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Title: The multiple stress gradient hypothesis: expansion of the revised stress gradient hypothesis using a mangrove and salt marsh study system.
Creator: Coldren, Glenn A., Proffitt, C. Edward, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description: Plant interactions (e.g., competition, facilitation) are critical drivers in community development and structure. The Stress Gradient Hypothesis (SGH) provides a predictive framework for how plant species interactions vary inversely across an environmental stress gradient, predicting that facilitation is stronger with increasing levels of stress. The SGH has been supported in numerous ecosystems and across a variety of stress gradients, but recent research has demonstrated contradictory...
Show morePlant interactions (e.g., competition, facilitation) are critical drivers in community development and structure. The Stress Gradient Hypothesis (SGH) provides a predictive framework for how plant species interactions vary inversely across an environmental stress gradient, predicting that facilitation is stronger with increasing levels of stress. The SGH has been supported in numerous ecosystems and across a variety of stress gradients, but recent research has demonstrated contradictory results. These discrepancies have led to SGH revisions that expand its conceptual framework by incorporating additional factors, such as other stressor types and variations in species life history strategies. In this dissertation, I examine a further modification of the SGH by proposing and testing a Multiple Stress Gradient Hypothesis (MSGH) that considers how plant interactions vary along a continuous gradient of two co-occurring stressors using mangrove and salt marsh communities as a case study. In Chapter 1, I outline the predictive framework of a MSGH, by creating a series of predictions of species interactions. The components of the MSGH predict that stressors of similar types (e.g., resource and nonresource) will have similar effects and be additive. On the other hand, varying species life history strategies and life stages will lead to extremes of plant interactions. In Chapter 2, I performed a series of experiments to test the various components of the MSGH. In Chapter 3, I performed a large-scale observational study to test whether multiple co-occurring stressors altered the cumulative effects on plant interactions, and if these stressors should be grouped (e.g., resource and non-resource, abiotic and biotic, etc.) to enhance predictability. From a series of studies conducted herein, I concluded that co-occurring stressors are important factors that control complex species interactions as shown in my MSGH modeling approach. Further, future theories need to incorporate species-specific and stressor specific grouping when modeling how species interactions shape communities.
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Date Issued: 2013
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA0004011
Subject Headings: Coastal ecology, Ecophysiology, Mangrove ecology, Plant ecology, Salt marsh ecology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Marine larval ecology gets a meeting of its own.
Creator: Young, Craig M., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Date Issued: 1994
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3353884
Subject Headings: Marine ecology, Larvae--Ecology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Trophic linkages of primary producers and consumers in fringing mangroves of tropical lagoons.
Creator: Kieckbusch, David Keith, Florida Atlantic University, Koch, Marguerite, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description: Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios were analyzed to investigate the trophic linkages between primary producers and consumers in fringing mangrove ecosystems of The Bahamas and Biscayne Bay, Florida. The isotope ratios, in conjunction with stomach content analysis, were used to trace the flow of organic matter from the primary organic sources (mangroves, seagrass and macro-algae) to primary consumers and ultimately to the gray snapper (Lutjanus griseus). We found the mean delta^13C...
Show moreStable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios were analyzed to investigate the trophic linkages between primary producers and consumers in fringing mangrove ecosystems of The Bahamas and Biscayne Bay, Florida. The isotope ratios, in conjunction with stomach content analysis, were used to trace the flow of organic matter from the primary organic sources (mangroves, seagrass and macro-algae) to primary consumers and ultimately to the gray snapper (Lutjanus griseus). We found the mean delta^13C value of the primary consumers (-17.1%) to be closely related to the mean values of the macro-algal material (-16.7%) and the seagrass (-10.5%) with very little correlation to the carbon signature of mangroves (mean = -27.4%). Our results suggest the ultimate source of carbon for the primary and secondary consumers, located at our study sites, is algal and seagrass material, individually or possibly as a mixture, and that mangroves are not the sole source of carbon in these systems.
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Date Issued: 2001
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12754
Subject Headings: Mangrove ecology, Food chains (Ecology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Distribution and ecology of estuarine ectoprocts: A critical review.
Creator: Winston, Judith E., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Date Issued: 1977
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3333067
Subject Headings: Ectoprocts, Bryozoa, Brackish water ecology, Estuarine ecology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: It's not easy being brownish-green.
