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- Title
- Wind Feedforward Control of a USV.
- Creator
- Qu, Huajin, von Ellenrieder, Karl, Florida Atlantic University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
-
In this research, a wind feedforward (FF) controller has been developed to augment closed loop feedback controllers for the position and heading station keeping control of Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs). The performance of the controllers was experimentally tested using a 16 foot USV in an outdoor marine environment. The FF controller was combined with three nonlinear feedback controllers, a Proportional–Derivative (PD) controller, a Backstepping (BS) controller, and a Sliding mode (SM)...
Show moreIn this research, a wind feedforward (FF) controller has been developed to augment closed loop feedback controllers for the position and heading station keeping control of Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs). The performance of the controllers was experimentally tested using a 16 foot USV in an outdoor marine environment. The FF controller was combined with three nonlinear feedback controllers, a Proportional–Derivative (PD) controller, a Backstepping (BS) controller, and a Sliding mode (SM) controller, to improve the station-keeping performance of the USV. To address the problem of wind model uncertainties, adaptive wind feedforward (AFF) control schemes are also applied to the FF controller, and implemented together with the BS and SM feedback controllers. The adaptive law is derived using Lyapunov Theory to ensure stability. On-water station keeping tests of each combination of FF and feedback controllers were conducted in the U.S. Intracoastal Waterway in Dania Beach, FL USA. Five runs of each test condition were performed; each run lasted at least 10 minutes. The experiments were conducted in Sea State 1 with an average wind speed of between 1 to 4 meters per second and significant wave heights of less than 0.2 meters. When the performance of the controllers is compared using the Integral of the Absolute Error (IAE) of position criterion, the experimental results indicate that the BS and SM feedback controllers significantly outperform the PD feedback controller (e.g. a 33% and a 44% decreases in the IAE, respectively). It is also found that FF is beneficial for all three feedback controllers and that AFF can further improve the station keeping performance. For example, a BS feedback control combined with AFF control reduces the IAE by 25% when compared with a BS feedback controller combined with a non-adaptive FF controller. Among the eight combinations of controllers tested, SM feedback control combined with AFF control gives the best station keeping performance with an average position and heading error of 0.32 meters and 4.76 degrees, respectively.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004623, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004623
- Subject Headings
- Wind turbines--Control., Adaptive control systems., Adaptive signal processing., Intelligent control systems., Wind-pressure., Intelligent sensors.
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Weight function approach for stress analysis of the surface crack in a finite plate subjected to nonuniform stress fields.
- Creator
- Jani, Jayant Shivkumar., Florida Atlantic University, Arockiasamy, Madasamy, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
-
The effects of various nonuniform stress fields on the stress intensity factors for the semi-elliptic surface crack (three-dimensional problem) in a finite plate are determined using the weight function approach. The formulation satisfies the linear elastic fracture mechanics criteria and the principle of conservation of energy. Based on the knowledge of stress intensity solutions for the reference load/stress system, the expression for the crack opening displacement function for the surface...
Show moreThe effects of various nonuniform stress fields on the stress intensity factors for the semi-elliptic surface crack (three-dimensional problem) in a finite plate are determined using the weight function approach. The formulation satisfies the linear elastic fracture mechanics criteria and the principle of conservation of energy. Based on the knowledge of stress intensity solutions for the reference load/stress system, the expression for the crack opening displacement function for the surface crack is derived. Using the crack opening displacement function and the reference stress intensity factor, the three-dimensional weight functions and subsequently the stress intensity solutions for the surface crack subjected to nonuniform stress fields are derived. The formulation is then applied to determine the effects of linear, quadratic, cubic, and pure bending stress fields on the stress intensity factor for the surface crack in a finite plate. In the initial stage of the study a two-dimensional problem of an edge-crack emanating from the weld-toe in a T-joint is considered. The effect of parameters such as plate thickness, weld-toe radius, and weld-flank angle on the stress intensity factor for an edge-crack is studied. Finite element analyses of the welded T-joints are performed to study the effects of plate thickness, weld-toe radius and the weld-flank angle on the local stress distribution. The ratio of plate thickness to weld-toe radius ranging from 13.09 to 153.93, and the weld-flank angles of 30, 45, and 60 degrees are considered in the analyses. Based on the results from FEM analyses, a parametric equation for the local stress concentration factor and a polynomial expression for the local stress distribution across the plate thickness are derived using the method of least squares and the polynomial curve-fitting technique.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1990
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12254
- Subject Headings
- Strains and stresses, Plates (Engineering), Fracture mechanics
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Wave Ship Interaction in Transforming Seas.
