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Bullying in schools
Title
Bullying in schools: the role of empathy, temperament, and emotion regulation.
Creator
Gagnon, Chantal M., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description
Peer aggression and bullying are significant problems for children in American schools. While a large body of research has been conducted in this area, none to date has examined the combined roles of temperament (behavioral activation system, or BAS, and behavioral inhibition system, or BIS), and empathy in predicting participation in bullying interactions. Previous research has found that low empathy facilitates aggressive behavior, while high empathy inhibits it, and has linked poor emotion...
Show morePeer aggression and bullying are significant problems for children in American schools. While a large body of research has been conducted in this area, none to date has examined the combined roles of temperament (behavioral activation system, or BAS, and behavioral inhibition system, or BIS), and empathy in predicting participation in bullying interactions. Previous research has found that low empathy facilitates aggressive behavior, while high empathy inhibits it, and has linked poor emotion regulation to conduct disorders. Thus, if these factors can predict behaviors towards peers, they may also predict (independently and in combination) involvement in bullying, specifically the roles assumed in those interactions - that is: bully, victim, bully-victim (a child who is both bully and victim), or defender/protector. The present study tested 226 middle school students on a measure of empathy (Interpersonal Reactivity Index), and a measure of temperament (BIS/BAS Scales). The students also completed a Peer Nomination Inventory to identify children who were aggressive toward others, victimized by peers, and/or protected peers from bullies. Although not all predictions were supported, results showed that certain sub-components of empathy, such as empathic concern (affective empathy) and personal distress (a measure of emotion regulation) predicted the behavior of "pure bullies" (bullies who are not themselves victimized), but not of other aggressive children such as bully-victims. High BAS drive and low BIS were significant predictors of aggressive behavior, and BAS reward responsiveness predicted protective behavior. Victimized children had higher fantasy (ability to identify with fictional characters) and lower perspective-taking (cognitive empathy) skills, and tended not to have overlapping characteristics and behaviors with protective children., These characteristics did not interact significantly with each other or with age, gender, ethnicity, or SES of students. It was concluded that pure bullies lack affective empathy, and victims lack cognitive empathy. That is, empathy is multidimensional and empathy deficits vary in type, but all lead to some form of socioemotional impairment. Furthermore, aggressive victims are a unique sub-group of children with unique characteristics.
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Date Issued
2012
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3342106
Subject Headings
Bullying in schools, Prevention, Bullying, Prevention, School violence, Prevention, Aggressiveness in children, Violence, Psychological aspects, Violence, Social aspects
Format
Document (PDF)
Academic and demographic variables as predictors of gang activity in school
Title
Academic and demographic variables as predictors of gang activity in school.
Creator
Thornton, Linda H., Florida Atlantic University, Morris, John D., Gray, Mary B.
Abstract/Description
A two-group predictive discriminant analysis was used to develop a model to predict youth gang activity among students in an urban school district in south central United States. The predictors were selected from age, race, gender, grade repeats, reading comprehension achievement test scores, and changes in school and school district (uprootedness). Data were obtained from elementary school records of 285 grade nine students (151 male and 134 female) in two junior high schools. Ethnic...
Show moreA two-group predictive discriminant analysis was used to develop a model to predict youth gang activity among students in an urban school district in south central United States. The predictors were selected from age, race, gender, grade repeats, reading comprehension achievement test scores, and changes in school and school district (uprootedness). Data were obtained from elementary school records of 285 grade nine students (151 male and 134 female) in two junior high schools. Ethnic minorities comprised 75.4% of the sample. Gang involvement data were provided by the school district security department. Data were analyzed using SPSS-X and a FORTRAN computer program by Morris and Meshbane (1995). All possible subsets of predictor variables were examined using leave-one-out cross-validation accuracy estimates. Although no models classified both gang and nongang students with greater accuracy than proportional chance expectations, a model consisting of gender, grade repeats, and school and school district changes (uprootedness) yielded significant classification accuracy for gang students, (z = 12.07, p <.05).
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Date Issued
1995
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12429
Subject Headings
Gangs--United States, Juvenile delinquency, School violence
Format
Document (PDF)
Elementary school teachers’ perceptions of bullying and antibullying curriculum: a qualitative case study
Title
Elementary school teachers’ perceptions of bullying and antibullying curriculum: a qualitative case study.
