Current Search: Budget (x)
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Title
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ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF GOVERNMENT DEBT AND DEFICITS: DEBT NEUTRALITY OR CROWDING OUT?.
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Creator
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BROSNAHAN, GARY W., Florida Atlantic University, Manage, Neela D., College of Business, Department of Economics
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Abstract/Description
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The economic implications of federal government debt and deficits have been the source of much debate in the past, and will continue to be for many years to come. Economists are far from agreement with respect to the effects that government borrowing has on the economy. Two major schools of thought have emerged which arrive at seemingly contrary conclusions. One school of thought contends that government bonds are perceived as net wealth by the public, and that government borrowing crowds out...
Show moreThe economic implications of federal government debt and deficits have been the source of much debate in the past, and will continue to be for many years to come. Economists are far from agreement with respect to the effects that government borrowing has on the economy. Two major schools of thought have emerged which arrive at seemingly contrary conclusions. One school of thought contends that government bonds are perceived as net wealth by the public, and that government borrowing crowds out private investment, while the other school of thought arrives at precisely the opposite conclusions. An empirical investigation was used to test the validity of the conclusions of these schools of thought.
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Date Issued
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1987
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14383
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Subject Headings
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Debts, Public, Budget deficits
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Is operating budget execution really a coherent process?.
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Creator
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Campbell, Kenneth Alan, Florida Atlantic University, Mendell, Jay S., Lynch, Thomas D., College for Design and Social Inquiry, School of Public Administration
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Abstract/Description
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Most of the debate within public budgeting has centered on whether the incremental or non-incremental approach is best. In a theoretical context, little attention has been paid to the actual execution of an entity's budget. Specific theoretical objectives must be met for execution to take place: the objectives have been arranged in different ways, yet the basic requirements have remained constant. The dissertation compared these established theoretical objectives with actual budget execution;...
Show moreMost of the debate within public budgeting has centered on whether the incremental or non-incremental approach is best. In a theoretical context, little attention has been paid to the actual execution of an entity's budget. Specific theoretical objectives must be met for execution to take place: the objectives have been arranged in different ways, yet the basic requirements have remained constant. The dissertation compared these established theoretical objectives with actual budget execution; it concentrated on whether actual budgeting practice met the requirements of budget execution as depicted in normative theory. The research question asked to what extent is practice consistent with theory. The reality of budget practice was determined through survey responses. The questions were based on the procedures required for carrying out the theoretical objectives of execution. Surveys were sent to budget practitioners within the two-county area in southeast Florida. These individuals are responsible for public sector budgeting within their various entities on a state, county, and local level. The survey asked for the respondents perceptions of actual practice as it related to budget execution within their entity. The individual responses were evaluated and analyzed. Factor Analysis was used to determine the loading of eleven specific objectives. The patterns created by the factor loading were explored; it established how the objectives were viewed and whether there was a monolithic approach to execution. The results of the factor loading suggested that, in practice, budget objectives are not recognized as a cohesive process. Theory failed to match actual budget execution. Established procedures found in theory are only partially recognized by those who practice budgeting. A chi-square analysis of the survey results were examined to establish internal validity of the survey instrument and determine whether the responses were influenced by the independent variables. The results of the chi-square failed to note any influence on the responses.
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Date Issued
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1994
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12374
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Subject Headings
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Fiscal policy, Finance, Public, Budget
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Capital budgeting in American county governments: Analysis of current practices.
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Creator
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Sekwat, Alex Sube, Florida Atlantic University, Thai, Khi V.
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Abstract/Description
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This study analyzes the current practices of capital budgeting in American county governments. The analysis includes a determination of the factors believed to influence the use of a capital budget in counties. The bulk of the data for the study were gathered by means of survey research. A questionnaire was designed, pre-tested, and administered to a select group of county finance officers across the United States. Stratified random sampling procedures were employed in the selection of the...
