Current Search: Sex Psychology (x)
View All Items
Pages
- Title
- Thinking about sexual behavior: Action identification and sex education.
- Creator
- Busenbarrick, Elizabeth F., Florida Atlantic University, Vallacher, Robin R.
- Abstract/Description
-
Action identification theory asserts that people undertake action with a particular identity for what they are doing, and that this identity is resistant to change. Emergence of a new understanding of action occurs when the person thinks about some detail of the action and is then exposed to a new higher level identity for the act. To test the emergence hypothesis with respect to sexual behavior, subjects were asked to think about having sex and list either the high level aspects (i.e.,...
Show moreAction identification theory asserts that people undertake action with a particular identity for what they are doing, and that this identity is resistant to change. Emergence of a new understanding of action occurs when the person thinks about some detail of the action and is then exposed to a new higher level identity for the act. To test the emergence hypothesis with respect to sexual behavior, subjects were asked to think about having sex and list either the high level aspects (i.e., consequences and implications of having sex) or lower level aspects (i.e., details of having sex). Subjects then read an article identifying sex as responsible behavior or physical pleasure. As predicted, subjects induced to think about the act of having sex in terms of its details expressed their cognitive representation of the act in a way which conformed with the target emergent identity (pleasure or responsibility) to which they were exposed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1989
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14557
- Subject Headings
- Sex (Psychology), Intentionalism, Sex, Sex instruction
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Direct and indirect aggression: Does choice of strategy depend on gender?.
- Creator
- Lago, Tania, Florida Atlantic University, Richardson, Deborah R., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
Research on aggression suggests that males are more likely to be directly aggressive, whereas females are more likely to be indirectly aggressive. The present study examined the relationship of gender of aggressor and gender of target to the expression of direct and indirect aggression. Behavioral and self-report measures of direct and indirect aggression were obtained from 112 undergraduate students. Participants made more indirect than direct responses under low levels of provocation and...
Show moreResearch on aggression suggests that males are more likely to be directly aggressive, whereas females are more likely to be indirectly aggressive. The present study examined the relationship of gender of aggressor and gender of target to the expression of direct and indirect aggression. Behavioral and self-report measures of direct and indirect aggression were obtained from 112 undergraduate students. Participants made more indirect than direct responses under low levels of provocation and more direct than indirect responses under high levels of provocation. Males were the target of more direct responses than indirect responses. Males reported engaging in more direct than indirect aggression with males than with females. Females reported engaging in more indirect aggression with females than with males. Explanations consider the effects of the situational context on aggressive responding.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1996
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15257
- Subject Headings
- Aggressiveness, Sex differences (Psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- MALE/FEMALE DIFFERENCES IN GENDER IDENTITY ANXIETY - AS REFLECTED BY PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTIONS MEASURED ON A POLYGRAPH.
- Creator
- WAGNER, JUDITH CHURCHMAN, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
Thirty-two males and females were tested for differences in their physiological responses to gender identity questions. The responses were recorded with a polygraph and scored to give an operationally defined measure of anxiety, labeled gender identity-anxiety. Gender-sensitive questions were divided into same-sex and cross-sex questions, and nongender questions were used for comparison. Two sex role orientation tests, the Bern Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) and the Attitudes toward Women Scale ...
Show moreThirty-two males and females were tested for differences in their physiological responses to gender identity questions. The responses were recorded with a polygraph and scored to give an operationally defined measure of anxiety, labeled gender identity-anxiety. Gender-sensitive questions were divided into same-sex and cross-sex questions, and nongender questions were used for comparison. Two sex role orientation tests, the Bern Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) and the Attitudes toward Women Scale (AWS) were administered to determine if a conservative sex role orientation was associated with higher gender identity anxiety scores. Both males and females exhibited some anxiety to same-sex questions. Males demonstrated greater anxiety to cross-sex questions than did females. The BSRI did not predict, but the AWS did predict anxiety scores. Implications for the theory of femiphobia are discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1986
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14306
- Subject Headings
- Sex differences (Psychology), Anxiety
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The self-socialization of gender.
