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Title: THE INFLUENCE OF EVENT SEGMENTATION ON MEMORY FOR ACTORS AND THEIR ACTIONS.
Creator: Smithwick, Megan S., Kersten, Alan, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Previous research indicates that event boundaries can hinder or facilitate memory. The present study aimed to examine the influence of physical context changes (i.e., event boundaries) on the memory for actors and the actions they performed. Undergraduate participants (N=121) from Florida Atlantic University viewed two different video clip set types of actors performing various actions. The continuous context (CC) video set type included four different actors performing actions in the same...
Show morePrevious research indicates that event boundaries can hinder or facilitate memory. The present study aimed to examine the influence of physical context changes (i.e., event boundaries) on the memory for actors and the actions they performed. Undergraduate participants (N=121) from Florida Atlantic University viewed two different video clip set types of actors performing various actions. The continuous context (CC) video set type included four different actors performing actions in the same physical context. The discontinuous context (DC) video set type contained four actors, the first, second, and fourth actors shown in each set performed actions in the same physical context (e.g., a library), while the third actor in the set performed an action in a different physical context (e.g., a playground). After viewing the videos, memory for the actors and the actions was evaluated using the Person-Action-Conjunction (PAC) test in a retrieval session. Participants provided significantly more ‘yes’ responses to old item than to conjunction items at retrieval. No significant differences in the proportion of ‘yes’ were found between the CC video items and DC video items. These results could be due to the manipulation of physical context not being sufficiently strong to influence event segmentation.
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Date Issued: 2021
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013866
Subject Headings: Memory, Memory--Research
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: THE IMPACT OF DESCRIBING ACTORS AND ACTIONS ON SOURCE MEMORY.
Creator: Frank, Colin S., Kersten, Alan, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: This research is a first step towards investigating the impact verbal descriptions can have on an individual’s memory for actors performing actions. Previous research has found that verbal descriptions of mugshot-esque, face stimuli can have either a facilitative or inhibitory effect on later recognition. The current study implemented the Person Action Conjunction (PAC) test, along with three separate groups where participants provided descriptions of actions, features of the actors, and...
Show moreThis research is a first step towards investigating the impact verbal descriptions can have on an individual’s memory for actors performing actions. Previous research has found that verbal descriptions of mugshot-esque, face stimuli can have either a facilitative or inhibitory effect on later recognition. The current study implemented the Person Action Conjunction (PAC) test, along with three separate groups where participants provided descriptions of actions, features of the actors, and holistic attributes of the actors. The results demonstrated that the description group impacted the attention placed on either the action or actor, causing participants to remember those described elements more. Furthermore, it was found that accurately recalling descriptions provided at encoding was significantly and positively correlated with recognition performance. Further research is necessary with different control conditions before an impact of verbal description on the memory for actors and actions can be known.
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Date Issued: 2020
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013635
Subject Headings: Memory, Recognition
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: MEMORY FOR TRIVIA FACTS AND SOURCE IDENTITY: EFFECTS OF EMOTION AND SOURCE CHARACTERISTICS.
Creator: St. Peter, Krystal S., Kersten, Alan, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Individuals are constantly being exposed to new information and new situations, but memory for these events is not always equal; understanding the factors that affect an individual’s ability to remember the details surrounding these events is extremely important. The purpose of the current study was to examine the potential effects of emotion and source characteristics, such as age and gender, on memory for factual information (i.e., trivia facts) and source identity (i.e., the sources of the...
