Current Search: Sediment (x)
Pages
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Title
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Deep ocean ROV operated coring device.
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Creator
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White, Dan G., Tietze, R. C., Jolly, D., Hammond, Don, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
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Date Issued
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1996
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3351970
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Subject Headings
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Remote submersibles--Design and construction, Remote submersibles--Automatic control, Marine sediments--Sampling
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Morphologic Evolution and Alongshore Variability of Two Nourishment Projects in Southeast FL, USA.
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Creator
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Shahan, Thomas A., Roberts Briggs, Tiffany, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Geosciences
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Abstract/Description
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For the last several decades, beach nourishment has been a widely implemented erosion mitigation strategy along many developed coastlines. Measuring subsequent patterns of erosion and accretion can help elucidate local sediment transport trends, improve time scale predictions of profile equilibration, decrease renourishment intervals, and adjust future engineering design of nourishments. This study evaluates the morphologic evolution of two beach nourishment projects (e.g., characterized as a...
Show moreFor the last several decades, beach nourishment has been a widely implemented erosion mitigation strategy along many developed coastlines. Measuring subsequent patterns of erosion and accretion can help elucidate local sediment transport trends, improve time scale predictions of profile equilibration, decrease renourishment intervals, and adjust future engineering design of nourishments. This study evaluates the morphologic evolution of two beach nourishment projects (e.g., characterized as a full and partial nourishment) at the same location in Boca Raton, Florida using time series beach profiles, surface sediment samples, and wave data. More than 85% of sediment volume was retained within the full nourishment six months after project completion, compared to 50% retained eight months after completion of the partial nourishment. Wave energy largely influenced immediate post nourishment change. Profile equilibration was controlled by high-energy events (i.e., hurricanes) for both nourishments.
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Date Issued
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2018
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005973
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Subject Headings
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Beach nourishment, Florida--Boca Raton, Erosion--Florida, Sediment transport
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Use of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) in a Study on Beach Morphodynamics at Red Reef Beach, Boca Raton, Florida.
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Creator
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Camara dos Santos Porto, Sabrina, Briggs, Tiffany Roberts, Comas, Xavier, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Geosciences
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Abstract/Description
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The internal architecture of a beach system can provide clues into the processes involved in its formation, including depositional processes, and/or driving mechanisms (Billy et al., 2014). Several unique events such as cold fronts or Hurricane Irma caused conditions that resulted in erosion and accretion changes in Red Reef Beach - Boca Raton, throughout the year of 2017. Since the lateral extent of these changes is difficult to evaluate using traditional methods such as coring, a Ground...
Show moreThe internal architecture of a beach system can provide clues into the processes involved in its formation, including depositional processes, and/or driving mechanisms (Billy et al., 2014). Several unique events such as cold fronts or Hurricane Irma caused conditions that resulted in erosion and accretion changes in Red Reef Beach - Boca Raton, throughout the year of 2017. Since the lateral extent of these changes is difficult to evaluate using traditional methods such as coring, a Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) was tested, which allows for a good lateral resolution (cm scale), to image the distribution and evolution of these sediments. The objectives of this study were to 1) explore the lateral variability in the internal architecture of sediments in Red Reef beach in Boca Raton (FL) using an array of ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurements constrained with coring and sediment analysis; 2) explore how dynamics of erosion and accretion induced by changes in wave activity and related to tide variation and storm events, may affect surface topography and the sedimentary internal architecture of beach deposits, using RTK GPS and GPR time-lapse measurements; 3) to explore changes in the lateral extent of the freshsaltwater interface along the beach profile in relation to tide variation and storm events. Reflectors identified in the GPR images showed some evidence of erosional and accretionary surfaces preserved in Red Reef beach. These measurements were repeated over time coinciding with certain events (such as Hurricane Irma) to explore their effects in terms of sediment erosion and accretion as reflected in changes in topography (using time-lapse GPS-RTK measurements), and changes in the internal sedimentary architecture (using time-lapse GPR measurements). The datasets collected also revealed the temporal evolution of the salt-freshwater interface, showing how the lateral extent of saltwater saturated sediment (inferred from areas of GPR signal attenuation along the profiles) evolved over time. This study shows the potential of GPR to provide information about beach sediment processes and dynamics at resolutions beyond traditional measurements (such as coring). It also shows the importance of combining methods that are complementary, such as the use of RTK GPS to explore changes in topography, and GPR that provides information on subsurface sedimentary architecture and the mechanism of change such as post-storm recovery. This study has implications for better understanding changes in coastal sedimentary deposits and processes, both at the subsurface, particularly after high-energy events, such as hurricanes, that result in rapid changes in erosion and/or accretion of sediments.
