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Cortical KCI reinstates forelimb placing following damage to the internal capsule
Title
Cortical KCI reinstates forelimb placing following damage to the internal capsule.
Creator
Wolgin, David L., Kehoe, Priscilla
Date Issued
1983-08
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/228749
Subject Headings
Physiology--Research., Drugs Physiological effect
Format
Document (PDF)
Evoked potential correlates of cognitive processing in abstinent alcoholics and cocaine addicts
Title
Evoked potential correlates of cognitive processing in abstinent alcoholics and cocaine addicts.
Creator
Rosko, Judith., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description
The P3 and slow wave measures were examined in a simultaneous oddball task in a clinical population of alcoholics and multiple-drug addicted patients. Standard and Deviant tones and lights were used in a counting task in single modality trials in two separate test sessions and tones and lights were used simultaneously but independently in a counting task in which tones were to be ignored and deviant lights were to be counted. Differences between clinical subjects and control subjects and...
Show moreThe P3 and slow wave measures were examined in a simultaneous oddball task in a clinical population of alcoholics and multiple-drug addicted patients. Standard and Deviant tones and lights were used in a counting task in single modality trials in two separate test sessions and tones and lights were used simultaneously but independently in a counting task in which tones were to be ignored and deviant lights were to be counted. Differences between clinical subjects and control subjects and between test sessions were examined. While there were no significant results between test sessions, there were significant differences between controls and clinical subjects in the P3 component. Amplitude of the P3 was smaller for the clinical subjects in all three conditions and in the bimodal task there was evidence in the P3 EP measure that the clinical group had difficulty ignoring the tones, although there were no significant differences in accuracy of count possibly due to a temporal deficiency on the part of the clinical subjects.
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Date Issued
1989
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14541
Subject Headings
Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology), Drugs--Physiological effect
Format
Document (PDF)
Effect of prior sensitization of stereotypy on the acquisition and retention of tolerance to amphetamine hypophagia
Title
Effect of prior sensitization of stereotypy on the acquisition and retention of tolerance to amphetamine hypophagia.
Creator
Hughes, Katherine M., Florida Atlantic University, Wolgin, David L.
Abstract/Description
The purpose of this study was to determine whether prior sensitization of stereotypy interferes with the development and retention of tolerance to amphetamine-induced hypophagia. Rats were given intermittent injections of either amphetamine to induce sensitization of stereotypy, or saline. Both sensitized and nonsensitized groups became tolerant to drug-induced hypophagia to the same degree. Such tolerance was accompanied by a decrease in the frequency of stereotyped movements while milk was...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to determine whether prior sensitization of stereotypy interferes with the development and retention of tolerance to amphetamine-induced hypophagia. Rats were given intermittent injections of either amphetamine to induce sensitization of stereotypy, or saline. Both sensitized and nonsensitized groups became tolerant to drug-induced hypophagia to the same degree. Such tolerance was accompanied by a decrease in the frequency of stereotyped movements while milk was available. After a 4 wk drug withdrawal period, both groups lost tolerance and displayed more intense stereotypy than they had prior to drug withdrawal. Therefore, sensitization of stereotypy did not retard the development of tolerance. However, the loss of tolerance following drug withdrawal may have been due to the development of more intense stereotypy and/or the "unlearning" of previously acquired strategies for suppressing stereotypy.
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Date Issued
1996
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15287
Subject Headings
Drug tolerance, Drugs--Physiological effect, Amphetamines--Physiological effect
Format
Document (PDF)
Effect of prior sensitization of stereotypy on the development of tolerance to amphetamine induced hypophagia
Title
Effect of prior sensitization of stereotypy on the development of tolerance to amphetamine induced hypophagia.
Creator
Kinney, Gene G., Florida Atlantic University, Wolgin, David L., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description
It was hypothesized that animals sensitized to the stereotyped behavioral effects of amphetamine would have a more difficult time developing tolerance to the hypophagic effect of the drug than nonsensitized animals. Although sensitized animals showed more intense stereotypy, they were not impaired in the development of tolerance, or in the amount of tolerance gained, thus showing a dissociation between these two variables. Differential sensitization was also shown to these effects. That is,...
Show moreIt was hypothesized that animals sensitized to the stereotyped behavioral effects of amphetamine would have a more difficult time developing tolerance to the hypophagic effect of the drug than nonsensitized animals. Although sensitized animals showed more intense stereotypy, they were not impaired in the development of tolerance, or in the amount of tolerance gained, thus showing a dissociation between these two variables. Differential sensitization was also shown to these effects. That is, sensitized animals were not impaired on milk intake, whereas nonsensitized animals became more sensitive to the hypophagic effect of amphetamine. Further, it was found that animals sensitized to the stereotyped behavioral effects of the drug developed tolerance to this effect, and this tolerance was found to occur both in the presence and absence of milk.
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Date Issued
1992
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14792
Subject Headings
Drug tolerance, Drugs--Physiological effect, Amphetamines--Physiological effect
Format
Document (PDF)
Neural Activity Associated with Tolerance to Amphetamine Hypophagia
Title
Neural Activity Associated with Tolerance to Amphetamine Hypophagia.
Creator
Bachand, Kimberlee D., Wolgin, David L., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description
There is a growing body of literature indicating that drug effects are influenced by the context in which they are taken, and that neuroadaptations resulting from chronic drug use are similarly context dependent. Contingent tolerance to amphetamine-induced hypophagia is mediated by the learned suppression of stereotyped behaviors, and is an example of a drug-environment interaction. This form of behavioral tolerance depends upon instrumental learning, by which rats learn a strategy to...
