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Title: Direct and indirect aggression: Does choice of strategy depend on gender?.
Creator: Lago, Tania, Florida Atlantic University, Richardson, Deborah R., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Research on aggression suggests that males are more likely to be directly aggressive, whereas females are more likely to be indirectly aggressive. The present study examined the relationship of gender of aggressor and gender of target to the expression of direct and indirect aggression. Behavioral and self-report measures of direct and indirect aggression were obtained from 112 undergraduate students. Participants made more indirect than direct responses under low levels of provocation and...
Show moreResearch on aggression suggests that males are more likely to be directly aggressive, whereas females are more likely to be indirectly aggressive. The present study examined the relationship of gender of aggressor and gender of target to the expression of direct and indirect aggression. Behavioral and self-report measures of direct and indirect aggression were obtained from 112 undergraduate students. Participants made more indirect than direct responses under low levels of provocation and more direct than indirect responses under high levels of provocation. Males were the target of more direct responses than indirect responses. Males reported engaging in more direct than indirect aggression with males than with females. Females reported engaging in more indirect aggression with females than with males. Explanations consider the effects of the situational context on aggressive responding.
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Date Issued: 1996
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15257
Subject Headings: Aggressiveness, Sex differences (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: MALE/FEMALE DIFFERENCES IN GENDER IDENTITY ANXIETY - AS REFLECTED BY PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTIONS MEASURED ON A POLYGRAPH.
Creator: WAGNER, JUDITH CHURCHMAN, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: Thirty-two males and females were tested for differences in their physiological responses to gender identity questions. The responses were recorded with a polygraph and scored to give an operationally defined measure of anxiety, labeled gender identity-anxiety. Gender-sensitive questions were divided into same-sex and cross-sex questions, and nongender questions were used for comparison. Two sex role orientation tests, the Bern Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) and the Attitudes toward Women Scale ...
Show moreThirty-two males and females were tested for differences in their physiological responses to gender identity questions. The responses were recorded with a polygraph and scored to give an operationally defined measure of anxiety, labeled gender identity-anxiety. Gender-sensitive questions were divided into same-sex and cross-sex questions, and nongender questions were used for comparison. Two sex role orientation tests, the Bern Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) and the Attitudes toward Women Scale (AWS) were administered to determine if a conservative sex role orientation was associated with higher gender identity anxiety scores. Both males and females exhibited some anxiety to same-sex questions. Males demonstrated greater anxiety to cross-sex questions than did females. The BSRI did not predict, but the AWS did predict anxiety scores. Implications for the theory of femiphobia are discussed.
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Date Issued: 1986
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14306
Subject Headings: Sex differences (Psychology), Anxiety
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: FEMIPHOBIA AS MEASURED BY GENDER DIFFERENCES IN ANXIETY SCORE INCREASES FOLLOWING CROSS GENDER BEHAVIOR INSTRUCTION.
Creator: MCFARLAND, SAMUEL PERRY, JR., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: To test for gender differences in anxiety scores, forty male and forty female college students between the ages of seventeen and thirty were administered the Spielberger State Personality Inventory (SPI) before and after observing a gender-specific task demonstration. Subjects observed the task with or without opposite-gender persons present. Males in the cross-gender task showed larger increases in anxiety and anger scores than males assigned to a same-gender task, while females showed...
Show moreTo test for gender differences in anxiety scores, forty male and forty female college students between the ages of seventeen and thirty were administered the Spielberger State Personality Inventory (SPI) before and after observing a gender-specific task demonstration. Subjects observed the task with or without opposite-gender persons present. Males in the cross-gender task showed larger increases in anxiety and anger scores than males assigned to a same-gender task, while females showed decreases in anxiety and anger scores. Within the male cross-gender task, those tested with females present showed greater increases than those tested without females. Analyses involving two Semantic Differentials revealed the influence of gender and observed task on self-ratings of feelings and the attribution of feelings to opposite-gender persons.
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Date Issued: 1987
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14395
Subject Headings: Anxiety--Testing, Sex differences (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: SEX DIFFERENCES IN THE WAY CHILDREN PERCEIVE THE CONSEQUENCES OF AGGRESSION.