Creator: Ross, Benjamin J., Harriet L. Wilkes Honors College
Abstract/Description: Sorites dominicensis is a common epiphytic foraminifera living throughout the Carribean and South Florida, and is commonly found living on turtle grass, Thalassia Testudinum. S. dominicensis plays host to algal symbionts related to those found in coral. Estimates for the numbers in these symbiotic populations are few, of limited scale, and vary widely. In this thesis we performed a large scale survey of the populations of algal symbionts living within the S. dominicensis population of Jupiter...
Show moreSorites dominicensis is a common epiphytic foraminifera living throughout the Carribean and South Florida, and is commonly found living on turtle grass, Thalassia Testudinum. S. dominicensis plays host to algal symbionts related to those found in coral. Estimates for the numbers in these symbiotic populations are few, of limited scale, and vary widely. In this thesis we performed a large scale survey of the populations of algal symbionts living within the S. dominicensis population of Jupiter Sound. We then used this data to propose a linear model for the relationship between foraminiferal size and endosymbiont population, and to suggest explanations for the variability seen in the Jupiter Sound population.
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Date Issued: 2008
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/77684
Subject Headings: Algae, Ecology, Endosymbiosis, Marine ecology, Molecular evolution
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Isolation and structure elucidation of novel compounds from marine cyanobacteria.
Creator: Meickle, Theresa, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
Abstract/Description: The work of this dissertation examined the secondary metabolites of several blooms of the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya collected in Guam and Florida with an emphasis on the isolation and structure elucidation of novel biologically active compounds. The introduction in Chapter One provides a brief history of marine natural products, a description of cyanobacteria and a summary of peptides isolated from Lyngbya collected in the Caribbean. In Chapter Two, a bioassay-guided fractionation of a...
Show moreThe work of this dissertation examined the secondary metabolites of several blooms of the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya collected in Guam and Florida with an emphasis on the isolation and structure elucidation of novel biologically active compounds. The introduction in Chapter One provides a brief history of marine natural products, a description of cyanobacteria and a summary of peptides isolated from Lyngbya collected in the Caribbean. In Chapter Two, a bioassay-guided fractionation of a Floridian collection of Lyngbya polychroa led to the isolation and structural determination of the cytotoxin desacetylmicrocolin B and the known compounds microcolins A and B. The structures were established by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analysis. All three compounds inhibited the growth of cancer cell lines HT-29 and IMR-32 at nanomolar concentrations. Microcolins A and B were found to have little activity in the ecological assay against the marine fungus Dendryphiella salina. Chapter Three describes the isolation and structure elucidation of the glycosidic, acyl proline derivative tumonoic acid J from a sample Lyngbya sp. collected in Guam. The planar structure was determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy in conjunction with high resolution-mass spectrometry (HR-MS) data. Tumonoic acid J showed moderate activity in the ecological assay against the marine fungus D. salina. In Chapter Four, NMR-guided fractionation of a Floridian sample of Lyngbya majuscula led to the isolation of two novel cyclic peptides porpoisamides A and B. The planar structures were determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy with HR-MS data. The absolute configurations of these two compounds were defined through chiral chromatographic methods and derivatization techniques., The porpoisamides showed only moderate activity in cytotoxicity assays against cancer cell lines HCT-116 and U2OS. Finally, Chapter Five examines a potential ecological role of compounds isolated from marine cyanobacte ria. These secondary metabolites may function as chemical defenses against competing microorganisms within marine environments. Compounds isolated from cyanobacteria were tested for anti-fungal activity against the saprophytic marine fungus D. salina. Three of the six compounds tested produced inhibitory activity at or below their natural concentration.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/2978991
Subject Headings: Sponges, Ecology, Cyanobacteria, Biological control, Aquatic ecology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: EVALUATING THE EFFECT OF THERMAL ANOMALIES ON CORAL REEF BENTHIC COMPETITIVE INTERACTIONS.
Creator: Spagnolia, Christopher T., Chaves-Fonnegra, Andia, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Marine Science and Oceanography, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Climate change has intensified thermal anomalies in coral reef ecosystems, contributing to coral bleaching and decline. As corals die, reef fragmentation increases, and species interactions in the benthos change. However, it is unclear which competitive interactions may prevail and structure future reef ecosystems. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of thermal anomalies on coral reef benthic competitive interactions. Photoquadrats in southeast Florida reef sites were assessed...