Show moreThere is a growing body of literature indicating that drug effects are influenced by the context in which they are taken, and that neuroadaptations resulting from chronic drug use are similarly context dependent. Contingent tolerance to amphetamine-induced hypophagia is mediated by the learned suppression of stereotyped behaviors, and is an example of a drug-environment interaction. This form of behavioral tolerance depends upon instrumental learning, by which rats learn a strategy to suppress drug-induced stereotypies that interfere with feeding. Considerable progress has been made in understanding contingent tolerance at the behavioral level; little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying contingent tolerance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to delineate neural circuitry involved in contingent tolerance. The differential activation of neurons expressing the immediate early gene c-fos was analyzed throughout the brains of amphetamine-tolerant and non-tolerant rats, using the Before-After paradigm; the amphetamine tolerant group received injections of amphetamine (2.0 mg/kg) before access to milk, after-amphetamine and after-saline groups (i.e., nontolerant) received injections of amphetamine after access to milk, and the saline group received saline at both time points. The experimental design permitted us to identify structures uniquely involved in tolerance from those associated with drinking milk, having a history of amphetamine, or receiving an injection of amphetamine on the final test. The unique finding reported here is that when amphetamine is given in an environment containing food, patterns of c-fos are very different than when the drug is given in an environment without food. Results showed that amphetamine-tolerant animals had significant increases in c-fos in a set of interconnected structures throughout the brain, as compared with non-tolerant and saline rats. These data supported the hypothesis that structures associated with the dorsal striatum mediate the response selection of feeding and the inhibition of stereotypies, while the ventral striatum, via instrumental learning, reinforces the selection and inhibition of competing motor behaviors. Results also support the idea that the mechanisms of tolerance involve several neural subsystems that function to modulate motor, motivational, and reward-based learning. Specifically, the learned suppression of stereotypies involves the tolerance "Response Selection," "Reinforcement," and "Instrumental Learning" subsystems.
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Date Issued
2006
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000847
Subject Headings
Amphetamines--Physiological effect, Drug tolerance, Drugs--Physiological effect, Rats as laboratory animals
Format
Document (PDF)
Tolerance to amphetamine in cannula vs. bottle-fed animals
Title
Tolerance to amphetamine in cannula vs. bottle-fed animals.
Creator
Walls, Julie A., Florida Atlantic University, Wolgin, David L.
Abstract/Description
The effects of amphetamine on the milk intake, body weight, and behavioral activity of bottle- and cannula-fed rats was investigated in a before/after paradigm. Dose response determinations were conducted before (DR 1) and after (DR 2) chronic treatment (45 days) with amphetamine (8.0 mg/kg) given either before or after milk tests, to determine whether tolerance developed to the anorexic effect of the drug. Control groups were given saline during the chronic phase. Both cannula- and bottle...
Show moreThe effects of amphetamine on the milk intake, body weight, and behavioral activity of bottle- and cannula-fed rats was investigated in a before/after paradigm. Dose response determinations were conducted before (DR 1) and after (DR 2) chronic treatment (45 days) with amphetamine (8.0 mg/kg) given either before or after milk tests, to determine whether tolerance developed to the anorexic effect of the drug. Control groups were given saline during the chronic phase. Both cannula- and bottle-fed animals lost a significant amount of weight. Cannula-fed animals drank significantly more than bottle-fed animals throughout the chronic phase. Statistical analysis revealed significant increases in intake from DR 1 to DR 2 for the after and saline cannula-fed groups, and the before, after, and saline bottle-fed groups. All groups showed an increase in intake from DR 1 to DR 2, though the increase of the before cannula-fed group failed to reach statistical significance.
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Date Issued
1997
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15488
Subject Headings
Rats as laboratory animals, Drug tolerance, Drugs--Physiological effect, Amphetamines--Physiological effect
Format
Document (PDF)
Measurement of Cognitive Function using the CANT AB Neuropsychological Battery in Current and Previous Human Ecstasy (MDMA) Users: A Polydrug Control Study
Title
Measurement of Cognitive Function using the CANT AB Neuropsychological Battery in Current and Previous Human Ecstasy (MDMA) Users: A Polydrug Control Study.
Creator
Paz, Andres L., Hughes, Katherine M., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description
Widespread use of the illicit drug ecstasy (MDMA or 3,4- Methylenedioxymethamphetarnine) and the possible neurological damage caused by its abuse is disconcerting. This study examined possible cognitive impairments in ecstasy users while controlling for polydrug use. The CANT AB neuropsychological tests was used to test working memory capacity, immediate and delayed perceptual matching, shifting of attention, episodic memory, and learning in current and previous ecstasy users compared to non...
Show moreWidespread use of the illicit drug ecstasy (MDMA or 3,4- Methylenedioxymethamphetarnine) and the possible neurological damage caused by its abuse is disconcerting. This study examined possible cognitive impairments in ecstasy users while controlling for polydrug use. The CANT AB neuropsychological tests was used to test working memory capacity, immediate and delayed perceptual matching, shifting of attention, episodic memory, and learning in current and previous ecstasy users compared to non-ecstasy polydrug users. The prediction that current and heavy previous ecstasy users would perform worse on the neuropsychological tests, when compared to polydrug control group, denoting neurological damage was not confirmed. The previous light ecstasy users' performance was also equivalent to the poly drug control group, suggesting that excessive ecstasy use is required to reveal cognitive impairments .. The results suggest that the amount of ecstasy consumed by the participants did not lead to cognitive impairments in the brain regions investigated and supports a 'moderation idea'.
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Date Issued
2006
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000805
Subject Headings
Ecstasy (Drug)--Psychological effect, Designer drugs--Physiological effect, Drugs of abuse--Physiological effect, Attachment behavior--Case studies
Format
Document (PDF)