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Date Issued
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2017
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005947
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Subject Headings
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Dissertations, Academic -- Florida Atlantic University, Beaches--Florida, Ground penetrating radar., Sediments (Geology)--Analysis.
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Late quaternary depositional and erosional environments of the Louisiana continental shelf: interpretation of fluvial terrain with emphasis on distributary systems from seismic and core data.
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Creator
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Mester, Zachary Samuel., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Geosciences
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Abstract/Description
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The submerged paleodrainage system of the early Balize delta complex that extended onto the inner continental shelf at 1500 YBP has not been completely studied in great detail. This study interprets the environmental deltaic facies of the Balize Delta, in the Sandy Point region offshore the southeastern Louisiana coast from 120 km of seismic data and 48 vibracores. The stratigraphic and environmental units established in this study provide a geological framework for this area. Overlying...
Show moreThe submerged paleodrainage system of the early Balize delta complex that extended onto the inner continental shelf at 1500 YBP has not been completely studied in great detail. This study interprets the environmental deltaic facies of the Balize Delta, in the Sandy Point region offshore the southeastern Louisiana coast from 120 km of seismic data and 48 vibracores. The stratigraphic and environmental units established in this study provide a geological framework for this area. Overlying Holocene deposits interpreted to be muds of prodelta and lower delta front origin were interpreted as having been deposited from the retreating delta sit atop a transgressive surface, indicated by the toplapping seismic reflectors, the ravinement surface. The deltaic facies below the ravinement surface are of regressive origin an inner shelf delta with widespread delta front sheet sands from a dense group of many distributaries. This research provides a concise methodology adapted from multiple studies for modeling deltaic facies of offshore sand resource targets.
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Date Issued
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2011
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3171718
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Subject Headings
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Continental shelf, Seismic prospecting, Environmental policy, Sediments (Geology), Coastal zone management
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Investigating variability of biogenic gas dynamics in peat soils using high temporal frequency hydrogeophysical methods.
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Creator
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Wright, William J., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Geosciences
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Abstract/Description
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Peat soils are known to be a significant source of atmospheric greenhouse gasses. However, the releases of methane and carbon dioxide gasses from peat soils are currently not well understood, particularly since the timing of the releases are poorly constrained. Furthermore, most research work performed on peatlands has been focused on temperate to sub-arctic peatlands, while recent works have suggested that gas production rates from low-latitude peat soils are higher than those from colder...
Show morePeat soils are known to be a significant source of atmospheric greenhouse gasses. However, the releases of methane and carbon dioxide gasses from peat soils are currently not well understood, particularly since the timing of the releases are poorly constrained. Furthermore, most research work performed on peatlands has been focused on temperate to sub-arctic peatlands, while recent works have suggested that gas production rates from low-latitude peat soils are higher than those from colder climates. The purpose of the work proposed here is to introduce an autonomous Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) method for investigating the timing of gas releases from peat soils at the lab scale utilizing samples originating from Maine and the Florida Everglades, and at the field scale in a Maine peatland. Geophysical data are supported by direct gas flux measurements using the flux chamber method enhanced by timelapse photography, and terrestrial LiDAR (TLS) monitoring surface deformation.
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Date Issued
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2013
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3361256
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Subject Headings
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Gas dynamics, Wetland ecology, Soil permeability, Estuarine sediments, Ground penetrating radar, Hydrogeology, Geophysics
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Hydrodynamics of mangrove root-type models.
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Creator
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Kazemi, Amirkhosro, Curet, Oscar M., Florida Atlantic University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
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Abstract/Description
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Mangrove trees play a prominent role in coastal tropic and subtropical regions, providing habitat for many organisms and protecting shorelines against storm surges, high winds, erosion, and tsunamis. The motivation of this proposal is to understand the complex interaction of mangrove roots during tidal flow conditions using simplified physical models. In this dissertation, the mangrove roots were modeled with a circular array of cylinders with different porosities and spacing ratios. In...