Show moreIndividuals are constantly being exposed to new information and new situations, but memory for these events is not always equal; understanding the factors that affect an individual’s ability to remember the details surrounding these events is extremely important. The purpose of the current study was to examine the potential effects of emotion and source characteristics, such as age and gender, on memory for factual information (i.e., trivia facts) and source identity (i.e., the sources of the information). One hundred and twenty-eight undergraduate students viewed a total of 120 videos depicting eight different sources (two young adult males, two young adult females, two older adult males, and two older adult females) presenting neutral and emotional (positive, negative) trivia facts; participants were then asked to complete a fill-in-thevi blank test on memory for trivia facts and a multiple-choice test on memory for the source of each fact. Results indicated that positively valenced trivia facts were remembered more often than both neutral and negatively valenced facts; emotion was not found to affect memory for the sources of trivia facts or memory for the relationship between trivia fact and source. Results indicated that trivia facts presented by female sources were remembered better than facts presented by male sources; source gender also affected memory for the sources of each fact, such that sources of facts presented by females were remembered better than the source identity for a fact presented by a male source. When the identity of the source was forgotten, participants were more likely to falsely attribute the fact to someone of the same age as the original source. If the original source was female, participants were also more likely to falsely attribute that fact to another female source compared to a male source, but if the original source was male, participants were equally likely to misattribute the source of either gender. The findings from the current study add to the current understanding of the complex effects of emotion on memory and suggest the importance
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Date Issued: 2021
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013739
Subject Headings: Memory, Emotion
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: A MATTER OF PERSPECTIVE: HOW CAMERA POSITIONING INFLUENCES MEMORY FOR EVERYDAY EVENTS.
Creator: Hagen, Allen C., Kersten, Alan, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: The current study examined how viewing an event from different perspectives (eye-level and elevated) at both encoding and retrieval changes the recognition of that event. Specifically, participants were shown various manipulations to the scenarios that they witnessed at encoding. The primary focus of the study was the participants’ ability to identify old scenarios along with scenarios that had been manipulated through differences in character clothing, object placement, or temporal order of...
Show moreThe current study examined how viewing an event from different perspectives (eye-level and elevated) at both encoding and retrieval changes the recognition of that event. Specifically, participants were shown various manipulations to the scenarios that they witnessed at encoding. The primary focus of the study was the participants’ ability to identify old scenarios along with scenarios that had been manipulated through differences in character clothing, object placement, or temporal order of events, while still resembling the old scenario in every other way. No support was found to support the prediction that perspective at either encoding or retrieval had an effect on recognition of the scenario or the different manipulation types. An exploratory analysis revealed a trend towards significance for perspective at encoding. An eye-level perspective at encoding was more likely to result in a higher rejection rate for temporal manipulations.
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Date Issued: 2023
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014217
Subject Headings: Memory, Perspective
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: BRIEF EXPOSURE TO A NOVEL CONTEXT ENHANCES CONSOLIDATION OF OBJECT MEMORY IN C57BL/6J MICE.
Creator: Hindman, Brandon L., Stackman Jr., Robert W., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Previous research revealed that episodic memories are more likely to be consolidated if something novel occurs in relative temporal proximity to the original learned event (Dunsmoor, Murty, Davachi, & Phelps, 2015). Further, research conducted with rodents has revealed that novel contextual exposure following encoding of a spatial memory in a food-motivated task results in enhanced consolidation of that spatial memory (Takeuchi, Duszkiewics, Sonneborn et al., 2016). The present study sought...
Show morePrevious research revealed that episodic memories are more likely to be consolidated if something novel occurs in relative temporal proximity to the original learned event (Dunsmoor, Murty, Davachi, & Phelps, 2015). Further, research conducted with rodents has revealed that novel contextual exposure following encoding of a spatial memory in a food-motivated task results in enhanced consolidation of that spatial memory (Takeuchi, Duszkiewics, Sonneborn et al., 2016). The present study sought to examine the influence of novel context exposure on non-spatial object memory in adult female and male C57BL/6J mice when novel context exposure follows encoding of object memory under two memory strength training protocols. Results revealed that regardless of memory strength or gender, subjects exposed to a novel context following encoding of object memory exhibited greater exploration of the novel object when assessed 23.5 h later. Thus, novel context exposure significantly enhanced the consolidation of recently encoded object memory. As novel context exposure has been shown to increase dopamine release in the hippocampus, these results are consistent with the theory of synaptic tag and capture, whereby activated dopaminergic afferents enhance the on-going consolidation of non-spatial object memory. Future studies will entail parsing potential neurotransmitter modulatory afferents via pharmacological antagonists.