- Creator
- Gong, Fuxian, Dhanak, Manhar R., Florida Atlantic University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
-
In near-shore transforming seas, as waves approach the shoreline, wave shoaling and sometimes wave breaking take place due to the decreasing water depth. When a ship advances through the transforming seas, the ship body and waves interact with each other substantially and can lead to unknown motions of the ship hull. The physical process of how the wave transforms in the surf zone and how the vehicle actually behaves when it passes through the transforming seas is a complicated issue that...
Show moreIn near-shore transforming seas, as waves approach the shoreline, wave shoaling and sometimes wave breaking take place due to the decreasing water depth. When a ship advances through the transforming seas, the ship body and waves interact with each other substantially and can lead to unknown motions of the ship hull. The physical process of how the wave transforms in the surf zone and how the vehicle actually behaves when it passes through the transforming seas is a complicated issue that triggers considerable research interest. The goal of my research is to characterize the dynamics of a high-speed surface ship model in transforming seas through a parametric numerical study of the shipwave interactions. In this study, the vehicle of interest is a surface effect ship (SES) and we aim to contribute to developing a methodology for simulating the transforming wave environment, including wave breaking, and its interactions with the SES. The thesis work uses a commercial software package ANSYS Fluent to generate numerical waves and model the interface between water and air using the volume of fluid (VoF) method. A ship motion solver and the dynamic mesh are used to enable the modeled ship to perform three degree-of-freedom (DoF) motion and the near-region of the ship hull to deform as well as re-mesh. Non-conformal meshes with hybrid compositions of different cell types and various grid sizes are used in the simulations for different purposes. Five user-defined functions (UDFs) are dynamically linked with the flow solver to incorporates ship/grid motions, wave damping and output of the numerical results. A series of steps were taken sequentially: 1) validation for ship motions including simulation of a static Wigley hull under steady flows to compare against previous experimental results by other researchers, and the comparison between the static SES model under steady flows and the moving SES model advancing in the calm water; 2) study of the ship with 3 DoF advancing in calm water of both constant depth and varying depth; 3) validation for numerical waves, including predictions of numerically progressive waves in both a regular tank and a tank with a sloped fringing reef to compare with theoretical and experimental results, respectively; 4) investigation of the transforming characteristics of the wave traveling over the sloped fringing reef, which mimics the near-shore wave environment and a study of the dynamics of the SES through transforming waves. We find that the flow solver used in this study reliably models the wave profiles along the ship hull. The comparison between a static SES in a current and a moving SES in calm water at the same Froude number shows that although the velocity fields around the vehicle are significantly different, the wave profiles inside and outside the rigid cushion of the vehicle are similar and the resistance force experienced by the vehicle in the two scenarios agree well over time. We conducted five numerical simulations of the vehicle traveling from shallow water to deep water across the transition zone for different Froude numbers. From the results, we find that as the Froude number increases, the wave resistance force on the vehicle becomes larger in both shallow water and deep water. In addition, the overall mean resistance force experienced by the vehicle over the whole trip increases with the Froude number. Statistical analysis of the wave motions suggests that the energy flux decreases dramatically in the onshore direction as the waves break. The more severe the wave-breaking process, the greater the decrease in energy flux. Both the increase of Froude number and the wave steepness apparently increase the resistance force on the vehicle in the shallow water. This thesis work captures the impact of the transforming characteristics of the waves and closely replicates the behavior of how waves interact with a ship in transforming seas through numerical modeling and simulation.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004916, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004916
- Subject Headings
- Hydrodynamics--Mathematical models., Fluid dynamics--Mathematical models., Ocean waves--Measurement., Water waves--Measurement., Coastal engineering.
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Wave attenuation by rigid and flexible-membrane submerged breakwaters.
- Creator
- Harris, Lee Errol., Florida Atlantic University, Reddy, Dronnadula V., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
-
This research investigates the use of rigid and flexible-membrane submerged breakwaters for wave energy attenuation. A comprehensive review of breakwater design criteria and previous research on submerged breakwaters is included. Physical model laboratory studies conducted by the author and other researchers are investigated as a means for obtaining formulations for wave transmission coefficients. The mechanisms by which waves are attenuated and break are analyzed using video photography of...
