Current Search: Department of Psychology (x) » Human information processing (x)
View All Items
- Title
- The application of the less is more hypothesis in foreign language learning.
- Creator
- Chin, Simone L., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
This study tests Newports Less is More hypothesis with a language teaching experiment. Computerized French language lessons were presented to forty-two adults over two one-hour sessions. Learning trials were presented either in full sentences to resemble the adult learning environment, or in small increments that gradually increased to full sentences, resembling the steadily expanding processing capabilities of children. Trials were also presented randomly or ordered such that multiple...
Show moreThis study tests Newports Less is More hypothesis with a language teaching experiment. Computerized French language lessons were presented to forty-two adults over two one-hour sessions. Learning trials were presented either in full sentences to resemble the adult learning environment, or in small increments that gradually increased to full sentences, resembling the steadily expanding processing capabilities of children. Trials were also presented randomly or ordered such that multiple examples of the same objects and verbs were presented consecutively. Language proficiency tests were administered after the lessons. A 2 (Presentation: incremental or full sentence) x 2 (Order of presentation: blocked or random) mixed ANOVA was used to analyze the data. The incremental conditions outperformed the sentence conditions on all proficiency measures. There was no significant effect of the blocking manipulation. This outcome suggests that a teaching method based on Newport's Less is More hypothesis can be advantageous in learning a foreign language.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2009
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/368254
- Subject Headings
- Second language acquisition, Methodology, Language and languages, Study and teaching, Cognitive grammar, Biolinguistics, Human information processing
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Developing mechanisms of self-regulation: an integrative perspective.
- Creator
- Kadin-Pessoa, Aviva R., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
Parents' and children's behaviors are intricately woven together over the course of development. Consequently it is difficulty to determine the sources of influence predicting socially and academically oriented outcomes. Research from several developmental fields suggests that developing mechanisms of attention during the preschool years is crucial for both emotional and cognitive control. The current study shows that parental responsive behavior is important in understanding the development...
Show moreParents' and children's behaviors are intricately woven together over the course of development. Consequently it is difficulty to determine the sources of influence predicting socially and academically oriented outcomes. Research from several developmental fields suggests that developing mechanisms of attention during the preschool years is crucial for both emotional and cognitive control. The current study shows that parental responsive behavior is important in understanding the development of voluntary attention. More specifically, the results suggest that parental awareness, assessed utilizing their perceptions of attentive temperament is an important factor in predicting their own behavior and the developmental outcomes of their children.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2010
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/2705084
- Subject Headings
- Parent and child, Attachment behavior in childhood, Family, Psychological aspects, Emotions and cognition, Cognition in children, Human information processing, Attribution (Social psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Hippocampal CA1 activation during object memory encoding in the novel object recognition task.
- Creator
- Cinalli, David A., Stackman, Robert W., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
Transcription and translation of proteins are required for the consolidation of episodic memory. Arc, an effector immediate early gene, has been linked to synaptic plasticity following learning and memory. It is well established that the rodent hippocampus is essential for processing spatial memory, but its role in processing object memory is a point of contention. Using immunohistochemical techniques, hippocampal sections were stained for arc proteins in the CA1 region of the dorsal...
Show moreTranscription and translation of proteins are required for the consolidation of episodic memory. Arc, an effector immediate early gene, has been linked to synaptic plasticity following learning and memory. It is well established that the rodent hippocampus is essential for processing spatial memory, but its role in processing object memory is a point of contention. Using immunohistochemical techniques, hippocampal sections were stained for arc proteins in the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus in mice following two variations of the novel object recognition (NOR) task. Results suggest mice that acquired strong object memory showed significant hippocampal activation. In mice that acquired weak object memory, hippocampal activation was not significantly different from controls. Arc expression was also examined in other hippocampal sub-regions, as well as in the perirhinal cortex. These results suggest that the mice must acquire a threshold amount of object information before the hippocampal CA1 region is engaged.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004436, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004436
- Subject Headings
- Association of ideas, Cellular control mechanisms, Cellular signal transduction, Episodic memory, Hippocampus (Brain) -- Physiology, Human information processing, Mice as laboratory animals
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The influence of motion type on memory of simple events.
- Creator
- Berger, Johanna D., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
This experiment investigated an individual's memory of specific motion events, unique actor, intrinsic motion, and extrinsic motion combination. Intrinsic motions involve the movement of an individual's body parts in a specific manner to move around, while extrinsic motions specify a path in reference to an external object. Participants viewed video clips, each depicting an actor performing a unique extrinsic and intrinsic motion combination. One week later, they viewed a different series of...