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Date Issued: 2019
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013377
Subject Headings: Memory, Episodic memory, Neurons, Afferent, Dopamine, Mice
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Types of Errors in a Memory Interference Task in Normal and Abnormal Aging.
Creator: Torres Solano, Valeria Lucia, Rosselli, Monica, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: The types of intrusion errors (Prior List, Semantically Related, and Unrelated) made on the LASSI-L verbal memory task were compared across three diagnostic groups (N = 160, 61 % female), Cognitively Normal (CN), amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Errors related to Proactive, Recovery from Proactive, and Retroactive Interference were also analyzed, as well as the relationship of errors to Amyloid load, a biomarker of AD. Results suggest that the types of...
Show moreThe types of intrusion errors (Prior List, Semantically Related, and Unrelated) made on the LASSI-L verbal memory task were compared across three diagnostic groups (N = 160, 61 % female), Cognitively Normal (CN), amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Errors related to Proactive, Recovery from Proactive, and Retroactive Interference were also analyzed, as well as the relationship of errors to Amyloid load, a biomarker of AD. Results suggest that the types of error made indicated the level of cognitive decline. It appears that as deficits increase, impaired semantic networks result in the simultaneous activation of items that are semantically related to LASSI-L words. In the aMCI group, providing a semantic cue resulted in an increased production of Semantically Related intrusions. Unrelated intrusions occurred rarely, although, a small number occurred even in the CN group, warranting further investigation. Amyloid load correlated with all intrusion errors.
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Date Issued: 2018
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005982
Subject Headings: Memory--Age factors, Semantic memory, Amyloid
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Event type and individual differences in children's false-memory creation.
Creator: Brown, Rhonda Douglas, Florida Atlantic University, Bjorklund, David F.
Abstract/Description: This series of experiments was designed to address two major questions concerning children's false-memory creation: (1) Are events that involve physical harm content more difficult to implant than events that do not involve physical harm content? and (2) Are individuals with particular cognitive and personality attributes more likely to create false-memories than others? In Experiment 1, 27 first-graders were presented with descriptions of two fictitious events (1 physical harm, 1 no physical...
Show moreThis series of experiments was designed to address two major questions concerning children's false-memory creation: (1) Are events that involve physical harm content more difficult to implant than events that do not involve physical harm content? and (2) Are individuals with particular cognitive and personality attributes more likely to create false-memories than others? In Experiment 1, 27 first-graders were presented with descriptions of two fictitious events (1 physical harm, 1 no physical harm) and two true events (1 physical harm, 1 no physical harm). Furthermore, individual differences in image descriptions, inhibition, verbal intelligence, working memory capacity and teacher ratings of cognitive and personality attributes were assessed. Results indicated that children generated more detailed accounts for fictitious events that did not involve physical harm in comparison to those that did. Furthermore, individual differences in image descriptions, verbal intelligence and teacher ratings of creativity, extroversion and risk taking were found. For Experiment 2, one-half of participants were presented with descriptions of two fictitious and two true events that involved physical harm content. The other one-half of participants were presented with descriptions of two fictitious and 2 true events that did not involve physical harm content. Furthermore, all children were told that two of the events (1 fictitious, 1 true) happened when they were very young and that the other two events (1 fictitious, 1 true) happened during the previous year. Individual differences in picture memory, inhibition and creativity were also assessed. The analyses failed to yield significant differences for event type or age of event occurrence. However, individual differences in creativity were related to children's false reports.
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Date Issued: 1998
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12579
Subject Headings: False memory syndrome, Memory in children
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: THE INTERRELATIONSHIP OF SPECIFIC AND PROTOTYPE MEMORY: A DEVELOPMENTAL STUDY.
