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Title: The role of voice and motion in the developmental shift in infant attention to the mouth of a talking face.
Creator: Tift, Amy H., Minar, Nicholas J., Lewkowicz, David J., Graduate College
Date Issued: 2013-04-12
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3361365
Subject Headings: Infants, Attention
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: SPATIAL PROXIMITY, OBJECT FORMATION, AND SELECTIVE ATTENTION.
Creator: LALOMIA, MARY JEAN, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: In these studies subjects judged the curvature direction of one of a pair of parentheses. In one condition the pair of parentheses formed a single object and in a second condition the parentheses formed two objects. The one- and two-object conditions were used to examine the contrasting positions of mental spotlight and object-based theories of attention. Mental spotlight theory holds that attention is allocated to regions in visual space, whereas object-based theory states that attention is...
Show moreIn these studies subjects judged the curvature direction of one of a pair of parentheses. In one condition the pair of parentheses formed a single object and in a second condition the parentheses formed two objects. The one- and two-object conditions were used to examine the contrasting positions of mental spotlight and object-based theories of attention. Mental spotlight theory holds that attention is allocated to regions in visual space, whereas object-based theory states that attention is allocated to objects in visual space. To evaluate the positions of these theories, the retinal proximity between the parentheses was varied. Mental spotlight theory predicts that performance differences, due to the changes of retinal proximity, should be the same regardless of whether the stimuli form one or two objects. Object-based theory predicts that retinal proximity facilitates performance for the one-object condition and retards performance for the two-object condition. The results indicated that retinal proximity facilitated performance for the one-object parentheses but retarded performance for the two-object parentheses. These results support the view that attention is allocated to objects rather than regions in visual space.
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Date Issued: 1985
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14249
Subject Headings: Attention--Testing, Attention--Experiments
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: INVESTIGATIONS OF DISTRACTOR STRENGTH ON ATTENTIONAL PROCESSING IN A MIXED BLOCK DESIGN.
Creator: Conniff, Joshua, Sheremata, Summer, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: In everyday life, we come across visual distractors such as crossing the street or driving down the highway, but what properties of distractors determine whether they will affect cognitive processing? Relatively little is known about how the strength of a distractor or changing it over time affects the ability to deploy attention. Previous studies have shown that suprathreshold stimuli interfere more in the Simon Effect than near threshold stimuli. However, it is unknown whether this effect...
Show moreIn everyday life, we come across visual distractors such as crossing the street or driving down the highway, but what properties of distractors determine whether they will affect cognitive processing? Relatively little is known about how the strength of a distractor or changing it over time affects the ability to deploy attention. Previous studies have shown that suprathreshold stimuli interfere more in the Simon Effect than near threshold stimuli. However, it is unknown whether this effect is due simply to motor inhibition or generalizes to tasks without a motor component. To test the generalizability of this effect, an attentional blink task was presented in which a coherent motion stimulus surrounded a rapid serial visual presentation stream. The study demonstrated that the highest coherence condition presented first had the greatest effect on performance accuracy. This is suggestive of a diffused attentional state.
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Date Issued: 2021
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013808
Subject Headings: Attention, Distraction (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Information Technology Induced Attentional Switching Effects on Inhibitory Control.
Creator: Christopher, Deven M., Rosselli, Monica, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Deciding what information we attend to has implications on our ability to remain valuable and productive in our respective academic and economic domains. This study investigated if attentional switching due to information technology interruptions would deplete resources in a unique way and impair performance on a response inhibition task. Three groups were compared on the Simon task after participants either did or did not receive interruptions during a self-regulation task. Unexpectedly, a...
Show moreDeciding what information we attend to has implications on our ability to remain valuable and productive in our respective academic and economic domains. This study investigated if attentional switching due to information technology interruptions would deplete resources in a unique way and impair performance on a response inhibition task. Three groups were compared on the Simon task after participants either did or did not receive interruptions during a self-regulation task. Unexpectedly, a larger Simon effect was found for participants who did not receive interruptions. These results conform to previous evidence showing sustained directed attention may result in depletion and effect subsequent inhibitory control. Although not supporting predictions, these results may provide a basis for further research, particularly because younger generations are developing in a more connected world than preceding generations. By understanding these differences, younger generations may better adapt to technological advances and leverage them to their advantage.
