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Title: Rethinking Affect Through Social Justice: Teresa Brennan, Energetics, and Living Attention.
Creator: Nelson, Erica J., Guilmette, Lauren, Florida Atlantic University, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of Philosophy
Abstract/Description: This work seeks to explore the possibilities of applying affect theory to practices of social justice, specifically, through the affect theories based on energetics described by Teresa Brennan. The first section gives an overview on Brennan’s main arguments and how I interpret her through a Spinozistic lens. This project then explores the positive and negative roles that happiness, anger, grief, and humor have had in various social movements and how they have often been mis- or underused in...
Show moreThis work seeks to explore the possibilities of applying affect theory to practices of social justice, specifically, through the affect theories based on energetics described by Teresa Brennan. The first section gives an overview on Brennan’s main arguments and how I interpret her through a Spinozistic lens. This project then explores the positive and negative roles that happiness, anger, grief, and humor have had in various social movements and how they have often been mis- or underused in these moments. The final section offers Brennan’s theory of “Living Attention” as a means of understanding our own affects and the affects of others and how to use them effectively and healthily.
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Date Issued: 2019
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013247
Subject Headings: Brennan, Teresa, 1952-2003, Affect (Psychology), Social justice
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: What's so fair about the status quo?: examining fairness criteria as moderators of system justification.
Creator: Martens, Nicholas J., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: System justification theorists have proposed that people are motivated to view their political, economic, and social circumstances as desirable, necessary, and fair (e.g., Jost, Nosek & Banaji, 2004). Despite more than 15 years of system justification research, the meaning of fairness within this context has not been investigated directly. Over the past several decades three major criteria have been identified as contributing to people's perceptions of fairness: distributive justice,...
Show moreSystem justification theorists have proposed that people are motivated to view their political, economic, and social circumstances as desirable, necessary, and fair (e.g., Jost, Nosek & Banaji, 2004). Despite more than 15 years of system justification research, the meaning of fairness within this context has not been investigated directly. Over the past several decades three major criteria have been identified as contributing to people's perceptions of fairness: distributive justice, procedural justice, and one's own idiosyncratic set of personal values. Focusing on the last two, we reasoned that values are represented more abstractly than is information about procedural fairness, and that the relative weight of values versus procedures should increase at higher levels of mental construal. Whereas information about procedures is often seen as providing a basis for the acceptance of undesirable outcomes, judgments based on personal conceptions of right and wrong are considered to be independent from "establishment, convention, rules, or authority" (Skitka & Mullen, 2008, p. 531), and are therefore unlikely to be used in a motivated defense of the status quo. We therefore hypothesized that system justification would be most likely to occur in conditions where procedures are most salient (i.e., at low levels of construal). However, despite using manipulations of the system justification motive that have previously been successful, and working with issues similar to those used in previous work, we were unable to produce the typical system justification pattern of results. Possible reasons for this are discussed.
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Date Issued: 2011
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3171722
Subject Headings: Social psychology, Social interaction, Justice (Philosophy), Social justice, Control (Psychology), Affect (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: System justification requires psychological proximity.
Creator: Martens, Nicholas J., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: System justification theorists have proposed that people will defend one's circumstances, even if they inflict psychological and material costs. This tendency has been found to extend even to outcomes that have not yet been decided, but are perceived as being likely; however, this research has only examined outcomes that will be decided on in the near future. According to Construal Level Theory (CLT), distant future events are represented primarily according to their essential features, while...
Show moreSystem justification theorists have proposed that people will defend one's circumstances, even if they inflict psychological and material costs. This tendency has been found to extend even to outcomes that have not yet been decided, but are perceived as being likely; however, this research has only examined outcomes that will be decided on in the near future. According to Construal Level Theory (CLT), distant future events are represented primarily according to their essential features, while thoughts about temporally near events are more concrete and contextual. We hypothesized that system justification results from the motivational impact of low-level thinking, and so would be expected to occur for near-future, but not distant-future, outcomes. Consistent with our hypothesis, our Main Study found evidence of system justification only when outcomes were to be decided in the near future. Distant future outcomes, in contrast, were viewed as being more undesirable as they became increasingly likely.
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Date Issued: 2008
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/186299
Subject Headings: Motivation (Psychology), Social service, Psychological aspects, Resilience (Personality trait), Affect (Psychology), Study and teaching
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Attitude and valence dynamics in response to changes in perceived similarity vs. difference: implications for human conflict.
