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GENETIC AND NEUROANATOMICAL MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTIONARY SLEEP LOSS IN THE MEXICAN CAVEFISH, ASTYANAX MEXICANUS
Title
GENETIC AND NEUROANATOMICAL MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTIONARY SLEEP LOSS IN THE MEXICAN CAVEFISH, ASTYANAX MEXICANUS.
Creator
Jaggard, James B., Keene, Alex, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description
Sleep is a complex behavioral state with ramifications on multiple levels of homeostasis including bodily function, neural activity, and molecular signaling. Sleep is conserved across evolution, though significant variations in sleep duration, architecture, and behavior are found across phyla. Decoding neural processing underlying behavior, including sleep, is a fundamental aim in neuroscience, and understanding how such behavior has evolved remains largely unknown. The encompassing goal of...
Show moreSleep is a complex behavioral state with ramifications on multiple levels of homeostasis including bodily function, neural activity, and molecular signaling. Sleep is conserved across evolution, though significant variations in sleep duration, architecture, and behavior are found across phyla. Decoding neural processing underlying behavior, including sleep, is a fundamental aim in neuroscience, and understanding how such behavior has evolved remains largely unknown. The encompassing goal of this dissertation is to elucidate the genetic and neuronal factors at play in the evolution of sleep loss in the blind Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus. To this end, the work found within will explore peripheral sensory systems regulating distinct mechanisms of sleep loss, demonstrate how evolved changes in specific hypothalamic circuits drive sleep reductions, apply computational techniques to understand whole-brain evolution, and finally, will show how the generation of transgenic tools in a novel model system can be harnessed to assist functional experimental paradigms in relation to evolution and behavior.
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Date Issued
2020
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013476
Subject Headings
Astyanax mexicanus, Astyanax mexicanus--Evolution, Sleep, Fishes--Behavior--Evolution, Fishes--Behavior--Genetic aspects
Format
Document (PDF)
Maternal and alloparental discipline in Atlantic spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) in the Bahamas
Title
Maternal and alloparental discipline in Atlantic spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) in the Bahamas.
Creator
Weinpress, Meghan., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
Discipline was implemented by mothers and alloparent spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) mothers and alloparents on Little Bahama Bank, Bahamas. Disciplinarians were significantly more likely to be adults than juveniles. Although most disciplinarians were female, males were also observed to perform discipline. The recipients of discipline were male and female, and significantly more likely to be calves than juveniles. Pursuit, contact, and display behaviors were used in discipline, however...
Show moreDiscipline was implemented by mothers and alloparent spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) mothers and alloparents on Little Bahama Bank, Bahamas. Disciplinarians were significantly more likely to be adults than juveniles. Although most disciplinarians were female, males were also observed to perform discipline. The recipients of discipline were male and female, and significantly more likely to be calves than juveniles. Pursuit, contact, and display behaviors were used in discipline, however pursuit behaviors were most often observed. Variables such as age class, sex, and parity were not found to influence how discipline was implemented. The durations of all disciplinary pursuits were under thirty seconds, and successful pursuits had slightly shorter duration than unsuccessful pursuits. Disciplinarian success was not significantly influenced by age class, sex, parity, or behavior used.
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Date Issued
2013
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3361254
Subject Headings
Animal behavior, Behavior evolution, Atlantic mammals, Behavior, Parent-child relationships, Social behavior in animals, Discipline of children, Atlantic spotted dolphin
Format
Document (PDF)
seeds of structure: Exploring the chimpanzee mind
Title
The seeds of structure: Exploring the chimpanzee mind.
Creator
Halloran, Andrew R., Florida Atlantic University, Broadfield, Douglas C.
Abstract/Description
There are certain properties of the human mind which allow abstract thought. These properties are responsible for the ability to create myth (or explanations of the unknown), cosmology, and culture. They are the seeds of all human phenomena not attributable to instinct. These properties can be isolated as the capacity for numeric logic and the mind functioning in terms of binary oppositions. The long held paradigm sees the human species as unique in possessing these qualities and well as the...
Show moreThere are certain properties of the human mind which allow abstract thought. These properties are responsible for the ability to create myth (or explanations of the unknown), cosmology, and culture. They are the seeds of all human phenomena not attributable to instinct. These properties can be isolated as the capacity for numeric logic and the mind functioning in terms of binary oppositions. The long held paradigm sees the human species as unique in possessing these qualities and well as the phenomena they yield. In order to challenge this paradigm, a two experiments are conducted on a chimpanzee to see if she possessed these properties. She successfully completed the cognitive tests on both experiments, thus implicating the human species as not unique in its abstractions.
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Date Issued
2005
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13309
Subject Headings
Brain--Evolution, Human information processing, Primates--Behavior, Human-animal communication, Cognition in animals, Chimpanzees--Behavior
Format
Document (PDF)
developmental effect of the presence of a recipient in a modified dictator game
Title
The developmental effect of the presence of a recipient in a modified dictator game.
Creator
Grotuss, Jason., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description
Economic game theory has been a challenge to traditional models of selfish human nature. Resource acquisition games, such as the dictator game, which have been primarily played by adults, have revealed that humans are inclined to share even when it is not in their best interest to do so. Few studies have been conducted on the development of resource distribution in children, and fewer still have explored the effect of context and level of involvement of a second player in such games. In the...
Show moreEconomic game theory has been a challenge to traditional models of selfish human nature. Resource acquisition games, such as the dictator game, which have been primarily played by adults, have revealed that humans are inclined to share even when it is not in their best interest to do so. Few studies have been conducted on the development of resource distribution in children, and fewer still have explored the effect of context and level of involvement of a second player in such games. In the current study, 179 children from kindergarten, first, and second grades participated in a modified dictator game with another player. Children were randomly assigned to one of four conditions; a control condition, where they played individually with an anonymous player, or one of three experimental conditions with two players who each played with varying levels of involvement with the second player. It was found that kindergarteners shared significantly less across conditions than first and second graders, with first and second graders sharing similar amounts. The presence of another player significantly increased the amount of sharing for all grades. Additionally, second players shared significantly less than first players. Developmental and contextual patterns of sharing are discussed.
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Date Issued
2011
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3332258
Subject Headings
Cooperativeness, Behavior evolution, Game theory, Social interaction, Economics, Moral and ethical aspects, Economics, Psychological aspects, Negotiation, Research, Strategic planning
Format
Document (PDF)