Creator: WEISS, ROBERT JAY, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: In the present study, 120 children participated in an experiment designed to investigate sex differences in the way children perceive the consequences of aggression. Subjects were given a 48 item questionnaire designed to measure their expectations about the consequences for aggressive behavior. Separate questionnaire Items assessed expectations for five categories of consequences which according to Bandura (1973, 1979) may play a role in maintaining aggressive behavior. These categories...
Show moreIn the present study, 120 children participated in an experiment designed to investigate sex differences in the way children perceive the consequences of aggression. Subjects were given a 48 item questionnaire designed to measure their expectations about the consequences for aggressive behavior. Separate questionnaire Items assessed expectations for five categories of consequences which according to Bandura (1973, 1979) may play a role in maintaining aggressive behavior. These categories included self-rewards, tangible rewards, victim suffering, peer approval, and parental approval. Results indicated boys expect greater self-rewards than girls for aggressive behavior. Sex of the target of aggression was also found to be an important variable in determining the perceived consequences of aggressive behavior. Children anticipated greater self-rewards and greater tangible rewards for aggressing towards female targets. They also expected greater parental disapproval and greater victim suffering for female targets. Implications for social learning theory were discussed.
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Date Issued: 1986
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14283
Subject Headings: Sex differences (Psychology) in children, Aggressiveness
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The self-socialization of gender.
Creator: Menon, Meenakshi, Florida Atlantic University, Perry, David G.
Abstract/Description: A gender self-socialization model was conceptualized, wherein gender identity and idiographic gender stereotypes conjointly influence children's adoption of gendered behavior (i.e., gender typing). Further, children differ in their beliefs of sex differences as immutable versus fluid (entity vs. incremental theory); and it was hypothesized that entity beliefs would moderate the self-socialization process. Children (N=305, M age 10.8 years) responded to gender identity, gender stereotype, and...
Show moreA gender self-socialization model was conceptualized, wherein gender identity and idiographic gender stereotypes conjointly influence children's adoption of gendered behavior (i.e., gender typing). Further, children differ in their beliefs of sex differences as immutable versus fluid (entity vs. incremental theory); and it was hypothesized that entity beliefs would moderate the self-socialization process. Children (N=305, M age 10.8 years) responded to gender identity, gender stereotype, and self-efficacy measures. Two kinds of gender typing were computed. Personal gender typing was the correlation between personal stereotypes and self-efficacy; consensus gender typing was the correlation between the same-sex peer stereotypes and self-efficacy. Results indicated that gender typicality and gender contentedness were associated with personal gender typing, and felt pressure against other-gender behavior was related to consensus gender typing. Entity theory strengthened the relation between gender identity and gender typing. Results support the self-socialization model.
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Date Issued: 2006
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13312
Subject Headings: Sex differences (Psychology), Social psychology, Gender identity, Symbolic interactionism, Personality and situation, Identity (Psychology), Sex role
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: A test of Bem's model of the development of sexual orientation.
Creator: Rouse, Priscilla Ann., Florida Atlantic University, Perry, David G.
Abstract/Description: This study tested Bem's (1996) "Exotic Becomes Erotic" theory of sexual orientation. Participants were 182 4th- through 8 th-graders. In accord with Bem's theory, sex-typing (i.e., sex-typed traits, interests, and playmate preferences) and goodness-of-fit with one's gender predicted heterosexual identity. However, goodness-of-fit did not mediate relations of sex-typing to heterosexual identity; instead, sex-typing mediated the relation of felt similarity to heterosexual identity. Implications...
Show moreThis study tested Bem's (1996) "Exotic Becomes Erotic" theory of sexual orientation. Participants were 182 4th- through 8 th-graders. In accord with Bem's theory, sex-typing (i.e., sex-typed traits, interests, and playmate preferences) and goodness-of-fit with one's gender predicted heterosexual identity. However, goodness-of-fit did not mediate relations of sex-typing to heterosexual identity; instead, sex-typing mediated the relation of felt similarity to heterosexual identity. Implications for alternative models are discussed.
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Date Issued: 2000
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12698
Subject Headings: Sex role in children, Sex differences (Psychology), Bem Sex-Role Inventory
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Dimensions of sexist beliefs and psychosocial adjustment in childhood.
Creator: Bidmead, Sarah, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: The levels of 3 dimensions of sexism and 13 measures of psychosocial adjustment were assessed in 236 children in grades 4 through 8. The adjustment measures were factor analyzed to produce 5 adjustment factors. Analysis revealed that one of the factors, peer-reported prosocial tendencies, was moderately and negatively correlated with two of three measures of sexism. This effect was more pronounced for girls than for boys. Another factor, body self-esteem, was negatively correlated with one of...
