Current Search: "School of Criminology and Criminal Justice" (x)
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Pages
- Title
- Community Perceptions of Police Body-Worn Cameras: The Impact of Views on Fairness, Fear, Performance, and Privacy.
- Creator
- Crow, Matthew S., Snyder, Jamie A., Crichlow, Vaughn J., Smykla, John Ortiz
- Date Issued
- 2017-04-03
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/flvc_fau_islandoraimporter_10.1177_0093854816688037_1642185146
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Police Body-Worn Cameras: Perceptions of Law Enforcement Leadership.
- Creator
- Smykla, John Ortiz, Crow, Matthew S., Crichlow, Vaughn J., Snyder, Jamie A.
- Date Issued
- 2016-09-04
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/flvc_fau_islandoraimporter_10.1007_s12103-015-9316-4_1642183632
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Overcoming the Challenges of Experimental Research: Lessons From a Criminal Justice Case Study Involving TASER Exposure.
- Creator
- Todak, Natalie, White, Michael D., Dario, Lisa M., Borrego, Andrea R.
- Date Issued
- 2018-06-16
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/flvc_fau_islandoraimporter_10.1177_0193841X18803205_1644845714
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Can I Ask for Help? The Relationship Among Incarcerated Males’ Sexual Orientation, Sexual Abuse History, and Perceptions of Rape in Prison.
- Creator
- Ratkalkar, Mina, Atkin-Plunk, Cassandra A.
- Date Issued
- 2020-10-14
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/flvc_fau_islandoraimporter_10.1177_0886260517714440_1630606185
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- An Exploratory Assessment of Community-Oriented Policing Implementation, Social Disorganization and Crime in America.
- Creator
- Przeszlowski, Kimberly S., Crichlow, Vaughn J.
- Date Issued
- 2018-02-28
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/flvc_fau_islandoraimporter_10.3390_socsci7030035_1642185651
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- An exploratory international comparison of professional confidence in volunteer policing.
- Creator
- Wolf, Ross, Pepper, Ian, Dobrin, Adam
- Date Issued
- 2017-06-11
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/flvc_fau_islandoraimporter_10.1177_0032258X16671966_1645043310
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- What is known and not known about volunteer policing in the United States.
- Creator
- Dobrin, Adam, Wolf, Ross
- Date Issued
- 2016-09-20
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/flvc_fau_islandoraimporter_10.1177_1461355716660732_1645044211
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- State-level estimates of the number of volunteer police in the United States.
- Creator
- Dobrin, Adam
- Date Issued
- 2017-06-27
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/flvc_fau_islandoraimporter_10.1177_1461355717695322_1645106148
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Attitudes toward gun control laws: exploring relationships in recent gathered data.
- Creator
- Borkowski, Elizabeth., College for Design and Social Inquiry, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
- Abstract/Description
-
Recently, empirical attention has been directed toward understanding public opinion about gun control laws. Despite this focus, three gaps are evident in extant scholarship. First, few current examinations have relied on recently collected, national data to explore predictors of public attitudes. Second, relatively little work systematically investigates whether type of weapon bans (e.g. handgun versus semi-automatic weapon) affects public support for a given gun control initiative. Third,...
Show moreRecently, empirical attention has been directed toward understanding public opinion about gun control laws. Despite this focus, three gaps are evident in extant scholarship. First, few current examinations have relied on recently collected, national data to explore predictors of public attitudes. Second, relatively little work systematically investigates whether type of weapon bans (e.g. handgun versus semi-automatic weapon) affects public support for a given gun control initiative. Third, and importantly, the general focus in prediction support for gun control measures has been on social and demographic factors. Little is known from a theoretical perspective about how other variables - such as knowledge of Constitutinal issues or perceptions of the U.S. Supreme Court - affect public attitudes toward gun control. Using national poll data collected in 2011 by Time magazine, this study addresses these research gaps by estimating several logistic regression analyses. Research and policy implications are discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2012
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3358285
- Subject Headings
- Gun control, Political aspects, Gun control, Social aspects, Gun control, Statistics, Firearms, Law and legislation, FIrearms ownership, Social aspects, Firearms and crime, Public opinion
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- An analysis of personality and the effect of peer influence on deviant behavior during adolescence.