Show moreMangrove trees play a prominent role in coastal tropic and subtropical regions, providing habitat for many organisms and protecting shorelines against storm surges, high winds, erosion, and tsunamis. The motivation of this proposal is to understand the complex interaction of mangrove roots during tidal flow conditions using simplified physical models. In this dissertation, the mangrove roots were modeled with a circular array of cylinders with different porosities and spacing ratios. In addition, we modeled the flexibility of the roots by attaching rigid cylinders to hinge connectors. The models were tested in a water tunnel for a range of Reynolds number from 2200 to 11000. Additionally, we performed 2D flow visualization for different root models in a flowing soap film setup. We measured drag force and the instantanous streamwise velocity downstream of the models. Furthermore, we investigated the fluid dynamics downstream of the models using a 2-D time-resolved particle image velocimetry (PIV), and flow visualization. The result was analyzed to present time-averaged and time-resolved flow parameters including the velocity distribution, vorticity, streamline, Reynolds shear stress and turbulent kinetic energy. We found that the frequency of the vortex shedding increases as the diameter of the small cylinders decreases while the patch diameter is constant, therefore increasing the Strouhal number, St=fD/U By comparing the change of Strouhal numbers with a single solid cylinder, we introduced a new length scale, the “effective diameter”. In addition, the effective diameter of the patch decreases as the porosity increases. In addition, patch drag decreases linearly as the spacing ratio increases. For flexible cylinders, we found that a decrease in stiffness increases both patch drag and the wake deficit behind the patch in a similar fashion as increasing the blockage of the patch. The average drag coefficient decreased with increasing Reynolds number and with increasing porosity. We found that the Reynolds stress (−u′v′) peak is not only shifted in the vortex structure because of shear layer interference, but also the intensity was weakened by increasing the porosity, which causes a weakening of the buckling of vorticity layers leading to a decline in vortex strength as well as increase in wake elongation.
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Date Issued
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2017
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004948, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004948
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Subject Headings
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Fluid mechanics., Atmospheric models., Ocean currents--Mathematical models., Sediment transport., Estuarine oceanography.
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Artificial neural network prediction of alluvial river geometry.
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Creator
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Hoffman, David Carl., Florida Atlantic University, Scarlatos, Panagiotis (Pete) D.
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Abstract/Description
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An artificial neural network is used to predict the stable geometry of alluvial rivers. This knowledge is useful for the design of new channels or modification of natural rivers. Given inputs of river discharge, slope and mean particle size, an artificial neural network is trained to predict the corresponding stable channel width and depth. The network is trained using data from several alluvial canals and rivers. Various factors including training set size and composition, number of hidden...
Show moreAn artificial neural network is used to predict the stable geometry of alluvial rivers. This knowledge is useful for the design of new channels or modification of natural rivers. Given inputs of river discharge, slope and mean particle size, an artificial neural network is trained to predict the corresponding stable channel width and depth. The network is trained using data from several alluvial canals and rivers. Various factors including training set size and composition, number of hidden layer nodes, activation function type, and data scaling method are analyzed as variables affecting network performance. These factors are studied to determine impacts on network accuracy and generalizing ability.
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Date Issued
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1995
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15179
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Subject Headings
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Alluvial streams, Neural networks (Computer science), Back propagation (Artificial intelligence), Sediment transport--Computer programs
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Deposition and chronostratigraphic subdivision of the Quaternary sediments: Broward County, Florida.
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Creator
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Giddings, Jefferson Boehm, Florida Atlantic University, Finkl, Charles W.
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Abstract/Description
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The southern Florida peninsula has experienced numerous oscillations of sealevel during the Quaternary Period. Lithologic and stratigraphic interpretation of geologic borings collected in the region suggest five separate marine transgressions separated by periods of prolonged exposure. Subdivision of the marine units was through the recognition of lithologic changes and the identification of paleosols. Paleosols generally signify periods of subaerial exposure suggesting a hiatus between...
Show moreThe southern Florida peninsula has experienced numerous oscillations of sealevel during the Quaternary Period. Lithologic and stratigraphic interpretation of geologic borings collected in the region suggest five separate marine transgressions separated by periods of prolonged exposure. Subdivision of the marine units was through the recognition of lithologic changes and the identification of paleosols. Paleosols generally signify periods of subaerial exposure suggesting a hiatus between similar shallow water siliciclastic and carbonate marine deposits. Amino acid racemization on mollusk shells collected from the upper three units confirm the stratigraphic subdivision and suggest high sealevel stands and associated marine depositional events during oxygen isotope stage 5E (125,000 years BP), stage 7 (210,000 years BP) and stage 9 (300,000 years BP).