Show moreThe levels of 3 dimensions of sexism and 13 measures of psychosocial adjustment were assessed in 236 children in grades 4 through 8. The adjustment measures were factor analyzed to produce 5 adjustment factors. Analysis revealed that one of the factors, peer-reported prosocial tendencies, was moderately and negatively correlated with two of three measures of sexism. This effect was more pronounced for girls than for boys. Another factor, body self-esteem, was negatively correlated with one of the measures of sexism for girls. The findings are congruent with the view that traditionally sexist ideology may detrimentally impact children's psychosocial adjustment.
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Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/186674
Subject Headings: Adjustment (Psychology) in children, Sex differences (Psychology), Sex role in chldren, Body image, Social aspects
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The Relations of Sexist Beliefs to the Personal and Social Adjustment of Preadolescent Children.
Creator: Collins, Rebecca L., Perry, David G., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: The purpose of this thesis was to see how sexist beliefs in childhood relate to indexes of children's personal and social adjustment. We developed an instrument to study the sexist beliefs that children have regarding work, parenting, dating, and other aspects of gender roles. We predicted (and found) that having these sexist beliefs affected the sexes differently. For girls sexist beliefs were associated with reduced global self-worth and body satisfaction; and increased depression. For boys...
Show moreThe purpose of this thesis was to see how sexist beliefs in childhood relate to indexes of children's personal and social adjustment. We developed an instrument to study the sexist beliefs that children have regarding work, parenting, dating, and other aspects of gender roles. We predicted (and found) that having these sexist beliefs affected the sexes differently. For girls sexist beliefs were associated with reduced global self-worth and body satisfaction; and increased depression. For boys, sexist beliefs were associated with increased global self-worth, narcissism, externalizing behaviors, and competence in sports; and decreased depression and prosocial behavior.
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Date Issued: 2008
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000735
Subject Headings: Sex role in children, Sex differences (Psychology), Adjustment (Psychology) in children, Self in children
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Gender self-discrepancies in middle childhood: influences on children’s personal and social adjustment.
Creator: Cooper, Patrick J., Perry, David G., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: A self-discrepancy is a cognitive incompatibility between a conception of the desired self and the perception of the actual self (Higgins, 1987; Rogers & Dymond, 1954). The purpose of this dissertation is to gain a better understanding of the effects of gender self-discrepancies on the personal and social adjustment of preadolescent children. I propose that gender-related stereotypes and self-appraisals can be examined within a self-discrepancy framework. Preadolescent children (N=195)...
Show moreA self-discrepancy is a cognitive incompatibility between a conception of the desired self and the perception of the actual self (Higgins, 1987; Rogers & Dymond, 1954). The purpose of this dissertation is to gain a better understanding of the effects of gender self-discrepancies on the personal and social adjustment of preadolescent children. I propose that gender-related stereotypes and self-appraisals can be examined within a self-discrepancy framework. Preadolescent children (N=195) completed a variety of self- and peer-report questionnaires in the fall and spring of the school year. Children reported gender stereotypes and self-appraisals for four attributes (body image, athletics, dominance, and popularity). Measures of gender identity and of adjustment were also collected. Results suggested that children who possess a gender self discrepancy are at risk for maladjustment, especially internalizing difficulties and victimization by both girls and boys.
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Date Issued: 2014
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004187, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004187
Subject Headings: Adjustment (Psychology) in children, Gender identity, Identity (Psychology) in adolescence, Self actualization (Psychology), Sex differences (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Digit ratio (2D:4D) predicts communion in exploratory structural equation modeling of self-narratives.
Creator: Wong, Alexander E., Vallacher, Robin R., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Agency and communion are fundamental dimensions underlying psychological processes. Although agency and communion are coherent dimensions, their origins, nature, stability differ across theoretical framework. Common to these frameworks are gender differences in agency and communion. The present study hypothesized that because agency and communion relate to gender, they may also relate to digit ratio. The present study is important because digit ratio may offer clues on the origins and nature...