Creator: Michaels, Jay L., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Despite extensive research in conflict, relatively little is known about how psychological processes evolve over time in response to a dispute. The present research examines how cognitive and affective processes react to cooperative, competitive, or mixed cooperative-competitive interactions. Experimental predictions were derived from a model of two-actor interaction (Liebovitch, Naudot, Vallacher, Nowak, Bu--Wrzosinksa & Coleman, 2008). Specifically, it was expected that attitudes and...
Show moreDespite extensive research in conflict, relatively little is known about how psychological processes evolve over time in response to a dispute. The present research examines how cognitive and affective processes react to cooperative, competitive, or mixed cooperative-competitive interactions. Experimental predictions were derived from a model of two-actor interaction (Liebovitch, Naudot, Vallacher, Nowak, Bu--Wrzosinksa & Coleman, 2008). Specifically, it was expected that attitudes and emotional valence would exhibit stable dynamics when people encountered a neutral, continually cooperative, or continually competitive interaction. However, attitudes and emotional valence were expected to exhibit perturbation in response to transitions from cooperation to competition and vice-versa. These predictions were tested in four experiments. The first study verified most predictions, finding that people have little attitude or valence reaction to interactions that are neutral, continually coo perative or continually competitive. This study also established that people's attitudes are significantly unstable when faced with an interaction shifting from cooperation to competition, and this is experienced with negative emotions. However, interactions shifting from competition to cooperation resulted in stable attitudes and emotional valence. The remaining three experiments sought to explain the lack of psychological reaction to the development of cooperation in a previously competitive interaction. In Study 2, interaction expectancy was ruled out as a factor. Study 3 demonstrated that the reactivity to sudden competition and lack of reactivity to sudden cooperation developed regardless of interaction history. Finally, Study 4 offers evidence indicating that the lack of reaction to sudden cooperation results from factors other than the duration of cooperative feedback. The research has several important implications. First, the results provide evidence that competition is, not necessarily a key factor in promoting heightened psychological reaction in conflict. Rather, transitions between peace and conflict likely hold greater influence on psychological processes in disputes. Furthermore, the experimental evidence provides the first empirical test of the model predictions and offers insight into how the model may be improved. By combining experimental results with the model, the research provides much needed information about how mental dynamics unfold and differ in response to cooperation versus competition.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3342236
Subject Headings: Conflict management, Collective behavior, Social psychology, Interpersonal relations, Emotional intelligence, Self-management (Psychology), Motivation (Psychology), Affect (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: From mortality to connectedness: an experimental study of affiliation, punitiveness, and mood.
Creator: Rosenzweig, Garreth., Harriet L. Wilkes Honors College
Abstract/Description: Terror Management Theory posits that induced death-related cognitions lead to anxiety. To relieve anxiety, individuals may bolster their self-esteem or current cultural worldviews. The current study hypothesizes that induced thoughts of social connectedness will be an anxiety-buffering mechanism that will reduce the need to defend one's worldview. Participants watched one of two films which were intended to either induce social connectedness or have no effect on the individual. Each...
Show moreTerror Management Theory posits that induced death-related cognitions lead to anxiety. To relieve anxiety, individuals may bolster their self-esteem or current cultural worldviews. The current study hypothesizes that induced thoughts of social connectedness will be an anxiety-buffering mechanism that will reduce the need to defend one's worldview. Participants watched one of two films which were intended to either induce social connectedness or have no effect on the individual. Each participant watched a short film clip then completed measures pertaining to moral transgressions, affiliative and agentic extraversion, self-esteem, and positive and negative affect. Females who were high on affiliation were found to defend their worldviews more often than males high on affiliation following the social connectedness induction. The experimental (42-Up) condition showed lower levels of punitiveness than the control (K-Web) condition.
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Date Issued: 2007
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/11602
Subject Headings: Experience, Psychological aspects, Interpersonal relations, Affect (Psychology), Mortality salience, Terror management theory
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Detection in dispositional change in romantic relationships: A dynamic explanation.
Creator: Bodin, Sarah G., Florida Atlantic University, Monson, Thomas C.
Abstract/Description: Many studies have been devoted to investigating the process by which individuals make dispositional attributions about the people that they encounter. A surprisingly small number of studies have been directed at examining the process by which individuals may detect change in their impressions of people once they have been formed. In fact, traditional social psychology literature suggests that individuals will engage in a number of processes to maintain or improve, rather than change, their...