Creator: HAFER, MARY FLANAGAN, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: A stimulus class was generated by applying a fixed set of transformational rules to a prototype, and selected members of this class were presented during acquisition. It was found that children discriminated members of this class from nonmembers. For adults, further distinctions were obtained among the stimuli within the class, as follows: Although the prototype was not presented during acquisition, it was recognized with greater confidence than stimuli from the acquisition set. Furthermore,...
Show moreA stimulus class was generated by applying a fixed set of transformational rules to a prototype, and selected members of this class were presented during acquisition. It was found that children discriminated members of this class from nonmembers. For adults, further distinctions were obtained among the stimuli within the class, as follows: Although the prototype was not presented during acquisition, it was recognized with greater confidence than stimuli from the acquisition set. Furthermore, class members that were not seen during acquisition were recognized on the basis of this prototype. For those class members that had been seen during acquisition, however, there was no evidence that their recognition was based on the prototype. Evidence that these previously seen class members were recognized with greater confidence than new class members indicated that recognition of stimuli from the acquisition set was based on stored copies, or specific memory.
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Date Issued: 1973
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13575
Subject Headings: Recognition (Psychology), Memory in children, Memory
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: A memory-efficient directory-based cache coherence scheme for large-scale multiprocessors.
Creator: Heragu, Sampath C., Florida Atlantic University, Mahgoub, Imad
Abstract/Description: Caches are used in shared memory multiprocessors to reduce the effective memory latency, and network and memory bandwidth requirements. But the data spreading across the caches leads to the cache coherence problem. In this thesis, a new directory based cache coherence scheme, called the cache-vector protocol, is proposed and evaluated. The said scheme entails a low memory overhead but delivers a performance that is very close to that of the scheme proposed by Censier and Feautrier (3), which...
Show moreCaches are used in shared memory multiprocessors to reduce the effective memory latency, and network and memory bandwidth requirements. But the data spreading across the caches leads to the cache coherence problem. In this thesis, a new directory based cache coherence scheme, called the cache-vector protocol, is proposed and evaluated. The said scheme entails a low memory overhead but delivers a performance that is very close to that of the scheme proposed by Censier and Feautrier (3), which offers the best performance of all the directory based schemes. The performance of the cache-vector protocol is evaluated using trace-driven simulation. A figure of merit which takes into account the average memory latency, network traffic and the hardware overhead is introduced and used as the basis of comparison between the two schemes. The simulation results indicate that the cache-vector protocol is a viable solution to the cache coherence problem in large scale multiprocessors.
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Date Issued: 1995
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15163
Subject Headings: Cache memory, Multiprocessors, Memory hierarchy (Computer science)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Unveiling the involvement of the rodent dorsal hippocampus in object recognition memory & investigating the role of context.
Creator: Cohen, Sarah J., Munchow, Alcira H., Asgeirsdottir, Herborg Nanna, Stackman, Robert W., Graduate College
Date Issued: 2013-04-12
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3361918
Subject Headings: Hippocampus (Brain), Rodents, Memory
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: In Better Worlds Than These: Memory and Diegesis in Fantasy Literature.
Creator: Creed, Daniel, Martin, Thomas, Florida Atlantic University, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of English
Abstract/Description: This study addresses the state of scholarship regarding fantasy literature and questions the position of scholars who have dismissed it as panegyric. This study notes that no accepted definition of fantasy exists, sets forth its own, and questions the value of fantasy literature. Moving from definition, this study notes that fantasy literature limits artistic freedom by supplementing the reality principle of minimal distance in mimetic fiction with penemaximal distance. Penemaximal distance...
