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Improved design methods for evaluating the performance of landfill double liner systems
Title
Improved design methods for evaluating the performance of landfill double liner systems.
Creator
Shivashankar, Mirle R., Florida Atlantic University, Fluet, J. E. Jr., Reddy, Dronnadula V., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
Abstract/Description
Many modern landfills are constructed with double liner systems. Leachate leakage rates through double liner systems are calculated using recently developed formulations which are theoretically correct for leakage detection system (LDS) materials that have unrestricted lateral flow properties. But their applicability to geonets, the most commonly used LDS material, has yet to be determined. In double liner systems, the leakage through the primary liner, the properties of the LDS material, and...
Show moreMany modern landfills are constructed with double liner systems. Leachate leakage rates through double liner systems are calculated using recently developed formulations which are theoretically correct for leakage detection system (LDS) materials that have unrestricted lateral flow properties. But their applicability to geonets, the most commonly used LDS material, has yet to be determined. In double liner systems, the leakage through the primary liner, the properties of the LDS material, and the slope of the LDS determine the flow patterns in the LDS. These flow patterns are then used to determine the amount of leachate, if any, which leaks through the bottom liner into the ground. This thesis describes the experimental determination of the flow patterns in the geonets and their relationships to established design formulations.
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Date Issued
1995
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15197
Subject Headings
Sanitary landfills--Leaching, Sanitary landfills--Linings, Geosynthetics
Format
Document (PDF)
Safe Discharge of Landfill Leachate to the Environment
Title
Safe Discharge of Landfill Leachate to the Environment.
Creator
Lakner, Joseph, Meeroff, Daniel E., Florida Atlantic University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatics Engineering
Abstract/Description
The objective of this research was to determine if mature landfill leachate could be treated to a level so that it was safe to discharge to the environment. The treatment method was an Advanced Oxidation Process. The process utilized Titanium Dioxide and UV. Three different reactor types were used, falling film, flow through and falling film + Electron Magnetic Oxygen Hydrogen (EMOH). To improve removal pre-treatment with titanium dioxide settling were conducted in conjunction with treatment...
Show moreThe objective of this research was to determine if mature landfill leachate could be treated to a level so that it was safe to discharge to the environment. The treatment method was an Advanced Oxidation Process. The process utilized Titanium Dioxide and UV. Three different reactor types were used, falling film, flow through and falling film + Electron Magnetic Oxygen Hydrogen (EMOH). To improve removal pre-treatment with titanium dioxide settling were conducted in conjunction with treatment in a reactor. The best removal was obtained with pre-treatment with titanium dioxide settling, followed by the falling film + EMOH reactor. In 8 hours, removal was 63% for COD, 53% for ammonia, 73% for alkalinity and 98% for calcium hardness. The kinetics found in this experiment show that full treatment times for safe discharge vary between contaminates. For complete removal of all tested contaminates to safe discharge regulations requires 185 hour of treatment.
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Date Issued
2015
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004515, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004515
Subject Headings
Hazardous wastes -- Biodegradation, Leachate -- Purification, Oxidation, Phytoremediation, Sanitary landfills -- Health aspects, Sanitary landfills -- Leaching -- Environmental aspects, Sanitary landfills -- Management, Titanium dioxide -- Industrial applications
Format
Document (PDF)
CRITICAL EVALUATION OF LEACHATE CLOGGING POTENTIAL IN GRAVITY COLLECTION SYSTEMS AND MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS
Title
CRITICAL EVALUATION OF LEACHATE CLOGGING POTENTIAL IN GRAVITY COLLECTION SYSTEMS AND MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS.
Creator
Shaha, Bishow Nath, Meeroff, Daniel E., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatics Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science
Abstract/Description
Leachate clogging in the Leachate Collection System (LCS) due to chemical precipitations and biofilms produced by microbial activities is a common phenomenon in any Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) landfill. This study focuses on quantifying the factors that impact the micro-environment of leachate; and microbial activities that help the precipitates to form and attach to the LCS. It also evaluates the performance of operational changes that have been implemented or the potential alternatives and...