Show moreMany studies have been devoted to investigating the process by which individuals make dispositional attributions about the people that they encounter. A surprisingly small number of studies have been directed at examining the process by which individuals may detect change in their impressions of people once they have been formed. In fact, traditional social psychology literature suggests that individuals will engage in a number of processes to maintain or improve, rather than change, their initial attributions. With such alarming divorce rates, it is quite obvious that romantic couples are detecting change in their perceptions of one another. However, romance and attribution research has not been able to fully explain how detection of perception change occurs in romantic relationships. More specifically, traditional linear theories of attribution are not able to clarify how dramatic dispositional change can occur in romantic relationships. Results from an experiment lead us to believe that the detection of dispositional change in romantic relationships is actually quite dynamic, counter to current beliefs in the field. In addition, the Discounting Principle may be used in non-traditional ways.
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Date Issued: 2005
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13245
Subject Headings: Attribution (Social psychology), Interpersonal communication, Interpersonal relations, Affect (Psychology)--Study and teaching, Social perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Emotional Intelligence and Self-Directed Learning.
Creator: Muller, Kenneth E., Guglielmino, Lucy M., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: The purpose of this study was to investigate possible relationships between selfdirected learning and emotional intelligence in healthcare managers. There are commonalities between these constructs; however, they had not previously been examined side by side. The interrelationships of these variables with age, gender, and tenure with the health system in a supervisory role were examined. A post hoc hypothesis exploring the relationships of self-directed learning, emotional intelligence,...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to investigate possible relationships between selfdirected learning and emotional intelligence in healthcare managers. There are commonalities between these constructs; however, they had not previously been examined side by side. The interrelationships of these variables with age, gender, and tenure with the health system in a supervisory role were examined. A post hoc hypothesis exploring the relationships of self-directed learning, emotional intelligence, problem solving ability needed on the job and the amount of change facing the manager in the workplace was formulated after the data were collected. Conclusions focus on the strong interrelationship between self-directed learning and emotional intelligence. This research failed to establish a link between performance, self-directed learning and emotional intelligence, perhaps attributable to unanticipated aspects of the performance review process of this health system. The study revealed significant relationships between self-directed learning, degree of change in the job and level of problem solving ability needed to perform the job. This topic merits further investigation in circumstances in which the performance assessment system is more likely to provide accurate, precise knowledge of the level of performance.
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Date Issued: 2007
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000682
Subject Headings: Emotional intelligence, Affect (Psychology), Academic achievement--Psychological aspects, Self-culture--Evaluation
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Examining Affectual Interaction within the Therapeutic Relationship Across Three Psychotherapeutic Theoretical Approaches.
Creator: Baker, Andrew Z., Peluso, Paul R., Florida Atlantic University, College of Education, Department of Counselor Education
Abstract/Description: The present study investigates the affectual interaction of three highly competent therapists using different theoretical approaches with a shared male client and female client in a professionally recorded video series. The interactions of clients and therapists in a total sample of six psychotherapy sessions were coded using the twenty code version of Gottman, Woodin, and Coan’s (1998) Specific Affect Coding System. Coded data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis tests which found no...
Show moreThe present study investigates the affectual interaction of three highly competent therapists using different theoretical approaches with a shared male client and female client in a professionally recorded video series. The interactions of clients and therapists in a total sample of six psychotherapy sessions were coded using the twenty code version of Gottman, Woodin, and Coan’s (1998) Specific Affect Coding System. Coded data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis tests which found no significant differences between the mean ranks of therapists’ codes between therapists. Significant effects among some affective behaviors were noted in therapists’ codes when compared by client. Coded data were also used to create mathematical models using ordinary differential equations for each of the six sessions. Kruskal-Wallis tests did not reveal significant effects in the mean ranks of the parameters of the mathematical models, and visual similarities and differences of these models were discussed. Additional analyses were conducted to examine clients’ affective behaviors as well and significant effects were revealed in the Kruskal-Wallis tests amongst many coded behaviors. The results support the presence of common factors and similarities in the therapeutic relationship among different theoretical approaches. The findings also add to the growing body of literature dedicated to the use of observational coding and dynamic nonlinear modeling in psychotherapy research. The implications for psychotherapy practice, education, and research are discussed.