Show moreThis study addresses the state of scholarship regarding fantasy literature and questions the position of scholars who have dismissed it as panegyric. This study notes that no accepted definition of fantasy exists, sets forth its own, and questions the value of fantasy literature. Moving from definition, this study notes that fantasy literature limits artistic freedom by supplementing the reality principle of minimal distance in mimetic fiction with penemaximal distance. Penemaximal distance affords fantasy a great remove from the actual world but adds the generic megatext as a frame of reference that defines reality. This allows fantasy literature to create semantic and episodic memory of diegetic worlds no longer limited by actual world foreknowledge and perception. Engaging narrative and cognitive theory, this study argues that authors utilize semantic memory to work within established truths of the genre, and readers hold authors to those rules unless authorial justification merits revision of generic epistemology. By maintaining a link to semantic memory (truth), fantasy texts create belief in the diegesis through an acceptance of affective and cognitive significance. An examination of Charles Finney's The Circus of Dr. Lao notes the control of the reader's semantic memory in the catalogue presented following the text that forces a reconsideration of the assumptions made by the reader. This leads to a discussion of the reader's necessity regarding diegetic creation. Brandon Sanderson's The Emperor's Soul is engaged as a metacomment on writing fantasy and links the protagonist, Shai, to the author through plot and position regarding world-building and the creation of episodic memory that alters the reader in the actual world. Lastly, Steven Erikson's Malazan Book of the Fallen is positioned as fantasy that satirizes generic expectations and confronts reader assumptions in the diegesis, leading to episodic memory of a meritocratic world and actual world demystification. Gary Wolfe posits the idea of deeper belief, where experiences within the text become virtual analogues for actual world experiences, and this study argues this moment as the creation of episodic memory. This is one value of fantasy literature; the memory of experiencing worlds not limited by empirical perception.
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Date Issued: 2019
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013194
Subject Headings: Fantasy literature, Diegesis, Memory
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Into Memory: A Novel.
Creator: Garber, Madison, Papatya Bucak, Ayse, Florida Atlantic University, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of English
Abstract/Description: In Into Memory, memory is no longer something which resides in the past. Instead, it is a substance which can be extracted and consumed like a hallucinogenic drug, immersing consumers in a vivid and immediate past whose physical effects linger long after the images of that memory disappear. For Paul Mendez, these memories offer an escape from a present defined by grief, while former professional football prospect Calvin Long seeks to reconnect with a past too long stained by regret. For law...
Show moreIn Into Memory, memory is no longer something which resides in the past. Instead, it is a substance which can be extracted and consumed like a hallucinogenic drug, immersing consumers in a vivid and immediate past whose physical effects linger long after the images of that memory disappear. For Paul Mendez, these memories offer an escape from a present defined by grief, while former professional football prospect Calvin Long seeks to reconnect with a past too long stained by regret. For law school student Kara Douglas, selling erotic memories is simply a business transaction—that is until she considers removing the parts of her past that stand in the way of the future she desires. Set in the rolling hills of contemporary Tallahassee, Into Memory explores the relationships that we maintain, for better or worse, with our pasts and what we will do to avoid, restore, or change them.
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Date Issued: 2019
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013206
Subject Headings: Novels, Creative writing, Memory
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Design and implementation of a test bed for proxy caching algorithms.
Creator: Sareen, Ashi., Florida Atlantic University, Mahgoub, Imad, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Abstract/Description: With the growth of the Internet and increasing, network traffic, latency has become a major issue. On the entrepreneur side bandwidth is a bottleneck. Web Caching helps to resolve both these issues. In recent years, many proxy caching algorithms and benchmarks to test them have been implemented. In this thesis, some of the existing proxy caching algorithms and related benchmarks have been examined. It has been observed that most of the benchmarks do not provide the developer/entrepreneur a...
