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Title: AN EXAMINATION OF CONTEXT EFFECTS IN VISUAL PERCEPTION.
Creator: GORDON, GREGORY PETER, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: A "same-different" reaction time paradigm was used to investigate the influence of context on the perception of multiple object scenes consisting of "real-world" objects. The relationships among these objects were manipulated to compose four different contextual arrangements. This enabled an investigation of three aspects of context: familiarity, physical plausibility, and belongingness. Differences in reaction time between the four levels of context were significant for both same and...
Show moreA "same-different" reaction time paradigm was used to investigate the influence of context on the perception of multiple object scenes consisting of "real-world" objects. The relationships among these objects were manipulated to compose four different contextual arrangements. This enabled an investigation of three aspects of context: familiarity, physical plausibility, and belongingness. Differences in reaction time between the four levels of context were significant for both same and different responses. Furthermore, a correlational analysis indicated individual differences in the use of contextual effects. Those subjects who were most influenced by whether or not the objects belonged together, were least influenced by the disruption of the rules of physical plausibility, and vice versa. Correlational analyses concerned with the relationship between individual differences in context effects and emphasis on structural versus analytic processing (Hock, 1973) were insignificant, though in the predicted direction.
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Date Issued: 1973
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13558
Subject Headings: Visual perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: THE PERCEPTION OF DISTANCE AND ANGLE RELATIONS FOR SIMPLE DOT PATTERNS.
Creator: O'ROURKE, GERALD., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: This research was concerned with the perception of inter-element distance and angle relations for pairs of dots arranged vertically, horizontally, oblique-left, and oblique-right. For each trial, a pair of dots was presented in different global locations, for five consecutive frames. The subject's task was to detect a change in the relative location of the dots, which could occur during one of the five frames. Each subject participated in three different conditions. One condition emphasized...
Show moreThis research was concerned with the perception of inter-element distance and angle relations for pairs of dots arranged vertically, horizontally, oblique-left, and oblique-right. For each trial, a pair of dots was presented in different global locations, for five consecutive frames. The subject's task was to detect a change in the relative location of the dots, which could occur during one of the five frames. Each subject participated in three different conditions. One condition emphasized the detection of changes in distance between the elements; the second emphasized the detection of changes in the angle formed by the elements. The third condition did not focus attention on either distance or angle changes. Results indicated that focussing attention on either distance or angle changes affected sensitivity to distance changes for rectilinear, but not for oblique arrangements. These results suggested that the vertical and horizontal components of Inter-element distance are perceptually fundamental, and that the Euclidean distance between two elements and the angle formed by the elements are internally computed from the perceptually fundamental distance components.
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Date Issued: 1986
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14288
Subject Headings: Visual perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: HEMISPHERIC DIFFERENCES IN THE EFFECT OF STIMULUS FAMILIARITY ON PERCEIVED DURATION.
Creator: MURPHY, ARTHUR LORD, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: A paired-comparisons procedure was used to obtain relative duration judgements of identical pairs of normal (e.g. A vs. A) or rotated (e.g.V vs.V) letters. Each pair of letters was presented simultaneously for a duration of 50msec, with one letter in the LVF (left visual field, right hemisphere), and one in the RVF (right visual field, left hemisphere). It was hypothesized that LVF presentations of rotated letters would have a greater apparent duration . This was based on Hock, Kronseder, and...
Show moreA paired-comparisons procedure was used to obtain relative duration judgements of identical pairs of normal (e.g. A vs. A) or rotated (e.g.V vs.V) letters. Each pair of letters was presented simultaneously for a duration of 50msec, with one letter in the LVF (left visual field, right hemisphere), and one in the RVF (right visual field, left hemisphere). It was hypothesized that LVF presentations of rotated letters would have a greater apparent duration . This was based on Hock, Kronseder, and Corcoran's (1975) demonstration that rotated letters presented in the LVF produce longer reaction times than RVF presentations on a visual comparisons task. The results were that subjects' "left" vs. "right" responses did not differ significantly for any of the conditions. Methodological considerations were cited as a possible reason for the failure to confirm the present hypo thesis.
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Date Issued: 1976
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13810
Subject Headings: Time perception, Visual perception, Human information processing
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The attentional control of spatial perception.
Creator: Balz, Gunther William, Florida Atlantic University, Hock, Howard S.