Show moreLeachate clogging in the Leachate Collection System (LCS) due to chemical precipitations and biofilms produced by microbial activities is a common phenomenon in any Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) landfill. This study focuses on quantifying the factors that impact the micro-environment of leachate; and microbial activities that help the precipitates to form and attach to the LCS. It also evaluates the performance of operational changes that have been implemented or the potential alternatives and recommends the possible measures to reduce the severity of clogging. A field scale side-by-side pipe network, and several laboratory setups were used in this study. Calcite is identified to be the predominant phase present in the precipitates using XRD/XRF analysis which, concur with the previous studies. Microbial growth and activities enhance the precipitation of CaCO3 in LCS. Clogging in LCS pipes can be controlled if not eliminated by continuous monitoring along with frequent cleaning with physiochemical processes.
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Date Issued
2020
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013493
Subject Headings
Leachate, Solid waste management, Sanitary landfills, Calcite, Leachate--Purification
Format
Document (PDF)
Alternative uses for urban landfill sites as illustrated by the city of Lake Worth, Florida
Title
Alternative uses for urban landfill sites as illustrated by the city of Lake Worth, Florida.
Creator
Breese, Edgar Floyd., Florida Atlantic University, Schultz, Ronald R., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Geosciences
Abstract/Description
Today, many municipalities are confronted with a situation whereby their landfills are facing mandatory closure. The topic of post-closure uses for these sites is addressed in this paper through a review of other closed sites and an indepth analysis of the two study sites in Lake Worth, Florida. The review of converted sites indicates a strong preference of municipalities to transform these trash sites into recreational facilities. The indepth analysis of the two study sites involved an...
Show moreToday, many municipalities are confronted with a situation whereby their landfills are facing mandatory closure. The topic of post-closure uses for these sites is addressed in this paper through a review of other closed sites and an indepth analysis of the two study sites in Lake Worth, Florida. The review of converted sites indicates a strong preference of municipalities to transform these trash sites into recreational facilities. The indepth analysis of the two study sites involved an examination of the closure restrictions, inherent characteristics of landfills including the creation of methane gas, possible groundwater contamination and settlement of the waste, and inventory of surrounding land uses including history and current site conditions. This analysis concluded that a recreational conversion at both sites was not only feasible but the best use for the two sites resulting in the development of two conceptual plans for each location.
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Date Issued
1988
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14430
Subject Headings
Land use, Urban--Florida--Lake Worth, Sanitary landfills--Florida--Lake Worth
Format
Document (PDF)
evaluation of the U.S.E.P.A. model MULTIMED and applicability to hydrogeologic conditions in Florida
Title
An evaluation of the U.S.E.P.A. model MULTIMED and applicability to hydrogeologic conditions in Florida.
Creator
Martin, Robert Floyd, Jr., Florida Atlantic University, Restrepo, Jorge I.
Abstract/Description
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's program, MULTIMED, was evaluated using a parametric analysis and result comparisons the with programs MODFLOW and MT3D. The validity and accuracy of the MULTIMED model results were determined and independent parameter sensitivities identified. The dilution calculations in the model are sensitive to several parameters. A parameter determined critical is the seepage velocity which is used in the transport calculations of the model, as well as a "Near...
Show moreThe U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's program, MULTIMED, was evaluated using a parametric analysis and result comparisons the with programs MODFLOW and MT3D. The validity and accuracy of the MULTIMED model results were determined and independent parameter sensitivities identified. The dilution calculations in the model are sensitive to several parameters. A parameter determined critical is the seepage velocity which is used in the transport calculations of the model, as well as a "Near Mixing Factor". Under Florida's aquifer conditions, the Near Mixing Factor as calculated in the model is susceptible to overestimating the dilution of the initial concentration due to relatively high recharge rates and low hydraulic conductivities. Florida's aquifer conditions also typically result in Near Mixing Factor values greater than one, for which the model's analytical solutions are not valid.
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Date Issued
1995
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15158
Subject Headings
Sanitary landfills--Leaching--Computer simulation, Environmental Sciences, Groundwater flow--Florida
Format
Document (PDF)
effect of compressive creep on the structural integrity and drainage capacity of landfill lining systems
Title
The effect of compressive creep on the structural integrity and drainage capacity of landfill lining systems.