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Date Issued: 2018
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013117
Subject Headings: Attention, Interruptions, Information technology, Inhibition
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Motion and Attention.
Creator: Fuller, Nicholas Ward, Kersten, Alan, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: The present study examined whether differential motion could influence the spread of attention across an object. In particular, we examined whether the type of motion exhibited by an object would impact the reaction time in which a participant made a judgement on the location of a target or the accuracy of their judgment. We did not find significant effects of motion type upon reaction time. We did find that accuracy was significantly greater for validly cued targets than for invalidly cued...
Show moreThe present study examined whether differential motion could influence the spread of attention across an object. In particular, we examined whether the type of motion exhibited by an object would impact the reaction time in which a participant made a judgement on the location of a target or the accuracy of their judgment. We did not find significant effects of motion type upon reaction time. We did find that accuracy was significantly greater for validly cued targets than for invalidly cued targets. Further investigation may be needed to demonstrate the impact of motion upon the spread of attention across an object.
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Date Issued: 2018
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013172
Subject Headings: Motion, Attention, Motion--Experiments
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Attention deficit caused by MDMA ('ecstasy').
Creator: Rudacille, Mary C., Tao, Rui
Date Issued: 2013-04-05
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3361175
Subject Headings: Ecstasy (Drug), MDMA (Drug), Attention deficit disorder
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Reducing Inattentive Responding by Promoting Autonomous Motivation.
Creator: Haas, Justin, Maniaci, Michael, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: In some cases, as much as 9% of participants in self-report studies are extremely inattentive (Maniaci & Rogge, 2014). Previous researchers have dealt with this problem by removing inattentive participants from data analyses. A better solution would be to prevent inattentive responding. Self-Determination Theory may provide an effective approach to reducing inattentive responding, specifically by attempting to promote autonomous motivation in research participants. Providing participants with...
Show moreIn some cases, as much as 9% of participants in self-report studies are extremely inattentive (Maniaci & Rogge, 2014). Previous researchers have dealt with this problem by removing inattentive participants from data analyses. A better solution would be to prevent inattentive responding. Self-Determination Theory may provide an effective approach to reducing inattentive responding, specifically by attempting to promote autonomous motivation in research participants. Providing participants with personalized feedback may increase participants’ autonomous motivation, which in turn may lead to more attentive responding. Study 1 showed that participants who are interested in feedback are more attentive throughout an online survey than participants who are not interested in feedback. The next goal was to show through experimental manipulation that emphasizing the opportunity to receive personalized feedback would decrease levels of inattentive responding and increase autonomous motivation. No significant difference occurred between groups in levels of inattention, nor in autonomous motivation.
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Date Issued: 2018
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013065
Subject Headings: Attention., Self-report inventories., Validity.
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The attentional control of spatial perception.
Creator: Balz, Gunther William, Florida Atlantic University, Hock, Howard S.
Abstract/Description: When perceivers examine a visual scene, they can control the extent to which their attention is either narrowly focused or spread over a larger spatial area. The experiments reported in this dissertation explore the consequences of narrow vs. broad attention for simple spatial discriminations as well as more complex cooperative interactions that are the basis for the self-organization of coherent motion patterns. Subjects' attentional spread (narrow or broad) is manipulated by means of a...
Show moreWhen perceivers examine a visual scene, they can control the extent to which their attention is either narrowly focused or spread over a larger spatial area. The experiments reported in this dissertation explore the consequences of narrow vs. broad attention for simple spatial discriminations as well as more complex cooperative interactions that are the basis for the self-organization of coherent motion patterns. Subjects' attentional spread (narrow or broad) is manipulated by means of a primary, luminance detection task. In conjunction with the luminance detection task is a secondary, spatial discrimination or detection task, which differs in the four reported experiments. In Experiment 1, the discrimination of misalignment of two visual elements is enhanced by narrowly focused attention. In Experiment 2, discrimination of horizontal spatial separation of two visual elements is improved for small inter-element distances by narrow attention and for relatively large inter-element distances by broad attention. Experiment 3 shows that the inter-element distance among counterphase-presented visual elements for which unidirectional and oscillatory motion patterns are observed with equal frequency depends on subjects' attentional spread. Narrow attention favors the oscillatory pattern and broad attention favors the unidirectional pattern. Experiment 4 shows that attentional spread has a minimal effect on the detection of motion, and, additionally that attentional effects on simple spatial judgments (Experiments 1 and 2) are too small to account for the large shift in the equi-probable boundary of reported unidirectional and oscillatory motion patterns found in Experiment 3. Therefore, it is concluded in conjunction with Hock and Balz's (1994) differential gradient model, that attentional spread influences the self-organization of unidirectional and oscillatory motion patterns through its effects on the relative strength of facilitating and inhibiting interactions among directionally selective motion detectors.