Creator
Moosai, Vikaash, Hyslop-Margison, Emery, Weber, Roberta K., Florida Atlantic University, College of Education, Department of Curriculum, Culture, and Educational Inquiry
Abstract/Description
Numerous studies examining bullying among elementary school students and anti-bullying curricula and programs are available in educational literature. However, little research examines the perceptions of elementary teachers and guidance counselors regarding implementing the curriculum. To address this gap in the literature, my case study focused on three elementary schools and 21 participants (18 teachers and three guidance counselors) in South Florida and their perceptions on bullying and...
Show moreNumerous studies examining bullying among elementary school students and anti-bullying curricula and programs are available in educational literature. However, little research examines the perceptions of elementary teachers and guidance counselors regarding implementing the curriculum. To address this gap in the literature, my case study focused on three elementary schools and 21 participants (18 teachers and three guidance counselors) in South Florida and their perceptions on bullying and the antibullying curriculum implemented during the 2011 school year. The data collected included approximately 50 hours of interviews and the disaggregation of each school’s discipline summary report. There were two major themes that emerged from the study. The first theme (elementary school bullying) addressed the individuals responsible for addressing bullying, the outcomes of bullying, the characterisitcs of a bully, the locations of bullying, and the reasons why bullying occurs. The second theme (elementary school anti-bullying curriculua) addressed the professional development offered and what is needed, the components within an anti-bullying curriculum and what is needed, and the ways in which special needs students are addressed through an anti-bullying curriculum.
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Date Issued
2014
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004310
Subject Headings
Aggressiveness in children -- Prevention, Bullying in schools -- Prevention -- Case studies, Curriculum planning, School violence -- Study and teaching (Elementary)
Format
Document (PDF)
Post-September 11, 2001 through Pre-Virginia Tech Massacre, April 16, 2007: The Status of Crisis Management Preparedness as Perceived by University Student Affairs Administrators in Selected NASPA Member Institutions
Title
Post-September 11, 2001 through Pre-Virginia Tech Massacre, April 16, 2007: The Status of Crisis Management Preparedness as Perceived by University Student Affairs Administrators in Selected NASPA Member Institutions.
Creator
Catullo, Linda A., Floyd, Deborah L., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description
Research for this study was conducted to assess the post-September 11, 2001 and pre-April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech Massacre level of crisis preparedness in higher education from the perspective of chief student affairs administrators in residential universities. In this study, institutional preparedness was determined by comparing scores and results from an instrument developed to measure preparedness for the dissertation titled, "Institutional Preparedness to Respond to Campus Crises as...
Show moreResearch for this study was conducted to assess the post-September 11, 2001 and pre-April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech Massacre level of crisis preparedness in higher education from the perspective of chief student affairs administrators in residential universities. In this study, institutional preparedness was determined by comparing scores and results from an instrument developed to measure preparedness for the dissertation titled, "Institutional Preparedness to Respond to Campus Crises as Perceived by Student Affairs Administrators in Selected NASPA Member Institutions" (Zdziarski, 2001). The research was conducted using survey research methodology and the methodology employed was quantitative. Specifically, the research employed population survey methods to assess the current state of crisis preparedness and measured institutional preparedness against four critical factors including: (a) types of crises prepared for, (b) the phases of crisis prepared for, (c) the crisis systems in place, and (d) the stakeholders included in preparing for crisis. The population selected for this study included residential universities that: (a) were doctoral degree granting institutions; (b) had a total enrollment of 5,000 students or more in the spring 2007 semester; (c) had residence halls; and (d) were institutional voting members of NASPA in the spring 2007 semester. This study examined a capsule of time between the September 11, 2001 attacks and the August 16, 2007 Virginia Tech Massacre. This study found that chief student affairs professionals at residential universities perceive themselves to be prepared to respond to crises on campus; they believe great strides have been made since the 2001 study to increase preparedness to handle crises. However, post completion of this research the Virginia Tech Massacre made it abundantly clear that there are many complicated facets of crisis preparation on residential university campuses that professionals may not be prepared to handle and the need to be proactive has never been greater.
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Date Issued
2008
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000656
Subject Headings
Emergency management--Evaluation, School crisis management--Evaluation, Universities and colleges--Security measures, Campus violence--Prevention
Format
Document (PDF)