- Creator
- Menon, Meenakshi, Florida Atlantic University, Perry, David G.
- Abstract/Description
-
A gender self-socialization model was conceptualized, wherein gender identity and idiographic gender stereotypes conjointly influence children's adoption of gendered behavior (i.e., gender typing). Further, children differ in their beliefs of sex differences as immutable versus fluid (entity vs. incremental theory); and it was hypothesized that entity beliefs would moderate the self-socialization process. Children (N=305, M age 10.8 years) responded to gender identity, gender stereotype, and...
Show moreA gender self-socialization model was conceptualized, wherein gender identity and idiographic gender stereotypes conjointly influence children's adoption of gendered behavior (i.e., gender typing). Further, children differ in their beliefs of sex differences as immutable versus fluid (entity vs. incremental theory); and it was hypothesized that entity beliefs would moderate the self-socialization process. Children (N=305, M age 10.8 years) responded to gender identity, gender stereotype, and self-efficacy measures. Two kinds of gender typing were computed. Personal gender typing was the correlation between personal stereotypes and self-efficacy; consensus gender typing was the correlation between the same-sex peer stereotypes and self-efficacy. Results indicated that gender typicality and gender contentedness were associated with personal gender typing, and felt pressure against other-gender behavior was related to consensus gender typing. Entity theory strengthened the relation between gender identity and gender typing. Results support the self-socialization model.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2006
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13312
- Subject Headings
- Sex differences (Psychology), Social psychology, Gender identity, Symbolic interactionism, Personality and situation, Identity (Psychology), Sex role
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Gorgeous Gold Peacocks: Exploring Masculinity in Professional Wrestling.
- Creator
- Karasick, Scott Philip, Harvey, Mark, Florida Atlantic University, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of Sociology
- Abstract/Description
-
This thesis is a historical comprehensive case study on masculinity that explores stereotypes of masculinity in professional wrestling. Working from theories about gender roles, hegemonic masculinity, misogyny (with its disdain for femininity) and heteronormativity, this study utilizes a content analysis of American professional wrestling to look at the gendered basis of how and why wrestling characters are created and how they are successful. Professional wrestlers historically have created...
Show moreThis thesis is a historical comprehensive case study on masculinity that explores stereotypes of masculinity in professional wrestling. Working from theories about gender roles, hegemonic masculinity, misogyny (with its disdain for femininity) and heteronormativity, this study utilizes a content analysis of American professional wrestling to look at the gendered basis of how and why wrestling characters are created and how they are successful. Professional wrestlers historically have created characters based in American popular cultures and specifically American gender ideologies of masculinity that are based in hetero-patriarchal cultural ideals. By looking through the history of masculinity and gender stereotypes in professional wrestling, I uncover how contemporary wrestlers are reworking these stereotypes to create new characters with changing gender inflections based on global cultural ideals, rather than American culture, demonstrating the influence global culture and the globalized wrestling community has on contemporary American wrestling.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2019
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013223
- Subject Headings
- Wrestling, Masculinity, Sex role, Stereotypes (Social psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- FEMIPHOBIA AS MEASURED BY GENDER DIFFERENCES IN ANXIETY SCORE INCREASES FOLLOWING CROSS GENDER BEHAVIOR INSTRUCTION.
- Creator
- MCFARLAND, SAMUEL PERRY, JR., Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
To test for gender differences in anxiety scores, forty male and forty female college students between the ages of seventeen and thirty were administered the Spielberger State Personality Inventory (SPI) before and after observing a gender-specific task demonstration. Subjects observed the task with or without opposite-gender persons present. Males in the cross-gender task showed larger increases in anxiety and anger scores than males assigned to a same-gender task, while females showed...