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Date Issued: 2017
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004962, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004952
Subject Headings: Dissertations, Academic -- Florida Atlantic University, Psychotherapy., Affect (Psychology)., Psychotherapy--Research., Therapist and patient.
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Affect coding within the therapeutic relationship.
Creator: Luedke, Ashley J., College of Education, Department of Counselor Education
Abstract/Description: This study investigates affect coding within the therapeutic relationship, by exploring the client's and therapist's perception of the relationship and the facial and vocal affect expressed by both parties. A sample of 14 therapy sessions each having 1800 data points was collected. The Working Alliance Inventory Short Form (WAI-S) and Real Relationship Inventory (RRI) were completed after each recorded session. The participants were therapists and clients at a university counseling center in...
Show moreThis study investigates affect coding within the therapeutic relationship, by exploring the client's and therapist's perception of the relationship and the facial and vocal affect expressed by both parties. A sample of 14 therapy sessions each having 1800 data points was collected. The Working Alliance Inventory Short Form (WAI-S) and Real Relationship Inventory (RRI) were completed after each recorded session. The participants were therapists and clients at a university counseling center in South Florida. Data were analyzed using one-tailed t tests, descriptive statistics, scores from RRI and the WAI-S and percentages of negative, neutral and positive affect. Statistically significant relationships were found between seconds of therapist negative affect (t(13)= -2.065, p. <.05) and seconds of therapist neutral affect (t(13)= -1.959, p. <.05) for clients who dropped out of therapy. The seconds of negative affect coded for clients (t(13) = -1.396, p. >.05) was approaching statistical significance for clients who drop out of therapy. This study provides theoretical and empirical support for linking the presence of facial affect in the first session and its effects on the therapeutic relationship and thus client retention or drop out. The clinical implications of these findings are also discussed.
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Date Issued: 2013
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3362484
Subject Headings: Cognitive neuroscience, Interpersonal communication, Body language, Research, Methodology, Affect (Psychology), Psychotherapist and patient
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Mastery in the Therapeutic Relationship: Comparing the Emotional Behavior of a Master Therapist with Professional Therapists and Its Impact on Their Clients.
Creator: Diaz, Patricia M., Peluso, Paul R., Florida Atlantic University, College of Education, Department of Counselor Education
Abstract/Description: A quasi-experimental, between groups design was used to evaluate differences in emotional behavior, as measured by the Specific Affect Coding System (SPAFF), between professional therapists and their clients and a master therapist and his client. This coding system also was used to determine how emotional behavior shown by a master therapist changes over the course of six psychotherapy sessions. The research team recorded counseling sessions at a university counseling center in the...
Show moreA quasi-experimental, between groups design was used to evaluate differences in emotional behavior, as measured by the Specific Affect Coding System (SPAFF), between professional therapists and their clients and a master therapist and his client. This coding system also was used to determine how emotional behavior shown by a master therapist changes over the course of six psychotherapy sessions. The research team recorded counseling sessions at a university counseling center in the southeastern United States and coded this video data using SPAFF in real time. Data were analyzed quantitatively to determine whether significant differences in SPAFF codes exist between the master therapist, professional therapists at the university counseling center, and their respective clients. Results indicated that the master therapist showed significantly more neutral and less negative affect than his counterparts at the university in both sessions one and four. The master therapist’s client showed significantly more neutral affect and less negative in session one and significantly more positive affect and less negative affect in session four.
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Date Issued: 2017
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004964, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004954
Subject Headings: Dissertations, Academic -- Florida Atlantic University, Behavior., Psychotherapists., Therapist and patient., Psychotherapy--Practice., Affect (Psychology).
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Microwavable Dinners.
Creator: Davis, Sabrina Beth., Florida Atlantic University, Bucak, Ayse Papatya
Abstract/Description: Our lives are a series of patterns. In Katrina's case, fear plays a reoccurring role. Each chapter illustrates one particular picture in the protagonist's existence; each scene depicts a different year of her life, ranging from age six to twenty-six. The human body, both inner and outer, is a theme throughout, as well as her relationship with her mother. Each chapter title is named after a type of phobia, ranging from Mnemophobia (the fear of memories) to Ostraconophobia (the fear of shellfish).
Date Issued: 2005
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13273
Subject Headings: Fear - Physiological aspects, Women - Family relationships, Mothers and daughters, Phobias, Affect (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Understanding narcissism and self-esteem in children: proposing a new conceptualization of narcissism.