Show moreThis study analyzes the current practices of capital budgeting in American county governments. The analysis includes a determination of the factors believed to influence the use of a capital budget in counties. The bulk of the data for the study were gathered by means of survey research. A questionnaire was designed, pre-tested, and administered to a select group of county finance officers across the United States. Stratified random sampling procedures were employed in the selection of the sample frame. Limited supplementary data obtained from secondary sources were also used. Descriptive statistics, measures of association, and logistic regression procedures were used in the analysis and interpretation of the data. The analysis of the data using contingency tables and measures of association reveal a significant relationship between the dependent variable, i.e., the use of a capital budget, and several independent variables, notably: degree of urbanization, form of government, state requirements, capital improvement program (CIP), federal grants, state grants, and a periodic inspection program. No significant relationship was established between the use of a capital budget and the following independent variables: geographic region, risk and uncertainty, and size of capital budget or capital investments. Moreover, the analysis of the results reveals that counties with capital budget in contrast to counties without a one have a higher incidence and are more predisposed to: (1) utilize a CIP, (2) receive intergovernmental grants for capital investments, (3) consider risk and uncertainty in evaluating capital investment proposals, (4) have their infrastructure facilities in fairly good physical condition, (5) employ a periodic inspection program, (6) tend to have a large population (urban), and (7) have an elected or appointed professional administrator. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis was used to determine the covariates that have a strong explanatory power of the dependent variable. After testing several models, the parsimonious and best fitting model contained the following variables, and interaction terms: urbanization, state requirements, use a of CIP, interaction of federal grants and urbanization, and interaction of state grants and state requirements. Overall, the results from descriptive statistics, measures of association, and logistic regression analysis, seem to suggest that county governments that use a capital budget performed slightly better than counties without a capital budget when the independent variables are considered as performance indicators.
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Date Issued
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1994
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12361
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Subject Headings
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County Budgets--Appropriations and Expenditures, County Budgets--United States, Capital Budget--United States
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Seasonal variations in the heat energy budget of the Indian River Lagoon, Florida.
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Creator
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Smith, Ned P.
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Date Issued
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1983
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00007475
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Subject Headings
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Indian River (Fla. : Lagoon), Heat budget (Geophysics)
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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The Government Finance Officers Association's (GFOA) Distinguished Budget Presentation Awards Program: Differences between successful and denied applicants.
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Creator
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Long, Donald C., Florida Atlantic University, Lynch, Thomas D.
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Abstract/Description
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This dissertation focuses on the Government Finance Officers Association's (GFOA) Distinguished Budget Presentation Awards Program. The number of applicants has steadily increased since the awards program was initiated in 1984. In order to win the award an agency must receive a favorable rating by reviewers, based on guidelines established by GFOA. This exploratory research relates to those local government agencies which applied for the award during the 1991-92 fiscal year. Very limited...
Show moreThis dissertation focuses on the Government Finance Officers Association's (GFOA) Distinguished Budget Presentation Awards Program. The number of applicants has steadily increased since the awards program was initiated in 1984. In order to win the award an agency must receive a favorable rating by reviewers, based on guidelines established by GFOA. This exploratory research relates to those local government agencies which applied for the award during the 1991-92 fiscal year. Very limited research has been conducted on this GFOA awards program. No research has identified differences between winning and denied agencies. The broad research question is: Is there a significant difference between winning and denied applicants for the award, according to the studied variables? The hypothesis is that there are differences between the groups, according to the studied variables. A survey of all 584 applicants was conducted during March, 1993. A total of 544 surveys were returned. The statistical techniques employed in the study include t-tests, chi-square analysis, and discriminant analysis. The null hypothesis that there is no difference between the means of the two groups (winning and denied agencies) is rejected for thirteen (13) of the thirty-eight (38) variables. Through discriminant analysis, the research identifies seven variables which create the best discriminant function. These variables include population size (POPULATE), use of performance measures (PERFMEAS), use of word processing (WORDPROC), previous receipt of the GFOA financial reporting certificate (GFOACERT), agency participation as a program reviewer (REVIEWER), number of pages in the annual budget (PAGES), and participants' views that the program uses a fair process of evaluation (FAIR). Future research into the GFOA Distinguished Budget Presentation Awards program should include more detailed analysis into the variables which appear to be associated with winning agencies.
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Date Issued
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1994
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12376
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Subject Headings
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Government Finance Officers Association, Local budgets--Awards, Budget--Competitions
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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ALTERNATIVE VIEWS OF THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF GOVERNMENT DEFICITS.
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Creator
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TROMBINO, FRANK V., Florida Atlantic University, Manage, Neela D., College of Business, Department of Economics
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Abstract/Description
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Federal government budget deficits and federal government debt have been the cause of controversy and debate in recent years. Economists have argued over the effects of government debt and government deficits in the economy. Of particular interest is the view that associates large government deficits and government debt to higher rates of interest and to reduced private investment in the economy. An alternative view contends that federal budget deficits and federal debt have no effect on...