Show moreClimate change has intensified thermal anomalies in coral reef ecosystems, contributing to coral bleaching and decline. As corals die, reef fragmentation increases, and species interactions in the benthos change. However, it is unclear which competitive interactions may prevail and structure future reef ecosystems. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of thermal anomalies on coral reef benthic competitive interactions. Photoquadrats in southeast Florida reef sites were assessed over 15-years to generate interaction metrics and determine effects on hard coral survivorship. A state-transition model was created to predict the resultant community across 100 years with thermal scenarios concordant with the IPCC RCP 4.5 and 8.5. Interaction doubled across three thermal anomaly events and ended up mainly composed of pairwise examples between Dictyota, Halimeda, Niphates erecta, and Erythropodium caribaeorum. Century projections confirm that soft coral and sponge interactions will increase through thermal anomalies. The survival of hard corals was more successful when colonies were in permanent or intermittent interactions than when colonies were solitary (indirect interactions). Living hard corals were mostly found interacting with the macroalgae, Dictyota, and sponge Aplysina cauliformis, while corals that died were mainly in interactions with the soft coral E. caribaeorum, and sponges N. erecta, C. delitrix, D. anchorata, and Ircinia campana. Future reefs will be composed of more interactions between soft corals and sponges as thermal anomalies intensify, which will result in a patchier and flatter community.
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Date Issued: 2023
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014257
Subject Headings: Coral reef ecology, Climate change, Benthic ecology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: FORAGING ECOLOGY OF A WADING BIRD IN TIDALLY INFLUENCED HABITATS: A SEQUENTIAL MODELING FRAMEWORK.
Creator: Martinez, Marisa Takada, Gawlik, Dale E., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: I used empirical data to inform spatially- and temporally-explicit predictions of time-integrated habitat availability (TiHAB), quantify spatiotemporal patterns of resource selection by Little Blue Herons (Egretta caerulea), and evaluate foraging activity as function of resource availability and prey dynamics. Evaluating resource availability over time accounts for the magnitude and duration of resource change. This approach is useful for understanding mechanisms that underlie resource...
Show moreI used empirical data to inform spatially- and temporally-explicit predictions of time-integrated habitat availability (TiHAB), quantify spatiotemporal patterns of resource selection by Little Blue Herons (Egretta caerulea), and evaluate foraging activity as function of resource availability and prey dynamics. Evaluating resource availability over time accounts for the magnitude and duration of resource change. This approach is useful for understanding mechanisms that underlie resource selection in dynamic environments and for guilds that are sensitive to changes in prey availability like wading birds. I found that average TiHAB varied interannually whereby gains and losses in Little Blue Heron foraging habitat at the landscape scale (1-8 km) occurred from slight differences in annual tidal cycles otherwise imperceptible with water depth data alone. Local patterns of resource selection by Little Blue Herons were temporally consistent but spatially variable across tidally influenced environments. TiHAB was the most important habitat attribute over time and space and was superior to other environmental features and prey density as a predictor of Little Blue Heron resource selection. Foraging activity did not show a clear association with probability of resource selection, but foraging metrics were best described by changes in TiHAB consistent with changes in foraging strategy. I conclude that spatiotemporal variation in resource availability reliably predicts patterns of dynamic habitat selection and supports an energy-maximizing foraging strategy for wading birds in tidally influenced habitats. This modeling framework can be applied to quantify the spatiotemporal availability of resources in real-time or under hydrologic restoration regimes and sea level rise scenarios, and track species responses to hydrologic and other environmental fluctuations.
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Date Issued: 2022
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013925
Subject Headings: Ecology, Herons, Wading birds, Ecological modelling
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Living stromatolites, built by the cyanobacterium Schizothrix gebeleinii, form enduring modern reef structures.
Creator: Littler, Mark M., Littler, Diane S., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Date Issued: 2001
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/2783216
Subject Headings: Stromatolites, Coral reef --ecology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Interactions between light and temperature on the physiological ecology of Gracilaria tikvahiae (Gigartinales: Rhodophyta) I. Growth, photosynthesis and respiration.
Creator: Lapointe, Brian E., Tenore, K. R., Dawes, Clinton J.
Date Issued: 1984
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3176747
Subject Headings: Rhodophyta, Gracilaria, Physiological ecology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Identification of the bacterial symbiont Entotheonella sp. in the mesohyl of the marine sponge Discodermia sp.
