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Tire noise resulting from open grid bridge decks
Title
Tire noise resulting from open grid bridge decks.
Creator
Gregory, Scott Andrew., Florida Atlantic University, Cuschieri, Joseph M.
Abstract/Description
When a vehicle crosses the grid section of an open grid bridge deck, a tonal noise is generated. The tonal character of the noise is a consequence of the periodic excitation of both the tire and the grid. The excitation comes from the interaction between the vehicle tire and the periodic grid members. In this thesis, the parameters that control the level and frequency of the generated noise are investigated, with emphasis on quantifying the contribution to the overall noise level of the noise...
Show moreWhen a vehicle crosses the grid section of an open grid bridge deck, a tonal noise is generated. The tonal character of the noise is a consequence of the periodic excitation of both the tire and the grid. The excitation comes from the interaction between the vehicle tire and the periodic grid members. In this thesis, the parameters that control the level and frequency of the generated noise are investigated, with emphasis on quantifying the contribution to the overall noise level of the noise from the tire. The work in this thesis includes both laboratory and field measurements as well as theoretical analysis based on a ring model of the tire. By determining radiated acoustic power from the tires relative to the input force, the sound pressure level radiated from the tires when they cross the open grid deck is estimated. The results of this study show that the tire is the dominant source of noise on open grid bridges and in order to reduce the overall radiated noise, the excitation of the tires by the grid must be reduced. This can be accomplished by either infilling the grid deck or designing the grid to reduce the severity of the periodic excitation force.
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Date Issued
1994
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15054
Subject Headings
Bridges, Iron and steel--Floors, Bridges, Steel plate deck, Bridges--Noise, Tires--Noise
Format
Document (PDF)
Fatigue behavior of corrosion notched weathering steel samples
Title
Fatigue behavior of corrosion notched weathering steel samples.
Creator
Chen, Di, Granata, Richard D., Florida Atlantic University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
Abstract/Description
Weathering steel has been a primary construction material for bridges in the United States. Notches caused by corrosion are observed on the flange of steel I-beams. These notches reduce the cross section area of the structure and are threats to bridge safety. A606-04 Type 4 cold rolled weathering steel samples were studied in this thesis to understand the effect of notches that caused by corrosion. Weathering steel samples were in the shape of plates, which simulated flange of I-beams. The...
Show moreWeathering steel has been a primary construction material for bridges in the United States. Notches caused by corrosion are observed on the flange of steel I-beams. These notches reduce the cross section area of the structure and are threats to bridge safety. A606-04 Type 4 cold rolled weathering steel samples were studied in this thesis to understand the effect of notches that caused by corrosion. Weathering steel samples were in the shape of plates, which simulated flange of I-beams. The plate samples were notched across their surfaces by applying electrical current through an electrochemical circuit composed of an anode, a cathode and electrolyte. Sixteen samples were notched and cut into appropriate shape for fatigue testing. S-N (Stress-Number of cycles to failure) diagram established from fatigue data indicated that the fatigue strength decreased below AASHTO category B. Weibull analysis was also performed to understand the reliability distribution.
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Date Issued
2014
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004092, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004092
Subject Headings
Iron and steel bridges -- Corrosion, Protective coatings -- Evaluation, Reinforced concrete construction, Steel -- Fatigue, Steel, Structural -- Corrosion
Format
Document (PDF)
Structural modification of Bascule bridges for noise mitigation
Title
Structural modification of Bascule bridges for noise mitigation.
Creator
Takkasila, Harinatha Reddy., Florida Atlantic University, Reddy, Dronnadula V., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
Abstract/Description
Noise mitigation and enhancement of skid resistance on Bascule bridge decks, including bridges, pose a considerable challenge. Typically measured noise levels that vary from 60 to 70 dB(A) need to be reduced to eliminate public concern. The objective of this investigation was to find possible modifications to the structure of the open grid decking to reduce the radiated noise from the bridges and at the same time to improve the skid resistance. This study was complementary to the acoustic...
Show moreNoise mitigation and enhancement of skid resistance on Bascule bridge decks, including bridges, pose a considerable challenge. Typically measured noise levels that vary from 60 to 70 dB(A) need to be reduced to eliminate public concern. The objective of this investigation was to find possible modifications to the structure of the open grid decking to reduce the radiated noise from the bridges and at the same time to improve the skid resistance. This study was complementary to the acoustic testing completed in September 1994 at Florida Atlantic University. Deck panels infilled with different types of lightweight infill material for noise mitigation, were tested for fatigue performance and abrasion characteristics. The computer software ANSYS was used to model the grid panel and analyzed for different depths of concrete infill to evaluate the composite action between the infill concrete and the grid panel. A typical case study on counterbalance dynamics of an infilled deck for the Sunrise Boulevard Bridge, included horsepower requirements, trunnion bearing and bending stresses, and flexural strength adequacies of the stringer and floor beams. Skid resistance values for twelve bridges from E-274 and G-analyst measurements were compared for dry and wet conditions, and accident statistics compiled for the period 1988-1992. The cost analysis of identified options was carried out.