Creator: Evans, Rachel., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: This study examined the empirical relationship between narcissism and self-esteem in an attempt to evaluate competing conceptualizations of narcissism. Participants were 236 children (mean age 11.3 years) in the fourth through eighth grades. Counter to earlier conceptions, which characterized narcissism as very high self-esteem, narcissism and self-esteem were slightly negatively correlated. Also, narcissism predicted several adjustment variables, including aggression. None of these...
Show moreThis study examined the empirical relationship between narcissism and self-esteem in an attempt to evaluate competing conceptualizations of narcissism. Participants were 236 children (mean age 11.3 years) in the fourth through eighth grades. Counter to earlier conceptions, which characterized narcissism as very high self-esteem, narcissism and self-esteem were slightly negatively correlated. Also, narcissism predicted several adjustment variables, including aggression. None of these relationships was mediated by self-esteem. Lastly, self-esteem moderated the relationship between narcissism and aggression in boys. Taken together, these lines of evidence point to a new conceptualization of narcissism, modeled after self-discrepancy theory, in which narcissism is conceptualized as grandiosity in the ideal self. Implications of this proposal and directions for future research are discussed.
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Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/186767
Subject Headings: Self-esteem in children, Narcissism, Philosophy, Identity (Psychology), Affect (Psychology), Self (Philosophy), Borderline personality disorders in children
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Narcissism, perceptions of peer relationships, and target-specific aggression in middle childhood.
Creator: Anderson, Chelsie., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: This study examined how narcissism affects preadolescent children's choices of peer targets for aggression. Based on the idea that narcissists have a grandiose sense of self that requires nourishment, we hypothesized that narcissistic children are especially likely to attack peers who threaten, or fail to nourish, their grandiose self. We assessed narcissism and the degree to which each child's aggression toward peers depended on (a) the child's perceived liking by each peer, (b) the child's...
Show moreThis study examined how narcissism affects preadolescent children's choices of peer targets for aggression. Based on the idea that narcissists have a grandiose sense of self that requires nourishment, we hypothesized that narcissistic children are especially likely to attack peers who threaten, or fail to nourish, their grandiose self. We assessed narcissism and the degree to which each child's aggression toward peers depended on (a) the child's perceived liking by each peer, (b) the child's liking of each peer, (c) each peer's actual liking of the child, and (d) the child's perceived similarity to each peer. Participants were 197 children in the fourth through eighth grades at a university school. Narcissism predicted the four types of target-specific aggression in disparate ways for boys and girls. Narcissistic boys were especially likely to direct aggression toward male peers whom (a) they perceived as disliking them, (b) they disliked, and (c) they perceived as dissimilar to themselves. Narcissistic girls were especially likely to attack female peers whom they perceived as similar to themselves. Narcissism may enhance different motives for boys and girls in same-sex peer relatinships. We propose that narcissism enhances investment in status and rivalry amoung girls while enhancing the motive to attack dissimilar peers among boys.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3356886
Subject Headings: Identity (Psychology) in children, Adjustment (Psychology), Sex differences (Psychology), Affect (Psychology), Aggressiveness, Narcissism, Philosophy, Interpersonal relations in children, Social interaction in children, Self-esteem in children
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Allusions.
Creator: Nuruddin, Khaulah Naima, Prusa, Carol, Florida Atlantic University, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of Visual Arts and Art History
Abstract/Description: Allusions explores the volatile nature of intimate relationships by revisiting and recovering my memory of dramatic experiences in my own intimate relationships then translating them into painted psychological scenes. These scenes are activated by symbolically charged objects and interrupted by openings or portals serving as points of entry or exit. The people involved are referred to by pieces of carefully chosen furniture situated in a space that has shifting perspectives and illogical...
Show moreAllusions explores the volatile nature of intimate relationships by revisiting and recovering my memory of dramatic experiences in my own intimate relationships then translating them into painted psychological scenes. These scenes are activated by symbolically charged objects and interrupted by openings or portals serving as points of entry or exit. The people involved are referred to by pieces of carefully chosen furniture situated in a space that has shifting perspectives and illogical planes, referencing the complexity of memory and the subjectivity of experience. Discordant color, texture, and layered information are used to heighten the drama of the moment. These painted panels and ceramic structures are a manifestation of my mental processing of interpersonal exchanges and remembered experiences through the development of a unique visual vocabulary in paint.