Show moreThis research investigates the use of rigid and flexible-membrane submerged breakwaters for wave energy attenuation. A comprehensive review of breakwater design criteria and previous research on submerged breakwaters is included. Physical model laboratory studies conducted by the author and other researchers are investigated as a means for obtaining formulations for wave transmission coefficients. The mechanisms by which waves are attenuated and break are analyzed using video photography of the wave tank tests. The primary objective of this doctoral research was to determine and compare the wave attenuation of non-conventional rigid and flexible-membrane type submerged breakwaters. Physical model tests were performed using the wave tank facilities at Florida Institute of Technology located in Melbourne, Florida. Six different breakwater cross-sections used were: (1) rectangular, (2) triangular, (3) P.E.P.-$Reef\sp{TM}$, (4) single sand-filled container, (5) three stacked sand-filled containers, and (6) one single water-filled container. The first three breakwater units were rigid (or monolithic), and the last three units are flexible-membrane breakwater units. All six units tested had the same height, length (longshore), and base width (cross-shore), with different cross-sections and shapes, and were composed of different materials. A new classification scheme was developed for breakwaters and artificial reefs, based on water depth, structure height, and wave heights. The wave-structure interaction resulting in the wave breaking on the submerged breakwaters was documented, and the observations were analyzed. Wave transmission coefficients were computed for the six different breakwater models tested, and comparisons between the different models were made. Conclusions regarding the primary factors affecting the effectiveness of rigid and flexible-membrane submerged breakwaters were developed, as were recommendations for further research.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1996
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12468
- Subject Headings
- Breakwaters, Water waves
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Wall Pressure Fluctuation in a Turbulent Channel Flow.
- Creator
- Denissova, Lyubov, Glegg, Stewart, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science
- Abstract/Description
-
Turbulent flow is a complex three dimensional system of velocity and pressure fluctuations in a fluid that creates vorticity, eddies and other flow structures. In this study we are specifically concerned with the surface pressure fluctuations below a turbulent boundary layer which is one of the primary sources of panel vibration on aircraft fuselages and ship hulls as well a major issue in ship hydrodynamics. The most accepted analytical approaches to describe the surface pressure...
Show moreTurbulent flow is a complex three dimensional system of velocity and pressure fluctuations in a fluid that creates vorticity, eddies and other flow structures. In this study we are specifically concerned with the surface pressure fluctuations below a turbulent boundary layer which is one of the primary sources of panel vibration on aircraft fuselages and ship hulls as well a major issue in ship hydrodynamics. The most accepted analytical approaches to describe the surface pressure fluctuations are the Chase model [1] for the surface pressure wavenumber spectrum and Goody’s model [2] for the pressure spectrum at a point. The most accurate numerical approach to use is Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) [3]. In this study we compared Chase and Goody’s models against DNS of a turbulent channel flow in the space–time and wavenumber-frequency domains and estimated regions of convergence between the analytical models and the DNS data.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2022
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014034
- Subject Headings
- Turbulence, Turbulent boundary layer, Pressure
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Vortex street wakes downstream of truncated and full cylinders in a rotating fluid.
- Creator
- Leader, Bram., Florida Atlantic University, Marshall, Jeffrey S., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
-
An experimental study has been conducted to examine the flow field about and the wake behind truncated cylindrical obstacles of varying height, which are towed through a fluid with a free surface in a rotating system. The results show the development of a vortex street-type wake downstream of the obstacle for retrograde (westward) flows, even for very small ratios of obstacle height to water layer depth. For short obstacles, a pronounced backward flowing jet is observed, which impinges on the...
Show moreAn experimental study has been conducted to examine the flow field about and the wake behind truncated cylindrical obstacles of varying height, which are towed through a fluid with a free surface in a rotating system. The results show the development of a vortex street-type wake downstream of the obstacle for retrograde (westward) flows, even for very small ratios of obstacle height to water layer depth. For short obstacles, a pronounced backward flowing jet is observed, which impinges on the Taylor column from downstream. Prograde (eastward) flows are found to have a meandering wake that extends farther than eight obstacle diameters downstream and do not exhibit backjetting or vortex street formation. Upwelling is believed to occur within the side boundary layers of the Taylor column, which could play a significant role in deep water production in the ocean.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1992
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14827
- Subject Headings
- Taylor vortices, Fluid dynamics, Vortex-motion
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Visualization of buried objects in three-dimensional acoustic data acquired by a buried object scanning sonar.
- Creator
- Tellier, Arnaud Marc., Florida Atlantic University, Schock, Steven G., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
-
The common approach for finding objects buried under the seabed is to use a single channel chirp reflection profiler. Reflection profiles lack information on target location, geometry and size. This thesis investigates methods for visualizing buried objects in noisy 3D acoustic data acquired by a small aperture scanning sonar. Various surface and volume rendering methods are tested with synthetic datasets containing fluid loaded spheres and with experimental data acquired with a 4-by-8 planar...