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Date Issued
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1999
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15649
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Subject Headings
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Geology, Stratigraphic--Quaternary, Sedimentation and deposition--Florida--Broward County
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Analysis of modern carbonate sediments: Lubber's Bank, Abaco, Bahamas.
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Creator
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Banks, Kenneth W., Florida Atlantic University, Finkl, Charles W.
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Abstract/Description
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The Bahamas archipelago is comprised of numerous carbonate platforms. Within these platforms are a variety of carbonate depositional environments, each unique and warranting detailed investigations of the interrelationships of physical conditions and trends in sediment texture and composition. This study examines one of these environments, Lubber's Bank. The bank is mapped and the physical hydrographic setting in the vicinity of the bank is examined through field measurements, analysis of...
Show moreThe Bahamas archipelago is comprised of numerous carbonate platforms. Within these platforms are a variety of carbonate depositional environments, each unique and warranting detailed investigations of the interrelationships of physical conditions and trends in sediment texture and composition. This study examines one of these environments, Lubber's Bank. The bank is mapped and the physical hydrographic setting in the vicinity of the bank is examined through field measurements, analysis of satellite pictures and predictive techniques. This information is correlated with analysis of sediment texture and composition. Results indicate that the surface sediments on the bank probably originate in the surrounding sea grass beds and on the bank as skeletal material and may have originated by the accumulation of sediments on antecedent topographic highs during the Holocene transgression.
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Date Issued
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1999
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15645
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Subject Headings
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Carbonate rocks--Bahamas, Sedimentation and deposition--Bahamas, Geology--Bahamas
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Sedimentary characteristics of Sugar Ridge and their implications for sediment transport in Lake Okeechobee, Florida.
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Creator
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Badiali, Matthew Joel., Florida Atlantic University, Gallagher, Jacqueline
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Abstract/Description
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Lake Okeechobee is one of the largest lakes in the United States, yet its formation, circulation, and geomorphology are not well known. The ridges that occur on the eastern and northern shorelines of the lake have not been studied. Sugar Ridge is the closest ridge to the lake on the central part of the eastern shoreline. It is composed of medium- to fine-grained quartz (sugar sand) sediments in a dynamic form, superimposed upon organic peat and muck layers. It contains centimeter-scale...
Show moreLake Okeechobee is one of the largest lakes in the United States, yet its formation, circulation, and geomorphology are not well known. The ridges that occur on the eastern and northern shorelines of the lake have not been studied. Sugar Ridge is the closest ridge to the lake on the central part of the eastern shoreline. It is composed of medium- to fine-grained quartz (sugar sand) sediments in a dynamic form, superimposed upon organic peat and muck layers. It contains centimeter-scale bedding that exhibits many sedimentary structures typical of an accretionary barrier beach. Wind waves are considered the most likely cause of transport of the clastic sediments to the study area. Variations in lake level and wind in the region are such that conditions were favorable for development primarily in the winter. That is when lake levels were high enough to reach the ridge and the winds were strong enough to cause waves to transport sediment. Sediment was transported from the mouth of the Kissimmee clockwise around the northern perimeter. However, today the lake is completely enclosed and its levels are constantly manipulated.
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Date Issued
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2000
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12668
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Subject Headings
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Sediment transport--Florida--Okeechobee, Lake, Beach ridges, Okeechobee, Lake (Fla )
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Sediment classification of the sea floor using the Chirp Sonar and the Biot model.
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Creator
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Beaujean, Pierre-Philippe, Florida Atlantic University, LeBlanc, Lester R.
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Abstract/Description
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A new method is proposed to infer the geotechnical properties of the sea floor from its response to the frequency-modulated pulses emitted by the subbottom profiler called Chirp Sonar. The environment is assumed to be a multilayered medium, composed of homogeneous layers, or an inhomogeneous half-space with depth-dependent properties. The acoustic response of the sediment is computed using the Biot-Stoll theory. The Levenberg-Marquardt method is applied to fit the synthetic response to the...
Show moreA new method is proposed to infer the geotechnical properties of the sea floor from its response to the frequency-modulated pulses emitted by the subbottom profiler called Chirp Sonar. The environment is assumed to be a multilayered medium, composed of homogeneous layers, or an inhomogeneous half-space with depth-dependent properties. The acoustic response of the sediment is computed using the Biot-Stoll theory. The Levenberg-Marquardt method is applied to fit the synthetic response to the experimental response of an homogeneous layer overlying the sea floor. The porosity, the permeability, the mean grain diameter, the mass density, the bulk modulus and the shear modulus within this sediment layer can be estimated. A multilayered medium with depth-dependent properties could be applied to this inversion technique in the future.