Show moreTo test for gender differences in anxiety scores, forty male and forty female college students between the ages of seventeen and thirty were administered the Spielberger State Personality Inventory (SPI) before and after observing a gender-specific task demonstration. Subjects observed the task with or without opposite-gender persons present. Males in the cross-gender task showed larger increases in anxiety and anger scores than males assigned to a same-gender task, while females showed decreases in anxiety and anger scores. Within the male cross-gender task, those tested with females present showed greater increases than those tested without females. Analyses involving two Semantic Differentials revealed the influence of gender and observed task on self-ratings of feelings and the attribution of feelings to opposite-gender persons.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1987
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14395
- Subject Headings
- Anxiety--Testing, Sex differences (Psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- SEX DIFFERENCES IN THE WAY CHILDREN PERCEIVE THE CONSEQUENCES OF AGGRESSION.
- Creator
- WEISS, ROBERT JAY, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
In the present study, 120 children participated in an experiment designed to investigate sex differences in the way children perceive the consequences of aggression. Subjects were given a 48 item questionnaire designed to measure their expectations about the consequences for aggressive behavior. Separate questionnaire Items assessed expectations for five categories of consequences which according to Bandura (1973, 1979) may play a role in maintaining aggressive behavior. These categories...
Show moreIn the present study, 120 children participated in an experiment designed to investigate sex differences in the way children perceive the consequences of aggression. Subjects were given a 48 item questionnaire designed to measure their expectations about the consequences for aggressive behavior. Separate questionnaire Items assessed expectations for five categories of consequences which according to Bandura (1973, 1979) may play a role in maintaining aggressive behavior. These categories included self-rewards, tangible rewards, victim suffering, peer approval, and parental approval. Results indicated boys expect greater self-rewards than girls for aggressive behavior. Sex of the target of aggression was also found to be an important variable in determining the perceived consequences of aggressive behavior. Children anticipated greater self-rewards and greater tangible rewards for aggressing towards female targets. They also expected greater parental disapproval and greater victim suffering for female targets. Implications for social learning theory were discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1986
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14283
- Subject Headings
- Sex differences (Psychology) in children, Aggressiveness
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- A test of Bem's model of the development of sexual orientation.
- Creator
- Rouse, Priscilla Ann., Florida Atlantic University, Perry, David G.
- Abstract/Description
-
This study tested Bem's (1996) "Exotic Becomes Erotic" theory of sexual orientation. Participants were 182 4th- through 8 th-graders. In accord with Bem's theory, sex-typing (i.e., sex-typed traits, interests, and playmate preferences) and goodness-of-fit with one's gender predicted heterosexual identity. However, goodness-of-fit did not mediate relations of sex-typing to heterosexual identity; instead, sex-typing mediated the relation of felt similarity to heterosexual identity. Implications...
Show moreThis study tested Bem's (1996) "Exotic Becomes Erotic" theory of sexual orientation. Participants were 182 4th- through 8 th-graders. In accord with Bem's theory, sex-typing (i.e., sex-typed traits, interests, and playmate preferences) and goodness-of-fit with one's gender predicted heterosexual identity. However, goodness-of-fit did not mediate relations of sex-typing to heterosexual identity; instead, sex-typing mediated the relation of felt similarity to heterosexual identity. Implications for alternative models are discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2000
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12698
- Subject Headings
- Sex role in children, Sex differences (Psychology), Bem Sex-Role Inventory
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Changes in components of children’s self-reported gender identity over time.
- Creator
- Jackson, Emily, Perry, David G., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
In past gender identity research, little attention has been paid to the determinants of the various dimensions of gender identity (felt pressure for gender differentiation, gender contentedness, and within-gender typicality). This study examined whether children’s self-perceptions and social behaviors influence changes in gender identity over time. One hundred and ninety-five fourth- through seventh-graders completed self-report and peer-report questionnaires during the fall and spring of a...
Show moreIn past gender identity research, little attention has been paid to the determinants of the various dimensions of gender identity (felt pressure for gender differentiation, gender contentedness, and within-gender typicality). This study examined whether children’s self-perceptions and social behaviors influence changes in gender identity over time. One hundred and ninety-five fourth- through seventh-graders completed self-report and peer-report questionnaires during the fall and spring of a school year. This study found that both felt pressure for gender differentiation and within-gender typicality are fluid, rather than stable, constructs during childhood. It also found that sex plays a significant role in not only which constructs influence gender identity, but which components of gender identity are influenced.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA0004027
- Subject Headings
- Gender identity -- Psychological aspects, Self perception in adolescence, Sex (Psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Human mate poaching: How frequent is it and what motivates it?.