Creator: Bruck, W. M., Sennett, Susan H., Pomponi, Shirley A., Willenz, P., McCarthy, Peter J.
Date Issued: 2008
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3183806
Subject Headings: Bacteria Ecology, Symbiosis, Sponges
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Distributional ecology of amphipods and tanaidaceans associated with three sea grass species.
Creator: Stoner, Allan W., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Date Issued: 1983
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3351924
Subject Headings: Amphipoda, Tanaidacea, Seagrasses, Ecology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Zooplankton and Karenia brevis in the Gulf of Mexico.
Creator: Lester, Kristen M., Heil, Cynthia A., Neely, Merry B., Spence, Danylle N., Murasko, Susan, Hopkins, Thomas L., Sutton, Tracey T., Burghart, Scott E., Bohrer, Richard N., Remsen, Andrew W., Vargo, Gabriel A., Walsh, John J., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Date Issued: 2007
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/2763292
Subject Headings: Zooplankton-- Ecology, Dinoflagellates
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Habitat location and selection by the Sargassum crab Portunus sayi: the role of sensory cues.
Creator: West, Lorin E., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description: The Sargassum community consists of a unique and idverse assemblage of fauna critical to pelagic food chains. Associated organisms presumably have adaptations to assist in finding Sargassum. This study investigated cues used for habitat location and selection by the Sargassum crab, Portunus sayi. Chemical detection trials were conducted with a two-chamber choice apparatus with Sargassum spp. and Thalassia testudinum as source odors. Visual detection trials (devoid of chemical cues) and...
Show moreThe Sargassum community consists of a unique and idverse assemblage of fauna critical to pelagic food chains. Associated organisms presumably have adaptations to assist in finding Sargassum. This study investigated cues used for habitat location and selection by the Sargassum crab, Portunus sayi. Chemical detection trials were conducted with a two-chamber choice apparatus with Sargassum spp. and Thalassia testudinum as source odors. Visual detection trials (devoid of chemical cues) and habitat selection trials were conducted in which crabs were given a choice of habitats. Results showed that P. sayi respoded to chemical odors from Sargassum spp. Crabs visually located habitats but did not visually distinguish between different habitats. In habitat selection trials, crabs selected Sargassum spp. over artificial Sargassum and T. testudinum. These results suggest that crabs isolated from Sargassum likely use chemoreception from longer distances ; within visual proximity of a potential patch, crabs use both chemical and visual information.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3356901
Subject Headings: Habitat (Ecology), Sargassum, Ecology, Marine chemical ecology, Chemoreceptors, Animal behavior, Animal communication, Portunus sayi, Ecology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: CULTURAL DIFFERENCES AMONG REGIONAL MANIFESTATIONS OF HOPEWELL: A CULTURAL-ECOLOGICAL APPROACH.
Creator: WILLIAMS, WILLIAM STANLEY JR., Florida Atlantic University, Sears, William H., Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of Anthropology
Abstract/Description: Four regional manifestations of Hopewell were selected on the basis of readily available evidence. These regional manifestations were compared to note their similarities and differences. Similarities were readily explained by commonality of participation in the Hopewell Cult. Differences were explained in terms of the type of environment to which each regional manifestation was subjected. These differences in complexity led to a definition of Hopewell more consistent with the evidence at hand...
Show moreFour regional manifestations of Hopewell were selected on the basis of readily available evidence. These regional manifestations were compared to note their similarities and differences. Similarities were readily explained by commonality of participation in the Hopewell Cult. Differences were explained in terms of the type of environment to which each regional manifestation was subjected. These differences in complexity led to a definition of Hopewell more consistent with the evidence at hand, and were the result of the use of the Cultural Ecological approach as an explanatory model. Cultural ecology, through the use of theories provided by Steward and others, gives us tools by which culture and culture change can be studied and perhaps general laws can be developed. The most important factor of cultural ecology is the relationship of technology and environment. The above regional manifestations were studied in terms of technology and environment and their relationship forms the basis for the evidence in the thesis.
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Date Issued: 1975
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13745
Subject Headings: Hopewell culture, Human ecology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Growth dynamics of the seagrass Halophila johnsonii from a subtropical estuarine lagoon in southeastern Florida, United States of America.
