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Power, instability and regulatory focus
Title
Power, instability and regulatory focus: uncovering a hidden motivation for the maintenance and resolution of conflict.
Creator
Trew, Noel J.M., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description
This thesis applies Higgins (1997) Regulatory Focus Theory to the study of conflict by exploring the relationship between power and promotion vs. prevention orientation. After considering the earlier work of Keltner, Gruenfeld & Anderson (2003) that established the considerable effect that power has on approach and avoidance behaviors, the present research shows that this link also applies to regulatory focus. In this study, participants had their sense of power experimentally manipulated by...
Show moreThis thesis applies Higgins (1997) Regulatory Focus Theory to the study of conflict by exploring the relationship between power and promotion vs. prevention orientation. After considering the earlier work of Keltner, Gruenfeld & Anderson (2003) that established the considerable effect that power has on approach and avoidance behaviors, the present research shows that this link also applies to regulatory focus. In this study, participants had their sense of power experimentally manipulated by a set of vignettes and then answered follow-up questions to determine what effect this had on their regulatory focus orientation. Results indicated that high power is associated with a promotion focus, while low power, a prevention focus. The implication of these findings were discussed and were integrated with the work of Cesario, Higgins & Scholer (2008) on regulatory fit and persuasion to create a novel strategy for conflict resolution.
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Date Issued
2009
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/369388
Subject Headings
Conflict management, Conflict (Psychology), Attribution (Social psychology), Power (Social sciences), Self, Social aspects
Format
Document (PDF)
Changing cooperation to competition disrupts attitudes and valence
Title
Changing cooperation to competition disrupts attitudes and valence: first test of a dynamical model.
Creator
Michaels, Jay L., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description
With the cessation of cooperation between groups or individuals comes the threat that temporary competition transforms into destructive intractable conflict. To better understand how intractable conflicts develop, Liebovitch, Naudot, Vallacher, Nowak, Bui-Wrzosinksa, and Coleman (2008) recently developed a non-linear model of two-actor cooperation-competition incorporating interaction feedback and valence. This study tested their model's predictions by investigating attitude and valence...
Show moreWith the cessation of cooperation between groups or individuals comes the threat that temporary competition transforms into destructive intractable conflict. To better understand how intractable conflicts develop, Liebovitch, Naudot, Vallacher, Nowak, Bui-Wrzosinksa, and Coleman (2008) recently developed a non-linear model of two-actor cooperation-competition incorporating interaction feedback and valence. This study tested their model's predictions by investigating attitude and valence change depending on whether a social exchange was cooperative or competitive. Participants experiencing an exchange that switched from cooperation to competition exhibited greater attitude change than participants in the control or the continuously competitive interaction condition and more valence change than the control or competition switching to cooperation condition. These results support the model's prediction that greater attitude and valence fluctuation manifests in interactions transitioning from cooperation to competition, providing the first verification of the model. These findings offer new insights into how human cooperation and competition evolve over time.
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Date Issued
2009
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/369196
Subject Headings
Conflict management, Power (Social sciences), Social psychology, Collective behavior, Interpersonal relations
Format
Document (PDF)
Examining the governance and administration of public higher education in Florida: An exploratory study of organizational elite theory
Title
Examining the governance and administration of public higher education in Florida: An exploratory study of organizational elite theory.
Creator
O'Flannery, Jennifer Lunardini, Florida Atlantic University, Farazmand, Ali
Abstract/Description
Who has power and control over education, one of the most treasured and significant values of American society? This study examines the presence of the elite power structure in higher education and how organizations are used as instruments of institutional power. The research questions consider the manner in which elites are involved in the policy process and governance, the reasons why elites are so involved in Florida's public higher education, and how elites convey and implement their...
