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Is there an error correcting code in the base sequence in DNA?
Title
Is there an error correcting code in the base sequence in DNA?.
Creator
Liebovitch, Larry S., Levine, Leo, Tao, Yi, Todorov, Angelo T.
Date Issued
1996-09
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/165441
Subject Headings
Biophysics--Research, DNA, Genetics, DNA Repair--genetics, DNA--Analysis--Mathematical models, Genetic code
Format
Document (PDF)
Analysis of Tardigrade Damage Suppressor Protein (Dsup) Expressed in Tobacco
Title
Analysis of Tardigrade Damage Suppressor Protein (Dsup) Expressed in Tobacco.
Creator
Kirke, Justin, Zhang, Xing-Hai, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description
DNA damage is one of the most harmful stress inducers in living organisms. Studies have shown that exposure to high doses of various types of radiation cause DNA sequence changes (mutation) and disturb protein synthesis, hormone balance, leaf gas exchange and enzyme activity. Recent discovery of a protein called Damage Suppressor Protein (Dsup), found in the tardigrade species Ramazzotius varieornatus, has shown to reduce the effects of radiation damage in human cell lines. We have generated...
Show moreDNA damage is one of the most harmful stress inducers in living organisms. Studies have shown that exposure to high doses of various types of radiation cause DNA sequence changes (mutation) and disturb protein synthesis, hormone balance, leaf gas exchange and enzyme activity. Recent discovery of a protein called Damage Suppressor Protein (Dsup), found in the tardigrade species Ramazzotius varieornatus, has shown to reduce the effects of radiation damage in human cell lines. We have generated multiple lines of tobacco plants expressing the Dsup gene and preformed numerous tests to show viability and response of these transgenic plants when exposed to mutagenic chemicals, UV radiation and ionizing radiation. We have also investigated Dsup function in association to DNA damage and repair in plants by analyzing the expression of related genes using RT-qPCR. We have also analyzed DNA damage from X-ray and UV treatments using an Alkaline Comet Assay. This project has the potential to help generate plants that are tolerant to more extreme stress environments, particularly DNA damage and mutation, unshielded by our atmosphere. The possibility of growing plants accompanying human space travel and extraterrestrial colonization inspires our imagination. Extremotolerant tardigrade genes such as Dsup may be a valuable avenue in helping to cultivate crops in these future endeavors.
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Date Issued
2019
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013384
Subject Headings
DNA damage, DNA Damage--radiation effects, Tardigrada, DNA Repair, Transgenic plants
Format
Document (PDF)
The Role of Exoribonucleases and MutT Pyrophosphohydrolase in the Surveillance of Oxidatively-damaged RNA
Title
The Role of Exoribonucleases and MutT Pyrophosphohydrolase in the Surveillance of Oxidatively-damaged RNA.
Creator
Zhang, Jianan, Li, Zhongwei, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description
Three important exoribonucleases degrading RNAs in sequence-independent manner, RNase II, RNase Rand polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase), were shown to protect cells against oxidative stress. This is presumably due to the function of the exoribonucleases in the removal of oxidized RNA in cells. MutT pyrophosphohydrolase .was previously reported to scavenge oxidized nucleotides 8-oxoGTP and 8-oxoGDP, prevent their incorporation into RNA. Deficiency of MutT may lead to an increase in the...
Show moreThree important exoribonucleases degrading RNAs in sequence-independent manner, RNase II, RNase Rand polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase), were shown to protect cells against oxidative stress. This is presumably due to the function of the exoribonucleases in the removal of oxidized RNA in cells. MutT pyrophosphohydrolase .was previously reported to scavenge oxidized nucleotides 8-oxoGTP and 8-oxoGDP, prevent their incorporation into RNA. Deficiency of MutT may lead to an increase in the level of 8-oxoG in RNA, which may enhance the requirement of the RNA surveillance function of the exoribonucleases. This study focuses on the roles of the RNA-degradation exoribonucleases in the removal of oxidatively-damaged RNA in the mutT background. This work shows that mutT mutation enhances the sensitivity of the RNase mutants to hydrogen peroxide. Growth defect of the pnp mutT mutant was detected even under normal aeration, but was rescued to the level of pnp mutant under anaerobic conditions. The pnp mutT mutant shows high mutator activity observed from LacZ reporter system and high level of 8-oxoG in RNA, strongly suggest that PNPase is responsible for removing 8-oxoG containing RNAs elevated in mutT background. Additionally, genetic instability observed from the mutant lacking RNase II and MutT supports the idea that RNase II may adopt a distinct pathway to reduce deleterious effect from oxidation challenge.
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Date Issued
2007
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000856
Subject Headings
Nucleic acids--Oxidation, DNA repair, Chemical mutagenesis
Format
Document (PDF)