Abstract/Description: When perceivers examine a visual scene, they can control the extent to which their attention is either narrowly focused or spread over a larger spatial area. The experiments reported in this dissertation explore the consequences of narrow vs. broad attention for simple spatial discriminations as well as more complex cooperative interactions that are the basis for the self-organization of coherent motion patterns. Subjects' attentional spread (narrow or broad) is manipulated by means of a...
Show moreWhen perceivers examine a visual scene, they can control the extent to which their attention is either narrowly focused or spread over a larger spatial area. The experiments reported in this dissertation explore the consequences of narrow vs. broad attention for simple spatial discriminations as well as more complex cooperative interactions that are the basis for the self-organization of coherent motion patterns. Subjects' attentional spread (narrow or broad) is manipulated by means of a primary, luminance detection task. In conjunction with the luminance detection task is a secondary, spatial discrimination or detection task, which differs in the four reported experiments. In Experiment 1, the discrimination of misalignment of two visual elements is enhanced by narrowly focused attention. In Experiment 2, discrimination of horizontal spatial separation of two visual elements is improved for small inter-element distances by narrow attention and for relatively large inter-element distances by broad attention. Experiment 3 shows that the inter-element distance among counterphase-presented visual elements for which unidirectional and oscillatory motion patterns are observed with equal frequency depends on subjects' attentional spread. Narrow attention favors the oscillatory pattern and broad attention favors the unidirectional pattern. Experiment 4 shows that attentional spread has a minimal effect on the detection of motion, and, additionally that attentional effects on simple spatial judgments (Experiments 1 and 2) are too small to account for the large shift in the equi-probable boundary of reported unidirectional and oscillatory motion patterns found in Experiment 3. Therefore, it is concluded in conjunction with Hock and Balz's (1994) differential gradient model, that attentional spread influences the self-organization of unidirectional and oscillatory motion patterns through its effects on the relative strength of facilitating and inhibiting interactions among directionally selective motion detectors.
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Date Issued: 1994
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12392
Subject Headings: Attention, Selectivity (Psychology), Visual perception, Space perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: A visual rotation invariant in fixated motion.
Creator: Ozery, Nissim Jossef., Florida Atlantic University, Raviv, Daniel, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Abstract/Description: This thesis studies the 2-D-based visual invariant that exists during relative motion between a camera and a 3-D object. We show that during fixation there is a measurable nonlinear function of optical flow that produces the same value for all points of a stationary environment regardless of the 3-D shape of the environment. During fixated camera motion relative to a rigid object, e.g., a stationary environment, the projection of the fixated point remains (by definition) at the same location...
Show moreThis thesis studies the 2-D-based visual invariant that exists during relative motion between a camera and a 3-D object. We show that during fixation there is a measurable nonlinear function of optical flow that produces the same value for all points of a stationary environment regardless of the 3-D shape of the environment. During fixated camera motion relative to a rigid object, e.g., a stationary environment, the projection of the fixated point remains (by definition) at the same location in the image, and all other points located on the 3-D rigid object can only rotate relative to that 3-D fixation point. This rotation rate of the points is invariant for all points that lie on the particular environment, and it is measurable from a sequence of images. This new invariant is obtained from a set of monocular images and is expressed explicitly as a closed form solution.
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Date Issued: 1994
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15095
Subject Headings: Invariants, Visual perception, Motion perception (Vision)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: AUTOMATIC SEQUENTIAL PRIMING OF DIGITS.
Creator: SYLVAN, ANITA., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: Previous research has shown that priming of digits is a function of the ordinal distance of the target digit from the priming sequence and that under certain conditions this effect may be automatic. The present experiment, which employs a choice RT task, was designed to test automaticity by manipulating subjects' expectancies and the time available for processing the priming sequence. Schematically valid primes (e.g., "1,2,3" preceding "4") were presented on 30%, 50%, or 70% of the trials to...
Show morePrevious research has shown that priming of digits is a function of the ordinal distance of the target digit from the priming sequence and that under certain conditions this effect may be automatic. The present experiment, which employs a choice RT task, was designed to test automaticity by manipulating subjects' expectancies and the time available for processing the priming sequence. Schematically valid primes (e.g., "1,2,3" preceding "4") were presented on 30%, 50%, or 70% of the trials to a given subject. Invalid primes (e.g., "5, 6, 7" preceding "4") were presented on the remaining trials. There was a highly significant effect of priming modified by interactions with exposure time and frequency. Employing a cost-benefit analysis to the frequency factor, it was found that the most frequently occurring prime resulted in decreased response latency but the less frequently occurring prime did not result in an increase in response latency (benefit wihout cost). On this basis, it is concluded that frequency influences an automatic process in this experiment. Since frequency interacts with priming, it is therefore argued that priming also affects an automatic process.