- Creator
- Davies, Alastair P. C., Florida Atlantic University, Shackelford, Todd K.
- Abstract/Description
-
Mate poaching occurs when an individual has sexual relations with the romantic partner of another. In Study A, I investigated the prevalence of mate poaching by presenting participants with questions whose devising was informed by a stricter definition of mate poaching than that employed by earlier studies. As expected, relative to participants in earlier studies, the current participants reported fewer experiences of mate poaching. In Study B, I investigated the likelihood that the benefits...
Show moreMate poaching occurs when an individual has sexual relations with the romantic partner of another. In Study A, I investigated the prevalence of mate poaching by presenting participants with questions whose devising was informed by a stricter definition of mate poaching than that employed by earlier studies. As expected, relative to participants in earlier studies, the current participants reported fewer experiences of mate poaching. In Study B, I investigated the likelihood that the benefits and costs of mate poaching will, respectively, motivate participants to poach or will deter them from doing so. Results indicated that for males and females to be motivated to poach, the attached individual must be more attractive than the unattached individual.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2005
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13247
- Subject Headings
- Man-woman relationships, Sex (Psychology), Adultery, Commitment (Psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Dimensions of sexist beliefs and psychosocial adjustment in childhood.
- Creator
- Bidmead, Sarah, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
The levels of 3 dimensions of sexism and 13 measures of psychosocial adjustment were assessed in 236 children in grades 4 through 8. The adjustment measures were factor analyzed to produce 5 adjustment factors. Analysis revealed that one of the factors, peer-reported prosocial tendencies, was moderately and negatively correlated with two of three measures of sexism. This effect was more pronounced for girls than for boys. Another factor, body self-esteem, was negatively correlated with one of...
Show moreThe levels of 3 dimensions of sexism and 13 measures of psychosocial adjustment were assessed in 236 children in grades 4 through 8. The adjustment measures were factor analyzed to produce 5 adjustment factors. Analysis revealed that one of the factors, peer-reported prosocial tendencies, was moderately and negatively correlated with two of three measures of sexism. This effect was more pronounced for girls than for boys. Another factor, body self-esteem, was negatively correlated with one of the measures of sexism for girls. The findings are congruent with the view that traditionally sexist ideology may detrimentally impact children's psychosocial adjustment.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2009
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/186674
- Subject Headings
- Adjustment (Psychology) in children, Sex differences (Psychology), Sex role in chldren, Body image, Social aspects
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Seeking health: the lived experience of being in recovery from sex addiction.
- Creator
- Mundy, Lawren., Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing
- Abstract/Description
-
individuals who self-identify as sex addicts, unique health and social consequences are not well understood because of factors, such as stigma. It is important that the nursing community understand this phenomenon to address, understand, and provide sensitive and meaningful care. However, there is limited research on this topic. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experience of individuals who self-identify as sex addicts. Through snowball sampling, five men and five women...
Show moreindividuals who self-identify as sex addicts, unique health and social consequences are not well understood because of factors, such as stigma. It is important that the nursing community understand this phenomenon to address, understand, and provide sensitive and meaningful care. However, there is limited research on this topic. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experience of individuals who self-identify as sex addicts. Through snowball sampling, five men and five women between 27 to 45 years old, and older. participated in the phenomenological study. Meaning units and themes were revealed through the participants' experiences as follows: A Connecting with Others: 1. Reaching Out 2. Seeking Shared Understanding 3. Connecting with Your Higher Power B Managing Stigma: 1. Revealing Concealing C Integrating the Past for Recovery: 1. Reflecting Triggers 2. Overcoming Powerlessness. D Being Vigilant: 1. Intentional Refocusing 2. Living an Honest Life E Giving of Oneself: 1. Informing Others 2. Doing Service. The overall structure synthesized from the meaning units and themes was: "The lived experience of seeking health in recovery from sex addiction is dancing on the outer circle, connected to a community that understands fear, shame and the struggle to remain vigilant for pitfalls while intentionally refocusing on living an honest life of giving and receiving." Seeking health incorporates a holistic, community involved, multifaceted approach to recovery. Understanding how individuals seek health in recovery provides a framework to impart meaningful, sensitive nursing care.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3360955
- Subject Headings
- Sex addiction, Sex addicts, Rehabilitation, Relationship addiction, Treatment, Control (Psychology), Love, Psychological aspects
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The Relations of Sexist Beliefs to the Personal and Social Adjustment of Preadolescent Children.