Show moreThis experiment investigated an individual's memory of specific motion events, unique actor, intrinsic motion, and extrinsic motion combination. Intrinsic motions involve the movement of an individual's body parts in a specific manner to move around, while extrinsic motions specify a path in reference to an external object. Participants viewed video clips, each depicting an actor performing a unique extrinsic and intrinsic motion combination. One week later, they viewed a different series of retrieval video clips consisting of old (identical to encoding), extrinsic conjunction (extrinsic motion previously performed by different actor), intrinsic conjunction (intrinsic motion previously performed by different actor), and new (novel extrinsic or intrinsic motion) video clips. Participants responded "yes" to viewing the old video clips the most often, followed by conjunction video clips, and then new video clips. Furthermore, there were a greater number of "yes" event memory recognition responses for extrinsic conjunction items than intrinsic conjunction items.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2009
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/186673
- Subject Headings
- Recollection (Psychology), Context effects (Psychology), Memory, Research, Human information processing, Research, Transference (Psychology), Motion segmentation
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- PERCEPTUAL SEGREGATION AND THE CATEGORY EFFECT.
- Creator
- ROSENTHAL, ALAN., Florida Atlantic University, Hock, Howard S., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
A category effect of alphanumeric characters in a visual search paradigm was examined to see whether the effect could be accounted for by the number of memory comparisons or by an early stage of perceptual processing. In Experiments 1 and 2, subjects searched for targets in either a within-category or between-category condition. The two experiments differed by the point in the trials where "catch trials" were presented. Experiment 3 used new configurations based on Gestalt principles which...
Show moreA category effect of alphanumeric characters in a visual search paradigm was examined to see whether the effect could be accounted for by the number of memory comparisons or by an early stage of perceptual processing. In Experiments 1 and 2, subjects searched for targets in either a within-category or between-category condition. The two experiments differed by the point in the trials where "catch trials" were presented. Experiment 3 used new configurations based on Gestalt principles which had been shown to influence target detection times at an early level of perceptual processing. The results of Experiments 1 and 2 favored a perceptual explanation mediating the effect. In Experiment 3, the critical interaction of category and Gestalt factors which would have demonstrated a competition in perceptually parsing the display fell short of significance.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1980
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14036
- Subject Headings
- Human information processing, Perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Peripheral Object Recognition in Naturalistic Scenes.
- Creator
- Schlangen, Derrick, Barenholtz, Elan, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
Most of the human visual field falls in the periphery, and peripheral processing is important for normal visual functioning. Yet, little is known about peripheral object recognition in naturalistic scenes and factors that modulate this ability. We propose that a critical function of scene and object memory is in order to facilitate visual object recognition in the periphery. In the first experiment, participants identified objects in scenes across different levels of familiarity and...
Show moreMost of the human visual field falls in the periphery, and peripheral processing is important for normal visual functioning. Yet, little is known about peripheral object recognition in naturalistic scenes and factors that modulate this ability. We propose that a critical function of scene and object memory is in order to facilitate visual object recognition in the periphery. In the first experiment, participants identified objects in scenes across different levels of familiarity and contextual information within the scene. We found that familiarity with a scene resulted in a significant increase in the distance that objects were recognized. Furthermore, we found that a semantically consistent scene improved the distance that object recognition is possible, supporting the notion that contextual facilitation is possible in the periphery. In the second experiment, the preview duration of a scene was varied in order to examine how a scene representation is built and how memory of that scene and the objects within it contributes to object recognition in the periphery. We found that the closer participants fixated to the object in the preview, the farther on average they recognized that target object in the periphery. However, only a preview duration of the scenes for 5000 ms produced significantly farther peripheral object recognition compared to not previewing the scene. Overall, these experiments introduce a novel research paradigm for object recognition in naturalistic scenes, and demonstrates multiple factors that have systematic effects on peripheral object recognition.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004669, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004669
- Subject Headings
- Context effects (Psychology), Human information processing, Optical pattern recognition, Pattern recognition systems, Recognition (Psychology), Visual perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Product placement within violent media: investigating the role of emotion on product memory.
- Creator
- Berger, Johanna D., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
Despite extensive research into memory and violence, relatively little is known about the relationship between violent media and memory of advertised products. Research has yielded contradictory evidence ; some scholars have found a negative relationship, others a nonexistent one... This research investigated the role of emotion in the relationship between violent media and product placement memory. This study creates insight into inconclusive previous findings by providing evidence that...
Show moreDespite extensive research into memory and violence, relatively little is known about the relationship between violent media and memory of advertised products. Research has yielded contradictory evidence ; some scholars have found a negative relationship, others a nonexistent one... This research investigated the role of emotion in the relationship between violent media and product placement memory. This study creates insight into inconclusive previous findings by providing evidence that violence influences product memory. Specifically, participants were significantly worse at remembering products placed within violent clips (e.g., free recall, cued recall, recognition. Participants' emotional responses to the violent clips also appeared to influence their memory for embedded products ; product recognition was significantly correlated with disgust, avoidance, and interest ratings.... Interestingly, stronger negative responses to the violent clips were correlated with decreased preference for the embedded products. Furthermore, the pattern of differences for product preference between target and non-target violent products varied according to negative emotional reaction. Therefore, this dissertation provides insight into the role emotion plays in the relationship between viewing violent media and product placement memory.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2012
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3358283
- Subject Headings
- Mass media, Marketing, Advertising, Psychological aspects, Persuasion (Psychology), Product placement in mass media, Violence in mass media, Psychological aspects, Human information processing, Research
- Format
- Document (PDF)