Show moreFederal government budget deficits and federal government debt have been the cause of controversy and debate in recent years. Economists have argued over the effects of government debt and government deficits in the economy. Of particular interest is the view that associates large government deficits and government debt to higher rates of interest and to reduced private investment in the economy. An alternative view contends that federal budget deficits and federal debt have no effect on interest rates and private investment in the economy. Statistical techniques were used to test both views regarding the effects of budget deficits.
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Date Issued
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1986
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14335
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Subject Headings
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Budget deficits--United States, Fiscal policy--United States
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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THE EFFECT AND IMPACT ON EXECUTIVE-LEGISLATIVE RELATIONS OF THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET AND IMPOUNDMENT CONTROL ACT OF 1974.
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Creator
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SAVIA, STEVEN ALFRED., Florida Atlantic University, Gatlin, Douglas S., Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of Political Science
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Abstract/Description
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Congress, through enactment of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, has injected management tools and techniques into it's division of the labor of the budgetary process. This has changed the relationship between the legislative and executive branches of government in regard to the budgetary process. Previous to the 1974 budget reform, Congress had altered the budgetary process significantly in 1921, giving extensive responsibility in budget preparation to the...
Show moreCongress, through enactment of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, has injected management tools and techniques into it's division of the labor of the budgetary process. This has changed the relationship between the legislative and executive branches of government in regard to the budgetary process. Previous to the 1974 budget reform, Congress had altered the budgetary process significantly in 1921, giving extensive responsibility in budget preparation to the President and his staff. While during the succeeding years the Executive branch had utilized new management tools and techniques in budget preparation, the same could not be said for t.he legislative branch in budget evaluation. Two attempts at reform, in 1946 and also in 1950, failed and criticism continued. After a confrontation with President Nixon in the early 1970's Congress moved to create the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974.
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Date Issued
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1978
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13922
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Subject Headings
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Budget--United States, United States--Appropriations and expenditures
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Enforcing budgetary and legal compliance in the government sector: An assessment of preauditing in the state of Kuwait.
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Creator
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Almutairi, Yousef Mohammad, Florida Atlantic University, Thai, Khi V.
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Abstract/Description
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Auditing has become both a vital activity that validates correct operations of an accounting system and is an important tool to measure financial and public accountability. Preauditing implementation in Kuwait since 1994 has been designed to ensure and improve compliance with budgetary laws and regulations by governmental units before budget execution. The purpose of this study is to examine whether compliance has been improved in those governmental units that apply preauditing and to...
Show moreAuditing has become both a vital activity that validates correct operations of an accounting system and is an important tool to measure financial and public accountability. Preauditing implementation in Kuwait since 1994 has been designed to ensure and improve compliance with budgetary laws and regulations by governmental units before budget execution. The purpose of this study is to examine whether compliance has been improved in those governmental units that apply preauditing and to determine the factors that affect compliance with budgetary laws and regulations. The research framework is based on a literature review of governmental auditing, enforcement research, and the principal-agent model. Data for this study were obtained from survey questionnaires from financial auditors and managers in governmental units that apply preauditing and those that do not yet apply it. Also, interviews with key public officials added objective and documentary data about preauditing. Factor analysis was employed to summarize the main research independent variables. Multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate the association and relationship between the independent factors and compliance with budgetary laws and regulations (dependent variable) and test the research hypotheses. The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that four factors had a statistically significant association with the dependent variable. These factors were organizational enforcement of penalties, the financial managers' ethics and discretion, political enforcement by the National Assembly, and organizational control and accountability. About 50% of the variation is explained by the factors in the regression equation. The survey results indicate that preauditing has been successful in leading to improvement in compliance in those governmental units that apply preauditing. This finding is supported by the results of the objective data about the governmental units that applied preauditing for three fiscal years. On the other hand, a one way ANOVA analysis showed no significant statistical difference in regard to improvement in compliance with budgetary laws and regulations between governmental units that apply preauditing and those that do not. Based on the study's findings, practical recommendations are presented to improve compliance and the role of preauditing, as well as suggested directions for future research.
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Date Issued
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2000
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12638
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Subject Headings
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Compliance auditing--Kuwait, Auditing, Internal, Budget--Kuwait
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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The impact of the budget deficit on key macroeconomic variables in the major industrial countries.
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Creator
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Al-Khedair, Saleh Ibrahim, Florida Atlantic University, Thai, Khi V.
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Abstract/Description
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This study was conducted to analyze the impact of the budget deficit on key macroeconomic variables in the seven major industrial countries (G-7): Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Four models were developed to test the impact of the budget deficit on the variables of importance within the economies of the countries in question. The first model tested the relationship between the budget deficit and the short-term interest rate. The second...