Show moreWith the growth of the Internet and increasing, network traffic, latency has become a major issue. On the entrepreneur side bandwidth is a bottleneck. Web Caching helps to resolve both these issues. In recent years, many proxy caching algorithms and benchmarks to test them have been implemented. In this thesis, some of the existing proxy caching algorithms and related benchmarks have been examined. It has been observed that most of the benchmarks do not provide the developer/entrepreneur a customized environment to debug or deploy a proxy caching algorithm. Hence, this thesis implements a platform independent, easily extensible Test Bed that can be tailored to satisfy the needs of both the developers and the entrepreneurs. The thesis also implements two standard caching algorithms. To illustrate the application of the Test Bed, these algorithms are run on the Test Bed and results obtained are analyzed. Some of the results are then compared to existing behavioral patterns.
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Date Issued: 2001
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12857
Subject Headings: Cache memory, Web servers
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: YOUNG CHILDREN'S RECALL OF SELF-GENERATED SCENES.
Creator: SAARNIO, DAVID ARI., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: Kindergarten, second, and fifth graders were given 15 self-adhesive line drawings to affix on either (1) a simple scene, (2) a scrambled scene, (3) a blank sheet of paper, or (4) a sheet of paper divided into 15 squares. Recall of the objects was tested immediately and again after one week. In general, immediate recall was greater in the simple-scene condition than in all others for all grades tested. Recall in the scrambled condition was also greater than in the other two conditions for...
Show moreKindergarten, second, and fifth graders were given 15 self-adhesive line drawings to affix on either (1) a simple scene, (2) a scrambled scene, (3) a blank sheet of paper, or (4) a sheet of paper divided into 15 squares. Recall of the objects was tested immediately and again after one week. In general, immediate recall was greater in the simple-scene condition than in all others for all grades tested. Recall in the scrambled condition was also greater than in the other two conditions for second and fifth graders, but not for the kindergarten children. The sheet divided into squares and the blank sheet conditions did not differ from each other at any time. The results for delayed recall were similar in that the condition with the simple scene yielded performance superior to all others. However, the scrambled condition no longer differed from the other two conditions. The results suggest the importance of assessing children's memory for information in conditions or backgrounds which approximate those found in the real world, and of the use of schematic or episodic organization by young children.
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Date Issued: 1980
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14030
Subject Headings: Memory in children
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: FREE RECALL AND CLUSTERING OF TYPICAL AND ATYPICAL CATEGORY EXEMPLARS.
Creator: GREENBERG, MICHAEL STEVEN, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: Natural language categories are considered as concepts which can be described in terms of a prototype, wit h some category i terns more "typical" of their categories than others . One hypothesis tested was that typicality effects on free recall performance were due to atypical items not being encoded by their category labels. An alternative hypothesis argues that the structural base behind typicality effects is "family resemblances" (feature overlap). In the task, subjects were given either a...
Show moreNatural language categories are considered as concepts which can be described in terms of a prototype, wit h some category i terns more "typical" of their categories than others . One hypothesis tested was that typicality effects on free recall performance were due to atypical items not being encoded by their category labels. An alternative hypothesis argues that the structural base behind typicality effects is "family resemblances" (feature overlap). In the task, subjects were given either a list of typical or atypical items for three study/recall trials. Further, one half of the subjects in each materials condition received category cues at input to test the differential encoding hypothesis. The results showed large typicality effects in the no cue condition. However, there were small typicality effects in the cue condition. These results were interpreted as indicating that typicality effects on a free recall performance task are largely eliminated when category coding is relatively complete. Thus, the feature overlap hypothesis cannot be accepted.
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Date Issued: 1978
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13933
Subject Headings: Recollection (Psychology), Memory
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: PREEXISTING IMMUNE MEMORY TO CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATIONS.
Creator: Lee, Czdari, Nouri-Shirazi, Mahyar, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Integrated Medical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine
Abstract/Description: Studies suggest that smokers have less than optimal immune responses to natural infections and booster vaccines, which may adversely influence the herd effects of vaccines. We hypothesize that smoking attenuates preexisting memory cells and antibodies specific to childhood immunizations. To test this, we first evaluated several in vitro culture conditions that mimic in vivo immune cell responses within human blood samples. This study concluded that among tested conditions, R848/IL-2 and GMCSF...