- Creator
- Collins, Rebecca L., Perry, David G., Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
The purpose of this thesis was to see how sexist beliefs in childhood relate to indexes of children's personal and social adjustment. We developed an instrument to study the sexist beliefs that children have regarding work, parenting, dating, and other aspects of gender roles. We predicted (and found) that having these sexist beliefs affected the sexes differently. For girls sexist beliefs were associated with reduced global self-worth and body satisfaction; and increased depression. For boys...
Show moreThe purpose of this thesis was to see how sexist beliefs in childhood relate to indexes of children's personal and social adjustment. We developed an instrument to study the sexist beliefs that children have regarding work, parenting, dating, and other aspects of gender roles. We predicted (and found) that having these sexist beliefs affected the sexes differently. For girls sexist beliefs were associated with reduced global self-worth and body satisfaction; and increased depression. For boys, sexist beliefs were associated with increased global self-worth, narcissism, externalizing behaviors, and competence in sports; and decreased depression and prosocial behavior.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2008
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000735
- Subject Headings
- Sex role in children, Sex differences (Psychology), Adjustment (Psychology) in children, Self in children
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Gender self-discrepancies in middle childhood: influences on children’s personal and social adjustment.
- Creator
- Cooper, Patrick J., Perry, David G., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
A self-discrepancy is a cognitive incompatibility between a conception of the desired self and the perception of the actual self (Higgins, 1987; Rogers & Dymond, 1954). The purpose of this dissertation is to gain a better understanding of the effects of gender self-discrepancies on the personal and social adjustment of preadolescent children. I propose that gender-related stereotypes and self-appraisals can be examined within a self-discrepancy framework. Preadolescent children (N=195)...
Show moreA self-discrepancy is a cognitive incompatibility between a conception of the desired self and the perception of the actual self (Higgins, 1987; Rogers & Dymond, 1954). The purpose of this dissertation is to gain a better understanding of the effects of gender self-discrepancies on the personal and social adjustment of preadolescent children. I propose that gender-related stereotypes and self-appraisals can be examined within a self-discrepancy framework. Preadolescent children (N=195) completed a variety of self- and peer-report questionnaires in the fall and spring of the school year. Children reported gender stereotypes and self-appraisals for four attributes (body image, athletics, dominance, and popularity). Measures of gender identity and of adjustment were also collected. Results suggested that children who possess a gender self discrepancy are at risk for maladjustment, especially internalizing difficulties and victimization by both girls and boys.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004187, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004187
- Subject Headings
- Adjustment (Psychology) in children, Gender identity, Identity (Psychology) in adolescence, Self actualization (Psychology), Sex differences (Psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The job satisfaction, occupational sentiments, and work-related stress of prison wardens: results from a national survey.
- Creator
- DaSilva, Martina A.A., Stinchcomb, Jeanne B., Florida Atlantic University, College for Design and Social Inquiry, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
- Abstract/Description
-
This study examined the results of the National Prison Wardens’ Survey to ascertain the levels of job satisfaction, occupational sentiments, and work-related stress among prison wardens and to establish whether these variables differed between male and female respondents. The findings indicated that wardens generally experience high levels of job satisfaction, reflect positive occupational sentiments, and report low levels of work-related stress. Additionally, results from the Chi-square...