- Creator
- Taylor, Kasey, Youstin, Tasha, Florida Atlantic University, College of Design and Social Inquiry, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
- Abstract/Description
-
Criminologists have long since documented a connection between peer deviance and personal deviance. Some theories suggest that this connection is due to a learning process where individuals may adopt the attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of those with whom they have significant interactions, such as friends. While individuals may be susceptible to learning anti-social behavior from peers, it is unclear if certain personality characteristics may affect this relationship. The purpose of this...
Show moreCriminologists have long since documented a connection between peer deviance and personal deviance. Some theories suggest that this connection is due to a learning process where individuals may adopt the attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of those with whom they have significant interactions, such as friends. While individuals may be susceptible to learning anti-social behavior from peers, it is unclear if certain personality characteristics may affect this relationship. The purpose of this study is to determine if differences in specific personality characteristics, such as self-esteem, introversion and extroversion, can have a moderating effect on the pressures to participate in the use of drugs and alcohol that are projected on to individuals during their adolescent years. The findings of the current study can lead to new pathways in substance use prevention and personality assessment in conjunction with risk assessment for juveniles during their middle and high school years.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004470, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004470
- Subject Headings
- Adolescent psychology, Criminal behavior, Prediction of, Developmental psychology, Interpersonal relations in adolescence, Peer influence in adolescence, Peer motivation in adolescence, Personality assessment
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- A Content Analysis on Police Killings of Unarmed Black Males: An Assessment on Experts' Quotes in National News Sources.
- Creator
- Fulcher, Christopher, Crichlow, Vaughn, Florida Atlantic University, College for Design and Social Inquiry, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
- Abstract/Description
-
There is increasing concern in news media sources regarding police killings of unarmed Black males. However, there is limited research on the portrayal of such incidents in the news and the implications for police-community relations in African- American communities. In order to address this gap, this study analyzed 120 experts’ quotes provided by two of the largest and most respected newspapers in the United States -- the New York Times and USA Today. This research comprised a content...
Show moreThere is increasing concern in news media sources regarding police killings of unarmed Black males. However, there is limited research on the portrayal of such incidents in the news and the implications for police-community relations in African- American communities. In order to address this gap, this study analyzed 120 experts’ quotes provided by two of the largest and most respected newspapers in the United States -- the New York Times and USA Today. This research comprised a content analysis of quotes related to the deaths of Eric Garner (Staten Island, New York), Michael Brown (Ferguson, Missouri), and Freddie Gray (Baltimore City, Maryland). A number of factors are discussed: The news organization’s predominate category and specialty of experts selected; whether the experts’ quotes attributed to pro-police or community bias; if the experts’ quotes discussed social or racial inequalities in the cities selected; whether the experts addressed evidence-based strategies necessary to improve police-community relations in the Black community, and whether experts’ quotes discussed solutions to improve police and community relations in the Black community. The findings suggest that the selected national news sources, in the one year following the deaths of each of the unarmed victims, highlighted quotes from state manager, particularly politicians, at a much higher rate than intellectuals. Although revealing a substantial level of procommunity bias, the quotes presented very little regarding evidence-based strategies for improving police-community relations in the Black community and reducing the number of unarmed deaths caused by police. The implications for research on media and crime as well as policing strategies are discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004594, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004594
- Subject Headings
- Police misconduct., Police brutality., Police--Complaints against., Police-community relations., Police corruption., Post-racialism., Racial profiling in law enforcement., Discrimination in law enforcement.
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Can I Ask for Help? The Relationship among Incarcerated Males’ Sexual Orientation, Incarceration History, and Perceptions of Rape in Prison.
- Creator
- Ratkalkar, Mina, Smykla, John Ortiz, Florida Atlantic University, College for Design and Social Inquiry, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
- Abstract/Description
-
In 2003, Congress passed the Prison Rape Elimination Act to address the problem of sexual violence in prison. Although research has shed light on the prevalence and incidence of sexual violence in U.S. prisons, few studies examine inmates’ perceptions of rape and safety from rape in prison. This study examined rape perceptions and the likelihood to seek mental health treatment in prison of three distinct groups of male inmates who are at greater risk of sexual victimization or exposure to...