Show moreAgency and communion are fundamental dimensions underlying psychological processes. Although agency and communion are coherent dimensions, their origins, nature, stability differ across theoretical framework. Common to these frameworks are gender differences in agency and communion. The present study hypothesized that because agency and communion relate to gender, they may also relate to digit ratio. The present study is important because digit ratio may offer clues on the origins and nature of agency and communion, and their gender differences. Agency and Communion factors were extracted from implicit linguistic measures obtained by LIWC analysis of selfnarratives. Exploratory structural equation modeling indicated communion related to digit ratio in men, and gender differences in communion. Although the results supported the distal, biological influences of communion argued by evolutionary accounts, the null finding agency was not related to digit ratio, while not directly interpretable, did not contradict socialization accounts of agency.
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Date Issued: 2014
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004237
Subject Headings: Embryology, Human, Fingers -- Sex differences, Human body -- Social aspects, Psychophysiology, Self actualization (Psychology), Sex differentiation
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The job satisfaction, occupational sentiments, and work-related stress of prison wardens: results from a national survey.
Creator: DaSilva, Martina A.A., Stinchcomb, Jeanne B., Florida Atlantic University, College for Design and Social Inquiry, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
Abstract/Description: This study examined the results of the National Prison Wardens’ Survey to ascertain the levels of job satisfaction, occupational sentiments, and work-related stress among prison wardens and to establish whether these variables differed between male and female respondents. The findings indicated that wardens generally experience high levels of job satisfaction, reflect positive occupational sentiments, and report low levels of work-related stress. Additionally, results from the Chi-square...
Show moreThis study examined the results of the National Prison Wardens’ Survey to ascertain the levels of job satisfaction, occupational sentiments, and work-related stress among prison wardens and to establish whether these variables differed between male and female respondents. The findings indicated that wardens generally experience high levels of job satisfaction, reflect positive occupational sentiments, and report low levels of work-related stress. Additionally, results from the Chi-square tests and Lambda measures of association indicated that little to no relationship existed between gender and any of the explored variables.
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Date Issued: 2014
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004189, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004189
Subject Headings: Job satisfaction, Job stress, Sex differences (Psychology), Sex role in the work environment, Stereotypes (Social psychology), Stress (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Another look at gender identity in preadolescence.
Creator: Perle, Jonathan., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: This thesis examined relations of multiple dimensions of gender identity same gender typicality, other-gender typicality, gender contentedness, gender oppression, felt pressure to conform, and gender centrality) to children's adjustment (global self-worth, narcissism, depression, internalizing behaviors, externalizing behaviors, and prosocial behaviors. Participants were 237 fourth through eighth graders (108 males, 129 females; M[underscore] age = 11 years, 4 months). Each measure of gender...
Show moreThis thesis examined relations of multiple dimensions of gender identity same gender typicality, other-gender typicality, gender contentedness, gender oppression, felt pressure to conform, and gender centrality) to children's adjustment (global self-worth, narcissism, depression, internalizing behaviors, externalizing behaviors, and prosocial behaviors. Participants were 237 fourth through eighth graders (108 males, 129 females; M[underscore] age = 11 years, 4 months). Each measure of gender identity related to children's adjustment in a unique way. Findings also showed gender centrality to moderate relations of other gender identity variables to adjustment, suggesting that how central gender is to a child influences the impact of other gender self-appraisals on the child's development and adjustment.
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Date Issued: 2008
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/58008
Subject Headings: Identity (Psychology) in adolescence, Gender identity, Sex differences (Psychology), Self-esteem in adolescence
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Play, problem-solving and tool use: Individual differences in preschool children.
Creator: Gredlein, Jeffrey Michael, Florida Atlantic University, Bjorklund, David F.
Abstract/Description: While recent research has promoted play as an integral component of a child's cognitive functioning, tool-use has been relatively ignored in this discussion. It may be the case that these two abilities, especially constructive play and problem solving through the use of tools, emerging early in a child's life, have some connection in the formation of higher cognitive processing. From an evolutionary developmental perspective, three-year old children were observed in two free-play sessions and...
