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- Title
- Correlations between maxillary sinus and nasal cavity volume: An exploratory study into environmental influences on the human maxillary sinus.
- Creator
- Butaric, Lauren N., Florida Atlantic University, Broadfield, Douglas C., Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of Anthropology
- Abstract/Description
-
Previous hypotheses have suggested that maxillary sinus volume (MSV) is dependent on nasal cavity volume (NCV), and while NCV is highly correlated with climate, MSV is a passive by-product. To test these hypotheses 39 dried adult human crania from different climatic regions were examined using CT technology. MSV and NCV were regressed against each other and cranial size-variables using least squares and reduced major axis analysis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were also utilized to...
Show morePrevious hypotheses have suggested that maxillary sinus volume (MSV) is dependent on nasal cavity volume (NCV), and while NCV is highly correlated with climate, MSV is a passive by-product. To test these hypotheses 39 dried adult human crania from different climatic regions were examined using CT technology. MSV and NCV were regressed against each other and cranial size-variables using least squares and reduced major axis analysis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were also utilized to identify significant differences in MSV and NCV between populations. Results suggest that MSV and NCV are not significantly correlated, and while NCV scales with isometry relative to skull size, scaling properties of MSV were not significant. ANOVA results show that although there are significant differences in MSV between populations, they are not due to climatic influences.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2006
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13373
- Subject Headings
- Biology, Anatomy, Anthropology, Physical
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- A neuroanatomical investigation of the median raphe nucleus, supramammillary nucleus, and nucleus reuniens: Possible implications for the modulation of the hippocampal EEG.
- Creator
- McKenna, James Timothy, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences
- Abstract/Description
-
The theta rhythm of the hippocampus, present in area CA1 of Ammon's horn and the dentate gyrus, is thought to serve a role in short-term memory processing. Rhythmically bursting cells of the medial septum projecting to the hippocampus are responsible for pacing theta. Further anatomical investigation of limbic-related circuitry in the rat, particularly connections of the medial septum and hippocampus, will lead to a better understanding of the pathways which influence the hippocampal EEG. Our...
Show moreThe theta rhythm of the hippocampus, present in area CA1 of Ammon's horn and the dentate gyrus, is thought to serve a role in short-term memory processing. Rhythmically bursting cells of the medial septum projecting to the hippocampus are responsible for pacing theta. Further anatomical investigation of limbic-related circuitry in the rat, particularly connections of the medial septum and hippocampus, will lead to a better understanding of the pathways which influence the hippocampal EEG. Our first study examined single and collateral projections from the supramammillary nucleus to the medial septum and hippocampus, employing the retrograde fluorescent tracers FluoroGold and FluoroRuby. The supramammillary nucleus neurons we identified with collateral projections to the medial septum and hippocampus may be directly involved in generation of the theta rhythm. The second study examined single and collateral projections from the median raphe nucleus to the medial septum and hippocampus, employing the retrograde tracers FluoroGold and FluoroRuby. It has been proposed that the median raphe nucleus serves a direct role in desynchronization of the hippocampal EEG, or blockade of theta. The median raphe nucleus neurons we identified with collateral projections to the medial septum and hippocampus may be directly involved in the termination of theta, in turn modulating hippocampal memory processing. The third study examined afferent projections to the nucleus reuniens of the thalamus, employing the retrograde tracer FluoroGold, combined with a primary-antibody immunohistochemical procedure, in order to identify FluoroGold labeled cells by means of bright-field microscopy. RE afferents originate from widespread regions of the brain, providing multi-sensory and limbic input to RE. The fourth study examined efferents of the nucleus reuniens, employing the anterograde tracer PHA-L (Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin). RE efferents terminated largely in regions of the telencephalon, and may influence working memory and sensorimotor systems. Investigations have linked the theta rhythm of the hippocampus to memory processing. The activity of the supramammillary nucleus, median raphe nucleus, and nucleus reuniens may influence the hippocampal EEG, particularly theta, and hence hippocampal mnemonic processing, by means of the pathways described in this dissertation.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2001
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/11971
- Subject Headings
- Biology, Anatomy, Biology, Neuroscience, Psychology, Psychobiology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Biology and comparative anatomy of three new species of commensal galeommatidae, with a possible case of mating behavior inbivalves.
