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Sex ratio and crime: A cross-cultural investigation
Title
Sex ratio and crime: A cross-cultural investigation.
Creator
Hitchell, Amanda R., Florida Atlantic University, Shackelford, Todd K.
Abstract/Description
When one sex outnumbers the other in a society, what are the social consequences? Sex ratio, or the number of men per 100 women in a society, may affect many aspects of society such as crime rates. It was predicted that in countries with higher sex ratios, crime rates would be higher than in countries with lower sex ratios. It was also predicted that in countries with higher sex ratios, homicide and rape rates would be higher than in countries with lower sex ratios. Additionally, it was...
Show moreWhen one sex outnumbers the other in a society, what are the social consequences? Sex ratio, or the number of men per 100 women in a society, may affect many aspects of society such as crime rates. It was predicted that in countries with higher sex ratios, crime rates would be higher than in countries with lower sex ratios. It was also predicted that in countries with higher sex ratios, homicide and rape rates would be higher than in countries with lower sex ratios. Additionally, it was predicted that in countries with lower sex ratios, the incidence of female offending would be higher than in countries with higher sex ratios. Adult sex ratios and crime statistics were collected for 154 countries and for each of eight years. The prediction that crime rates would be higher in countries with higher sex ratios was partially supported by the data, as was the prediction that rape rates would be higher in countries with higher sex ratios. The prediction that homicide rates would be higher in countries with higher sex ratios was contradicted by the data, and mixed results were found for the prediction that the incidence of female offending would be higher in countries with lower sex ratios. Limitations are discussed, as are possible directions for future research.
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Date Issued
2004
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13192
Subject Headings
Family violence--Cross-cultural studies, Sex ratio--Research, Sex and law--Cross-cultural studies, Female offenders
Format
Document (PDF)
Adding Insult to Injury: Development and Initial Validation ofthe Partner-Directed Insults Scale
Title
Adding Insult to Injury: Development and Initial Validation ofthe Partner-Directed Insults Scale.
Creator
Schipper, Lucas D., Shackelford, Todd K., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description
I present the development and initial validation of a new measure designed to assess the specific content of insults used by men against their intimate partners. I used feedback from battered women, along with a review of the relevant literature, to identify specific insults for inclusion in the Partner-Directed Insults Scale (PDIS) (Preliminary Study). I administered the PDIS to a sample of United States participants (Study 1) and a sample of New Zealand participants (Study 2), allowing for...
Show moreI present the development and initial validation of a new measure designed to assess the specific content of insults used by men against their intimate partners. I used feedback from battered women, along with a review of the relevant literature, to identify specific insults for inclusion in the Partner-Directed Insults Scale (PDIS) (Preliminary Study). I administered the PDIS to a sample of United States participants (Study 1) and a sample of New Zealand participants (Study 2), allowing for a cross-national investigation of the specific insults that men use to derogate their partners. The results demonstrate the practical need for such a scale and provide evidence for the discriminant validity of the PDIS by documenting that men's use of insults predicts their use of controlling behaviors and physical violence. It is this predictive utility that makes the PDIS a valuable tool for researchers and clinicians alike.
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Date Issued
2006
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000826
Subject Headings
Abusive men--Psychology, Family violence--Cross-cultural studies, Psychological abuse--Cross-cultural studies, Wife abuse--Cross-cultural studies
Format
Document (PDF)
Why do Men Insult their Intimate Partners? Partner-Directed Insults and Mate Retention
Title
Why do Men Insult their Intimate Partners? Partner-Directed Insults and Mate Retention.
Creator
McKibbin, William F., Shackelford, Todd K., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description
Men sometimes insult their intimate partners and these insults predict intimate partner violence. No research has investigated the function of men's partner-directed insults. I hypothesize that men's partner-directed insults are designed to retain their longterm mate and, therefore, that men's use of partner-directed insults will covary with other mate retention behaviors. Using the Mate Retention Inventory and the Partner-Directed Insults Scale, I conducted two studies to test this...
Show moreMen sometimes insult their intimate partners and these insults predict intimate partner violence. No research has investigated the function of men's partner-directed insults. I hypothesize that men's partner-directed insults are designed to retain their longterm mate and, therefore, that men's use of partner-directed insults will covary with other mate retention behaviors. Using the Mate Retention Inventory and the Partner-Directed Insults Scale, I conducted two studies to test this hypothesis. Study 1 included 245 men who reported their mate retention behaviors and partner-directed insults. Correlations and multiple regression analyses documented the predicted relationships between men's partner-directed insults and mate retention behaviors. Study 2 included 372 women who reported their partner's mate retention behaviors and insults that their partner directed at them. The results replicated the results of Study 1. Discussion highlights future directions for investigating the relationships between men's partner-directed insults and mate retention behaviors.
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Date Issued
2007
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000798
Subject Headings
Abusive men--Psychology, Family violence--Cross-cultural studies, Psychological abuse--Cross-cultural studies, Behaviorism (Psychology)--Social aspects, Man-woman relationships
Format
Document (PDF)