Show moreThis study examined the results of the National Prison Wardens’ Survey to ascertain the levels of job satisfaction, occupational sentiments, and work-related stress among prison wardens and to establish whether these variables differed between male and female respondents. The findings indicated that wardens generally experience high levels of job satisfaction, reflect positive occupational sentiments, and report low levels of work-related stress. Additionally, results from the Chi-square tests and Lambda measures of association indicated that little to no relationship existed between gender and any of the explored variables.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004189, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004189
- Subject Headings
- Job satisfaction, Job stress, Sex differences (Psychology), Sex role in the work environment, Stereotypes (Social psychology), Stress (Psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Digit ratio (2D:4D) predicts communion in exploratory structural equation modeling of self-narratives.
- Creator
- Wong, Alexander E., Vallacher, Robin R., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
Agency and communion are fundamental dimensions underlying psychological processes. Although agency and communion are coherent dimensions, their origins, nature, stability differ across theoretical framework. Common to these frameworks are gender differences in agency and communion. The present study hypothesized that because agency and communion relate to gender, they may also relate to digit ratio. The present study is important because digit ratio may offer clues on the origins and nature...
Show moreAgency and communion are fundamental dimensions underlying psychological processes. Although agency and communion are coherent dimensions, their origins, nature, stability differ across theoretical framework. Common to these frameworks are gender differences in agency and communion. The present study hypothesized that because agency and communion relate to gender, they may also relate to digit ratio. The present study is important because digit ratio may offer clues on the origins and nature of agency and communion, and their gender differences. Agency and Communion factors were extracted from implicit linguistic measures obtained by LIWC analysis of selfnarratives. Exploratory structural equation modeling indicated communion related to digit ratio in men, and gender differences in communion. Although the results supported the distal, biological influences of communion argued by evolutionary accounts, the null finding agency was not related to digit ratio, while not directly interpretable, did not contradict socialization accounts of agency.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004237
- Subject Headings
- Embryology, Human, Fingers -- Sex differences, Human body -- Social aspects, Psychophysiology, Self actualization (Psychology), Sex differentiation
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Evolutionary psychological perspectives on men's partner-directed violence in context of perceived partner infidelity.
- Creator
- Kaighobadi, Farnaz., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
Evolutionary psychology offers a framework for investigating the design of evolved information-processing mechanisms that motivate costly behaviors such as men's partner-directed violence. The current research investigated predictors of and individual differences in men's intimate- partner-directed violence from an evolutionary psychological perspective. The problem of paternity uncertainty is hypothesized to have selected for the emotion of male sexual jealousy, which in turn motivates men's...
Show moreEvolutionary psychology offers a framework for investigating the design of evolved information-processing mechanisms that motivate costly behaviors such as men's partner-directed violence. The current research investigated predictors of and individual differences in men's intimate- partner-directed violence from an evolutionary psychological perspective. The problem of paternity uncertainty is hypothesized to have selected for the emotion of male sexual jealousy, which in turn motivates men's nonviolent and violent mate-retention behaviors. Study 1 documented a hierarchy of behaviors initiated with men's suspicions of partner infidelity leading to men's engagement in frequent non-violent mate-retention behaviors, ending in men's partner-directed violence. Study 2 documented an interaction between men's personality traits and the context of perceived partner infidelity risk to predict men's perpetration of violence. Finally, Study 3 extended Studies 1 and 2 by building a causal cascade model that captures the hierarchy of adaptive behaviors in order of: (1) men's childhood experiences with their parents' parental effort, (2) men's adaptive life history strategies and behavioral self-regulation, (3) men's perceptions of partner infidelity risk, and (4) men's non-violent mate retention behaviors, conclusively predicting men's perpetration of violence in intimate relationships.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2011
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3183125
- Subject Headings
- Evolutionary psychology, Man-woman relationships, Abusive men, Psychology, Sex roles, Behaviorism (Psychology), Social aspects, Violence in men, Intimacy (Psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Another look at gender identity in preadolescence.
- Creator
- Perle, Jonathan., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
This thesis examined relations of multiple dimensions of gender identity same gender typicality, other-gender typicality, gender contentedness, gender oppression, felt pressure to conform, and gender centrality) to children's adjustment (global self-worth, narcissism, depression, internalizing behaviors, externalizing behaviors, and prosocial behaviors. Participants were 237 fourth through eighth graders (108 males, 129 females; M[underscore] age = 11 years, 4 months). Each measure of gender...