- Creator
- Mikkelsen, Paula M., Bieler, R., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
- Date Issued
- 1992
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00007215
- Subject Headings
- Bivalves, Mating behavior, Commensalism, Stomatopoda, Anatomy, Comparative, Biology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Biology and comparative anatomy of Divariscintilla yoyo and D. troglodytes, two new species of Galeommatidae (Bilvalvia) fromstomatopod burrows in eastern Florida.
- Creator
- Mikkelsen, Paula M., Bieler, R., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
- Date Issued
- 1988
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00007196
- Subject Headings
- East Florida, Bivalves, Anatomy, Comparative, Biology, Stomatopoda, Commensalism
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Anatomy and reproductive biology of two Western Atlantic species of Vitrinellidae, with a case of protandrous hermaphroditism in the Rissoacea.
- Creator
- Bieler, R., Mikkelsen, Paula M., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
- Date Issued
- 1988
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3351935
- Subject Headings
- Vitrinellidae, Reproductive biology, Anatomy, Hermaphroditism, Sex Determination Processes
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Pelvic fin locomotion in batoids.
- Creator
- Macesic, Laura Jane., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
-
Although most batoids (skates and rays) are benthic, only the skates (Rajidae) have been described as performing benthic locomotion, termed 'punting'. While keeping the rest of the body motionless, the skate's specialized pelvic fins are planted into the substrate and then retracted caudally, which thrusts the body forward. This may be advantageous for locating and feeding on prey, avoiding predators, and reducing energetic costs. By integrating kinematic, musculoskeletal, material properties...
Show moreAlthough most batoids (skates and rays) are benthic, only the skates (Rajidae) have been described as performing benthic locomotion, termed 'punting'. While keeping the rest of the body motionless, the skate's specialized pelvic fins are planted into the substrate and then retracted caudally, which thrusts the body forward. This may be advantageous for locating and feeding on prey, avoiding predators, and reducing energetic costs. By integrating kinematic, musculoskeletal, material properties, and compositional analyses across a range of morphologically and phylogenetically diverse batoids, this dissertation (i) demonstrates that punting is not confined to the skates, and (ii) provides reliable anatomical and mechanical predictors of punting ability. Batoids in this study performed true punting (employing only pelvic fins), or augmented punting (employing pectoral and pelvic fins). Despite the additional thrust from the pectoral fins, augmented punters failed to exceed the punting c apabilities of the true punters. True punters' pelvic fins had greater surface area and more specialized and robust musculature compared to the augmented punters' fins. The flexural stiffness of the main skeletal element used in punting, the propterygium, correlated with punting ability (3.37 x 10-5 - 1.80 x 10-4 Nm2). Variation was due to differences in mineral content (24.4-48-9% dry mass), and thus, material stiffness (140-2533 MPa), and second moment of area. The propterygium's radius-to-thickness ratio (mean = 5.52 +-0.441 SE) indicated that the propterygium would support true and augmented punters, but not non-punters, in an aquatic environment. All propterygia would fail on land. Geometric and linear morphometric analyses of 61 batoid pelvic girdles demonstrated that pelvic girdle shape can predict punting and swimming ability and taxonomic attribution to Order., Characteristics of true punters' pelvic girdles, such as laterally facing fin articulations, large surface area formuscle attachment, and tall lateral pelvic processes are similar to characteristics of early sprawled-gait tetrapods' pelvic girdles. This dissertation demonstrates that punting is common in batoids, illustrates the convergent evolution of true punter and early tetrapod pelvic anatomy, and gives possible explanations for the restriction of elasmobranchs to aquatic habitats.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2011
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3171678
- Subject Headings
- Sharks, Ecology, Fins, Anatomy, Adaptation (Biology), Aquatic animals, Physiology, Fishes, Locomotion
- Format
- Document (PDF)