Show moreThis study was conducted to analyze the impact of the budget deficit on key macroeconomic variables in the seven major industrial countries (G-7): Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Four models were developed to test the impact of the budget deficit on the variables of importance within the economies of the countries in question. The first model tested the relationship between the budget deficit and the short-term interest rate. The second explored the impact of the budget deficit on the long-term interest rate. The third model examined the impact of the budget deficit on the trade balance. The fourth and final model was specified to explain the relationship between the budget deficit and economic growth. The data utilized in this study covered the period from 1964 to 1993 and were gathered mainly from the international statistics of the International Monetary Fund. The data were standardized in the form of the percentage of the gross domestic product and the percentage change over the previous year in order to compile similar data across the seven countries. Multiple regression analysis as well as meta analysis were used to analyze the data. The multiple regression results indicated that the budget deficit leads to higher short-term interest rates in Japan and the United States. With respect to the long term-interest rate, the budget deficit led to an increase of this rate in France, Germany, and the United States. The budget deficit, however, appeared to worsen the trade balance in Canada. In Italy and the U.S., the trade balance improved with the budget deficit. With respect to the economic growth, the budget deficit is a significant variable of growth in France, Germany, and Italy. When the data for the seven countries were combined in meta analysis, the results showed that the budget deficit led to higher short-term interest rates in the seven countries. The budget deficit, however, did not manifest any impact on the long-term interest rates. The trade balance was worsened by the budget deficit and the economic growth improved in all the seven major industrial countries.
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Date Issued
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1996
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12466
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Subject Headings
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Debts, Public, Budget deficits, Fiscal policy, International economic relations
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Local energy exchanges in a shallow, coastal lagoon: Winter conditions.
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Creator
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Smith, Ned P., Kierspe, George H.
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Date Issued
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1981
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3174484
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Subject Headings
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Lagoon ecology, Heat budget (Geophysics), Ocean-atmosphere interaction, Temperature, Computer simulation
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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An investigation of the heat budget of the Indian River lagoon, Florida, during winter months.
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Creator
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Smith, Ned P.
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Date Issued
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1982
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00007145
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Subject Headings
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Indian River (Fla. : Lagoon), Heat budget (Geophysics), Meteorological data, Water temperature, Heat flux
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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An investigation of the heat energy budget of a coastal bay.
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Creator
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Smith, Ned P.
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Date Issued
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1989
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00007073
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Subject Headings
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Corpus Christi Bay (Tex.), Heat budget (Geophysics), Water temperature, Bays, Heat flux
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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APPLICABILITY OF PPBS AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL IN A SELECTED TRADE ASSOCIATION.
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Creator
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SIEGFRIED, CLARENCE A. JR., Florida Atlantic University, Zimmerer, Thomas W.
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Abstract/Description
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The purpose of the study was to determine if a Planning Programming Budgeting System (PPBS) can be an effective tool in financial planning and management of a selected association, the American Rental Association, Inc. This was done by developing an understanding of what PPBS is and of how it has been applied in the Federal, state and local governments as well as in private industry. From what was learned in this review of PPBS, the characteristics and practices of PPBS seem most appropriate...
Show moreThe purpose of the study was to determine if a Planning Programming Budgeting System (PPBS) can be an effective tool in financial planning and management of a selected association, the American Rental Association, Inc. This was done by developing an understanding of what PPBS is and of how it has been applied in the Federal, state and local governments as well as in private industry. From what was learned in this review of PPBS, the characteristics and practices of PPBS seem most appropriate to the management needs of the American Rental Association, Inc., and it could be an effective management tool in other associations. This was shown by abstracting the key features from the system developed for the American Rental Association, Inc., and examining their applicability in other selected associations. The conclusion emerged that other associations can effectively use PPBS as an improved management tool.
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Date Issued
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1972
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13517
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Subject Headings
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Program budgeting, Trade and professional associations--Management, American Rental Association--Administration
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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PROGRAM PLAN BUDGETING IN THE STATE OF FLORIDA AND ITS EFFECTIVENESS IN OBTAINING EQUITABLE FUNDING FOR STATE UNIVERSITIES.
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Creator
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PARRISH, ROBERT JOSEPH., Florida Atlantic University
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Abstract/Description
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Purpose of the Study. The purpose of the study is to investigate the appropriations activity of the State of Florida, giving attention to general revenue growth and attendant workload data, to determine whether Program Plan Budgeting has been successful in obtaining an equitable funding position for state universities. Four research objectives were established to focus the results of the investigation: (1) To determine whether PPBS workload measures have been effective in influencing general...