Show moreWhile recent research has promoted play as an integral component of a child's cognitive functioning, tool-use has been relatively ignored in this discussion. It may be the case that these two abilities, especially constructive play and problem solving through the use of tools, emerging early in a child's life, have some connection in the formation of higher cognitive processing. From an evolutionary developmental perspective, three-year old children were observed in two free-play sessions and participated in a toy-retrieval task. Results indicate boys engaged in more constructive play than girls and were more likely to use tools to solve a problem. Also, the findings suggest that the gender difference observed reflects a bias in motivation to interact with objects, with the amount of time spent in constructive play predicting performance on the tool-use task, suggesting that much of the variance in the gender difference in tool use can be attributed to experience in constructive play. This is consistent with the evolutionary theoretical idea that boys' and girls' play styles evolved to prepare them for adult life in traditional environments.
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Date Issued: 2001
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FADT12740
Subject Headings: Problem solving in children, Sex differences (Psychology) in children, Play assessment (Child psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Three new measures of gender identity: Implications for children's psychosocial development.
Creator: Egan, Susan K., Florida Atlantic University, Perry, David G.
Abstract/Description: The present dissertation introduces three new measures of gender identity and examines their relations to psychosocial adjustment (i.e., self-concept and peer acceptance) in preadolescence. The sample consisted of 182 4th- through 8th-grade children. The three measures assessed (a) feelings of overall similarity to and compatibility with one's gender (goodness-of-fit), (b) feelings of pressure to conform to sex-role stereotypes (felt pressure), and (c) belief that one's sex is superior to the...
Show moreThe present dissertation introduces three new measures of gender identity and examines their relations to psychosocial adjustment (i.e., self-concept and peer acceptance) in preadolescence. The sample consisted of 182 4th- through 8th-grade children. The three measures assessed (a) feelings of overall similarity to and compatibility with one's gender (goodness-of-fit), (b) feelings of pressure to conform to sex-role stereotypes (felt pressure), and (c) belief that one's sex is superior to the other sex (intergroup bias). Both concurrent and short-term longitudinal analyses indicated that goodness-of-fit was beneficial to psychosocial adjustment, whereas both felt pressure and intergroup bias undermined psychosocial adjustment. Furthermore, goodness-of-fit mediated many of the relations of domain-specific sex-typing measures (e.g., traits) to adjustment. The present dissertation helps identify some of the inherent limitations in previous work on gender identity, provides new insight into the relation of children's gender identity and psychosocial development, and raises suggestions for future inquiry.
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Date Issued: 1999
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12616
Subject Headings: Gender identity, Identity (Psychology) in children, Sex differences (Psychology) in children, Child development
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: More than "just a hunch": meaning, feminine intuition and television sleuths.
Creator: Dominguez, Sheela Celeste., Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, School of Communication and Multimedia Studies
Abstract/Description: The rise in popularity of the female sleuth television programs makes it important to explore representations of gender and knowledge. This investigation analyzes interpretations of intuition in the television sleuth genre and relevant paratexts, examines gendered public and private spheres and raises broader questions about gendered knowledge in the series Medium, Crossing Jordan, Law and Order: Criminal Intent, Veronica Mars, Monk, The Profiler and True Calling. Rooted in feminist cultural...
Show moreThe rise in popularity of the female sleuth television programs makes it important to explore representations of gender and knowledge. This investigation analyzes interpretations of intuition in the television sleuth genre and relevant paratexts, examines gendered public and private spheres and raises broader questions about gendered knowledge in the series Medium, Crossing Jordan, Law and Order: Criminal Intent, Veronica Mars, Monk, The Profiler and True Calling. Rooted in feminist cultural studies, historical and sociological analysis, television and film theory and work on the detective genre, this investigation establishes common frames, or filters, through which the television sleuth genre represents intuition and the gendered experience of knowledge. Women with intuition are depicted as unstable, dangerous and mentally ill. Though framed similarly, intuitive men have more freedom. This study expands on academic research on television representations of gender and knowledge. Societal implications include further understanding of meaning-making in regard to gendered knowing.
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Date Issued: 2008
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/165938
Subject Headings: Women detectives in mass media, Popular culture, History, Self-actualization (Psychology), Sex differences (Psychology), Thought and thinking, Sex differences, Women in television
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The effect of participation in the “girl talk” program on easing the transition to middle school.
Creator: Schietz, Randi J, Villares, Elizabeth, Florida Atlantic University, College of Education, Department of Counselor Education
Abstract/Description: This study measured the impact of a gender-specific school counseling curriculum, “Girl Talk” on: relational aggressive behaviors, pro-social behaviors, student connectedness, cohesiveness, and social self-efficacy. The “Girl Talk” program consists of five sessions and was delivered as part of a comprehensive school counseling program. Fifth grade girls in four elementary schools (N=151) from one large, Southeastern school district participated in the study. Girls at two elementary schools...