Show moreThe common approach for finding objects buried under the seabed is to use a single channel chirp reflection profiler. Reflection profiles lack information on target location, geometry and size. This thesis investigates methods for visualizing buried objects in noisy 3D acoustic data acquired by a small aperture scanning sonar. Various surface and volume rendering methods are tested with synthetic datasets containing fluid loaded spheres and with experimental data acquired with a 4-by-8 planar hydrophone array towed over buried objects with various aspects and size. The Maximum Intensity Projection is the best of the tested methods for real-time visualization of the data where a global overview of the targets is needed. A surface rendering technique such as the Marching Cubes is useful for offline measurement of the geometry and size of buried objects selected by the operator.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1999
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15682
- Subject Headings
- Three-dimensional display systems, Sonar, Sound-waves--Scattering, Computer graphics
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Viscosity correction for breathing gas mixtures measured via a laminar flow element.
- Creator
- Signo, Barbara., Florida Atlantic University, Moslemian, Davood, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
-
To minimize previously observed inaccuracies in the measurement of the flow rates of breathing gas mixtures, errors in the measurement of the pressure differential across the LFE with short diffusers using high frequency response pressure transducers were ruled out. A Laminar Flow Element was calibrated with air, nitrogen, and helium at various pressure and temperature conditions. The feasibility of using the Universal Calibration Curve determined from atmospheric air data to estimate the...
Show moreTo minimize previously observed inaccuracies in the measurement of the flow rates of breathing gas mixtures, errors in the measurement of the pressure differential across the LFE with short diffusers using high frequency response pressure transducers were ruled out. A Laminar Flow Element was calibrated with air, nitrogen, and helium at various pressure and temperature conditions. The feasibility of using the Universal Calibration Curve determined from atmospheric air data to estimate the flow rate of other gases at hyperbaric conditions was evaluated. The viscosity values of pure gases calculated by theoretical methods were compared to the viscosity values estimated by using the Universal Calibration Curve Viscosity Iteration method. Using flowrate calibration data for the gas mixtures of interest, the viscosity values for these gas mixtures were estimated. These viscosity values were then compared to the corresponding viscosity values calculated by theoretical methods. The Universal Calibration Curve obtained by fitting flowrate calibration data of air flowing at STP can be used to estimate the flow of other gases flowing at hyperbaric pressures.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1993
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14981
- Subject Headings
- Viscosity, Gases--Viscosity, Flow meters, Gas flow--Measurement
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Vibrational power flow in thick connected plates.
- Creator
- McCollum, Michele D., Florida Atlantic University, Cuschieri, Joseph M., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
-
The total vibrational power flow in connected plate structures is investigated using an analytical "Power Flow" approach. The effects of shear and rotary inertia on the flexural wave transmission and the influence of in-plane wave generation at structural discontinuities are included in the analytical model. In formulating a Power Flow model, the structure is divided into substructures whose responses may be determined analytically to obtain expressions for the input and transfer mobilities...
Show moreThe total vibrational power flow in connected plate structures is investigated using an analytical "Power Flow" approach. The effects of shear and rotary inertia on the flexural wave transmission and the influence of in-plane wave generation at structural discontinuities are included in the analytical model. In formulating a Power Flow model, the structure is divided into substructures whose responses may be determined analytically to obtain expressions for the input and transfer mobilities of the substructures. For the case of plate-type structures joined along a line, the mobilities are functions of both frequency and space. The power transmission between the individual plate substructures is then written as a function of these mobility expressions. The structure of concern in this dissertation consists of two plates connected in an L-configuration. In obtaining the expressions for the mobilities, the vibrational response of the individual plates is determined by solving the appropriate equations of motion. In this study the antisymmetric (flexural) motion is described using Mindlin's (1951) thick plate approximation to the three-dimensional equations of motion. The applicability of this thick plate formulation is limited to frequencies below the frequency of the first antisymmetric mode of thickness-shear vibration of the plate. The symmetric (in-plane) motion of the plates is described using the generalized theory of plane stress which neglects the direct coupling of the in-plane motion with the thickness vibration modes, and is therefore valid only for frequencies which are lower than the frequency of the first mode of pure thickness vibration of the plate. The results for the power transmission in the L-plate obtained using the Power Flow formulation are verified at high frequencies by comparison with the results obtained using the Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) technique. The SEA formulation for the L-plate is based on Mindlin's equations for flexural motion and the theory of generalized plane stress for in-plane vibration. The results of the Power Flow formulation are verified at low frequencies by the results obtained using a Finite Element model of the L-shaped plate.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1988
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/11929
- Subject Headings
- Plates (Engineering)--Vibration
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Vibration, buckling and impact of carbon nanotubes.