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Date Issued
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1995
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15208
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Subject Headings
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Marine sediments--Acoustic properties, Underwater acoustics--Measurement, Ocean bottom, Sonar
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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An investigation of the influence of surface roughness on reflection coefficients measured by a chirp sonar using a laser profiling of the seafloor.
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Creator
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Hache, Nicolas., Florida Atlantic University, Beaujean, Pierre-Philippe, Schock, Steven G.
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Abstract/Description
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This research investigates the validity of an acoustic propagation model by comparing theoretical reflection coefficients, function of frequency, to FAU chirp sonar measurements (chirp sub-bottom profiler). An acoustic model has been implemented to estimate the spectrum of energy reflected from sandy sediments in the presence of surface scattering. The surface roughness being the dominant reverberation part, the volume scattering has been neglected in this model. A laser scanning system...
Show moreThis research investigates the validity of an acoustic propagation model by comparing theoretical reflection coefficients, function of frequency, to FAU chirp sonar measurements (chirp sub-bottom profiler). An acoustic model has been implemented to estimate the spectrum of energy reflected from sandy sediments in the presence of surface scattering. The surface roughness being the dominant reverberation part, the volume scattering has been neglected in this model. A laser scanning system involving an image-processing algorithm has been designed to measure the seafloor bottom roughness using 1D Fourier transforms. In the case of anisotropic roughness, an estimation of the sand ripples dominant direction is provided involving 2D Fourier transforms. Measurements of acoustic data using a chirp sonar and estimation of bottom roughness from video data of the scanner over an artificial bottom are provided to compare the reflection coefficients obtained from the data actually measured with those from the acoustical model.
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Date Issued
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2005
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13212
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Subject Headings
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Underwater acoustics--Measurement, Marine sediments--Acoustic properties, Oceanography, Seawater--Acoustic properties
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Isolation and characterization of chlorophyll and carotenoids in Florida Bay: Phytoplankton, microphytobenthos and sediments.
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Creator
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Loitz, Joseph William, Florida Atlantic University, Louda, J. William
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Abstract/Description
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An analysis of the waters, microphytobenthos, and carbonate marl sediments of Florida Bay was performed using ion-paired RP-HPLC-PDA for chemotaxonomic characterization of past and present photoautotrophic, communities. Application of regression formulae was determined to be applicable for the waters, microphytobenthos, and surficial sediments (0--5 cm) of Florida Bay using chemotaxonomic principles. Loss of chemotaxonomically important pigments with depth prevented similar application in...
Show moreAn analysis of the waters, microphytobenthos, and carbonate marl sediments of Florida Bay was performed using ion-paired RP-HPLC-PDA for chemotaxonomic characterization of past and present photoautotrophic, communities. Application of regression formulae was determined to be applicable for the waters, microphytobenthos, and surficial sediments (0--5 cm) of Florida Bay using chemotaxonomic principles. Loss of chemotaxonomically important pigments with depth prevented similar application in deeper strata (>5 cm), however, past oxic and anoxic trends could be determined. Sedimentary alteration of pigments are characterized by: rapid conversion of chlorophylls-alpha and bacteriochlorophylls-alpha to their respective pheophytins-alpha, creation of a 'carotenoid diol-cluster', equilibrium isomerization of beta-carotene (15-cis and trans), and rapid conversion of pyropheophorbide-alpha to cyclopheophorbide-alpha. An abundant presence of pyropheophorbide-alpha steryl/hopanoid esters and an unusual relationship between organic carbon and water content providing the sediments with polymeric characteristics were also found.
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Date Issued
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1999
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15734
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Subject Headings
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Marine sediments--Florida--Florida Bay, Carotenoids--Analysis, Chlorophyll--Analysis
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Sulfur-35 incorporation in the seagrass Thalassia testudinum under oxic and anoxic conditions.
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Creator
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Peters, Jasmine Star., Florida Atlantic University, Koch, Marguerite
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Abstract/Description
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Currently, there is a great deal of interest in the role of sulfur in the seagrass ecosystems and for sulfide, a known phytotoxin, in particular. This research used a 35S tracer technique to examine sulfur metabolism in the seagrass Thalassia testudinum. The uptake of the 35S radiotracer was documented at similar rates under both oxic and anoxic treatments. The highest total radioactivity was in root and rhizome tissue, as compared to the leaves. 35S translocation from roots to leaves was...
