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Developing Empathetic Responses in Third-Grade Students Through Multicultural Literature
Title
Developing Empathetic Responses in Third-Grade Students Through Multicultural Literature.
Creator
Gordon, Linda Kim, Schoorman, Dilys, Florida Atlantic University, College of Education, Department of Curriculum, Culture and Educational Inquiry
Abstract/Description
This study utilized an action research design with qualitative methods to explore the transformative potential of a multicultural literature curriculum within a general education setting. Providing young students with opportunities to develop perspective taking and empathetic responses to others who are different, offers the critical potential for reducing prejudice. Based on Allport’s (1979) contact theory, originally written in 1954, multicultural literature served as indirect contact,...
Show moreThis study utilized an action research design with qualitative methods to explore the transformative potential of a multicultural literature curriculum within a general education setting. Providing young students with opportunities to develop perspective taking and empathetic responses to others who are different, offers the critical potential for reducing prejudice. Based on Allport’s (1979) contact theory, originally written in 1954, multicultural literature served as indirect contact, providing access to characters who were different from the students. The design included the researcher’s classroom and a teacher cohort of five third grade teachers interacting with a total of 103 students in a public charter elementary school in South Florida. The selection of third graders was purposeful by the developmental window of social perspective taking identified by Selman (1980). Each teacher utilized the multicultural book set to conduct interactive read-alouds along with critical questions to support the students in understanding the settings and problems and therefore the perspective of the diverse characters. We gathered data from student work samples, audio tapes, cohort meetings, teacher journals, researcher journals, and critical friend meetings. Computer-assisted qualitative data analysis aided in the organization and handling of the quantity of data as Glasser’s (2008) constant comparative method was applied to coding through the action research recursive cycles. Emergent themes and patterns from the data demonstrated positive development in the depth of discussion through improved emotional vocabulary and new understanding of mixed emotions. The variety of storylines offered new knowledge of social justice issues such as immigration, refugees, religious tolerance, slavery, and poverty while developing vocabulary to engage in reading and discussion. The indirect contact experiences with diverse characters and the lessons provided practice in perspective taking and emotional empathy skills. This study contributes to the body of literature using multicultural literature for empathy and perspective taking development and adds to indirect contact studies for prejudice reduction by focusing on younger students and being conducted within an authentic school context.
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Date Issued
2019
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013210
Subject Headings
Third grade (Education)--Florida, Multicultural stories, Empathy in children
Format
Document (PDF)
The Effects of the Ready for Success Classroom Guidance Program on the Social-Emotional Skills and Competence, Reading Proficiency, and Promotion Rate of Third-Grade Students
Title
The Effects of the Ready for Success Classroom Guidance Program on the Social-Emotional Skills and Competence, Reading Proficiency, and Promotion Rate of Third-Grade Students.
Creator
Chanc, Ellen K., Villares, Elizabeth, Florida Atlantic University, College of Education, Department of Counselor Education
Abstract/Description
The purpose of the current outcome study was to determine the effects of the Ready for Success (RFS) classroom guidance program (Brigman & Webb, 2012) on the social-emotional skills and competence, reading proficiency, and promotion between third-grade students who received the RFS intervention (treatment group; n = 104), and third-grade students who did not receive the intervention (comparison group; n=91). Following training in the manualized RFS curriculum, certified school counselors in...
Show moreThe purpose of the current outcome study was to determine the effects of the Ready for Success (RFS) classroom guidance program (Brigman & Webb, 2012) on the social-emotional skills and competence, reading proficiency, and promotion between third-grade students who received the RFS intervention (treatment group; n = 104), and third-grade students who did not receive the intervention (comparison group; n=91). Following training in the manualized RFS curriculum, certified school counselors in the treatment group implemented five, weekly, 30-minute lessons followed by three monthly booster lessons. This study followed a quasi-experimental, non-equivalent group design. The study employed a teacher report measure of social-emotional skills and competence (i.e., Devereux Student Strengths Assessment) and a standardized formative assessment of reading proficiency (i.e., Reading Running Record). Furthermore, retention data was provided by the participating school district’s data source. Statistical significance between the groups was measured by a series of MANCOVA analyses and a Pearson’s chi-square analysis. A partial eta-squared ηp2 effect size was reported for each dependent variable. The data supported the RFS classroom guidance program as an effective Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) intervention for promoting student social-emotional skill development (i.e. selfawareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship skills, and responsible decision making) and overall social-emotional competence (SEC). This study provided support for the use of school counselor-led SEL classroom programs to promote the social-emotional development of students in the school setting. Furthermore, the study further supports the value of school counseling interventions for students in the domain of social-emotional development. Finally, the findings of this study provided empirical support for the RFS classroom guidance program as an effective SEL intervention.
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Date Issued
2018
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005992
Subject Headings
School counseling, Student success programs, Social skills, Third grade (Education)
Format
Document (PDF)
COMPARISON OF THE FLORIDA STATEWIDE ASSESSMENT TEST, THIRD AND FIFTH GRADE SKILLS AND THE DEVELOPMENTAL LEVEL OF THE THIRD AND FIFTH GRADE STUDENT
Title
A COMPARISON OF THE FLORIDA STATEWIDE ASSESSMENT TEST, THIRD AND FIFTH GRADE SKILLS AND THE DEVELOPMENTAL LEVEL OF THE THIRD AND FIFTH GRADE STUDENT.
Creator
TWITCHELL, RUTH EVERGLYN PALMER, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description
The Educational Accountability Act of 1971 established the Florida Statewide Assessment Tests. By 1978 all students in selected grades in the Florida public schools were evaluated. Fifteen percent or more of the third grade students tested failed eight of the skills presented in the 1978-79 Assessment Test, while twenty-five of the skills were failed by fifteen percent or more of the fifth grade students. The question was: Were these skills appropriate to the age of the child to whom they...
Show moreThe Educational Accountability Act of 1971 established the Florida Statewide Assessment Tests. By 1978 all students in selected grades in the Florida public schools were evaluated. Fifteen percent or more of the third grade students tested failed eight of the skills presented in the 1978-79 Assessment Test, while twenty-five of the skills were failed by fifteen percent or more of the fifth grade students. The question was: Were these skills appropriate to the age of the child to whom they were presented? A panel was randomly selected from representatives of Psychology, Education, and Pediatrics Departments of accredited Colleges and Universities in the United States. The panel members received an instrument containing each of the thirty-three skills failed by fifteen percent or more of the third and fifth grade students. Respondents entered the age interval appropriate for mastery of the skill. Results showed a significant difference among the three responding groups at the .05 level of confidence for two of the twenty-five fifth grade skills and for none of the third grade skills. The respondents indicated all of the fifth grade skills were appropriate for entry level. Two third grade skills were judged appropriate for approximately six months beyond the entry level age. Standard deviations of frequency responses showed wide variation within each group. Educators displayed the widest spread in their responses, pediatricians the least. Age intervals from eight to eleven years were chosen by members of the same discipline. Numerous verbal responses were received. Several stated subjective judgment was inappropriate for determining what children should know. Many considered mastery an improper concept since the increasing complexity of skills taught to school children requires the need to continuously reteach and reinforce material.
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Date Issued
1981
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/11792
Subject Headings
Educational tests and measurements--Florida--Evaluation, Fifth grade (Education), Third grade (Education)
Format
Document (PDF)