- Creator
- Pentaras, Demetris., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
-
Natural frequencies of the double and triple-walled carbon nanotubes are determined exactly and approximately for both types. Approximate solutions are found by using Bubnov-Galerkin and Petrov-Galerkin methods. For the first time explicit expressions are obtained for the natural frequencies of double and triple-walled carbon nanotubes for different combinations of boundary conditions. Comparison of the results with recent studies shows that the above methods constitute quick and effective...
Show moreNatural frequencies of the double and triple-walled carbon nanotubes are determined exactly and approximately for both types. Approximate solutions are found by using Bubnov-Galerkin and Petrov-Galerkin methods. For the first time explicit expressions are obtained for the natural frequencies of double and triple-walled carbon nanotubes for different combinations of boundary conditions. Comparison of the results with recent studies shows that the above methods constitute quick and effective alternative techniques to exact solution for studying the vibration properties of carbon nanotubes. The natural frequencies of the clamped-clamped double-walled carbon nanotubes are obtained; exact solution is provided and compared with the solution reported in the literature. In contrast to earlier investigation, an analytical criterion is derived to establish the behavior of the roots of the characteristic equation. Approximate Bubnov-Galerkin solution is also obtained to compare natural frequencies at the lower end of the spectrum. Simplified version of the Bresse-Timoshenko theory that incorporates the shear deformation and the rotary inertia is proposed for free vibration study of double-walled carbon nanotubes. It is demonstrated that the suggested set yields extremely accurate results for the lower spectrum of double-walled carbon nanotube. The natural frequencies of double-walled carbon nanotubes based on simplified versions of Donnell shell theory are also obtained. The buckling behavior of the double-walled carbon nanotubes under various boundary conditions is studied. First, the case of the simply supported double-walled carbon nanotubes at both ends is considered which is amenable to exact solution., Then, approximate methods of Bubnov-Galerkin and Petrov-Galerkin are utilized to check the efficacy of these approximations for the simply supported double-walled carbon nanotubes. Once the extreme accuracy is demonstrated for simply supported conditions, the approximate techniques are applied to two other cases of the boundary conditions, namely to clamped-clamped and simply supported-clamped double-walled carbon nanotubes. For the first time in the literature approximate expression for the buckling loads are reported for these boundary conditions. The dynamic deflection of a single-walled carbon nanotube under impact loading is analyzed by following a recently study reported on the energy absorption capacity of carbon nanotubes under ballistic impact.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2009
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/186764
- Subject Headings
- Nanostructured materials, Buckling (Mechanics), Plates (Engineering), Vibration, Mathematical models, Structural analysis
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Vibration tailoring of inhomogeneous beams and circular plates.
- Creator
- Pentaras, Demetris., Florida Atlantic University, Elishakoff, Isaac, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
-
The vibrational behavior of inhomogeneous beams and circular plates is studied, utilizing the semi-inverse method developed by I. Elishakoff and extensively discussed in his recent monograph (2005). The main thread of his methodology is that the knowledge of the mode shape is postulated. The candidate mode shapes can be adopted from relevant static, dynamic or buckling problems. In this study, the exact mode shapes are sought as polynomial functions, in the context of vibration tailoring, i.e...
Show moreThe vibrational behavior of inhomogeneous beams and circular plates is studied, utilizing the semi-inverse method developed by I. Elishakoff and extensively discussed in his recent monograph (2005). The main thread of his methodology is that the knowledge of the mode shape is postulated. The candidate mode shapes can be adopted from relevant static, dynamic or buckling problems. In this study, the exact mode shapes are sought as polynomial functions, in the context of vibration tailoring, i.e. designing the structure that possesses the pre-specified value. Apparently for the first time in the literature, several closed-form solutions for vibration tailoring have been derived for vibrating inhomogeneous beams and circular plates. Twelve new closed-form solutions for vibration tailoring have been derived for an inhomogeneous polar orthotropic plate that is either clamped or simply supported around its circumference. Also, the vibration tailoring of a polar orthotropic circular plate with translational spring is analyzed. There is considerable potential of utilizing the developed method for design of functionally graded materials.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2006
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13344
- Subject Headings
- Acoustical engineering, Plates (Engineering)--Vibration--Mathematical models, Buckling (Mechanics), Structural analysis
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Vibration of nonlocal carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplates.
- Creator
- Hache, Florian, Elishakoff, Isaac, Challamel, Noël, Florida Atlantic University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
-
This thesis deals with the analytical study of vibration of carbon nanotubes and graphene plates. First, a brief overview of the traditional Bresse-Timoshenko models for thick beams and Uflyand-Mindlin models for thick plates will be conducted. It has been shown in the literature that the conventionally utilized mechanical models overcorrect the shear effect and that of rotary inertia. To improve the situation, two alternative versions of theories of beams and plates are proposed. The first...