Show moreCurrently, there is a great deal of interest in the role of sulfur in the seagrass ecosystems and for sulfide, a known phytotoxin, in particular. This research used a 35S tracer technique to examine sulfur metabolism in the seagrass Thalassia testudinum. The uptake of the 35S radiotracer was documented at similar rates under both oxic and anoxic treatments. The highest total radioactivity was in root and rhizome tissue, as compared to the leaves. 35S translocation from roots to leaves was found to be more efficient in young versus mature leaves. Total sulfur uptake was estimated and found to be significantly different between root and rhizome tissue under oxic conditions. In the anoxic treatment, 1 mM sulfide may have been a threshold, at which the seagrass showed reduced uptake of 35S into the below-ground tissue. While the plants assisted in the production of sulfide in this experiment, sulfide accumulation may inhibit 35S uptake. This is counter to the idea of increased sulfide intrusion under sediment hypoxia. This study represents the first attempt to use 35S to trace sulfur incorporation into seagrass; further research will be required to understand the complex sulfur biochemistry of these important marine plants using this method.
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Date Issued
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2006
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13385
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Subject Headings
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Seagrasses--Ecology, Sulfates--Physiological effect, Plant morphology, Marine sediments
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF BEACH NOURISHMENT PROJECTS CONSTRUCTED WITH BENEFICIAL USE OF DREDGE MATERIAL IN PALM BEACH COUNTY, FLORIDA.
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Creator
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Inman, Camryn Leigh, Briggs, Tiffany Roberts, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Environmental Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
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Abstract/Description
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Sourcing sediment from adjacent inlets for placement on eroded downdrift beaches is an increasingly common practice, as an inlet sources’ proximity to a placement site reduces the transportation cost of a project and is considered a beneficial use of the dredge material (BUDM). This project aimed to compare two nourishment projects using adjacent inlet sediment sources for changes in water quality, morphology, and sedimentology at two geographically similar locations in southeast Florida. In...
Show moreSourcing sediment from adjacent inlets for placement on eroded downdrift beaches is an increasingly common practice, as an inlet sources’ proximity to a placement site reduces the transportation cost of a project and is considered a beneficial use of the dredge material (BUDM). This project aimed to compare two nourishment projects using adjacent inlet sediment sources for changes in water quality, morphology, and sedimentology at two geographically similar locations in southeast Florida. In 2023, Jupiter Beach Park (Jupiter, FL) and South Inlet Park Beach (Boca Raton, FL) were nourished using sediment from the adjacent inlet system. Jupiter was nourished with sediment from the inlet’s sand trap and Boca Raton was nourished with sediment from the ebb shoal. Suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in the water column is closely associated with other properties of water including temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen. A sudden increase in suspended sediment in nearshore water can be triggered by anthropogenic activity, like nourishment, as well as natural occurrences, like storms. Sampling began prior to the initiation of nourishment (February) and continued throughout hurricane season (May – November). Sediment samples were analyzed for moment method statistics (i.e., mean, standard deviation/sorting) at half-phi intervals above 63μm. Fine sediment (<63μm) was dried and weighed. Surface and bottom water samples were collected and measured for SSC, dissolved oxygen, temperature, and salinity to analyze changes in response to nourishment.
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Date Issued
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2024
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014477
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Subject Headings
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Beach nourishment, Sediments (Geology), Palm Beach County (Fla.), Coastal zone management
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Farfield modeling of the Boynton Inlet plume using sulfur hexafluoride as tracer.
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Creator
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Pire-Schmidt, Joaquin., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatics Engineering
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Abstract/Description
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The analysis and modeling of the coastal farfield behavior of inlet discharge plumes is the key to understanding the fate of pollutants discharged into the ocean. These plumes disperse in chaotic and unpredictable patterns. Theoretical models are based on the average conditions and calibrated to the results of tracer studies. Data and models for freshwater discharges in coastal ocean systems are limited because of the lack of adequate tracers. On February, 2007, a tracer study was conducted...