Show morePurpose of the Study. The purpose of the study is to investigate the appropriations activity of the State of Florida, giving attention to general revenue growth and attendant workload data, to determine whether Program Plan Budgeting has been successful in obtaining an equitable funding position for state universities. Four research objectives were established to focus the results of the investigation: (1) To determine whether PPBS workload measures have been effective in influencing general revenue allocations. (2) To determine whether the scarcity of general revenue funds has been equally felt among all state agencies. (3) To measure allocations growth in excess of the Consumer Price Index to determine if such growth was justifiable as a result of workload increases. (4) To identify those departments which experienced rapid allocation growth to determine where general revenue dollars were placed by the legislature. Conclusions. Program Plan Budgeting workload factors were not effective in obtaining equitable funding for state universities. In the eighteen departments which experienced a greater appropriations growth rate than the Department of Education during the ten year period, only half of that growth could be justified by increased workload. Only four of those departments could totally justify their allocations through increased workload. The sense of general revenue scarcity was not equally felt in all departments. In fact, Florida's total general revenues increased at a rate which exceeded that of the Consumer Price Index for the period under study. Where the Department of Education's general revenue allocation equaled 76.9 percent of all general revenue allocated in 1968/69, it comprised only 61.9 percent of the total allocation in 1977/78. Within the Department of Education, the State University System's allocation declined from 12.2 percent of total general revenue in 1968/69 to 10.9 percent of the total in 1977/78, although the University System enrollments climbed from 45,982 to 80,616 students over the period of this study.
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Date Issued
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1981
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/11789
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Subject Headings
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Program budgeting--Florida, State universities and colleges--Florida--Finance
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Local Government Decisions in a Time of Economic Decline: A Study of County Government Budget Policy During the Great Recession.
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Creator
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Wilson, Darrin Hugh, McCue, Clifford P., Florida Atlantic University, College for Design and Social Inquiry, School of Public Administration
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Abstract/Description
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This dissertation examined the literature of cutback management in the context of the Great Recession. Specifically, it studied the relationship between cutback management policies used by county governments during the recession and revenue changes. The purpose of this dissertation was to test whether or not the percent change in revenue had an impact on the probability that cutback management policies were used in the recession. According to the cutback management literature developed in the...
Show moreThis dissertation examined the literature of cutback management in the context of the Great Recession. Specifically, it studied the relationship between cutback management policies used by county governments during the recession and revenue changes. The purpose of this dissertation was to test whether or not the percent change in revenue had an impact on the probability that cutback management policies were used in the recession. According to the cutback management literature developed in the 1970s and 1980s, there should be a relationship. The theoretical framework used for this study was the rational-approach framework, which proposes that every expenditure reducing and revenue increasing policy is enacted based on the percent decrease in revenue the government faces. This suggests that the cutback management policies are a proportional response to revenue decline. The framework was operationalized by using a binary logistic regression that used policy en actment as the dependent variable and the percent change in revenue as the independent variable. Eighty-six counties were sampled and 7 years of each county's budget book were examined for policies and financial data. The research found that eleven expenditure policies and three revenue policies had a statistically significant relationship with the percent change in revenues. This resulted in the conclusion that the framework and, therefore, the cutback management literature were useful in explaining primarily expenditure policies.
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Date Issued
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2015
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004556, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004556
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Subject Headings
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Financial crises -- United States -- 21st century, Global Financial Crisis, 2008-2009, Infrastructure (Economics) -- United States -- 21st century, Local budgets -- United States, Municipal budgets -- United States, United States -- Economic conditions -- 2009-
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Impacts of federal deficits on the real GNP: The AMRC model.
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Creator
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Uysal, Ali Enis., Florida Atlantic University, Cebula, Richard, College of Business, Department of Economics
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Abstract/Description
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The economy is a system of interrelated variables which must be studied as a whole. Lack of understanding of the interrelationship between economic agents may result in misleading information. Government transactions are the only controllable input to the system. It is essential, therefore, to examine the potential effects of budget deficits, and to implement necessary safeguards against these, if the goals of a society are to be achieved.
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Date Issued
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1992
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14875
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Subject Headings
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Budget deficits--United States, Deficit financing--United States, United States--Economic policy--1981-, Economic forecasting--United States
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Format
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Document (PDF)