Show moreThis thesis deals with the analytical study of vibration of carbon nanotubes and graphene plates. First, a brief overview of the traditional Bresse-Timoshenko models for thick beams and Uflyand-Mindlin models for thick plates will be conducted. It has been shown in the literature that the conventionally utilized mechanical models overcorrect the shear effect and that of rotary inertia. To improve the situation, two alternative versions of theories of beams and plates are proposed. The first one is derived through the use of equilibrium equations and leads to a truncated governing differential equation in displacement. It is shown, by considering a power series expansion of the displacement, that this is asymptotically consistent at the second order. The second theory is based on slope inertia and results in the truncated equation with an additional sixth order derivative term. Then, these theories will be extended in order to take into account some scale effects such as interatomic interactions that cannot be neglected for nanomaterials. Thus, different approaches will be considered: phenomenological, asymptotic and continualized. The basic principle of continualized models is to build continuous equations starting from discrete equations and by using Taylor series expansions or Padé approximants. For each of the different models derived in this study, the natural frequencies will be determined, analytically when the closed-form solution is available, numerically when the solution is given through a characteristic equation. The objective of this work is to compare the models and to establish the eventual superiority of a model on others.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2018
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013019
- Subject Headings
- Carbon nanotubes, Graphene, Vibration
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF RECTANGULAR PLATES UNDER FLUID LOADING.
- Creator
- LEE, TZER CHIA., Florida Atlantic University, Dunn, Stanley E., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
-
An energy method is presented for predicting the natural frequencies, radiation loss factor and system loss factor of simply supported rectangular plates under fluid loading. Both bare plates and plates with complete damping treatments are considered. Results obtained using the method developed are compared with two other theories. The agreement is generally good. The study points out the need for detailed analyses of plate vibration patterns and their associated radiation output under...
Show moreAn energy method is presented for predicting the natural frequencies, radiation loss factor and system loss factor of simply supported rectangular plates under fluid loading. Both bare plates and plates with complete damping treatments are considered. Results obtained using the method developed are compared with two other theories. The agreement is generally good. The study points out the need for detailed analyses of plate vibration patterns and their associated radiation output under various plate boundary conditions. There also exists a need for carefully conducted experimental work to verify the applicability of the current theory.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1981
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14086
- Subject Headings
- Plates (Engineering)--Vibration
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Very high frequency MIMO underwater acoustic communications in ports and shallow waters.
- Creator
- Real, Gaultier., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
-
This thesis presents the development of a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) capable high bit rate acoustic modem operating at high frequencies. A MIMO channel estimation technique based on Least-Squares (LS) estimation is developed here. Channel deconvolution is completed using a Minimum Mean-Square Error (MMSE) Linear Equalizer (LE). An Interference Cancellation Linear Equalizer (ICLE) is used to provide the theoretical limit of the MIMO deconvolution process. The RMSE of the channel...
Show moreThis thesis presents the development of a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) capable high bit rate acoustic modem operating at high frequencies. A MIMO channel estimation technique based on Least-Squares (LS) estimation is developed here. Channel deconvolution is completed using a Minimum Mean-Square Error (MMSE) Linear Equalizer (LE). An Interference Cancellation Linear Equalizer (ICLE) is used to provide the theoretical limit of the MIMO deconvolution process. The RMSE of the channel estimation process was 1.83 % and 6.1810 %, respectively for simulated and experimental data. Using experimental data, the RMSE before MIMO deconvolution process was 141.3 % and dropped down to 60.224 % and to 4.4545 %, respectively after LE and ICLE. At raw reception, the RMSE was 101.83 % and dropped down to 9.36 % and to 1.86 % using respectively LE and ICLE with simulated data.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2011
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3333309
- Subject Headings
- MIMO systems, Wireless communication systems, Underwater acoustics, Fluid dynamics
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Validation of numerical modelling for long range acoustic propagation.
- Creator
- Riley, Joseph M., Florida Atlantic University, Glegg, Stewart A. L., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
-
Laboratory scale measurements were conducted to validate numerical prediction models used to predict the acoustic field in a shallow water ocean environment. Experimental measurements were conducted in a range independent environment which included the effects of shear in marine sediments and in a depth varying range dependent environment. Good agreement between the experimental measurements and the numerical prediction codes were obtained using optimized values for the input parameters of...