Show moreIn 2003, Congress passed the Prison Rape Elimination Act to address the problem of sexual violence in prison. Although research has shed light on the prevalence and incidence of sexual violence in U.S. prisons, few studies examine inmates’ perceptions of rape and safety from rape in prison. This study examined rape perceptions and the likelihood to seek mental health treatment in prison of three distinct groups of male inmates who are at greater risk of sexual victimization or exposure to sexual violence while incarcerated: gay and bisexual inmates, inmates with a juvenile incarceration history, and inmates who were first incarcerated in the adult criminal justice system during adolescence or emerging adulthood. This study examined the relationships between sexual orientation and inmates’ perceptions of the threat of rape and seeking of mental health treatment in prison. Data from 409 incarcerated men residing in 23 maximum security correctional institutions revealed that gay and bisexual inmates were significantly more likely than straight inmates to fear the threat of rape and to voluntarily request mental health treatment in prison. Incarcerated men with a history of childhood abuse were significantly more likely than inmates without an abuse history to fear the threat of rape. Having a history of childhood sexual abuse, identifying as black, and being incarcerated for longer than 18 years also significantly predicted increased likelihood to voluntarily request mental health treatment in prison. Implications for practice and policy are discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004624, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004624
- Subject Headings
- United States.--Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003., Prisoners--Sexual behavior., Prisoners--Mental health services., Prisoners--Legal status, laws, etc., Prisons--Law and legislation--United States., Prison violence--Prevention., Rape--Prevention.
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- COMBATING HUMAN TRAFFICKING WITH THE LAW: A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF STATE LAWS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR LEGAL REFORM.
- Creator
- Branscum, Caralin, Fallik, Seth Wyatt, Florida Atlantic University, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, College of Social Work and Criminal Justice
- Abstract/Description
-
Human trafficking is a heinous human rights violation, impacting as many as 40.3 million people around the globe (Global Slavery Index, 2018). In the United States of America (USA), the Trafficking Victims Protections Act of 2000 (TVPA), and its subsequent reauthorizations, comprise the bulk of the federal response to human trafficking. As a result, federal policies have received a lot of praise and scrutiny in the literature. However, less is known about statewide legislative efforts to...
Show moreHuman trafficking is a heinous human rights violation, impacting as many as 40.3 million people around the globe (Global Slavery Index, 2018). In the United States of America (USA), the Trafficking Victims Protections Act of 2000 (TVPA), and its subsequent reauthorizations, comprise the bulk of the federal response to human trafficking. As a result, federal policies have received a lot of praise and scrutiny in the literature. However, less is known about statewide legislative efforts to combat human trafficking. To fill this gap, the current study analyzes state human trafficking statutes through content analysis. Overall, state legislation could best be described as a hodge-podge of laws related to three themes: 1) conceptualizing human trafficking, 2) victim centeredness, and 3) perpetrator centeredness. Accordingly, several recommendations are made that would reduce inconsistency and increase implementation of evidence-based policy.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2020
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013453
- Subject Headings
- Human trafficking, Content analysis, Human trafficking—Law and legislation
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Examining the relationship between fear of crime, self-protective behavior, and situational crime prevention among college students.
- Creator
- Archer, Robert, Youstin, Tasha, Florida Atlantic University, College for Design and Social Inquiry, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
- Abstract/Description
-
Previous researchers have recommended that universities should be deemed very safe places. However, reports of crime have dominated the news, including shootings and mass murders at schools and universities. The issue of reality versus perception is of foremost importance when student safety is at stake. In this paper, the researcher presents the findings from unique data collected from university students related to situational crime prevention, fear of crime, self-protective behaviors, and...
Show morePrevious researchers have recommended that universities should be deemed very safe places. However, reports of crime have dominated the news, including shootings and mass murders at schools and universities. The issue of reality versus perception is of foremost importance when student safety is at stake. In this paper, the researcher presents the findings from unique data collected from university students related to situational crime prevention, fear of crime, self-protective behaviors, and perceptions of crime prevention programs to better understand the antecedent variables relating to crime prevention.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004264, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004264
- Subject Headings
- Campus violence, College students -- Crimes against, Crime prevention -- Citizen participation, Fear of crime, Universities and colleges -- Security measures
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Evil done vulnerability assessment: examining terrorism targets through situational crime prevention.
- Creator
- Paton, Stacy, Santos, Rachel, College for Design and Social Inquiry, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
- Abstract/Description
-
Following the events of September 11th, 2001, national attention has been captivated by terrorism and terrorism prevention. Parallel to this time of increased focus on terrorism prevention, adequate funding to support new departments or increased terrorism prevention efforts in existing departments was unattainable. Consequently, a strong need for prevention strategies that are affordable and highly applicable at the local level has resulted. Thus, it is the purpose of this study to examine...