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Date Issued: 1983
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14183
Subject Headings: Human information processing, Perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: TOP-DOWN EFFECTS OF PERCEPTUAL GROUPING ON THE PERCEPTION OF MOTION.
Creator: Datta, Debarshi, Hock, Howard S., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Ullman (1979) has proposed a measurement metric, which he termed “affinity." He described affinity as a certain similarity measure between successively presented surfaces as it affects the perception of apparent motion between the surfaces. Later, the concept of “affinity” has been extended; it entails that how the perception of motion within a surface is affected by its grouping strength with adjacent surfaces (Hock and Nichols, 2012). It has been found that the more attributes, that are...
Show moreUllman (1979) has proposed a measurement metric, which he termed “affinity." He described affinity as a certain similarity measure between successively presented surfaces as it affects the perception of apparent motion between the surfaces. Later, the concept of “affinity” has been extended; it entails that how the perception of motion within a surface is affected by its grouping strength with adjacent surfaces (Hock and Nichols, 2012). It has been found that the more attributes, that are shared by the adjacent surfaces, the greater the likelihood of their being grouped together. However, Ullman (1979) suggested that the relative affinities of pairs of surfaces could determine the solutions for the motion correspondence problem (when more than one motion path is possible). However, it has remained unknown whether the effects of affinity on solutions to the correspondence problem are due to its effects on a single surface apparent motion strength or pre-selection biases; i.e., the top-down effects of perceptual grouping favoring the perception of motion in one direction as opposed to other competing directions. In the current study, it has been confirmed that motion within a surface is affected by its affinity with adjacent surfaces. The current study also confirmed that affinity has a small, but significant effect on motion strength when motion surfaces are presented in a single surface apparent motion configuration, evidence for top-down effects in which motion strength can be affected by affinity. In motion correspondence problem, affinity affects the perceived motion direction due to competition is consistent with the solution to the motion correspondence problem being affected by the relative affinity-determined strength of competing motion signals. But it is seen that there is strong affinity is due to preselection identity biases. To conclude, in motion correspondence problem, stronger motion is perceived between the two similar surfaces is due to pre-selection biases resulting from the perceptual grouping of surfaces with the greatest affinity; i.e., the top-down effects favoring the perception of motion in one direction as opposed to other competing directions.
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Date Issued: 2020
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013567
Subject Headings: Motion Perception, Perceptual grouping
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Effects of adaptation on the perception of motion: The influence of competing mechanisms.
Creator: Espinoza, Jessica K., Florida Atlantic University, Hock, Howard S.
Abstract/Description: The effects of adaptation on motion were investigated using a modified apparent motion display. Unlike the classical apparent motion display, a BRLC (background relative luminance contrast) apparent motion display consists of two visible dots, each of a different luminance, which remain in the same position but exchange luminances on successive frames. This forms a bistable stimulus; stationarity-flicker or motion may be perceived, depending on the value of the BRLC. There was a significant...
Show moreThe effects of adaptation on motion were investigated using a modified apparent motion display. Unlike the classical apparent motion display, a BRLC (background relative luminance contrast) apparent motion display consists of two visible dots, each of a different luminance, which remain in the same position but exchange luminances on successive frames. This forms a bistable stimulus; stationarity-flicker or motion may be perceived, depending on the value of the BRLC. There was a significant interaction between condition (baseline or adaptation) and BRLC when testing motion perception following adaptation to a moving stimulus, a flickering stimulus and a static stimulus. Additionally, adaptation to flicker decreased motion perception at high BRLC values and increased it at low BRLC values. Our results reflected the presence of strong inhibitory competition between the mechanisms concerned with the perception of motion and stationarity which restricted adaptation effects to certain values of BRLC.
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Date Issued: 1998
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15574
Subject Headings: Luminescence, Motion perception (Vision)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: PERSONALITY TRAIT ATTRIBUTION: THE ROLE OF TRAITS, SITUATIONS, AND ACTOR - OBSERVER DIFFERENCES IN PERSPECTIVE.