Show moreThe analysis and modeling of the coastal farfield behavior of inlet discharge plumes is the key to understanding the fate of pollutants discharged into the ocean. These plumes disperse in chaotic and unpredictable patterns. Theoretical models are based on the average conditions and calibrated to the results of tracer studies. Data and models for freshwater discharges in coastal ocean systems are limited because of the lack of adequate tracers. On February, 2007, a tracer study was conducted on the Boynton Inlet, Florida, using sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer. The objective of this study is to provide methods of analysis for the sample data collected during the experiment. The detected tracer concentrated in a bolus that migrated north of the inlet at velocities lower than predicted by the current data. The plume was successfully modeled with a Gaussian plume model, with 90% of the SF6 predictions having less than 4.6 pptr error.
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Date Issued
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2009
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/186771
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Subject Headings
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Plumes (Fluid dynamics), Water, Pollution, Sedimentation and deposition, Environmental aspects, Pollution, Mathematical models
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Storm-Induced Neashore Sediment Transport.
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Creator
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Warren, William F., Briggs, Tiffany Roberts, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Geosciences
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Abstract/Description
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Each year storms impact coastal areas, sometimes causing significant morphologic change. Cold fronts are associated with increased wave energy and frequently occur during the winter months along many coasts, such as the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico. The higher wave energy can be responsible for a large quantity of the sediment transport resulting in rapid morphologic change. Using streamer traps, the vertical distribution of onshore-directed sediment transport during two different cold fronts...
Show moreEach year storms impact coastal areas, sometimes causing significant morphologic change. Cold fronts are associated with increased wave energy and frequently occur during the winter months along many coasts, such as the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico. The higher wave energy can be responsible for a large quantity of the sediment transport resulting in rapid morphologic change. Using streamer traps, the vertical distribution of onshore-directed sediment transport during two different cold fronts on two low-wave energy beaches (i.e., along the northern Yucatan and southeast Florida) were compared with the resulting morphologic change. The objectives of this study are to: 1) analyze the grain size distribution (statistics) of sediment transported during a cold front, 2) compare the vertical sediment distribution throughout the water column, and 3) compare characteristics of bed sediment to the sediment within the water column. Understanding the changing grain size distribution of bottom sediments in comparison to directional transport (throughout the water column) should help determine the sediment fraction(s) being eroded or deposited, which could greatly improve predictions of storm-induced morphology change.
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Date Issued
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2017
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004830, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004830
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Subject Headings
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Coast changes--Mathematical models., Coastal zone management., Geomorphology., Sediment transport--Analysis., Coastal engineering--Mathematical models.
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Multi-scale characterization of dissolution structures and porosity distribution in the upper part of the Biscayne aquifer using ground penetrating radar (GPR).
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Creator
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Mount, Gregory J., Comas, Xavier, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Geosciences
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Abstract/Description
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The karst Biscayne aquifer is characterized by a heterogeneous spatial arrangement of porosity, making hydrogeological characterization difficult. In this dissertation, I investigate the use of ground penetrating radar (GPR), for understanding the spatial distribution of porosity variability in the Miami Limestone presented as a compilation of studies where scale of measurement is progressively increased to account for varying dimensions of dissolution features. In Chapter 2, GPR in zero...
Show moreThe karst Biscayne aquifer is characterized by a heterogeneous spatial arrangement of porosity, making hydrogeological characterization difficult. In this dissertation, I investigate the use of ground penetrating radar (GPR), for understanding the spatial distribution of porosity variability in the Miami Limestone presented as a compilation of studies where scale of measurement is progressively increased to account for varying dimensions of dissolution features. In Chapter 2, GPR in zero offset acquisition mode is used to investigate the 2-D distribution of porosity and dielectric permittivity in a block of Miami Limestone at the laboratory scale (< 1.0 m). Petrophysical models based on fully saturated and unsaturated. water conditions are used to estimate porosity and solid dielectric permittivity of the limestone. Results show a good correspondence between analytical and GPR-based porosity estimates and show variability between 22.0-66.0 %. In Chapter 3, GPR in common offset and common midpoint acquisition mode are used to estimate bulk porosity of the unsaturated Miami Limestone at the field scale (10.0-100.0 m). Estimates of porosity are based on the assumption that the directly measured water table reflector is flat and that any deviation is attributed to changes in velocity due to porosity variability. Results show sharp changes in porosity ranging between 33.2-60.9 % attributed to dissolution areas. In Chapter 4, GPR in common offset mode is used to characterize porosity variability in the saturated Biscayne aquifer at 100-1000 m field scales. The presence of numerous diffraction hyperbolae are used to estimate electromagnetic wave velocity and asses both horizontal and vertical changes in porosity after application of a petrophysical model. Results show porosity variability between 23.0-41.0 % and confirm the presence of isolated areas that could serve as enhanced infiltration or recharge. This research allows for the identification and delineation areas of macroporosity areas at 0.01 m lateral resolution and shows variability of porosity at different scales, reaching 37.0 % within 1.3 m, associated with areas of enhanced dissolution. Such improved resolution of porosity estimates can benefit water management efforts and transport modelling and help to better understand small scale relationships between ground water and surface water interactions.