Show moreStudies suggest that smokers have less than optimal immune responses to natural infections and booster vaccines, which may adversely influence the herd effects of vaccines. We hypothesize that smoking attenuates preexisting memory cells and antibodies specific to childhood immunizations. To test this, we first evaluated several in vitro culture conditions that mimic in vivo immune cell responses within human blood samples. This study concluded that among tested conditions, R848/IL-2 and GMCSF/CD40L/IL-2 optimally supported the differentiation of existing antigen-specific memory B cells into immunoglobulin-secreting plasma cells. Additionally, GM-CSF optimally supported the differentiation of antigen-specific memory T cells into IFN-γ- producing effector cells. Overall, we have established culture conditions that will allow us for the first time to assess the impact of external factors (i.e., smoking, immunosuppressive drugs, etc.) on preexisting, development, and longevity of immune memory specific to childhood, booster, and new vaccines among various populations.
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Date Issued: 2022
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014025
Subject Headings: Immunologic Memory, Vaccines, Immunity
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Effects of Emotionally Valenced Objects on Associative Memory of Events.
Creator: Pugh, Lindsey, Kersten, Alan, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Kersten et al. (2021) revealed that participants remembered negatively valenced actions better than neutral actions, but did no better at binding negative actions with the people who performed them compared to neutral actions. We were interested in testing whether emotion only enhances memory for individual features of an event, or whether emotion can also enhance binding of certain combinations of features. In particular, we tested the effect of emotionally charged objects on the ability to...
Show moreKersten et al. (2021) revealed that participants remembered negatively valenced actions better than neutral actions, but did no better at binding negative actions with the people who performed them compared to neutral actions. We were interested in testing whether emotion only enhances memory for individual features of an event, or whether emotion can also enhance binding of certain combinations of features. In particular, we tested the effect of emotionally charged objects on the ability to remember those objects and the actions associated with them. Participants saw a series of brief videos each involving an actor performing one of two different actions on one of two objects within a specific object category (e.g., guns or piñatas), some objects neutral in valence, some positive, and some negative. Participants were later tested on their ability to distinguish old events from novel conjunctions of particular objects with the actions that had been previously performed with the other members of the same object categories. Although only marginally significant, participants appeared more able to bind objects with their associated actions when those objects held a negative charge compared to neutral objects. Additionally, participants were more sensitive to changes in actions when those actions were associated with negative objects compared to neutral or positive objects. However, false memory increased when new negative objects were presented compared to novel presentation of neutral or positive objects.
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Date Issued: 2022
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014069
Subject Headings: Emotions, Memory, Valence
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: THE STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION AND SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VISUAL WORKING MEMORY IN THE MONKEY FRONTOPARIETAL NETWORK.
Creator: Conklin, Bryan, Alexander, William, Florida Atlantic University, Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Working memory is a mental workspace which utilizes short and long-term memory to maintain and manipulate information. It is crucial in enabling cognitive control and is largely controlled by interactions within and between frontal and parietal cortices. Recent work has identified visual nonspatial, spatial, and visuospatial working memory spectral characteristics of the local field potential through simultaneous recordings from various areas across the monkey frontoparietal network. However,...