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Date Issued: 2016
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004617
Subject Headings: Affect (Psychology), Visual perception., Optical art., Pictures--Psychological aspects., Color--Psychological aspects., Symbolism in art., Interpersonal relationships., Signs and symbols.
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Mirror neurons: imitation and emotional differences among males and females.
Creator: Reale, AmberRose, Rosselli, Monica, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: The mirror neuron system consists of a specific class of visuomotor neurons, which fire for both observation and execution of an action (di Pellegrino et al., 1992), as well as showing differences for empathy and gender. Fifty males (M = 25.94) and fifty females (M = 25.48) watched short clips of a hand tapping fingers in a sequence in neutral and emotional settings. Participants were asked to imitate emotions while watching and repeating the finger sequences. A univariate ANOVA discovered...
Show moreThe mirror neuron system consists of a specific class of visuomotor neurons, which fire for both observation and execution of an action (di Pellegrino et al., 1992), as well as showing differences for empathy and gender. Fifty males (M = 25.94) and fifty females (M = 25.48) watched short clips of a hand tapping fingers in a sequence in neutral and emotional settings. Participants were asked to imitate emotions while watching and repeating the finger sequences. A univariate ANOVA discovered significant differences in response times for males and females in the emotion trials, which were eliminated when empathy was included in the analysis. Findings show those higher in empathy are faster at imitation of a motor task in emotional settings.
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Date Issued: 2014
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004153
Subject Headings: Affective neuroscience, Emotions -- Psychological aspects, Form perception -- Physiological aspects, Pattern perception -- Physiological aspects, Perception -- Physiological aspects, Sex differences
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Assessing Processes of Connection and Development in Observations of the Therapeutic Relationship.
Creator: Freund, Robert R., Peluso, Paul R., Florida Atlantic University, College of Education, Department of Counselor Education
Abstract/Description: The present study applies Driver and Gottman’s (2004a) Turning System to observations of the therapeutic relationship in a quasi-experimental between and within groups design. A sample of 63 full counseling sessions (21 first sessions with clients who return for four sessions, 21 first sessions for clients who terminate therapy prior to four sessions, and 21 fourth sessions) were collected from a university counseling center in South Florida. Clients and clinicians also completed self report...
Show moreThe present study applies Driver and Gottman’s (2004a) Turning System to observations of the therapeutic relationship in a quasi-experimental between and within groups design. A sample of 63 full counseling sessions (21 first sessions with clients who return for four sessions, 21 first sessions for clients who terminate therapy prior to four sessions, and 21 fourth sessions) were collected from a university counseling center in South Florida. Clients and clinicians also completed self report evaluations of the therapeutic relationship that were also included in this study (Working Alliance Inventory – Short Form, and the Real Relationship Inventory). A series of multivariate analysis of the variance (MANOVA) tests were performed to assess for significant differences in Turning System behavior between return and dropout groups in the first sessions of therapy, as well as for significant differences between return groups’ first and fourth sessions. Correlation analyses were run for client and therapist self report data and Turning System codes. Overall, the Turning System codes did not predict attrition from therapy; however, significant effects were found for specific behaviors in the return versus dropout comparisons, including client’s uses of negative bids, high level questions, and preoccupied away responses. The Turning System also did not predict clear differences between behaviors in ongoing therapy, though significant effects were again found for individual behaviors enacted by both clients and therapists. Significant negative correlations were also found for return group clients between specific behaviors and ratings of the therapeutic alliance, such as high level questions and preoccupied away responses. Individual behaviors in the therapist return group, such as high level questions, negative bids, and interruptions, correlated negatively with ratings of the therapeutic alliance. The results of this study are presented in an effort to synthesize the data into a narrative for developing effective therapeutic relationships and guidance for future research.
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Date Issued: 2016
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004788, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004788
Subject Headings: Psychotherapy., Psychotherapist and patient., Patient participation., Mind and body therapies., Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy., Client-centered psychotherapy., Affect (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

FAU Theses and Dissertations (15)	+ -
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Dissertations, Academic -- Florida Atlantic University (2)	+ -
Emotional intelligence (2)	+ -

Interpersonal communication (2)	+ -
Motivation (Psychology) (2)	+ -
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Psychological aspects (2)	+ -
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