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Serological Evidence of Exposure to Selected Viral, Bacterial and Protozoal Pathogens in Free-Ranging Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from the Indian River Lagoon, Florida and Charleston, South Carolina
Title
Serological Evidence of Exposure to Selected Viral, Bacterial and Protozoal Pathogens in Free-Ranging Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from the Indian River Lagoon, Florida and Charleston, South Carolina.
Creator
Schaefer, Adam M., Reif, John S., Goldstein, Juli D., Ryan, Caitlin N., Fair, Patricia A., Bossart, Gregory D.
Date Issued
2009
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3172826
Subject Headings
Bottlenose dolphin, Pathogenic microorganisms, Pathogenic bacteria, Bacterial diseases, Zoonoses, Microbiology
Format
Document (PDF)
Novel Detection Techniques for Viable but Nonculturable Vibrio Vulnificus Cells in Response to Elevated Salinity
Title
Novel Detection Techniques for Viable but Nonculturable Vibrio Vulnificus Cells in Response to Elevated Salinity.
Creator
McHenry, Brandon, McCarthy, Peter J., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
Vibrio vulnificus is a marine pathogen of human health concern, capable of causing potentially fatal wound infections in a select group of the population. Previous studies have indicated this species’ strong negative correlation with salinity, not typically found above 30 ppt. This study assessed the ability of V. vulnificus to become Viable But Nonculturable in response to elevated salinity (35 ppt) as well as investigated novel methods for confirming their entrance into this state. Results...
Show moreVibrio vulnificus is a marine pathogen of human health concern, capable of causing potentially fatal wound infections in a select group of the population. Previous studies have indicated this species’ strong negative correlation with salinity, not typically found above 30 ppt. This study assessed the ability of V. vulnificus to become Viable But Nonculturable in response to elevated salinity (35 ppt) as well as investigated novel methods for confirming their entrance into this state. Results showed a complete loss of culturability in both Environmental and Clinical strains of this bacterium by 9 days after inoculation. Using a High Content Imager, it was determined that these pathogens were not dying (< 10%) in response to the treatment and were partially becoming cocci (≈35%). This study indicates the importance of understanding the impact environmental parameters have on this human pathogen, and what it means for reliably detecting them.
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Date Issued
2019
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013240
Subject Headings
Vibrio vulnificus, Pathogenic microorganisms--Detection, Salinity
Format
Document (PDF)
The Occurrence of Vibrio vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, with Implications for Human Health
Title
The Occurrence of Vibrio vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, with Implications for Human Health.
Creator
Barbarite, Gabrielle M., McCarthy, Peter J., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
Vibrio bacteria are emerging pathogens responsible for 80,000 illnesses and 100 deaths in the United States each year. Infections are directly linked to the marine environment and are acquired by consuming contaminated seafood or exposing wounds during aquatic activities. Florida has the highest national incidence of vibriosis, with 20% of its cases reported from the Indian River Lagoon region, a popular recreation destination. This study utilized a combination of cultivation and molecular...
Show moreVibrio bacteria are emerging pathogens responsible for 80,000 illnesses and 100 deaths in the United States each year. Infections are directly linked to the marine environment and are acquired by consuming contaminated seafood or exposing wounds during aquatic activities. Florida has the highest national incidence of vibriosis, with 20% of its cases reported from the Indian River Lagoon region, a popular recreation destination. This study utilized a combination of cultivation and molecular techniques to investigate the local distribution of V. vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae in this local waterway. The targeted species were found in an array of samples which may facilitate their transmission to humans. Overall, these bacteria were abundant in estuarine sediments (Vp: 2,439 CFU/g, Vv: 303 CFU/g, Vc: 176 CFU/g), on the sharp edges of oyster shells (Vp: 82 CFU/cm, Vv: 102 CFU/cm, Vc: 41 CFU/cm), and in the water column (Vp: 3.78 CFU/ml, Vv: 5.51 CFU/ml, Vc: 2.46 CFU/ml). Vibrio also pose a hazard to recreational anglers as they were recovered from fish (Vp: 61%, Vv: 55%, Vc: 30%), live bait shrimp (Vp: 80%, Vv: 37%, Vc: 0%) and hooks (Vp: 32%, Vv: 18%, Vc: 0%). Additionally, a molecular analysis of the V. vulnificus virulence revealed that the local population was dominated by disease-causing (vcgC) strains, which may explain why wound-related infections are common in this region. Vibrio occurrence varied both spatially and temporally due to their relationship with salinity and temperature. These bacteria exhibited a strong negative correlation with salinity, being particularly abundant near freshwater discharge locations. Due to Florida’s year-round warm climate, these species were found to be permanent members of the local microbial community. Seasonal peaks in abundance occurred between August and October, a period which corresponds with the warmest water temperatures as well as frequent rainfall. Predictive models were constructed based on these parameters to provide a better understanding of how, when and where Vibrio spp. may be encountered by humans. This information is important for both water management and healthcare initiatives, with an overall goal of improving local recreational safety.
