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ENGINEERING CHANNELS IN POROUS CALCIUM PHOSPHATE BIOCERAMIC SCAFFOLDS FOR BONE TISSUE REGENERATION
Title
ENGINEERING CHANNELS IN POROUS CALCIUM PHOSPHATE BIOCERAMIC SCAFFOLDS FOR BONE TISSUE REGENERATION.
Creator
Wang, Xuesong, Kang, Yunqing, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science
Abstract/Description
Inadequate nutrition exchange and slow transportation in a porous scaffold often resulted in insufficient vasculature formation, which hindered rapid bone regeneration. In this study, interconnected porous beta-tricalcium phosphate (b-TCP) scaffolds with channeled geometry were fabricated. In vitro fluid transportation and degradation of the scaffolds were performed. Cell attachment, migration, proliferation, and differentiation were carried out under both static and dynamic culturing...
Show moreInadequate nutrition exchange and slow transportation in a porous scaffold often resulted in insufficient vasculature formation, which hindered rapid bone regeneration. In this study, interconnected porous beta-tricalcium phosphate (b-TCP) scaffolds with channeled geometry were fabricated. In vitro fluid transportation and degradation of the scaffolds were performed. Cell attachment, migration, proliferation, and differentiation were carried out under both static and dynamic culturing conditions. A computational simulation model and a series of immunofluorescent staining were implemented to understand the mechanism of cell behavior in respond to different scaffolds geometry. We then implanted scaffolds into rat critical-sized calvarial defects to further evaluate channels’ function on bone regeneration in vivo. Results showed that multiple channeled geometry significantly accelerated the release of Ca2+ and increased the fluid diffusion efficiency. Moreover, multiple channels promoted human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) infiltration, migration, besides prominently promoted alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and up-regulated osteogenic gene expression in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) at both static and dynamic culturing conditions in vitro. The expression of both cell migration related protein a5 and angiogenesis related protein CD31 were upregulated by multiple channels in HUVECs. And the expression of mechanosensing markers, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), polymeric filamentous actin (Factin), and Yes-associated protein-1 (YAP-1) were highly stimulated by multiple channels in hBMSCs. The in vivo implantation and characterization results demonstrated more bone formation inside multiple-channeled scaffolds compared to non-channeled scaffolds. Multiple channels accelerated collagen type I, Bone Sialoprotein (Bsp), Osteocalcin (OC) protein expression prominently. The angiogenesis related protein CD31 staining displayed longer and more vasculature structures on multiple-channeled scaffolds compared to nonchanneled scaffolds. Fluorescent images of the fluorochrome labeled samples exhibited considerably more mineral deposition on multiple-channeled scaffolds than non-channeled scaffolds. All the findings suggested that the addition of multiple channels in the porous b-TCP scaffold is very promising approach to promote vascularization and bone tissue regeneration.
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Date Issued
2019
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013426
Subject Headings
Tissue Engineering, Bone and Bones, Bone regeneration, Calcium Phosphates, Biocompatible Materials
Format
Document (PDF)
DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL BETA-TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE SCAFFOLDS FOR ANGIOGENESIS AND OSTEOGENESIS
Title
DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL BETA-TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE SCAFFOLDS FOR ANGIOGENESIS AND OSTEOGENESIS.
Creator
Qian, Enze, Kang, Yunqing, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science
Abstract/Description
Rapid and efficient vascularization is still a considerable challenge of a tissue engineered β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold. To overcome this challenge, branched channels were created in the porous scaffold to stimulate the instant flow of blood supply. The branched channeled porous β-TCP scaffold was fabricated using 3D printing and template-casting method. Human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were seeded in the scaffolds and...
Show moreRapid and efficient vascularization is still a considerable challenge of a tissue engineered β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold. To overcome this challenge, branched channels were created in the porous scaffold to stimulate the instant flow of blood supply. The branched channeled porous β-TCP scaffold was fabricated using 3D printing and template-casting method. Human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were seeded in the scaffolds and characterized through double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay and cell migration. Scaffolds were then implanted in the subcutaneous pockets in mice. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Immunohistochemical staining on vascularization, bone-related markers were carried out. Results showed that branched channels significantly promoted HUVECs’ infiltration, migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis and also promote the proliferation and osteogenesis differentiation of hBMSCs. Scaffolds did not show significant pro-inflammatory effects. In vivo results showed that in the early stage after implantation, cells significantly migrated into branched channeled scaffolds compared to non-channeled and straight channeled scaffolds. More and matured blood vessels formed in the branched channeled scaffolds compared to in non-channeled and straight channeled scaffolds. Besides promoting vascularization, the branched channels also stimulated the infiltration of bone-related cells into the scaffolds. These results suggested that the geometric design of branched channels in the porous β-TCP scaffold promoted rapid vascularization and potentially stimulated bone cell recruitment. To further enhance the function of the scaffold to promote the MSCs differentiation, MnO2 hollow and solid nanoparticles were doped into the scaffold with different concentrations.
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Date Issued
2023
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014193
Subject Headings
Tissue engineering, Bone Regeneration, Beta-tricalcium phosphate
Format
Document (PDF)