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Date Issued: 1994
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12392
Subject Headings: Attention, Selectivity (Psychology), Visual perception, Space perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: In Pursuit of Perceptions: Priming Intervention during a Goal-Directed Behavioral Task.
Creator: Osei, Peter Claudius, Barenholtz, Elan, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Learning to effectively execute goal-directed tasks generally requires guidance from knowledgeable experts that can direct the performer’s attention toward important environmental features. However, specifying the optimal attentional strategies is difficult due to the subjective nature of perceptions and the complexity of the underlying neural processes. The current skill acquisition literature emphasizes action-based contingencies through Predictive and Ecological models when examining...
Show moreLearning to effectively execute goal-directed tasks generally requires guidance from knowledgeable experts that can direct the performer’s attention toward important environmental features. However, specifying the optimal attentional strategies is difficult due to the subjective nature of perceptions and the complexity of the underlying neural processes. The current skill acquisition literature emphasizes action-based contingencies through Predictive and Ecological models when examining attentional processes, while Perceptual Control Theory advocates for perceptual-based mechanisms. To evaluate the efficacy of these models, this study implicitly primed one hundred fifteen participants to focus on action-based or perceptual-based aspects during an interceptive task. It was predicted that the perceptual-based priming condition would result in faster learning and greater resilience to environmental disturbances. However, the highly variable results did not show significant differences in learning rate or resilience between the action and perceptual-based conditions. Ultimately, the variability in the findings suggests that a superior performance depends on numerous factors unique to each performer. Consequently, instructional methods cannot rely on a single optimal attentional strategy for gathering environmental information. Instead, the dynamic interplay between the individual and the environment must be considered to foster the skill development of novice performers.
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Date Issued: 2023
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014290
Subject Headings: Perception, Attention, Cognitive psychology--Research
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Cyclical Variations in Object and Spatial-based Attention.
Creator: Ray, Subhosit, Sheremata, Summer, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Spatial-based attention is shown to vary in strength over short intervals of time. Whether object-based selection also has similar temporal variability is not known. Egly, Driver and Rafal (1994) demonstrated using 2-rectangle displays how both spatial and object-based selection engages in processing of a visual scene. In Experiment-1 using the 2-rectangle paradigm we measured temporal variability of target detection by presenting targets at a variable SOA. In Experiment-2, we used 4-squares...
Show moreSpatial-based attention is shown to vary in strength over short intervals of time. Whether object-based selection also has similar temporal variability is not known. Egly, Driver and Rafal (1994) demonstrated using 2-rectangle displays how both spatial and object-based selection engages in processing of a visual scene. In Experiment-1 using the 2-rectangle paradigm we measured temporal variability of target detection by presenting targets at a variable SOA. In Experiment-2, we used 4-squares to preclude any object-based selection and measured temporal variability in target detection at similar locations as in Experiment-1. We found target detection to be periodic in delta and theta hertz rhythm in both Experiment-1 and Experiment-2 upon comparing corresponding cue-valid and same-object locations. Similar spectral profiles across experiments indicate a split-spotlight of spatial attention that rhythmically monitors cue-valid and other invalid locations. Future experiments are needed to determine whether object-based selection is periodic in nature.
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Date Issued: 2020
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013563
Subject Headings: Attention, Visual Perception, Space perception, Selective attention, Selectivity (Psychology), Visual system
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The development of an animal model for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Effects of frontal lesions on activity in neonatal rats.
Creator: Stevenson, Bernadette Mietus, Florida Atlantic University, Johanson, Ingrid B., Terry, Leslie M.