Creator: BENNETT, WILLIAM L. SCOTT., Florida Atlantic University, Monson, Thomas C.
Abstract/Description: An experiment was designed to test the differences in trait ascriptions of actors and observers. Hypotheses were derived from Monson and Snyder's (1977) causal attribution model such that actor's attributions about themselves would be more strongly affected by their behavioral history (i.e., traits), and that the trait attributions offered by observers would be more strongly influenced by the actor's momentary behavior. It was found that extraverted actors attributed more extraverted traits...
Show moreAn experiment was designed to test the differences in trait ascriptions of actors and observers. Hypotheses were derived from Monson and Snyder's (1977) causal attribution model such that actor's attributions about themselves would be more strongly affected by their behavioral history (i.e., traits), and that the trait attributions offered by observers would be more strongly influenced by the actor's momentary behavior. It was found that extraverted actors attributed more extraverted traits to themselves than did observers. It was also found that observers attributed traits to actors that were consistent with the behavior that actors exhibited. However, it was also found that introverted actors also attributed more extraverted traits to themselves than did observers. It was hypothesized that a strong social desirability component was operating to moderate the expected effects. Implications for the Jones and Nisbett (1972) hypothesis and for future research were discussed.
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Date Issued: 1987
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14396
Subject Headings: Personality, Social perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: On the perception of relational motion.
Creator: Field, Linda C., Florida Atlantic University, Hock, Howard S.
Abstract/Description: Six experiments were performed to examine the adequacy of detection/computation models for understanding the perception of relational motion, and in particular, the perception of three-dimensional motion in two-dimensional displays. The stimuli were a pair of dots which moved relationally (i.e., the relative location of the dots changed). Three-dimensional motion was seen when a contraction of the stimulus preceded an expansion (i.e., the dot separation first decreased, then increased), the...
Show moreSix experiments were performed to examine the adequacy of detection/computation models for understanding the perception of relational motion, and in particular, the perception of three-dimensional motion in two-dimensional displays. The stimuli were a pair of dots which moved relationally (i.e., the relative location of the dots changed). Three-dimensional motion was seen when a contraction of the stimulus preceded an expansion (i.e., the dot separation first decreased, then increased), the angular difference between the pattern orientation and the direction of movement was small, and the spatial separation between dots was small. Neither the activation of higher-order, relational feature detectors, nor the construction/computation of relational motion from the detected motion of individual dots, can adequately explain the perception of three-dimensional motion.
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Date Issued: 1990
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14630
Subject Headings: Motion perception (Vision)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: PERCEPTUAL SEGREGATION AND THE CATEGORY EFFECT.
Creator: ROSENTHAL, ALAN., Florida Atlantic University, Hock, Howard S., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: A category effect of alphanumeric characters in a visual search paradigm was examined to see whether the effect could be accounted for by the number of memory comparisons or by an early stage of perceptual processing. In Experiments 1 and 2, subjects searched for targets in either a within-category or between-category condition. The two experiments differed by the point in the trials where "catch trials" were presented. Experiment 3 used new configurations based on Gestalt principles which...
Show moreA category effect of alphanumeric characters in a visual search paradigm was examined to see whether the effect could be accounted for by the number of memory comparisons or by an early stage of perceptual processing. In Experiments 1 and 2, subjects searched for targets in either a within-category or between-category condition. The two experiments differed by the point in the trials where "catch trials" were presented. Experiment 3 used new configurations based on Gestalt principles which had been shown to influence target detection times at an early level of perceptual processing. The results of Experiments 1 and 2 favored a perceptual explanation mediating the effect. In Experiment 3, the critical interaction of category and Gestalt factors which would have demonstrated a competition in perceptually parsing the display fell short of significance.
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Date Issued: 1980
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14036
Subject Headings: Human information processing, Perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: TRANSPOSITION: A FURTHER TEST OF ABSOLUTE VERSUS RELATIONAL PREDICTIONS.
Creator: BIZAILLON, PAUL DUNN., Florida Atlantic University, Adamson, Robert E.
Abstract/Description: An attempt was made to investigate the intradimensional transfer of a simultaneously presented, double brightness discrimination in male hooded rats. It was hypothesized that in a paradigm designed to emphasize interstimulus cues over individual stimulus cues, subjects would exhibit transposition in testing, even when this involved approaching a previously negative stimulus, and avoiding a previously positive stimulus, under extinction conditions. Results of two tests (with a partial...