Creator
Daniel, Ellen C. Hendrix., Florida Atlantic University, Reddy, Dronnadula V.
Abstract/Description
Landfilling, by all indications, will continue to be the predominant method of solid waste disposal. Traditional civil engineering drainage medium (i.e. sand or gravel) are being replaced by geosynthetics which are much thinner in an effort to create more usable volume for waste. This study examines the effect of compressive creep of geonets as used in leachate collection and detection systems, and how it affects in-plane drainage. HDPE geonet was subjected to a compressive load of 110 psi....
Show moreLandfilling, by all indications, will continue to be the predominant method of solid waste disposal. Traditional civil engineering drainage medium (i.e. sand or gravel) are being replaced by geosynthetics which are much thinner in an effort to create more usable volume for waste. This study examines the effect of compressive creep of geonets as used in leachate collection and detection systems, and how it affects in-plane drainage. HDPE geonet was subjected to a compressive load of 110 psi. The in plane flow rate of municipal solid waste leachate was measured, as well as the change in thickness, for 120 days. In addition, geonet samples were placed between two pieces of HDPE geomembrane. These samples were subjected to a normal load of 140 psi for 120 days. The samples were then inspected for sign of geonet imprint into the geonet, or for strand layover.
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Date Issued
1995
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15229
Subject Headings
Waste disposal in the ground, Sanitary landfills--Linings, Leachate, Geosynthetics
Format
Document (PDF)
role of monitoring wells in modern landfill designs
Title
The role of monitoring wells in modern landfill designs.
Creator
Reddi, Vinod Jayasankar, Florida Atlantic University, Fluet, J. E. Jr., Scarlatos, Panagiotis (Pete) D., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
Abstract/Description
Modem technology has led to a new generation of landfill liner systems that are highly efficient at intercepting and removing leachate. Many of the modem liner systems are so effective that little or no leakage occurs through the liner systems. What leakage may occur is so minimal that, although it can be theoretically predicted, it cannot be measured, i.e., the resulting groundwater concentrations are well beneath minimum detection levels of available monitoring well technology. In addition...
Show moreModem technology has led to a new generation of landfill liner systems that are highly efficient at intercepting and removing leachate. Many of the modem liner systems are so effective that little or no leakage occurs through the liner systems. What leakage may occur is so minimal that, although it can be theoretically predicted, it cannot be measured, i.e., the resulting groundwater concentrations are well beneath minimum detection levels of available monitoring well technology. In addition to being highly effective, some modem liner systems are constructed with two liners separated by a drainage medium which detects and removes any leakage through the top liner. These significant improvements in liner system technology have led many landfill designers, operators, and regulators to question the necessity for current monitoring well practices. Currently, landfills are required to have a large number of monitoring wells, and the associated large installation, sampling, and testing costs are inevitably reflected in higher tipping fees or higher taxes. In either case, the costs are borne by the public. If the number and frequency of sampling of monitoring wells could be reduced, significant cost savings could be realized, and the money saved could perhaps be better spent elsewhere. This thesis reports the results of research conducted at eleven landfills constructed with modem landfill liner systems to determine the actual and probable efficacy of the role o: monitoring wells, and conducts a cost-saving analysis to evaluate whether funds would have been better spent elsewhere.
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Date Issued
1994
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15019
Subject Headings
Fills (Earthwork), Leachate, Sanitary landfills--Linings, Waste disposal in the ground
Format
Document (PDF)
Municipal solid waste (landfills)
Title
Municipal solid waste (landfills).
Creator
Arcaya, Victor, Popova, Daniela
Date Issued
2012-04-06
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3350936
Subject Headings
Refuse and refuse disposal, Compost plants, Sanitary landfills, Recycling (Waste, etc.), Source reduction (Waste management), Waste minimization, Municipal solid waste, Landfill
Format
Document (PDF)
Treatment of landfill leachate via advanced oxidation
Title
Treatment of landfill leachate via advanced oxidation.