Abstract/Description: This study was designed to develop an animal model of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder based on frontal cortical functioning in 3, 6, 9, & 12-day-old neonatal rats. In Expt. 1, frontal cortical activity was suppressed with intracranial injections of lidocaine, a local anesthetic. In Expt. 2, frontal activity was suppressed with brain transections. Pups in both experiments were tested in a habituation-to-odor learning paradigm and behaviors including general activity, headwaving,...
Show moreThis study was designed to develop an animal model of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder based on frontal cortical functioning in 3, 6, 9, & 12-day-old neonatal rats. In Expt. 1, frontal cortical activity was suppressed with intracranial injections of lidocaine, a local anesthetic. In Expt. 2, frontal activity was suppressed with brain transections. Pups in both experiments were tested in a habituation-to-odor learning paradigm and behaviors including general activity, headwaving, probing, and rolling were recorded. Results indicated that frontal cortical suppression, caused by either lidocaine injection or brain transection, resulted in significantly higher activity levels in 3-day-olds particularly with regard to rolling, suggesting that the frontal cortex is involved in the regulation of rolling behavior. Frontal transections, but not lidocaine injections, also significantly increased activity in 12-day-old pups due to increased locomotor probing and wall climbing. Results are consistent with the neuropsychological research regarding frontal cortical functioning and inhibition in children with ADHD, and show potential as a future animal model of ADHD.
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Date Issued: 1997
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15516
Subject Headings: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder--Diagnosis
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Building A Profile of Inattentive Participants: Attachment Theory and Inattentive Responding.
Creator: Sheppard, Joshua Allan, Maniaci, Michael, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Inattentive responding by research participants may decrease the reliability and validity of self-report measures. The current studies broaden the record of personality traits correlated with inattention by examining individual differences in attachment anxiety and avoidance among adults in romantic relationships. Based upon the characteristics typically exhibited by adults high on attachment avoidance, I expected an overlap between this personality trait and inattention, such that...
Show moreInattentive responding by research participants may decrease the reliability and validity of self-report measures. The current studies broaden the record of personality traits correlated with inattention by examining individual differences in attachment anxiety and avoidance among adults in romantic relationships. Based upon the characteristics typically exhibited by adults high on attachment avoidance, I expected an overlap between this personality trait and inattention, such that participants higher on attachment avoidance would exhibit higher levels of inattentive responding when answering self-report questions about their relationship. Two studies addressed this hypothesis using both self-report data from individuals and partner-report data from romantic couples to examine the association between a participant’s attachment avoidance and their level of inattentive responding while participating in research focusing on their romantic relationships. Self-reported attachment avoidance was associated with greater inattentive responding in both studies. However, partner-reported attachment avoidance was not significantly associated with inattentive responding in Study 2.
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Date Issued: 2018
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013097
Subject Headings: Self-report inventories., Attention., Attachment behavior., Reliability.
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: THE INFLUENCE OF CONTEXT AND PERCEPTUAL LOAD ON OBJECT RECOGNITION.
Creator: Islam, Mohammed, Barenholtz, Elan, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Forster and Lavie (2008) and Lavie, Lin, Zokaei and Thoma (2009) have demonstrated that meaningful stimuli, such as objects, are ignored under conditions of high perceptual load but not low. However, objects are seldom presented without context in the real world. Given that context can reduce the threshold for object recognition (Barenholtz, 2013), is it possible for context to reduce the processing load of objects such that they can be processed under high load? In the first experiment, I...