Show moreAn attempt was made to investigate the intradimensional transfer of a simultaneously presented, double brightness discrimination in male hooded rats. It was hypothesized that in a paradigm designed to emphasize interstimulus cues over individual stimulus cues, subjects would exhibit transposition in testing, even when this involved approaching a previously negative stimulus, and avoiding a previously positive stimulus, under extinction conditions. Results of two tests (with a partial reinforcement retraining session between them) indicated significant transposition on all measures except trial of first choice on Test I for the group trained to approach the brighter stimulus in any pair presented. Results were interpreted as being in support of relational theory which stresses the importance of dimensional salience in the establishment of relational responding.
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Date Issued: 1975
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13749
Subject Headings: Brightness perception, Discrimination learning
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Temporal and spatial determinants of induced shifts in perceived position.
Creator: Eastman, Kathleen E., Florida Atlantic University, Hock, Howard S.
Abstract/Description: The effects of the onset, offset, and sustained presence of inducing lines on the perceived position of test lines were independently investigated in a vernier alignment task. For spatial separations larger than 2.3 min, repulsion effects were always observed. For the smallest spatial separation, 2.3 min, the effect of the inducing lines was attraction for 0 and 195 SOAs. Minimal attraction was observed for a 3000 SOA. However, when the offset effect was isolated using the 3000 SOA and a 0...
Show moreThe effects of the onset, offset, and sustained presence of inducing lines on the perceived position of test lines were independently investigated in a vernier alignment task. For spatial separations larger than 2.3 min, repulsion effects were always observed. For the smallest spatial separation, 2.3 min, the effect of the inducing lines was attraction for 0 and 195 SOAs. Minimal attraction was observed for a 3000 SOA. However, when the offset effect was isolated using the 3000 SOA and a 0 ISI, a large repulsion effect was observed for the 2.3 min spatial separation, as well as for the larger spatial separations. These results indicate that the temporal separation between visual elements is as important in determining perceived position as their spatial separation, which has been demonstrated in earlier studies (Badcock & Westheimer, 1985). A differential gradient model is proposed which accounts for these findings in terms of excitatory and inhibitory interactions within an ensemble of position-sensitive units.
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Date Issued: 1993
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14897
Subject Headings: Visual perception, Space perception, Motion perception (Vision), Figure-ground perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The interaction of sentence context and local acoustic information during sentence comprehension.
Creator: Borsky, Susan, Florida Atlantic University, Shapiro, Lewis P., Tuller, Betty
Abstract/Description: This study investigated the interaction of acoustic and semantic information for phoneme categorization during sentence comprehension. Voice onset time (VOT) was manipulated to form a goat-to-coat voicing continuum; target stimuli from this continuum were embedded in sentences biased toward `goat' or `coat'. Sentences were presented in conjunction with three distinct experimental tasks and several temporal positions. Experiment 1A used a cross-modal identification task (Borsky, Tuller, and...
Show moreThis study investigated the interaction of acoustic and semantic information for phoneme categorization during sentence comprehension. Voice onset time (VOT) was manipulated to form a goat-to-coat voicing continuum; target stimuli from this continuum were embedded in sentences biased toward `goat' or `coat'. Sentences were presented in conjunction with three distinct experimental tasks and several temporal positions. Experiment 1A used a cross-modal identification task (Borsky, Tuller, and Shapiro, 1998) to cue stimulus identification at the target; the results showed sentence context biases on identifications and sentence context congruency effects on response times for mid-range stimuli. Experiment 1B used a cross-modal identification task 450 ms after the target; results showed sentence biases on identifications that extended to the endpoints and no sentence context congruency effects on response times. Experiment 2 used a cross-modal interference task (CMI) with the same auditory stimuli. The primary task was listening to the sentences for comprehension; the interference task was a word/non-word decision to an unrelated visual probe that appeared at one of three temporal positions. This was the only task for which no explicit judgments about the identity of the target were required. Response times at the embedded target showed a significant effect of VOT only. The 450 ms later probe position showed a significant VOT x Context interaction; response times were significantly longer for endpoint stimuli when sentence meaning was biased toward the opposite endpoint. These results were interpreted as initially context-independent phonological processing followed by context integration. Experiment 3 used a word-monitoring task; subjects saw the word `goat' or `coat' briefly on a computer screen, then listened to the same sentence stimuli used for the other experiments. The task was to press a button as soon as the monitoring target was heard in the sentence. Results showed that sentence context did not bias identifications. However, response times were significantly longer when sentence context was incongruent with the monitoring target. Taken together, the results of the three distinct tasks support an account of phonological processing in which phoneme categorization is initially independent unless an explicit judgment about the identity of the target is required.