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Date Issued
1996
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15284
Subject Headings
Bridges--Design and construction, Bridges, Iron and steel--Floors--Evaluation, Bridges--Noise, Tires, Traffic noise
Format
Document (PDF)
Knowledge-based system for capacity rating of steel truss and skew bridges
Title
Knowledge-based system for capacity rating of steel truss and skew bridges.
Creator
Ponnuswamy, Sattanathan., Florida Atlantic University, Arockiasamy, Madasamy, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
Abstract/Description
The Knowledge Based System CARAT is developed to rate any existing steel truss bridge. CARAT is capable of rating statically determinate and indeterminate truss bridges. Corrosion, temperature effects and the remaining fatigue life of the truss members can be evaluated using CARAT. The other expert system SKEWRAT is developed to determine the strength of skew bridges. Skew AASHTO girder and slab bridges can be analyzed using SKEWRAT. The architecture of both CARAT and SKEWRAT are based on...
Show moreThe Knowledge Based System CARAT is developed to rate any existing steel truss bridge. CARAT is capable of rating statically determinate and indeterminate truss bridges. Corrosion, temperature effects and the remaining fatigue life of the truss members can be evaluated using CARAT. The other expert system SKEWRAT is developed to determine the strength of skew bridges. Skew AASHTO girder and slab bridges can be analyzed using SKEWRAT. The architecture of both CARAT and SKEWRAT are based on production system model and set of IF-THEN rules are developed using EXSYS Professional Shell editor. The inference mechanism fire rules according to the built-in reasoning process. The suggestions given by Bakht and Jaeger (8) are incorporated to determine the strength characteristics of skewed AASHTO girder and slab bridges. Programming Languages FORTRAN and C are used extensively for the software development. The validity of both the softwares are verified and illustrated in detail with four examples.
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Date Issued
1996
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15291
Subject Headings
Bridges, Truss--Evaluation--Computer programs, Bridges, Iron and steel--Evaluation--Computer programs, Bridges--Live loads--Evaluation--Computer programs, Expert systems (Computer science)
Format
Document (PDF)
Feasibility of using carbon fiber reinforced plastic tendons in prestressed concrete Double-Tee bridge system
Title
Feasibility of using carbon fiber reinforced plastic tendons in prestressed concrete Double-Tee bridge system.
Creator
Zhuang, Ming., Florida Atlantic University, Arockiasamy, Madasamy, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
Abstract/Description
One of the major problems the construction industry faces today is corrosion of reinforcing and prestressing steel, which significantly affects the durability of concrete structures. Fiber reinforced plastics (FRPs) are highly regarded as prospective replacement for steel in prestressed concrete structures under corrosive environment. This investigation was conducted to establish the feasibility of using Carbon Fiber Composite (CFC) cables as reinforcing/prestressing elements in concrete...
Show moreOne of the major problems the construction industry faces today is corrosion of reinforcing and prestressing steel, which significantly affects the durability of concrete structures. Fiber reinforced plastics (FRPs) are highly regarded as prospective replacement for steel in prestressed concrete structures under corrosive environment. This investigation was conducted to establish the feasibility of using Carbon Fiber Composite (CFC) cables as reinforcing/prestressing elements in concrete bridge structures. Besides investigating durability of CFC cables and pretensioned concrete beams with CFC cables in adverse environments (alkali and seawater), flexure and shear tests were performed on single Double-Tee beams, together with service load behavior, fatigue strength and ultimate load capacity tests on a half scale model Double-Tee girder bridge system prestressed with CFC cables. Exposure to seawater and alkali environments has no adverse effect on the strength of the CFRP tendons as well as the pretensioned beams with CFRP. Based on the flexural strength tests on Double-Tee beams, the bond between CFRP tendons and concrete is satisfactory. The Double-Tee bridge system exhibited good fatigue resistance and adequate ductility under ultimate load conditions. The ultimate load capacity of the bridge is approximately three times the service load corresponding to two HS20-44 trucks and equals 2.4 times the first crack load. Finite element analyses were carried out to predict elastic deformations and collapse load of the Double-Tee bridge prestressed with CFC cables. Feasibility of using CFC cables in bridge structures is assessed based on the experimental and analytical parameters such as deflections, strains, crack distributions and crack widths.
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Date Issued
1996
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12465
Subject Headings
Carbon fibers, Composite construction, Fiber reinforced plastics, Bridges, Iron and steel, Reinforced concrete construction, Prestressed concrete construction
Format
Document (PDF)