Show moreForster and Lavie (2008) and Lavie, Lin, Zokaei and Thoma (2009) have demonstrated that meaningful stimuli, such as objects, are ignored under conditions of high perceptual load but not low. However, objects are seldom presented without context in the real world. Given that context can reduce the threshold for object recognition (Barenholtz, 2013), is it possible for context to reduce the processing load of objects such that they can be processed under high load? In the first experiment, I attempted to obtain similar findings of the aforementioned studies by replicating their paradigm with photographs of real-world objects. The findings of the experiment suggested that objects can cause distractor interference under high load conditions, but not low load conditions. These findings are opposite of what the perceptual literature suggests (e.g., Lavie, 1995). However, these findings are aligned with a two-stage dilution model of attention in which information is first processed in parallel and then selectively (Wilson, Muroi, and MacLeod, 2011). Experiment 2 assessed if this effect was specific to semantic objects by introducing meaningless, abstract objects. The results suggest that the dilution effect was not due to the semantic features of objects. The third experiment assessed the influence of context on objects under load. The results of the experiment found an elimination of all interference effects in both the high and low load conditions. Comparisons between scene-object congruency revealed no influence of semantic information from scenes. It appears that the presentation of a visual stimuli prior to the flanker task diluted attention such that the distractor effects previously observed in the high load condition were minimized. Thus, it does not appear that context reduced the threshold for object recognition under load. All three experiments have demonstrated strong evidence for the dilution approach of attention over perceptual load models.
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Date Issued: 2019
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013319
Subject Headings: Perception--Research, Selective attention, Form perception, Context effects (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Mechanisms of Selective Attention in Working Memory, Modeled from Human Alpha Band Oscillations.
Creator: Nouri, Asal, Ester, Edward, Hahn, William, Florida Atlantic University, Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Working memory (WM) enables the flexible representation of information over short intervals. It is established that WM performance can be enhanced by a retrospective cue presented during storage, yet the neural mechanisms responsible for this benefit are unclear. Here, we tested several explanations for retrospective cue benefits by quantifying changes in spatial WM representations reconstructed from alpha-band (8 - 12 Hz) EEG activity recorded from human participants before and after the...
Show moreWorking memory (WM) enables the flexible representation of information over short intervals. It is established that WM performance can be enhanced by a retrospective cue presented during storage, yet the neural mechanisms responsible for this benefit are unclear. Here, we tested several explanations for retrospective cue benefits by quantifying changes in spatial WM representations reconstructed from alpha-band (8 - 12 Hz) EEG activity recorded from human participants before and after the presentation of a retrospective cue. This allowed us to track cue-related changes in WM representations with high temporal resolution. Our findings suggest that retrospective cues engage several different mechanisms such as recovery of information previously decreased to baseline after being cued as relevant and protecting the cued item from temporal decay to mitigate information loss during WM storage. Our EEG findings suggest that participants can supplement active memory traces with information from other memory stores. We next sought to better understand these additional store(s) by asking whether they are subject to the same temporal degradation seen in active memory representations during storage. We observed a significant increase in the quality of location representations following a retrocue, but the magnitude of this benefit was linearly and inversely related to the timing of the retrocue such that later cues yielded smaller increases.
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Date Issued: 2023
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014192
Subject Headings: Working memory, Short-term memory, Attention, Alpha Rhythm
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Sources of information and selected variables and their relationship to teachers' knowledge and attitudes regarding attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Creator: Blume-D'Ausilio, Carole, Florida Atlantic University, Maslin-Ostrowski, Patricia
Abstract/Description: The purpose of this study was to develop a predictive model for teacher knowledge about ADHD and teacher attitudes toward the disorder. The Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Knowledge Assessment (ADHDK.A), developed by the researcher, was used to determine the nature of the relationship between teacher knowledge and attitudes regarding ADHD and various sources from which teachers are most likely to obtain information. Four teacher characteristics (teaching position, experience teaching...