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Date Issued: 1998
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12578
Subject Headings: Speech perception, Psycholinguistics
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: LEVEL OF ABSTRACTION AND SELF-UNDERSTANDING.
Creator: COHEN, JOYCE., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: The affects of level of abstraction on self-description inventories were investigated in this study. Seventy-five subjects were administered self-description inventories which assessed their overall standing on ten high level, abstract descriptors and ten low level, concrete descriptors. Subjects also indicated how much variability, certainty, and importance they associated with their responses. Results indicated that high level agents make judgments with more certainty than low level agents....
Show moreThe affects of level of abstraction on self-description inventories were investigated in this study. Seventy-five subjects were administered self-description inventories which assessed their overall standing on ten high level, abstract descriptors and ten low level, concrete descriptors. Subjects also indicated how much variability, certainty, and importance they associated with their responses. Results indicated that high level agents make judgments with more certainty than low level agents. Additionally, certainty and importance were unrelated thus indicating different aspects of self-understanding. Variability was negatively correlated with certainty yet positively correlated with the importance measure. This suggests that the notion of the self as a stable entity, as postulated by traditional self-concept theories, may be in error. It was advanced that variability be investigated as a flexible, adaptive aspect of self-understanding.
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Date Issued: 1987
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14409
Subject Headings: Abstraction, Self-perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: DEFENSIBLE SPACE IN A PRIVATELY-OWNED HOUSING PROJECT.
Creator: VANHORN, SHARYN J., Florida Atlantic University, Tata, Robert J., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Geosciences
Abstract/Description: This paper analyzes a high density housing project in terms of its defensible space. The behavior of residents of Citrus Park Homes was seen as indicative of tenant attitudes toward their home project, its sense of community, of safety and security, and pride of ownership. Analysis of this privately-owned project includes a description of the physical structure, spatial characteristics, tenant characteristics and tenant attitudes, as evidenced in interviews with 83 adult residents. Where poor...
Show moreThis paper analyzes a high density housing project in terms of its defensible space. The behavior of residents of Citrus Park Homes was seen as indicative of tenant attitudes toward their home project, its sense of community, of safety and security, and pride of ownership. Analysis of this privately-owned project includes a description of the physical structure, spatial characteristics, tenant characteristics and tenant attitudes, as evidenced in interviews with 83 adult residents. Where poor spatial design and physical structure are evidenced by poor behavior and attitude (lack of recognition or acceptance of territory) changes in the spatial or architectural design were suggested.
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Date Issued: 1973
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13618
Subject Headings: Human territoriality, Geographical perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: THE DETERMINANTS OF GROUPING DURING BINOCULAR RIVALRY.
Creator: Yoon, Yosun, Hong, Sang Wook, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Interocular grouping during binocular rivalry occurs when two images concurrently presented to two eyes are combined as a coherent pattern as if perceptual experience follows Gestalt grouping principles. The present study investigated what determines rivalry dynamics (perceptual experience of monocular stimuli and interocular grouping) by examining individual differences. Specifically, the effect of eye-of-origin and pattern coherence on percepts during rivalry were individually assessed...
Show moreInterocular grouping during binocular rivalry occurs when two images concurrently presented to two eyes are combined as a coherent pattern as if perceptual experience follows Gestalt grouping principles. The present study investigated what determines rivalry dynamics (perceptual experience of monocular stimuli and interocular grouping) by examining individual differences. Specifically, the effect of eye-of-origin and pattern coherence on percepts during rivalry were individually assessed using pairs of stimuli that induce either monocularly-driven (monocular coherence condition) or interocularly-driven (interocular coherence condition) coherent percepts. We found that the degree of perceiving complete, coherent stimuli was consistent within individuals regardless of conditions, indicating that individual differences in experiencing interocular grouping were explained by pattern coherence, rather than eye-of-origin information. In addition, we found that individuals who experience binocularly presented pattern motion more perceived interocularly-coherent stimuli more. This result suggests that a potential common mechanism may mediate binocular integration of visual information during binocular rivalry.