Show moreWho has power and control over education, one of the most treasured and significant values of American society? This study examines the presence of the elite power structure in higher education and how organizations are used as instruments of institutional power. The research questions consider the manner in which elites are involved in the policy process and governance, the reasons why elites are so involved in Florida's public higher education, and how elites convey and implement their priorities and values. An exploratory research approach examines the presence of Farazmand's (1994, 1999) concept of organizational elites by combining qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. The findings support the research propositions. The reason for governance change builds on three factors throughout which power and control persist, a change in membership of the State Cabinet, the Governor's desire to be accountable for education policy, and a lack of confidence in the existing governance system. Trustees advocate for their university and education in general through alumni programs, fundraising, political affiliations, business and research partnerships, and other university and community college boards. Trustees are successful business people, savvy politicians, and well connected to state political leaders. They recognize their collective assets as influence with the Florida legislature, bringing financial order and accountability, and increasing funding and resources. The existence of organizational elites and their effect are seen in several areas: lack of knowledge of trustee meetings and decisions; limited communications, a perceived disconnect between faculty and trustees, a budget process perceived as not being transparent, and a level of decision making at which most staff members are not participants. This study suggests boards work to enhance and improve their communication, outreach, professionalism, and faculty relations. Trustees, elected officials and state leaders must work to resolve the power and organization of the Board of Governors.
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Date Issued
2005
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12145
Subject Headings
Elite (Social sciences)--Florida, Educational sociology--Florida, Power (Social sciences)--Florida, School management and organization--Florida
Format
Document (PDF)
Foucault's techniques of power in street-level organizations
Title
Foucault's techniques of power in street-level organizations.
Creator
McGinn, Kathleen A., Florida Atlantic University, Miller, Hugh T.
Abstract/Description
This study uses Foucault's (1979, 1983, 1995) theoretical work as a guide in examining relation of power and resistance within the unique context of street-level bureaucracies (Lipsky, 1980). It explores relationships by asking how employees and managers are objectified within street level organizations, if there are any similarities in objectifications across organizations providing different government services, and how these objectifications intersect within relations of power and...
Show moreThis study uses Foucault's (1979, 1983, 1995) theoretical work as a guide in examining relation of power and resistance within the unique context of street-level bureaucracies (Lipsky, 1980). It explores relationships by asking how employees and managers are objectified within street level organizations, if there are any similarities in objectifications across organizations providing different government services, and how these objectifications intersect within relations of power and resistance. As an artifact of the relations of power between street-level bureaucrats and managers, ten purposively selected collectively bargained contract documents from public organizations in Florida are analyzed in this research. Ethnographic Content Analysis (Altheide, 1996) was used to study the collective bargaining agreements selected, with phrases from the documents serving as the unit of analysis. Using Foucault's (1979, 1983a, 1995) descriptions of techniques of power as a guide, four specific protocol matrices were developed, tested and then used to collect and code phrases as illustrative of one or more techniques of power. The results of the analysis are first summarized using displays and matrices. Then, rich illustrations from the data is are discussed in detail, using Foucault's categories of normalization, individualization, panopticism and pastoralism as a framework for presentation. Results of this research demonstrate that, in the collective bargaining agreements analyzed, both 'managers' and 'employees' are objectified in ways that were similar across all of the documents studied. Through techniques of power as theorized by Foucault, 'managers', 'employees', and 'union representatives' are produced, but also constrained as well. The collective bargaining agreements in this analysis serve to 'fix' relationships between these two objectifications that are discursively affirmed as unequal. Constrained by this 'reality', any potential for changing relationships between managers and employees through prescriptions that ask street-level bureaucrats to be 'leaders'; "responsible choice-makers" (Vinzant & Crothers, 1998, p. 154) rather than policy implementers simply carrying out management directives are largely futile. As persuasive as these ideas might be, within the context of this project it is impossible to think of employees in terms of 'leader', given the objectifications of 'employee' and 'manager' found in the documents analyzed.
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Date Issued
2006
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12193
Subject Headings
Foucault, Michel,--1926-1984--Criticism and interpretation, Interorganizational relations, Power (Philosophy), Power (Social sciences), Control (Psychology)
Format
Document (PDF)
Building Cosmopolitical Solidarity from the Antigone: A Return to the Chorus
Title
Building Cosmopolitical Solidarity from the Antigone: A Return to the Chorus.
Creator
McCarthy, Rebecca L., Hokenson, Jan W., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description
“Building Cosmopolitical Solidarity from the Antigone.” takes an in-depth look at how the Antigone by Sophocles has been used by social movements and social/politically concerned playwrights, theorists and activists as either a tool for discursive and performative resistance, or as a way to reinforce status-quo state rule since at least the Enlightenment to present day. I argue that Sophocles’ characters Creon and Antigone are not ideal images for social movements who seek a cosmopolitical...