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to develop a predictive model for teacher knowledge about ADHD and teacher attitudes toward the disorder. The Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Knowledge Assessment (ADHDK.A), developed by the researcher, was used to determine the nature of the relationship between teacher knowledge and attitudes regarding ADHD and various sources from which teachers are most likely to obtain information. Four teacher characteristics (teaching position, experience teaching children with ADHD, personal experience with ADHD, and confidence teaching children with ADHD) were also investigated for their predictive value. The sample was comprised of 225 classroom teachers of grades K to 5 from seven elementary schools in Broward County, Florida. Teachers completed the ADHDKA which consisted of multiple choice, true and false, and open-ended statements about ADHD. Three research questions were posed before data were collected. Multiple regressions were run to determine the degree of association between each of the criterion variables (knowledge and attitude), and the 12 predictor variables investigated in this study. The degree of correlation between teacher knowledge and teacher attitude was examined using a Pearson product moment correlation. Qualitative analysis was used to uncover emerging themes from teacher responses to the open-ended statements. Major findings in the study were as follows: (a) Primary (K- 2) teachers have a higher level of knowledge about ADHD than do intermediate (3-5) teachers (-.159, p < .05); (b) teachers who have personal experience with ADHD have a higher level of knowledge about ADHD than do teachers with no personal experience with ADHD (.147, p < .05); (c) teachers with a high level of confidence about teaching children with ADHD have a higher level of knowledge about ADHD than do teachers with a low level of confidence (.280,p < .01); and (d) a predictive model can be developed to determine teacher knowledge about ADHD (R^2 = .139). The R-square indicates that 13.9% of the variance in teacher knowledge can be accounted for by the variation of the combined predictor variables. Although statistically significant (F [12, 188] = 2.521,p = .004), the correlation is less than the predetermined critical effect size of 25% and may be of limited practical significance (.139 < .25). Conclusions based on the fmdings from the study were: (a) Teachers do not have adequate information regarding strategies to accommodate behavioral and academic challenges for the child with ADHD; (b) teachers lack confidence teaching children with ADHD; and (c) teachers do not receive adequate district-level, or school-based, administrative support (i.e., availability of appropriate ADHD in-service, assistance with parent support, classroom management issues). Noteworthy recommendations for those in positions of educational leadership included the following: (a) more extensive ADHD training for pre-service teachers than is presently required; (b) a comprehensive choice of ADHD workshops offered by school districts to administrators, teachers, paraprofessionals, cafeteria staff, custodians, bus drivers, and any other school personnel who may interact with children; and (c) a districtlevel expert on ADHD for the specific purpose of advising administrators, teachers, and parents about practical solutions to everyday ADHD-related issues. Recommendations for future research included the following: (a) Investigate why teachers with high levels of knowledge about ADHD have negative attitudes toward the disorder; (b) employ a mixed between - within design assessing teacher knowledge and attitude before and after attendance at an ADHD in-service; and (c) investigate the connection between teaching position and teacher knowledge about ADHD.
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Date Issued: 2005
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12179
Subject Headings: Teacher-student relationships, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Attention-deficit-disordered children--Education, Teachers--Training of, Classroom management
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The meaning of the experience of parenting a child with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Creator: Parker, Robin Barbara., Florida Atlantic University, Appleton, Cathy
Abstract/Description: This phenomenological study reveals the meaning of the experience of parenting a child with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. The research participants were six parents who were contacted through a local community based support group or by professional referral. The methodology used for this study was a descriptive qualitative research process with a phenomenological design. Hermeneutic phenomenology as described by van Manen (1990) provided the method of inquiry and analysis for this...
Show moreThis phenomenological study reveals the meaning of the experience of parenting a child with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. The research participants were six parents who were contacted through a local community based support group or by professional referral. The methodology used for this study was a descriptive qualitative research process with a phenomenological design. Hermeneutic phenomenology as described by van Manen (1990) provided the method of inquiry and analysis for this study. Participants were asked to participate in open-ended, audiotaped interviews describing their subjective experience of parenting. Five essential themes emerged from the analysis of the participants' narrative descriptions.
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Date Issued: 1994
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15066
Subject Headings: Attention-deficit-disordered children, Hyperactive children--Family relationships, Parent and child, Child rearing
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Time-frequency classification of gamma oscillatory activity in the frontoparietal system during working memory.
Creator: Romano, Tracy A., Bressler, Steven L., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences
Abstract/Description: Working memory (WM) is a process that allows for the temporary and limited storage of information for an immediate goal or to be stored into a more permanent system. A large number of studies have led to the widely accepted view that WM is mediated by the frontoparietal network (FPN), consisting of areas in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and posterior parietal cortex (PPC). Current evidence suggests that task specific patterns of neuronal oscillatory activity within the FPN play a fundamental...