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Date Issued
2016
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004705
Subject Headings
Health risk assessment, Marine microbiology, Pathogenic microorganisms, Vibrio infections, Vibrionaceae
Format
Document (PDF)
Guenon Hybridization and Its Effects on Parasite Infection in Gombe National Park, Tanzania
Title
Guenon Hybridization and Its Effects on Parasite Infection in Gombe National Park, Tanzania.
Creator
Blair, Raymond C. Jr., Detwiler, Kate M., Florida Atlantic University, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of Anthropology
Abstract/Description
Fecal samples were obtained from guenons in Gombe National Park utilizing noninvasive, opportunistic sampling techniques. Samples were then examined for the presence of gastrointestinal parasites using chlorazol black stain, Lugol’s iodine staining, as well as concentration via fecal flotation with Sheather’s sugar solution. Results were analyzed using SPSS (IBM corp), and compared to other forested regions in Africa to determine whether hybridization influences parasite prevalence of these...
Show moreFecal samples were obtained from guenons in Gombe National Park utilizing noninvasive, opportunistic sampling techniques. Samples were then examined for the presence of gastrointestinal parasites using chlorazol black stain, Lugol’s iodine staining, as well as concentration via fecal flotation with Sheather’s sugar solution. Results were analyzed using SPSS (IBM corp), and compared to other forested regions in Africa to determine whether hybridization influences parasite prevalence of these guenons living in Gombe; and if these guenons differ from similar guenons in other regions of Africa. The null hypothesis was unable to be rejected in all cases; hybridization could not be stated as a contributing factor for differences found in parasitic prevalence rates. Furthermore, no statistical difference was found between Gombe’s guenons, and those living in other regions of Africa in most cases. The author suspects that the abundance of parasitic generalists discovered, small sample size, and opportunistic sampling protocol contribute to these finding.
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Date Issued
2017
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004914, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004914
Subject Headings
Gombe National Park (Tanzania), Monkeys--Habitat--Tanzania--Gombe National Park., Primates--Pathogens., Primates--Habitat., Fragmented landscapes., Pathogenic microorganisms.
Format
Document (PDF)
The correlations between OSTDS sites and the pollution of the surface water bodies in Broward County
Title
The correlations between OSTDS sites and the pollution of the surface water bodies in Broward County.
Creator
Rocher, Yvel, Bloetscher, Frederick, Florida Atlantic University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatics Engineering
Abstract/Description
Sampling data of many surface water bodies in Broward County tend to reveal abnormal levels of bacterial concentrations for total coliform, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus. Given the presence of septic systems in geohydrologically sensitive areas throughout the County, several studies (Morin 2005 and Bocca 2007) suggested a correlation in the high bacterial densities and the septic sites.
Date Issued
2014
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004324, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004324
Subject Headings
Bacterial pollution of water, Groundwater -- Pollution, Pathogenic microorganisms -- Detection, Sewage disposal, Sewerage, Water -- Pollution -- Point source identification, Water quality -- Management
Format
Document (PDF)