Creator: Bolen, Layne Elizabeth, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description: Biomass, net production, turnover, and decomposition of the seagrass Halophila johnsonii were studied in the Lake Worth Lagoon, Palm Beach County, Florida, USA. Biomass and apical meristem density averaged 8.0 g dry wt/m^2 and 1122/m^2, respectively. Mean net productivity was 0.00154 g dry wt/shoot/day or 0.45cm/shoot/day with one new leaf pair for every 0.97 cm of shoot growth. Estimated turnover time was 4.6 days. Mean weight loss in plant material was 72% after three days and 88% after...
Show moreBiomass, net production, turnover, and decomposition of the seagrass Halophila johnsonii were studied in the Lake Worth Lagoon, Palm Beach County, Florida, USA. Biomass and apical meristem density averaged 8.0 g dry wt/m^2 and 1122/m^2, respectively. Mean net productivity was 0.00154 g dry wt/shoot/day or 0.45cm/shoot/day with one new leaf pair for every 0.97 cm of shoot growth. Estimated turnover time was 4.6 days. Mean weight loss in plant material was 72% after three days and 88% after seven days. No evidence was found of sexual reproduction. Halophila johnsonii's growth dynamics in the intertidal and shallow subtidal zones are characterized by low biomass, substantial apical meristem density, regular leaf pair production, rapid turnover, and rapid decomposition. Halophila johnsonii's growth in these zones provides an additional level of biomass and detritus to the shallow lagoon system.
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Date Issued: 1997
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15413
Subject Headings: Biology, Botany, Biology, Ecology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: EFFECTS OF WET SEASON HYDRO-PATTERN ON CRAYFISH (PROCAMBARUS FALLAX) POPULATION DENSITY AND JUVENILE MORTALITY RISK.
Creator: Sommer, Jeffrey L., Dorn, Nathan J., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Environmental Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Distribution and abundance of water impacts population dynamics and habitat structure within a wetland ecosystem. It is known that drought can interfere with trophic dynamics and temporarily free crayfish from the threat of predation by population limiting fish predators in seasonal freshwater wetlands. Less is known about wet season water depths, and their effect on predator prey interactions. In order to address this, I conducted a two-and-a-half-year study in which I experimentally...
Show moreDistribution and abundance of water impacts population dynamics and habitat structure within a wetland ecosystem. It is known that drought can interfere with trophic dynamics and temporarily free crayfish from the threat of predation by population limiting fish predators in seasonal freshwater wetlands. Less is known about wet season water depths, and their effect on predator prey interactions. In order to address this, I conducted a two-and-a-half-year study in which I experimentally manipulated the wet season water depth in four 8 ha replicate wetlands of the central Everglades, allowing two wetlands to be flooded as natural rainfall patterns would allow (unconstrained hydro-pattern) and two wetlands to experience a constrained hydro-pattern in which the maximum depths to which they were flooded was limited. I discovered that crayfish, small marsh fish, and large bodied predatory fish populations were unaffected by the water depth difference between the hydro-pattern treatments. Unlike fauna, flora did respond to the hydro-pattern treatments with stem densities increasing in the wetlands under the constrained hydro-pattern treatment.
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Date Issued: 2021
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013738
Subject Headings: Crayfish, Procambarus, Wetland ecology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Burrow utilization by yellowedge grouper, Epinephelus flavolimbatus, in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico.
Creator: Jones, Robert S., Gutherz, E. J., Nelson, W. R., Matlock, G. C., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Date Issued: 1989
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3333144
Subject Headings: Epinephelus, Groupers, Serranidae, Habitat (Ecology), Resource partitioning (Ecology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Acoustical detection of high-density demersal krill layers in the submarine canyons off Georges Bank.
Creator: Greene, C. H., Wiebe, P. H., Burczynski, J., Youngbluth, Marsh J.
Date Issued: 1988
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00007059
Subject Headings: Georges Bank, Krill, Bioacoustics, Euphausiidae, Marine ecology, Food chains (Ecology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Effects of simulated saltwater intrusions on the growth and survival of Wild Celery, Vallisneria americana, from the Caloosahatchee Estuary (South Florida).
Creator: Doering, Peter H., Chamberlain, Robert H., McMunigal, J. Michael, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Date Issued: 2001
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3173001
Subject Headings: American wildcelery --Ecology, Angiosperms, Marine plants, Plant ecology, Simulation
Format: Document (PDF)

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