Show moreWorking memory is a mental workspace which utilizes short and long-term memory to maintain and manipulate information. It is crucial in enabling cognitive control and is largely controlled by interactions within and between frontal and parietal cortices. Recent work has identified visual nonspatial, spatial, and visuospatial working memory spectral characteristics of the local field potential through simultaneous recordings from various areas across the monkey frontoparietal network. However, the reports are minimal in number, and there is no clear narrative tying together the heterogenous functionality of the characteristics. Here, a new spectral model of monkey visual working memory is proposed to address these shortcomings. It highlights functional roles for low, mid, and high frequency bands. Next, the organization of structural connectivity which gives rise to these spectral characteristics is investigated. A new binary association matrix representing connections in the frontoparietal network is proposed. A graph theoretic analysis on the matrix found that a 3-node dynamical relaying M9 motif was a fundamental building block of the network. It is optimally structured for the synchrony found in the spectral model. The network was also found to have a small-world architecture, which confers the integration and specialization of function required by visual working memory. Afterwards, three hypotheses generated by the spectral model are tested on non-spatial data. The low and mid band hypotheses were supported by evidence, while the high band hypothesized activity was not observed. This adds credibility to the roles identified in the model for the low and mid band and identifies a need for further investigation of the high band role. Finally, opportunities to expand the spectral model, analyze the M9 motif, and further test the model are explored. In the future, the spectral model could evolve to apply its predictions to humans in the pursuit of treatments for neurological disorders.
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Date Issued: 2020
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013584
Subject Headings: Memory, Short-Term, Working memory, Monkeys, Graph theory
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Age differences in binding actors and their actions in memory: Implications for eyewitness memory.
Creator: Curtayne, Eileen, Florida Atlantic University, Kersten, Alan
Abstract/Description: Everyday individuals experience problems in accurately remembering who did what in an event. In order to have an accurate memory for an event of this type, an individual needs to remember the person who performed the action, the action itself, and the pairing of these two pieces of information. If these pieces of information are not bound together correctly, the end result is an inaccurate memory for an event. This study examined the ability of young and older adults to bind people and their...
Show moreEveryday individuals experience problems in accurately remembering who did what in an event. In order to have an accurate memory for an event of this type, an individual needs to remember the person who performed the action, the action itself, and the pairing of these two pieces of information. If these pieces of information are not bound together correctly, the end result is an inaccurate memory for an event. This study examined the ability of young and older adults to bind people and their actions together in memory. Though both age groups were more likely to falsely recognize novel combinations of familiar actors and actions than they were to falsely recognize novel actions, the older participants were even more likely to falsely recognize these novel combinations. The misbinding of actors and actions may thus contribute to the problem of mistaken eyewitness identification.
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Date Issued: 2003
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13012
Subject Headings: Eyewitness identification, Memory in old age, Memory--Age factors
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Mechanisms of Selective Attention in Working Memory, Modeled from Human Alpha Band Oscillations.
Creator: Nouri, Asal, Ester, Edward, Hahn, William, Florida Atlantic University, Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Working memory (WM) enables the flexible representation of information over short intervals. It is established that WM performance can be enhanced by a retrospective cue presented during storage, yet the neural mechanisms responsible for this benefit are unclear. Here, we tested several explanations for retrospective cue benefits by quantifying changes in spatial WM representations reconstructed from alpha-band (8 - 12 Hz) EEG activity recorded from human participants before and after the...
Show moreWorking memory (WM) enables the flexible representation of information over short intervals. It is established that WM performance can be enhanced by a retrospective cue presented during storage, yet the neural mechanisms responsible for this benefit are unclear. Here, we tested several explanations for retrospective cue benefits by quantifying changes in spatial WM representations reconstructed from alpha-band (8 - 12 Hz) EEG activity recorded from human participants before and after the presentation of a retrospective cue. This allowed us to track cue-related changes in WM representations with high temporal resolution. Our findings suggest that retrospective cues engage several different mechanisms such as recovery of information previously decreased to baseline after being cued as relevant and protecting the cued item from temporal decay to mitigate information loss during WM storage. Our EEG findings suggest that participants can supplement active memory traces with information from other memory stores. We next sought to better understand these additional store(s) by asking whether they are subject to the same temporal degradation seen in active memory representations during storage. We observed a significant increase in the quality of location representations following a retrocue, but the magnitude of this benefit was linearly and inversely related to the timing of the retrocue such that later cues yielded smaller increases.
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Date Issued: 2023
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014192
Subject Headings: Working memory, Short-term memory, Attention, Alpha Rhythm
Format: Document (PDF)

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