Show moreThis study measured the impact of a gender-specific school counseling curriculum, “Girl Talk” on: relational aggressive behaviors, pro-social behaviors, student connectedness, cohesiveness, and social self-efficacy. The “Girl Talk” program consists of five sessions and was delivered as part of a comprehensive school counseling program. Fifth grade girls in four elementary schools (N=151) from one large, Southeastern school district participated in the study. Girls at two elementary schools received the “Girl Talk” program (treatment group; n=85) and their peer counterparts (comparison group; n=66) at the two remaining schools received their regular school counseling program. A series analysis of variance and an analysis of covariance test, using an alpha level of .05, was conducted to determine if statistically significant differences existed between participants' posttest scores by group condition on the Peer Relations Questionnaire (Rigby & Slee, 1993b), My Class Inventory–Short Form Revised (Sink & Spencer, 2005), the Peers and Friends subscales of the Hemingway Measure of Pre-Adolescent Connectedness (Karcher, 2005), and the Social self-efficacy subscale of the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children (Muris, 2001). Statistically significant differences were found in the areas of relational aggressive behaviors, pro-social behaviors, student connectedness, cohesiveness, and social self-efficacy. Partial eta square effect sizes were reported for each measure. The results support the positive impact that school counselors can have when using a systemic, gender-specific classroom guidance curriculum for reducing relational aggression among pre-adolescent girls.
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Date Issued: 2014
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004328, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004328
Subject Headings: Adolescent psychology, Counseling in elementary education, Educational counseling, Educational sociology, Sex differences (Psychology), Social psychology -- Methodology, Student adjustment
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: A STUDY OF THE PERCEPTIONS HELD BY MALE AND FEMALE GRADUATE STUDENTS IN EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP TOWARD THE INFLUENCES THAT ROLE MODELS, MENTORS, AND NETWORK SYSTEMS EXERT ON CAREER DEVELOPMENT.
Creator: RUPPRATH, GLORIA WALKER., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: The Problem. The purpose of this study was to determine whether significant differences existed between the perceptions held by male and female graduate students in educational leadership toward the influences that role models, mentors, and network systems exert on educational career development. The subjects consisted of graduate students enrolled at Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, during the 1985-86 academic year who were either seeking a graduate degree in educational...
Show moreThe Problem. The purpose of this study was to determine whether significant differences existed between the perceptions held by male and female graduate students in educational leadership toward the influences that role models, mentors, and network systems exert on educational career development. The subjects consisted of graduate students enrolled at Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, during the 1985-86 academic year who were either seeking a graduate degree in educational leadership or seeking Florida State Certification in educational leadership. Procedure. A multivariate analysis of variance procedure was applied to test the hypotheses of the study to determine whether significant differences existed between the perceptions held by male and female graduate students in educational leadership on role models, mentors, and network systems of the group level. Where a significant multivariate difference was detected, a univariate analysis of variance was completed for each of the forty-five variables to detemine whether significant differences existed between the perceptions held by male and female graduate students in educational leadership at the item level. Conclusions. (1) Male and female graduate students in educational leadership exhibited significant differences in their perceptions toward role models on educational career development; (2) Male and female graduate students in educational leadership exhibited significant differences in their perceptions toward mentors in educational career development; (3) Male and female graduate students in educational leadership exhibited no significant differences in their perceptions toward network systems on educational career development.
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Date Issued: 1986
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/11879
Subject Headings: Graduate students--Florida--Boca Raton--Attitudes, Sex differences (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: What was "Behind the Green Door?": reclaiming femininity and sexual pleasure within pornography.
Creator: Williams, Faith Abigail., Harriet L. Wilkes Honors College
Abstract/Description: This project focuses on, Behind the Green Door, a film that inaugurated and in many ways defined the genre of hard-core pornography. I will examine the subversive modes of sexual behavior created and promoted by society and will argue that pornographic films actively attempt to redefine socially created notions of sexual comportment. I will then examine the notion of sexual fantasy and behavior as represented in two pornographic films, The Masseuse and The Fashionistas, in relation to the...