Show moreWorking memory (WM) is a process that allows for the temporary and limited storage of information for an immediate goal or to be stored into a more permanent system. A large number of studies have led to the widely accepted view that WM is mediated by the frontoparietal network (FPN), consisting of areas in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and posterior parietal cortex (PPC). Current evidence suggests that task specific patterns of neuronal oscillatory activity within the FPN play a fundamental role in WM, and yet specific spatio-temporal properties of this activity are not well characterized. This study utilized multisite local field potential (LFP) data recorded from PFC and PPC sites in two macaque monkeys trained to perform a rule-based, Oculomotor Delayed Match-to-Sample task. The animals were required to learn which of two rules determined the correct match (Location matching or Identity matching). Following a 500 ms fixation period, a sample stimulus was presented for 500 ms, followed by a randomized delay lasting 800-1200 ms in which no stimulus was present. At the end of the delay period, a match stimulus was presented, consisting of two of three possible objects presented at two of three possible locations. When the match stimulus appeared, the monkey made a saccadic eye movement to the target. The rule in effect determined which object served as the target. Time-frequency plots of three spectral measures (power, coherence, and Wiener Granger Causality (WGC) were computed from MultiVariate AutoRegressive LFP time-series models estimated in a 100-ms window that was slid across each of three analysis epochs (fixation, sample, and delay). Low (25- 55 Hz) and high gamma (65- 100 Hz) activity were investigated separately due to evidence that they may be functionally distinct. Within each epoch, recording sites in the PPC and PFC were classified into groups according to the similarity of their power t-f plots derived by a K-means clustering algorithm. From the power-based site groups, the corresponding coherence and WGC were analyzed. This classification procedure uncovered spatial, temporal, and frequency dynamics of FPN involvement in WM and other co-occurring processes, such as sensory and target related processes. These processes were distinguishable by rule and performance accuracy across all three spectral measures- power, coherence, and WGC. Location and Identity rule were distinguishable by the low and high-gamma range.
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Date Issued: 2014
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004157
Subject Headings: Brain--Physiology., Biological rhythms., Attention--Physiological aspects., Cognitive neuroscience., Memory--Age factors., Short-term memory., Neural networks (Computer science)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Investigation of human visual spatial attention with fMRI and Granger Causality analysis.
Creator: Tang, Wei, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences
Abstract/Description: Contemporary understanding of human visual spatial attention rests on the hypothesis of a top-down control sending from cortical regions carrying higher-level functions to sensory regions. Evidence has been gathered through functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) experiments. The Frontal Eye Field (FEF) and IntraParietal Sulcus (IPS) are candidates proposed to form the frontoparietal attention network for top-down control. In this work we examined the influence patterns between...
Show moreContemporary understanding of human visual spatial attention rests on the hypothesis of a top-down control sending from cortical regions carrying higher-level functions to sensory regions. Evidence has been gathered through functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) experiments. The Frontal Eye Field (FEF) and IntraParietal Sulcus (IPS) are candidates proposed to form the frontoparietal attention network for top-down control. In this work we examined the influence patterns between frontoparietal network and Visual Occipital Cortex (VOC) using a statistical measure, Granger Causality (GC), with fMRI data acquired from subjects participated in a covert attention task. We found a directional asymmetry in GC between FEF/IPS and VOC, and further identified retinotopically specific control patterns in top-down GC. This work may lead to deeper understanding of goal-directed attention, as well as the application of GC to analyzing higher-level cognitive functions in healthy functioning human brain.
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Date Issued: 2011
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3334101
Subject Headings: Attention, Physiological aspects, Cognitive neuroscience, Brain, Magnetic resonance imaging, Sensorimotor integration, Movement sequences, Human information processing, Cognitive psychology, Visual perception, Testing
Format: Document (PDF)

FAU Theses and Dissertations (16)	+ -
FAU Graduate Student Research (1)	+ -
FAU Undergraduate Student Research (1)	+ -

Attention (9)	+ -
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (2)	+ -
Attention. (2)	+ -
Selective attention (2)	+ -
Selectivity (Psychology) (2)	+ -

Self-report inventories. (2)	+ -
Space perception (2)	+ -
Visual perception (2)	+ -
Alpha Rhythm (1)	+ -
Attachment behavior. (1)	+ -
Attention deficit disorder (1)	+ -
Attention--Experiments (1)	+ -
Attention--Physiological aspects. (1)	+ -
Attention--Testing (1)	+ -
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder--Diagnosis (1)	+ -
Attention-deficit-disordered children (1)	+ -
Attention-deficit-disordered children--Education (1)	+ -
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