Show more“Building Cosmopolitical Solidarity from the Antigone.” takes an in-depth look at how the Antigone by Sophocles has been used by social movements and social/politically concerned playwrights, theorists and activists as either a tool for discursive and performative resistance, or as a way to reinforce status-quo state rule since at least the Enlightenment to present day. I argue that Sophocles’ characters Creon and Antigone are not ideal images for social movements who seek a cosmopolitical democracy. Rather it is to Sophocles’ Chorus and the Watchman that we must turn when proposing democratic cosmopolitanism. Thus, a new communication approach is proposed: a choral dialogue driven by pragmatic logic and employing an aesthetic, often comedic, improvisational experience. Further, this work strives to unite theories from social science, social movement theory, rhetoric, philosophy and theatre. Its aim is to offer practical tools for social movements who wish to gain international, cosmopolitical, stature and to encourage a progressive democratic space. Core study groups include the Project for a New American Century, Reverend Billy and the Church of Stop Shopping, ACT-UP, and the Clandestine Insurgent Rebel Clown Army.
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Date Issued
2007
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000986
Subject Headings
Sophocles--Antigone, Greek drama (Tragedy)--Criticism and interpretation, Cultural relativism--United States, Political science--Philosophy, Power (Social sciences), Drama--Chorus (Greek drama)
Format
Document (PDF)
miseducation of Hugo Chavez
Title
The miseducation of Hugo Chavez: political learning and populism in Latin America.
Creator
Fertitta, David., Harriet L. Wilkes Honors College
Abstract/Description
This project examines the role of political learning in predicting the recent rise of left-of-center governments in Latin America, ranging from moderate center-left coalition governments to one-party populist regimes. Studies of populism consistently point to the role of natural resources and economic crises in predicting the rise of populist regimes. This study adds the concept of political learning by using measures of moderation in the current regime as a dependent variable and measures of...
Show moreThis project examines the role of political learning in predicting the recent rise of left-of-center governments in Latin America, ranging from moderate center-left coalition governments to one-party populist regimes. Studies of populism consistently point to the role of natural resources and economic crises in predicting the rise of populist regimes. This study adds the concept of political learning by using measures of moderation in the current regime as a dependent variable and measures of oppression in earlier regimes as independent variables. Utilizing case studies of Venezuela and Chile as ideal types and plotting ten further cases on indicators of repression, military spending, corporate tax rates, government spending, the percent of votes going to moderates, and economic freedom scores from Freedom House, I argue that the likelihood of the rise of populist regimes is greater in countries that have not experienced the sort of intense political repression that generates political learning.
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Date Issued
2010
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3335021
Subject Headings
Power (Social sciences), Populism, Politics and government, Politics and government
Format
Document (PDF)
Between Rock Cairns And Charm Stones: An Examination Of Women’s Access To Healing Roles In California Hunter-Gatherer Groups
Title
Between Rock Cairns And Charm Stones: An Examination Of Women’s Access To Healing Roles In California Hunter-Gatherer Groups.
Creator
Hampton, Ashley, Brown, Susan Love, Florida Atlantic University, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of Anthropology
Abstract/Description
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the validity of previous theories concerning women’s access to roles of power within hunter-gatherer societies. This study examines how accurately immanent social identity theory and bifurcated role circumstantiality predict women’s access to the role of healer (shaman) within California hunter-gatherer groups. A sample of 27 California hunter-gatherer groups was analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Notably, chi-square tests of...
Show moreThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the validity of previous theories concerning women’s access to roles of power within hunter-gatherer societies. This study examines how accurately immanent social identity theory and bifurcated role circumstantiality predict women’s access to the role of healer (shaman) within California hunter-gatherer groups. A sample of 27 California hunter-gatherer groups was analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Notably, chi-square tests of independence evinced a correlation between men’s and women’s circumstantial labor and observed healer gender. Through the statistical verification of such engendered ideas, this study tests notions concerning the strict binary division of labor and posits that gender may have operated as a role-based identity marker rather than one structured around innate characteristics. This research ultimately provides a better analytical framework from which archaeologists can interpret the past through the use of ethnographic analogies that are more inclusive of gender-enriched methodologies.
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Date Issued
2016
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004600, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004600
Subject Headings
Hunting and gathering societies--California--Social life and customs., Indian women--California--Social life and customs., Indians of North America--California--Material culture., Indians of North America--California--Social life and customs., Power (Social sciences), Sexual division of labor.
Format
Document (PDF)