Show moreLaboratory scale measurements were conducted to validate numerical prediction models used to predict the acoustic field in a shallow water ocean environment. Experimental measurements were conducted in a range independent environment which included the effects of shear in marine sediments and in a depth varying range dependent environment. Good agreement between the experimental measurements and the numerical prediction codes were obtained using optimized values for the input parameters of the environmental model. In comparing experimental measurements to the numerical prediction codes it became apparent that the codes were very sensitive to the input parameters describing the bottom boundary of the ocean waveguide.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1992
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14819
- Subject Headings
- Acoustical engineering, Underwater acoustics, Marine sediments
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- THE USE OF COMPUTER SIMULATION TECHNIQUES IN THE DESIGN OF SHIP CHANNEL WIDTH (PORT, HARBOR, TAMPA).
- Creator
- THOMAS, CLINTON WILLIAM., Florida Atlantic University, Lin, Newman K., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
-
This report presents a detailed approach to the problem of determining expected shipping delays that are caused by inadequate channel width. Data collection and analysis is accomplished for the shipping industry of Tampa Bay, Florida. Historical data and cargo projection are used to develop the expected shipping traffic density and distribution for the year 2000. An overview of a computer model that simulates the shipping traffic and accounts for delays due to channel width is presented. A...
Show moreThis report presents a detailed approach to the problem of determining expected shipping delays that are caused by inadequate channel width. Data collection and analysis is accomplished for the shipping industry of Tampa Bay, Florida. Historical data and cargo projection are used to develop the expected shipping traffic density and distribution for the year 2000. An overview of a computer model that simulates the shipping traffic and accounts for delays due to channel width is presented. A sensitivity analysis performed on the model to determine the effect each input variable has on shipping delays. The results are presented in the form of shipping delay curves for seven types of vessels over a range of channel widths.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1986
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14287
- Subject Headings
- Shipping--Simulation methods, Channels (Hydraulic engineering)--Design and construction--Simulation methods, Shipping--Florida--Tampa Bay
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- A unified theory of coordination for robotic mechanisms with general parallel or hybrid structures.
- Creator
- Ling, Shou-Hung., Florida Atlantic University, Huang, Ming Z., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
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A well designed robot manipulator should have adequate workspace and good static-dynamic performance. It is well known that serial manipulators, while compared to similar size parallel ones, have larger workspace. However, due to their cantilever-like structure, the serial manipulators suffer from the disadvantage of having relatively poor static-dynamic performance. Contrarily, for fully parallel manipulators the good static-dynamic performance comes from the sacrifice of the workspace....
Show moreA well designed robot manipulator should have adequate workspace and good static-dynamic performance. It is well known that serial manipulators, while compared to similar size parallel ones, have larger workspace. However, due to their cantilever-like structure, the serial manipulators suffer from the disadvantage of having relatively poor static-dynamic performance. Contrarily, for fully parallel manipulators the good static-dynamic performance comes from the sacrifice of the workspace. Therefore, manipulators with more general geometries, in particular those with both the serial and the parallel modules, namely the hybrid manipulators, have attracted much of the research attention in robotics recently. While it can be asserted that kinematic theories and techniques are well established for fully serial-chain manipulators, the same assertion cannot be made when they are considered in the above general context. The research described in this dissertation is an undertaking toward the establishment of a general theory of coordination for robotic mechanisms with general parallel or hybrid structures. The scope of this research is concentrated in the kinematics aspect of the aforementioned class of robot manipulators with the main emphasis on the velocity (instantaneous) kinematics. A kinestatic approach, which is based on screw system theory, is adopted in this dissertation. This kinestatic approach leads to the establishment of a fundamental theorem, dubbed as the Parallel Manipulator Coordination Theorem, which integrates the idea of parallel and serial manipulators. Furthermore, the theorem enables us to develop an analysis strategy for systematic formulation and characterization of robotic mechanisms with general parallel (non-redundant) and hybrid geometries. The analysis strategy entails constraints, statics, velocity, and singularity considerations. One distinct advantage of using the screw system theory as the analysis tool is that it facilitates the analysis in a fashion that physical meanings are preserved through out the derivation. The very aspect of preserving the physical meaning distinguishes this method from other algebraically-based and numerically-based methods. An intelligent fault-tolerant system has been studied at the end. The technique and conclusions from the study of parallel manipulator modules have been used to analyze the proposed design.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1994
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12385
- Subject Headings
- Manipulators (Mechanism), Robotics, Kinematics, Screws, Theory of
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Underwater acoustic channel estimation using multiple sources and receivers in shallow waters at very-high frequencies.