Creator
McBarnette, Andrâe., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatics Engineering
Abstract/Description
A landfill is in a reserved space on land used for the disposal of refuse by utilizing the principles of engineering to confine the refuse to the smallest practical area to prevent the creation of nuisances to public health or safety (Andersen et al. 1967). However, because landfills are open to the atmosphere, rainfall can saturate them, resulting in a liquid called leachate. Leachate generated within the landfill contains suspended solids, soluble components of the waste and by-products...
Show moreA landfill is in a reserved space on land used for the disposal of refuse by utilizing the principles of engineering to confine the refuse to the smallest practical area to prevent the creation of nuisances to public health or safety (Andersen et al. 1967). However, because landfills are open to the atmosphere, rainfall can saturate them, resulting in a liquid called leachate. Leachate generated within the landfill contains suspended solids, soluble components of the waste and by-products from the degradation of the waste by various micro-organisms. Treatment of leachate is an emerging area of need. In this manuscript the main purpose is to investigate a laboratory scale batch reactor that is able to detoxify and treat leachate by using an advanced oxidation process (i.e. TiO2). Based on the results obtained from this ground breaking research, it appears that the process investigate has the potential to radically change the way landfill leachate is treated. Scale up may provide direction that can be used to improve the efficiency of the different stages of toxicity of leachate during the entire life of a landfill.
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Date Issued
2011
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3318665
Subject Headings
Sanitary landfills, Leaching, Environmental aspects, Refuse and refuse disposal, Environmental aspects, Integrated solid waste management, Water, Purification, Oxidation
Format
Document (PDF)
Optimization of TiO2 photocatalyst in an advanced oxidation process for the treatment of landfill leachate
Title
Optimization of TiO2 photocatalyst in an advanced oxidation process for the treatment of landfill leachate.
Creator
Youngman, Frank., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatics Engineering
Abstract/Description
Since the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) began requiring landfills to implement a leachate collection system in 1991, the proper disposal of leachate has become a growing concern. The potential toxicity of landfill leachate will contaminate groundwater and soil if not managed properly. Research has been made in efforts to manage leachate in a cost-effective, single treatment process. Photocatalytic oxidation is an advanced oxidation process (AOP) which has shown ability...
Show moreSince the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) began requiring landfills to implement a leachate collection system in 1991, the proper disposal of leachate has become a growing concern. The potential toxicity of landfill leachate will contaminate groundwater and soil if not managed properly. Research has been made in efforts to manage leachate in a cost-effective, single treatment process. Photocatalytic oxidation is an advanced oxidation process (AOP) which has shown ability to reduce toxicity of an array of leachate constituents including organics, inorganics and heavy metals. The purpose of this manuscript is to scale up the batch scale study of TiO2 photocatalytic degradation of leachate utilizing a pilot scale falling film reactor. In this research project, the use of UV/TiO2 for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia, alkalinity and color will be studied in order to optimize catalyst dosage, determine pH effects and reaction kinetics and develop preliminary cost estimates.
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Date Issued
2013
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3361260
Subject Headings
Sanitary landfills, Leaching, Environmental aspects, Refuse and refuse disposal, Environmental aspects, Integrated solid waste management, Leachate, Purification, Hazardous wastes, Biodegradation
Format
Document (PDF)
Stability Analysis of Geosynthetic Reinforced MSW Landfill Slopes Considering Effects of Biodegradation and Extreme Wind Loading
Title
Stability Analysis of Geosynthetic Reinforced MSW Landfill Slopes Considering Effects of Biodegradation and Extreme Wind Loading.
Creator
Pant, Sharmila, Sobhan, Khaled, Florida Atlantic University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatics Engineering
Abstract/Description
A numerical investigation was conducted to evaluate the geotechnical safety and slope stability of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) landfills, considering the effects of geosynthetic reinforcements, biodegradation of the waste, and associated changes in material properties, and extreme wind force simulating hurricane conditions. Three different landfill slopes, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 having the height of 122m and width of 2134m, were analyzed using Limit Equilibrium Method (SLOPE/W) and Finite Element...