Show moreThis project focuses on, Behind the Green Door, a film that inaugurated and in many ways defined the genre of hard-core pornography. I will examine the subversive modes of sexual behavior created and promoted by society and will argue that pornographic films actively attempt to redefine socially created notions of sexual comportment. I will then examine the notion of sexual fantasy and behavior as represented in two pornographic films, The Masseuse and The Fashionistas, in relation to the models of sexual comportment present in Behind the Green Door. Specifically, I will study the work of two female pornographic stars, Jenna Jameson and Belladonna, and discuss the manner in which their work has reclaimed the notion of femininity and the necessity for female sexual pleasure by presenting women as sexually empowered beings able controlling and creating sexual scenarios specifically designed to garner physical pleasure.
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Date Issued: 2007
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/40974
Subject Headings: Sex differences (Psychology), Pornography, Social aspects, Feminism, Sex role
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Gender, sports, and adjustment in preadolescent children.
Creator: Cooper, Patrick J., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: The fact that 45% of boys and 32% of girls in the United States participate in youth sports suggests that sports participation might be an important influence on children's psychosocial development. This study explored: (1) how children's gender cognitions influence sports self-efficacy and (2) how sports self-efficacy influences children's psychosocial adjustment. Results suggest that for boys, felt pressure to conform to gender standards and the belief that sports is important for boys...
Show moreThe fact that 45% of boys and 32% of girls in the United States participate in youth sports suggests that sports participation might be an important influence on children's psychosocial development. This study explored: (1) how children's gender cognitions influence sports self-efficacy and (2) how sports self-efficacy influences children's psychosocial adjustment. Results suggest that for boys, felt pressure to conform to gender standards and the belief that sports is important for boys influence sports self-efficacy. In girls, both the belief that sports is important for girls and the belief that sports is important for boys predicted sports self-efficacy. Sports self-efficacy predicted benefits for girls adjustment (high self-esteem, higher body satisfaction, lower depression and lower anxiety) but both positive and negative outcomes for boys (higher narcissism, higher aggression, and lower depression and lower anxiety). The findings overall suggest that the correlates of sports self-efficacy are somewhat different for boys and for girls.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/1927605
Subject Headings: Physical education and training, Psychological aspects, Sports, Psychological aspects, Adjustment (Psychology) in children, Sex differences (Psychology), Gender identity, Identity (Psychology) in adolescence
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Narcissism, perceptions of peer relationships, and target-specific aggression in middle childhood.
Creator: Anderson, Chelsie., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: This study examined how narcissism affects preadolescent children's choices of peer targets for aggression. Based on the idea that narcissists have a grandiose sense of self that requires nourishment, we hypothesized that narcissistic children are especially likely to attack peers who threaten, or fail to nourish, their grandiose self. We assessed narcissism and the degree to which each child's aggression toward peers depended on (a) the child's perceived liking by each peer, (b) the child's...
Show moreThis study examined how narcissism affects preadolescent children's choices of peer targets for aggression. Based on the idea that narcissists have a grandiose sense of self that requires nourishment, we hypothesized that narcissistic children are especially likely to attack peers who threaten, or fail to nourish, their grandiose self. We assessed narcissism and the degree to which each child's aggression toward peers depended on (a) the child's perceived liking by each peer, (b) the child's liking of each peer, (c) each peer's actual liking of the child, and (d) the child's perceived similarity to each peer. Participants were 197 children in the fourth through eighth grades at a university school. Narcissism predicted the four types of target-specific aggression in disparate ways for boys and girls. Narcissistic boys were especially likely to direct aggression toward male peers whom (a) they perceived as disliking them, (b) they disliked, and (c) they perceived as dissimilar to themselves. Narcissistic girls were especially likely to attack female peers whom they perceived as similar to themselves. Narcissism may enhance different motives for boys and girls in same-sex peer relatinships. We propose that narcissism enhances investment in status and rivalry amoung girls while enhancing the motive to attack dissimilar peers among boys.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3356886
Subject Headings: Identity (Psychology) in children, Adjustment (Psychology), Sex differences (Psychology), Affect (Psychology), Aggressiveness, Narcissism, Philosophy, Interpersonal relations in children, Social interaction in children, Self-esteem in children
Format: Document (PDF)

FAU Theses and Dissertations (22)	+ -
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Sex differences (Psychology) (18)	+ -
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