- Creator
- Kaddouri, Samar, Beaujean, Pierre-Philippe, Florida Atlantic University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
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The underwater channel poses numerous challenges for acoustic communication. Acoustic waves suffer long propagation delay, multipath, fading, and potentially high spatial and temporal variability. In addition, there is no typical underwater acoustic channel; every body of water exhibits quantifiably different properties. Underwater acoustic modems are traditionally operated at low frequencies. However, the use of broadband, high frequency communication is a good alternative because of the...
Show moreThe underwater channel poses numerous challenges for acoustic communication. Acoustic waves suffer long propagation delay, multipath, fading, and potentially high spatial and temporal variability. In addition, there is no typical underwater acoustic channel; every body of water exhibits quantifiably different properties. Underwater acoustic modems are traditionally operated at low frequencies. However, the use of broadband, high frequency communication is a good alternative because of the lower background noise compared to low-frequencies, considerably larger bandwidth and better source transducer efficiency. One of the biggest problems in the underwater acoustic communications at high frequencies is time-selective fading, resulting in the Doppler spread. While many Doppler detection, estimation and compensation techniques can be found in literature, the applications are limited to systems operating at low frequencies contained within frequencies ranging from a few hundred Hertz to around 30 kHz.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004384, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004384
- Subject Headings
- Adaptive signal processing, MIMO systems, Signal processing -- Ditigal techniques -- Mathematics, Underwater acoustic telemetry, Underwater acoustics -- Evaluation, Wireless communication systems
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- UNDERSTANDING GRAVITY DRIVEN PARTICLE SETTLING AND DISTRIBUITION IN FRACTURES.
- Creator
- Hafez, Mazen, Kim, Myeongsub, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science
- Abstract/Description
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The elevated energy demand and high dependency on fossil fuels have directed researchers’ attention to promoting and advancing hydraulic fracturing (HF) operations for a sustainable energy future. Previous studies have demonstrated that the particle suspension and positioning in slick water play a vital role during the injection and shut-in stages of the HF operations. A significant challenge to HF is the premature particle settling and uneven particle distribution in a formation. Even though...
Show moreThe elevated energy demand and high dependency on fossil fuels have directed researchers’ attention to promoting and advancing hydraulic fracturing (HF) operations for a sustainable energy future. Previous studies have demonstrated that the particle suspension and positioning in slick water play a vital role during the injection and shut-in stages of the HF operations. A significant challenge to HF is the premature particle settling and uneven particle distribution in a formation. Even though various research was conducted on the topic of particle transport, there still exist gaps in the fundamental particle-particle interaction mechanisms. This dissertation utilizes both experimental and numerical approaches to advance the state of the art in particle-particle interactions in various test conditions. Experimentally, the study utilizes high-speed imaging coupled with particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) and particle image velocimetry (PIV) to provide a space and time-resolved investigation of both two-particle and multi-particle interactions during gravitational settling, respectively.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2022
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014095
- Subject Headings
- Hydraulic fracturing, Particle image velocimetry, Particle tracking velocimetry, Fluid mechanics research
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- UNDERSTANDING BUBBLE GROWTH BEHAVIOR DURING NUCLEATE BOILING.
- Creator
- Ghazvini, Mahyar, Kim, Myeongsub, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science
- Abstract/Description
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Boiling heat transfer associated with bubble growth is perhaps one of the most efficient cooling methodologies due to its sizeable latent heat during phase change. Despite significant advancement, numerous questions remain regarding the fundamentals of bubble growth mechanisms, a primary source of enhanced heat dissipation. This thesis provides a comprehensive examination of the mechanisms involved in the growth of bubbles during nucleate boiling. By conducting a combination of experiments...
Show moreBoiling heat transfer associated with bubble growth is perhaps one of the most efficient cooling methodologies due to its sizeable latent heat during phase change. Despite significant advancement, numerous questions remain regarding the fundamentals of bubble growth mechanisms, a primary source of enhanced heat dissipation. This thesis provides a comprehensive examination of the mechanisms involved in the growth of bubbles during nucleate boiling. By conducting a combination of experiments and numerical analyses, the goal is to enhance our understanding of bubble growth phenomena and their impact on heat transfer. Initially, the experimental work focuses on comparing the heat transfer performance and parameters related to bubble dynamics between regular and modified fin structures. The findings demonstrate that the modified fin structure, which featured artificial nucleation sites, exhibits superior heat transfer characteristics. This improvement is attributed to changes in the bubble departure diameter, bubble departure frequency, and growth time. Subsequently, an artificial neural network is developed to accurately predict the bubble departure diameter based on the wall superheat and subcooling level. This predictive model provides valuable insights into bubble behavior originating from artificial nucleation sites.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2023
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014295
- Subject Headings
- Nucleate boiling, Ebullition, Heat--Transmission
- Format
- Document (PDF)