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Date Issued: 2021
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013815
Subject Headings: Binocular rivalry, Visual perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: SPATIAL TRANSFORMATIONS AND SELF-INITIATED ACTIVE MOVEMENT: A DEVELOPMENTAL STUDY.
Creator: SULLIVAN, MARJORIE ANN., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: A spatial transformation task was administered to two groups of children under one of three conditions: active subject-movement, passive subject-movement and stimulus array-rotation. In the younger group (5-7 years) subjects did significantly better in the active subject-movement than in the array-rotation condition. The active-passive distinction was not significant. Performance improved significantly with age. While there were no statistically significant differences between conditions in...
Show moreA spatial transformation task was administered to two groups of children under one of three conditions: active subject-movement, passive subject-movement and stimulus array-rotation. In the younger group (5-7 years) subjects did significantly better in the active subject-movement than in the array-rotation condition. The active-passive distinction was not significant. Performance improved significantly with age. While there were no statistically significant differences between conditions in the older group (8-9 years), a trend toward reversal in level of difficulty between the array-rotation and subject-move conditions was noted. These findings were related to possible differences between young, pre-operational children who depend on topological cues and a stable relationship between the stimulus and the external background context and older, concrete operational children for whom spatial concepts are internalized such that actual movement might compete with imagined movement. Significant sex differences, favoring boys, emerged in the older group.
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Date Issued: 1977
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13897
Subject Headings: Space perception in children
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Role of Attachment Orientation in the Perception of Support Provision.
Creator: Yurchyshyn, Liliya, Maniaci, Michael, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: We examined how adult attachment styles influence human perception of support provision. We invited 119 couples to the lab, where they performed an exploration task. We also used pre- and post-exploration measures, including assessing adult attachment styles and partners' perception of support provided during the task. Three independent coders watched the videos of couples interacting and rated partners' support provision behavior. We utilized West and Kenny's (2011) truth and bias model to...
Show moreWe examined how adult attachment styles influence human perception of support provision. We invited 119 couples to the lab, where they performed an exploration task. We also used pre- and post-exploration measures, including assessing adult attachment styles and partners' perception of support provided during the task. Three independent coders watched the videos of couples interacting and rated partners' support provision behavior. We utilized West and Kenny's (2011) truth and bias model to compare judgments (partners' perception of support received during the exploration task) with so-defined truth (combined rankings from coders). We used regression analysis to investigate how attachment orientation moderates the perception of support provision. On average, individuals tended to over-perceive helpfulness and under-perceive intrusiveness. Attachment avoidance was not a significant predictor of directional bias for helpfulness and intrusiveness. Results for the second exploratory hypothesis show those higher on attachment anxiety to have a weaker bias in underperceiving intrusiveness.
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Date Issued: 2022
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014039
Subject Headings: Attachment behavior, Bias, Perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: FACE-SENSITIVE EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS: AGE-RELATED CHANGES, RACE EFFECT, CONTACT, AND IMPLICIT BIAS.
Creator: Molina, Karla Patricia Molina Valenzuela, Anzures, Gizelle, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Early face-sensitive event-related potentials (ERPs) are modulated by age and race-of-face. Individual differences in implicit bias and race experience influence such race effects, but this remains largely unexplored. Thus, we examined children’s and adults’ P100s and N170s to own- and other-race faces and their relation with race experience and implicit racial bias. Children showed larger and more delayed P100s and N170s than adults. Also, 8- to 10-year-olds displayed earlier P100s to other...
Show moreEarly face-sensitive event-related potentials (ERPs) are modulated by age and race-of-face. Individual differences in implicit bias and race experience influence such race effects, but this remains largely unexplored. Thus, we examined children’s and adults’ P100s and N170s to own- and other-race faces and their relation with race experience and implicit racial bias. Children showed larger and more delayed P100s and N170s than adults. Also, 8- to 10-year-olds displayed earlier P100s to other-race faces, while 5- to 7- year-olds showed earlier left N170s to own-race faces. In adults, greater own-race experience was associated with delayed left N170s to own-race faces. Greater own-race bias was associated with earlier right P100s to own-race faces in 5- to 7-year-olds and smaller left P100 to N170 peak-to-peak amplitudes to own-race faces in 8- to 10-yearolds. Individual differences in age, race experience, and implicit racial bias should be considered when examining ERPs to own- and other-race faces.
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Date Issued: 2022
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013947
Subject Headings: Face perception, Discrimination
Format: Document (PDF)

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