Show moreFollowing the events of September 11th, 2001, national attention has been captivated by terrorism and terrorism prevention. Parallel to this time of increased focus on terrorism prevention, adequate funding to support new departments or increased terrorism prevention efforts in existing departments was unattainable. Consequently, a strong need for prevention strategies that are affordable and highly applicable at the local level has resulted. Thus, it is the purpose of this study to examine methods of risk assessment and test the accuracy of such methodologies in order to assist local organizations in effectively applying limited resources for opportunity reduction at vulnerable locations based on calculated risks. The primary goal of this thesis is to test the validity of the EVIL DONE vulnerability assessment and evaluate its ability to predict the number of fatalities and injured persons resulting from a terrorist attack.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA0004044
- Subject Headings
- Emergency management -- United States, Problem oriented policing -- United States, September 11 Terrorist Attacks, 2001 -- Influence, Terrorism (International law), Terrorism -- United States -- Prevention
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Community-Oriented Policing Implementation, Social Disorganization and Crime Rates in Small Cities.
- Creator
- Przeszlowski, Kimberly, Crichlow, Vaughn, Florida Atlantic University, College for Design and Social Inquiry, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
- Abstract/Description
-
Community-oriented policing implementation has been examined under the context of large agencies whereas the literature on smaller agencies has ultimately been lagging behind The purpose of this study is therefore to examine the degree of community policing implementation within these smaller agencies, controlling for characteristics derived from the theory of social disorganization, to gather further insight into what variables may be impacting crimes rates Pearson correlation and OLS...
Show moreCommunity-oriented policing implementation has been examined under the context of large agencies whereas the literature on smaller agencies has ultimately been lagging behind The purpose of this study is therefore to examine the degree of community policing implementation within these smaller agencies, controlling for characteristics derived from the theory of social disorganization, to gather further insight into what variables may be impacting crimes rates Pearson correlation and OLS regression analysis is employed to obtain the necessary results The findings indicate that although community-policing implementation does not significantly impact or explain the variation of crime rates in small cities, the statistically significant results of particular social disorganization characteristics should be an indicator of the need to incorporate theory with practice
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004778
- Subject Headings
- Crime--Sociological aspects, Crime prevention, Crime analysis, Sociology, Urban
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The job satisfaction, occupational sentiments, and work-related stress of prison wardens: results from a national survey.
- Creator
- DaSilva, Martina A.A., Stinchcomb, Jeanne B., Florida Atlantic University, College for Design and Social Inquiry, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
- Abstract/Description
-
This study examined the results of the National Prison Wardens’ Survey to ascertain the levels of job satisfaction, occupational sentiments, and work-related stress among prison wardens and to establish whether these variables differed between male and female respondents. The findings indicated that wardens generally experience high levels of job satisfaction, reflect positive occupational sentiments, and report low levels of work-related stress. Additionally, results from the Chi-square...
Show moreThis study examined the results of the National Prison Wardens’ Survey to ascertain the levels of job satisfaction, occupational sentiments, and work-related stress among prison wardens and to establish whether these variables differed between male and female respondents. The findings indicated that wardens generally experience high levels of job satisfaction, reflect positive occupational sentiments, and report low levels of work-related stress. Additionally, results from the Chi-square tests and Lambda measures of association indicated that little to no relationship existed between gender and any of the explored variables.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004189, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004189
- Subject Headings
- Job satisfaction, Job stress, Sex differences (Psychology), Sex role in the work environment, Stereotypes (Social psychology), Stress (Psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Gender Disparity: A view of Florida’s Correction System.
- Creator
- Kutikoff, Adam, Hauser, William, Florida Atlantic University, College for Design and Social Inquiry, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
- Abstract/Description
-
Disparity in sentence length has long been a topic of discussion (Spohn, 2009). Though most research is aimed at disparity due to race, few studies utilize sex as a focal point (Crow & Kunselman, 2009; Embry & Lyons, 2012; Gavin, 2014; Hartley, Kwak, Park & Min-Sik Lee, 2011; Hasset-Walker, Lateano, Di Benedetto, 2014; Messing, 2008; Steffensmeier, Ulmer & Kramer, 1998). The focus of this study is to examine the effect of sex on sentence length, controlling for characteristics derived from...