Show moreThis thesis examined relations of multiple dimensions of gender identity same gender typicality, other-gender typicality, gender contentedness, gender oppression, felt pressure to conform, and gender centrality) to children's adjustment (global self-worth, narcissism, depression, internalizing behaviors, externalizing behaviors, and prosocial behaviors. Participants were 237 fourth through eighth graders (108 males, 129 females; M[underscore] age = 11 years, 4 months). Each measure of gender identity related to children's adjustment in a unique way. Findings also showed gender centrality to moderate relations of other gender identity variables to adjustment, suggesting that how central gender is to a child influences the impact of other gender self-appraisals on the child's development and adjustment.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2008
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/58008
- Subject Headings
- Identity (Psychology) in adolescence, Gender identity, Sex differences (Psychology), Self-esteem in adolescence
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Identity, power, and ritual "rape play" in the S/M community.
- Creator
- Halena, Megan., Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Center for Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies
- Abstract/Description
-
Rape play is a type of consensual, ritualistic domination and submission, developed and enacted in a sado-masochistic (S/M) sex culture, which involves the appearance of force. There are two feminist theories that can be employed in a feminist analysis of rape play: dominance/radical feminism and libertarian/"sex positive" feminism. Libertarian/"sex positive" feminism holds that S/M, including rape play, is potentially compatible with feminism because the power dynamic between a dominant/...
Show moreRape play is a type of consensual, ritualistic domination and submission, developed and enacted in a sado-masochistic (S/M) sex culture, which involves the appearance of force. There are two feminist theories that can be employed in a feminist analysis of rape play: dominance/radical feminism and libertarian/"sex positive" feminism. Libertarian/"sex positive" feminism holds that S/M, including rape play, is potentially compatible with feminism because the power dynamic between a dominant/"rapist" and submissive/"victim" does not draw on either practitioners' actual social identity and the power it possesses or lacks. Dominance/radical feminism argues that gender, which is socially constructed, can best be understood as a form of sexualized domination and submission, so social identity could not be dissociated from power in S/M. My reading of guidebooks and narratives about rape play suggests that the dominance/radical feminist position is more accurate in the case of rape play, though not necessarily all of S/M culture.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2011
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3183128
- Subject Headings
- Sadomasochism, Sexual dominance and submission, Sex role, Dominance (Psychology), Identity (Psychology), Feminist theory
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Play, problem-solving and tool use: Individual differences in preschool children.
- Creator
- Gredlein, Jeffrey Michael, Florida Atlantic University, Bjorklund, David F.
- Abstract/Description
-
While recent research has promoted play as an integral component of a child's cognitive functioning, tool-use has been relatively ignored in this discussion. It may be the case that these two abilities, especially constructive play and problem solving through the use of tools, emerging early in a child's life, have some connection in the formation of higher cognitive processing. From an evolutionary developmental perspective, three-year old children were observed in two free-play sessions and...
Show moreWhile recent research has promoted play as an integral component of a child's cognitive functioning, tool-use has been relatively ignored in this discussion. It may be the case that these two abilities, especially constructive play and problem solving through the use of tools, emerging early in a child's life, have some connection in the formation of higher cognitive processing. From an evolutionary developmental perspective, three-year old children were observed in two free-play sessions and participated in a toy-retrieval task. Results indicate boys engaged in more constructive play than girls and were more likely to use tools to solve a problem. Also, the findings suggest that the gender difference observed reflects a bias in motivation to interact with objects, with the amount of time spent in constructive play predicting performance on the tool-use task, suggesting that much of the variance in the gender difference in tool use can be attributed to experience in constructive play. This is consistent with the evolutionary theoretical idea that boys' and girls' play styles evolved to prepare them for adult life in traditional environments.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2001
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FADT12740
- Subject Headings
- Problem solving in children, Sex differences (Psychology) in children, Play assessment (Child psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)