Show moreA numerical investigation was conducted to evaluate the geotechnical safety and slope stability of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) landfills, considering the effects of geosynthetic reinforcements, biodegradation of the waste, and associated changes in material properties, and extreme wind force simulating hurricane conditions. Three different landfill slopes, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 having the height of 122m and width of 2134m, were analyzed using Limit Equilibrium Method (SLOPE/W) and Finite Element Modeling (ANSYS). Techniques developed in this study were used to analyze a case history involving a geogrid reinforced mixed landfill expansion located in Austria. It was found that few years after construction of the landfill, there is a significant decrease in the FS due to biodegradation. Extreme wind loading was also found to cause a substantial loss in the FS. The geosynthetic reinforcement increased the slope stability and approximately compensated for the damaging effects of biodegradation and wind loading.
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Date Issued
2016
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004707, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004707
Subject Headings
Engineering geology -- Mathematical models, Fills (Earthwork), Geogrids -- Performance, Geosynthetics, Reinforced soils, Retaining walls -- Performance, Sanitary landfills, Slopes (Soil mechanics) -- Stability, Soil stabilization, Structural analysis (Engineering)
Format
Document (PDF)
Photochemical Iron-Mediated Aeration Treatment of Landfill Leachate
Title
Photochemical Iron-Mediated Aeration Treatment of Landfill Leachate.
Creator
Gasnier, Francois, Meeroff, Daniel E., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description
Landfilling is the most common method of solid waste disposal in the United States. However, a reported issue with landfill management is the production of leachate, which is a wastewater that is typically too strong to be discharged to municipal wastewater treatment facilities. After reviewing the performance of existing leachate treatment methods, it is clear that an understanding of emerging issues and an all-inclusive solution to long-term management of leachate is currently not available...
Show moreLandfilling is the most common method of solid waste disposal in the United States. However, a reported issue with landfill management is the production of leachate, which is a wastewater that is typically too strong to be discharged to municipal wastewater treatment facilities. After reviewing the performance of existing leachate treatment methods, it is clear that an understanding of emerging issues and an all-inclusive solution to long-term management of leachate is currently not available. The goal of this project is to address the lack of viable and sustainable engineering alternatives for handling leachate. One such futuristic technology is called Photochemical Iron Mediated Aeration (PIMA). Based on the Iron Mediated Aeration process, the PIMA process involves the combined oxidation effect of hydroxyl radicals and ultraviolet radiation with the air stripping potential of aeration. The experiments conducted demonstrated promising results but also the lack of maturity of this technique.
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Date Issued
2007
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00012518
Subject Headings
Sanitary landfills--Leaching--Environmental aspects, Refuse and refuse disposal--Environmental aspects, Water--Purification--Filtration, Integrated solid waste management
Format
Document (PDF)
Innovative Expansion of Landfill Capacity Using Geogrid Reinforcements
Title
Innovative Expansion of Landfill Capacity Using Geogrid Reinforcements.
Creator
Templeton, R. Hayes, Sobhan, Khaled, Florida Atlantic University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatics Engineering
Abstract/Description
An analytical investigation was conducted to evaluate the geotechnical safety and stability of MSW landfills constructed with significantly steepened slopes achieved through geosynthetic reinforcement. The primary motivation for this endeavor was to propose a new design/construction methodology for innovative expansion of landfill capacity. A 2-D plane strain linear elastic analysis was performed with ANSYS finite element software on full-scale MSW landfill structures (with and without...
Show moreAn analytical investigation was conducted to evaluate the geotechnical safety and stability of MSW landfills constructed with significantly steepened slopes achieved through geosynthetic reinforcement. The primary motivation for this endeavor was to propose a new design/construction methodology for innovative expansion of landfill capacity. A 2-D plane strain linear elastic analysis was performed with ANSYS finite element software on full-scale MSW landfill structures (with and without geogrids), having slopes of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3. Both local and global factors of safety were determined employing the Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria, and compared with traditional solutions using the Bishop's Modified Method. It was found that the landfill slopes could be steepened up to 1:1 using geogrid reinforcement, resulting in higher storage capacity and consequential environmental and economic benefits.
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Date Issued
2007
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00012561
Subject Headings
Sanitary landfills--Design and construction, Refuse and refuse disposal, Soil mechanics--Mathematical models, Geosynthetics--Mathematical models, Soil stabilization
Format
Document (PDF)