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ALTERNATIVE SPATIAL FRAMES OF REFERENCE IN THE RECOGNITION OF NOVEL FORMS
Title
ALTERNATIVE SPATIAL FRAMES OF REFERENCE IN THE RECOGNITION OF NOVEL FORMS.
Creator
SULLIVAN, MARY., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description
The effects of retinal and objective orientation on recognition of novel stimuli were examined in a two-phase experiment. In Phase 1 novel stimuli were presented to tilted subjects placed in either an intentional learning condition (they were instructed to remember the stimuli) or an incidental learning condition (they received no instruction regarding memory). In Phase 2 the same stimuli were randomly mixed with distractor stimuli in a recognition test. Stimuli were presented to upright...
Show moreThe effects of retinal and objective orientation on recognition of novel stimuli were examined in a two-phase experiment. In Phase 1 novel stimuli were presented to tilted subjects placed in either an intentional learning condition (they were instructed to remember the stimuli) or an incidental learning condition (they received no instruction regarding memory). In Phase 2 the same stimuli were randomly mixed with distractor stimuli in a recognition test. Stimuli were presented to upright subjects in either their objectively upright orientation (the same orientation relative to gravity as in Phase 1) or their retinally upright orientation (the same orientation relative to subjects' tilted retinas as in Phase 1). The instructions produced no effect on recognition. Evidence that both retinal and objective orientation influenced recognition was obtained in both conditions. Alternative interpretations hypothesized that: (1) dual memory representations of Phase 1 stimuli, referenced to both retinal and objective upright, were formed and (2) a single memory representation of Phase 1 stimuli, referenced to an axis intermediate to retinal and objective upright, was formed.
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Date Issued
1979
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13990
Subject Headings
Recognition (Psychology), Orientation--Testing, Learning, Psychology of
Format
Document (PDF)
SPATIAL FRAMEWORK OF FORM PERCEPTION: INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES WITH RESPECT TO PHENOMENAL AND RETINAL DETERMINATION OF SPATIAL REFERENCE
Title
THE SPATIAL FRAMEWORK OF FORM PERCEPTION: INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES WITH RESPECT TO PHENOMENAL AND RETINAL DETERMINATION OF SPATIAL REFERENCE.
Creator
GOLD, LEON SAMUEL, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description
Rock's procedure for separating the effect of objective and retinal spatial reference by varying stimulus orientation and body posture was used in conjunction with the "same-different" reaction time paradigm. It was predicted that the individual differences in perceptual processing (analytic and structural) obtained by Hock (1973) would involve different determinants of spatial reference, these being retinal reference for analytic processing and objective reference for structural processing....
Show moreRock's procedure for separating the effect of objective and retinal spatial reference by varying stimulus orientation and body posture was used in conjunction with the "same-different" reaction time paradigm. It was predicted that the individual differences in perceptual processing (analytic and structural) obtained by Hock (1973) would involve different determinants of spatial reference, these being retinal reference for analytic processing and objective reference for structural processing. The results show that analytic subjects as hypothesized, referenced perceptual information to a retinal coordinate system. Structural subjects however, seemed to reference perceptual information to both objective and retinal coordinates. The results for structural subjects were attributed to the unexpected finding that subjects who were structural while upright, became analytic when in a reclining position. The latter finding suggested that Rock's methodology for separating the effects of retinal and objective orientation relies on the subjects employing the same mode of processing in all bodily postures.
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Date Issued
1974
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13649
Subject Headings
Form perception, Orientation (Psychology), Recognition (Psychology), Visual perception
Format
Document (PDF)
"OBLIQUE EFFECT" IN THE SPATIAL REPRESENTATION OF CHILDREN FOR THE HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL PLANE
Title
THE "OBLIQUE EFFECT" IN THE SPATIAL REPRESENTATION OF CHILDREN FOR THE HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL PLANE.
Creator
HILTON, THOMAS FREDERICK, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description
The effect of stimulus plane orientation (horizontal vs vertical) on mirror-image oblique discrimination was investigated for children 5 to 8 years of age. A significant difference in learning rate favoring the vertical plane presentation was obtained. Tracing the stimuli had no effect on learning rate in either the horizontal or vertical plane. The results were explained in terms of egocentricity in the child's representation of spatial relations.
Date Issued
1976
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13827
Subject Headings
Orientation (Psychology), Discrimination learning, Mirror images, Space perception in children
Format
Document (PDF)
Visual wavelength discrimination by the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta
Title
Visual wavelength discrimination by the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta.
Creator
Young, Morgan, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
Little is known about the visual capabilities of marine turtles. The ability to discriminate between colors has not been adequately demonstrated on the basis of behavioral criteria. I used a three-part methodology to determine if color discrimination occurred. FIrst, I exposed naèive, light-adapted hatchlings to either a blue, green or yellow light. I manipulated light intensity to obtain a behavioral phototaxis threshold to each color, which provided a range of intensities we knew turtles...
Show moreLittle is known about the visual capabilities of marine turtles. The ability to discriminate between colors has not been adequately demonstrated on the basis of behavioral criteria. I used a three-part methodology to determine if color discrimination occurred. FIrst, I exposed naèive, light-adapted hatchlings to either a blue, green or yellow light. I manipulated light intensity to obtain a behavioral phototaxis threshold to each color, which provided a range of intensities we knew turtles could detect. Second, I used food to train older turtles to swim toward one light color, and then to discriminate between the rewarded light and another light color ; lights were presented at intensities equally above the phototaxis threshold. Lastly, I varied light intensity so that brightness could not be used as a discrimination cue. Six turtles completed this task and showed a clear ability to select a rewarded over a non-rewarded color, regardless of stimulus intensity. Turtles most rapidly learned to associate shorter wavelengths (blue) with food. My results clearly show loggerheads have color vision. Further investigation is required to determine how marine turtles exploit this capability.
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Date Issued
2012
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3352879
Subject Headings
Color vision, Visual discrimination, VIsual perception, Selectivity (Psychology), Photoreceptors, Loggerhead turtle, Orientation, Sea turtles, Orientation, Animal navigation
Format
Document (PDF)