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Autophagy gene atg-18 regulates C. elegans lifespan cell nonautonomously by neuropeptide signaling
Title
Autophagy gene atg-18 regulates C. elegans lifespan cell nonautonomously by neuropeptide signaling.
Creator
Minnerly, Justin, Jia, Kailiang, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
In the round worm C. elegans, it has recently been shown that autophagy, a highly conserved lysosomal degradation pathway that is present in all eukaryotic cells, is required for maintaining healthspan and for increasing the adult lifespan of worms fed under dietary restriction conditions or with reduced IGF signaling. It is currently unknown how extracellular signals regulate autophagy activity within different tissues during these processes and whether autophagy functions cell-autonomously...
Show moreIn the round worm C. elegans, it has recently been shown that autophagy, a highly conserved lysosomal degradation pathway that is present in all eukaryotic cells, is required for maintaining healthspan and for increasing the adult lifespan of worms fed under dietary restriction conditions or with reduced IGF signaling. It is currently unknown how extracellular signals regulate autophagy activity within different tissues during these processes and whether autophagy functions cell-autonomously or nonautonomously. We have data that for the first time shows autophagy activity in the neurons and intestinal cells plays a major role in regulating adult lifespan and the longevity conferred by altered IGF signaling and dietary restriction, suggesting autophagy can control these phenotypes cell non-autonomously. We hypothesize that autophagy in the neurons and intestinal cells is an essential cellular process regulated by different signaling pathways to control wild type adult lifespan, IGF mediated longevity and dietary restriction induced longevity. Excitingly we also have found that in animals with reduced IGF signaling autophagy can control longevity in only a small subset of neurons alone. Autophagy in either specific individual chemosensory neurons or a small group of them is completely sufficient to control IGF mediated longevity. This work provides novel insight to the function and regulation of autophagy which will help shed light on understanding this essential process in higher organisms, including mammals.
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Date Issued
2017
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004862, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004862
Subject Headings
Caenorhabditis elegans--Molecular genetics., Aging--Molecular aspects., Life cycles (Biology), Cell death., Gene expression., Autophagic vacuoles., Apoptosis., Eukaryotic cells.
Format
Document (PDF)
Analysis of the Role of Autophagy in Dauer Formation and Dauer Recovery Regulated by TGF-β Signaling Pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans
Title
Analysis of the Role of Autophagy in Dauer Formation and Dauer Recovery Regulated by TGF-β Signaling Pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Creator
Ritter, Portia, Jia, Kailiang, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
Caenorhabditis elegans optionally enter into a dauer diapause phase that results in a prolonged life in a semi-dormant state. Entry into and recovery from dauer diapause includes many physical changes in body structure, physiology, and gene expression. Entry into dauer diapause is regulated by several signaling pathways including transforming growth factor (TGF-β). Autophagy plays an important role in dauer formation and recover. During dauer transformation autophagy is up-regulated and may...
Show moreCaenorhabditis elegans optionally enter into a dauer diapause phase that results in a prolonged life in a semi-dormant state. Entry into and recovery from dauer diapause includes many physical changes in body structure, physiology, and gene expression. Entry into dauer diapause is regulated by several signaling pathways including transforming growth factor (TGF-β). Autophagy plays an important role in dauer formation and recover. During dauer transformation autophagy is up-regulated and may play a role in remodeling the molecular structure for long term survival during dauer diapause. This research helps determine the role of autophagy in dauer development and recovery mediated through the TGF-β signaling pathway. This research also determines in which tissue autophagy is necessary for dauer formation and recovery through TGF-β signaling. This research is shedding light on the function of autophagy in the TGF-β signaling pathway, both processes of which have been linked to tumorigenesis, heart disease and cancer.
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Date Issued
2017
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004921, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004921
Subject Headings
Aging--Molecular aspects., Aging--Physiological aspects., Caenorhabditis elegans--Molecular genetics., Autophagic vacuoles., Gene expression., Apoptosis., Cellular signal transduction., DNA-binding proteins., Transforming growth factors-beta--Receptors.
Format
Document (PDF)