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Date Issued
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2014
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004143
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Subject Headings
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Ground penetrating radar, Limestone -- Florida -- Miami Dade County -- Analysis, Physical geology, Sedimentary basins -- Florida -- Biscayne Aquifer, Sedimentation analysis
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Analysis of nearshore turbidity plumes using passive multispectral archive satellite data: Interactions of tidal current and bathymetry in Broward County, Florida.
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Creator
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DaPrato, Gary Wayne., Florida Atlantic University, Finkl, Charles W.
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Abstract/Description
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The interaction of tidal currents and bathymetry in the nearshore environment is investigated as an essential component in the study of cross-shore turbidity plumes. Clay and silt-sized grains which comprise a minor portion of natural beaches and artificial fills are modulated through the water column by nearshore currents. Tidal jets and undertow currents are forcing factors in the expansion of circulation currents that carry fine-grained suspended sediments offshore in large mega-plumes....
Show moreThe interaction of tidal currents and bathymetry in the nearshore environment is investigated as an essential component in the study of cross-shore turbidity plumes. Clay and silt-sized grains which comprise a minor portion of natural beaches and artificial fills are modulated through the water column by nearshore currents. Tidal jets and undertow currents are forcing factors in the expansion of circulation currents that carry fine-grained suspended sediments offshore in large mega-plumes. Enhanced contextual coverages from satellite imagery delineating plume morphology show a strong relationship between bathymetry and tidal current. The forces exerted by tidal action and frictions resisting this movement are examined by incorporating techniques of image processing, modeling, and statistical analysis in a GIS database environment. This analysis examines an experimental anisotropic cost distance algorithm that is utilized in the modeling of turbidity plumes to better understand the dispersion of suspended sediments in coastal Broward County.
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Date Issued
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1995
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15154
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Subject Headings
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Remote sensing--Florida--Broward County, Coastal zone management--Florida--Broward County, Marine sediments--Florida, Turbidity currents
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Format
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Document (PDF)
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Title
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Sediment phosphorus fractionation in calcium carbonate sediments of northeastern Florida Bay.
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Creator
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Benz, Robert E., Jr., Florida Atlantic University, Koch, Marguerite
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Abstract/Description
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Different physiochemical processes control phosphorus storage in subtropical versus temperate estuaries; however, few studies are available on sediment phosphorus storage from the subtropics. In this study, solid-phase phosphorus pools of northeastern Florida Bay's sediments were examined by sequential chemical extractions, separating phosphorus into exchangeable, iron-bound, calcium-bound, and residual organic fractions. Calcium-bound phosphorus was the dominant fraction, accounting for...
Show moreDifferent physiochemical processes control phosphorus storage in subtropical versus temperate estuaries; however, few studies are available on sediment phosphorus storage from the subtropics. In this study, solid-phase phosphorus pools of northeastern Florida Bay's sediments were examined by sequential chemical extractions, separating phosphorus into exchangeable, iron-bound, calcium-bound, and residual organic fractions. Calcium-bound phosphorus was the dominant fraction, accounting for approximately 60% of the total phosphorus and 93% of the inorganic phosphorus. Residual organic phosphorus was the second dominant fraction, accounting for 37% of the total phosphorus. In contrast to calcium-bound and residual organic phosphorus, the concentration of iron-bound phosphorus was low, indicating a limited role of iron in long-term phosphorus storage. The fine-grained carbonate sediments of Florida Bay probably account for the large pool of calcium-bound phosphorus, while the proximity of the mangroves to the northeastern section of the Bay may account for the high residual organic pool of phosphorus.
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Date Issued
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2000
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PURL
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http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15763
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Subject Headings
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Water--Phosphorus content, Marine sediments--Florida--Florida Bay, Calcium carbonate, Florida Bay (Fla )--Environmental conditions
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Format
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Document (PDF)
Pages