Show moreDisparity in sentence length has long been a topic of discussion (Spohn, 2009). Though most research is aimed at disparity due to race, few studies utilize sex as a focal point (Crow & Kunselman, 2009; Embry & Lyons, 2012; Gavin, 2014; Hartley, Kwak, Park & Min-Sik Lee, 2011; Hasset-Walker, Lateano, Di Benedetto, 2014; Messing, 2008; Steffensmeier, Ulmer & Kramer, 1998). The focus of this study is to examine the effect of sex on sentence length, controlling for characteristics derived from the evil woman hypothesis, chivalry hypothesis, and focal concerns theory, to discuss the potential paternalism of the criminal justice system, which may cause potential sentence disparities (Daly, 1989; Nagel & Hagen, 1983; Steffensmeir, Ulmer, & Kramer, 1998). The findings indicate that women always receive a reduced sentence compared to male offenders, regardless of the crime type of past criminal offenses. The statistically significant results indicate that there is a need to review the criminal justice system and implement new polices such as judicial review to help stymie the differing sentences given (Spohn, 2009). If not, offenders will continue to receive differing sentences, based solely on extra-legal factors, such as the sex of the offender.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004818, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004818
- Subject Headings
- Florida.--Department of Corrections--Evaluation., Female offenders--Florida--Social conditions., Corrections--Florida--Evaluation., Criminal justice, Administration of--Florida--Evaluatioin., Sentences (Criminal procedure)--Florida., Sex discrimination in criminal justice administration--Florida., Prison sentences--Florida.
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Preventing the next Abu Gharib: understanding institutional cruelty from the perspective of object relations theory.
- Creator
- Hofacker, Paul., College for Design and Social Inquiry, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
- Abstract/Description
-
The cruelty of Military Police guards at Abu Ghraib prison contributed to American shame and questions regarding how such cruelty emerges. The accepted approach of "situational attribution theory" - based upon Zimbardo's (1973, 2007) social psychological perceptions and results of the Stanford Prison Experiment - proposed that personality or "disposition" has little role in the emergence of such cruelty. Termed "institutional cruelty," this manuscript presents the possibility that...
Show moreThe cruelty of Military Police guards at Abu Ghraib prison contributed to American shame and questions regarding how such cruelty emerges. The accepted approach of "situational attribution theory" - based upon Zimbardo's (1973, 2007) social psychological perceptions and results of the Stanford Prison Experiment - proposed that personality or "disposition" has little role in the emergence of such cruelty. Termed "institutional cruelty," this manuscript presents the possibility that understandings and preventive measures afforded by situational attribution theory can be extended via acknowledgement of a greater role played by disposition. Psychoanalytic and object relations approaches are presented to this end. The manuscript addresses the most puzzling characteristics of institutional cruelty: 1) rapidity of onset, taking days or, at most, weeks for initial expression, 2) emergence in ordinary, normal individuals, and 3) emergence in the "mock" situation of the Stanford Prison Experiment. Criminological, organizational culture, and social psychological theories are explored for their application to institutional cruelty.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2010
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/2100581
- Subject Headings
- Prisoners of war, Abuse of, Prevention, Iraq War, 2003-, Prisoners and prisons, American, War on Terrorism, 2001-, Moral and ethical aspects, Object relations (Psychoanalysis), Good and evil, Psychological aspects
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Theft of personal belongings on college campuses.
- Creator
- Kijanczuk, Katarzyna Aleksandra, Santos, Rachel, Florida Atlantic University, College for Design and Social Inquiry, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
- Abstract/Description
-
With the increasing rate of violent criminal victimization, concerns about safety and prevention have begun to resonate across college campuses throughout the nation. Despite the efforts put forth by institutions of higher education to reduce fear of crime and criminal victimization, college students are subjected to coexist with the probability of crime victimization on campus. The main objective of this thesis was to explore new measures of crime prevention on college campuses. Specifically...
Show moreWith the increasing rate of violent criminal victimization, concerns about safety and prevention have begun to resonate across college campuses throughout the nation. Despite the efforts put forth by institutions of higher education to reduce fear of crime and criminal victimization, college students are subjected to coexist with the probability of crime victimization on campus. The main objective of this thesis was to explore new measures of crime prevention on college campuses. Specifically, the efforts put forth in this study were to focus on understanding the problem of property theft of personal belongings on college campuses. The findings based on Pearson correlations and multiple regression analyses indicate that students’ crime prevention awareness and behavior are highest amongst female and non- victimized students. Crime prevention behavior was best explained by awareness. Furthermore, expanded evaluation of contributing factors may lead to future crime preventive measures such as participation in crime prevention seminars.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004207, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004207
- Subject Headings
- Campus violence, College students -- Crimes against College students -- Crimes against, Crime prevention and architectural design, Universities and colleges -- Security measures
- Format
- Document (PDF)