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- Title
- Dynamics in the stream of self-reflection.
- Creator
- Buchholz, Christopher Thomas, Florida Atlantic University, Vallacher, Robin R.
- Abstract/Description
-
This work argues that the self can be viewed as a dynamical system, with lower-level cognitive and affective elements that interact over time giving rise to global patterns of thought and behavior. The underlying structural features of the self-system promote temporal variation in self-evaluation in the stream of thought. To capture the dynamics of self-evaluation, a refinement of the "mouse paradigm" is employed. This procedure assesses the stream of self-evaluative thought and thus provides...
Show moreThis work argues that the self can be viewed as a dynamical system, with lower-level cognitive and affective elements that interact over time giving rise to global patterns of thought and behavior. The underlying structural features of the self-system promote temporal variation in self-evaluation in the stream of thought. To capture the dynamics of self-evaluation, a refinement of the "mouse paradigm" is employed. This procedure assesses the stream of self-evaluative thought and thus provides insight into the global structural features of the self. The goals of this research were to establish the validity of the "mouse paradigm" and to explore the relationship between the structure and dynamics of the self as expressed in self-reflection. The "mouse paradigm" is a procedure where individuals talk about themselves and subsequently indicate the valence of their self-description using a computer mouse. Participants move the mouse pointer (towards a target in the center of the screen to indicate a positive self-evaluation and away from the target to indicate a negative self-evaluation) while listening to the previously recorded version of their self-description. This technique makes it possible to examine self-evaluation as it changes over time. In study 1, participants described themselves after exposure to various self-relevant memory primes (positive, negative, mixed, and no prime). Traditional measures of the structural features of the self were found to be systematically related to the dynamic properties of participants' mouse movements (distance from target, variance, rate of change, and time at rest). Also, the priming manipulations were found to significantly alter the valence and dynamic properties of participants' self-evaluation. Study 2 explored the relationship between individual differences in self-structure and susceptibility to external influence. Participants were asked to describe themselves from three different perspectives (ideal self, actual self, and feared self). Perspective taking was found to systematically alter the nature of participants' self-evaluations. Furthermore, participants with relatively "weak" self-structures were found to be more influenced by the perspective manipulation. In general, results suggest that global properties of self-structure are related to the temporal flow of self-evaluation. Furthermore, individual differences in self-structure result in different levels of susceptibility to extrinsic influence.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2002
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/11999
- Subject Headings
- Self-evaluation, Self, Self-perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SELF-CONCEPTS: CHILDREN FROM ONE-PARENT HOME ENVIRONMENTS, CHILDREN FROM TWO-PARENT HOME ENVIRONMENTS.
- Creator
- SINGER, KARLA, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a significant difference between the reported self-concepts of children living in one-parent homes and children living in two-parent homes. In addition, the variables of sex and grade level were investigated to determine whether there is a significant difference between the reported self-concepts of males and females in grades one and three. Based on the population studied, the findings of an analysis of variance, a multivariate...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a significant difference between the reported self-concepts of children living in one-parent homes and children living in two-parent homes. In addition, the variables of sex and grade level were investigated to determine whether there is a significant difference between the reported self-concepts of males and females in grades one and three. Based on the population studied, the findings of an analysis of variance, a multivariate analysis of variance, and the Fisher t-test all indicated and supported that there is a statistically significant difference, at the .05 level, between the reported self-concepts of children living in one-parent and two-parent homes. Children from two-parent homes had a considerably higher mean, 44.6, as compared to a 39.1 mean for children from one-parent homes. The findings indicated that there is a statistically significant difference between the reported self-concepts of male and female students in the primary grades. Females had a mean of 44.4 as compared to a 39.3 mean for males. There was no statistically significant difference between first and third graders with means of 42.0 and 41.7 respectively. Implications of these conclusions pertain specifically to the sample included in this study; limitations imposed by definition and by selection should be observed before making broad application of the findings to populations which are not closely similar in design.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1978
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/11711
- Subject Headings
- Self-perception in children, Academic achievement
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- CONTRAST EFFECTS IN THE ACQUISITION OF A BRIGHTNESS DISCRIMINATION.
- Creator
- MOORE, JOHN NICHOLAS, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
An attempt was made to determine the effects of successive shifts in the quality of a reinforcing agent upon the acquisition of a brightness discrimination. Two levels of sucrose concentration (4 and 32%) were combined factorially during preadaptation and discrimination phases. Dependent measures included response rate and the number of errors made during discrimination acquisition. Results indicated non-significant negative contrast effects in errors and, in addition, negative contrast and...
Show moreAn attempt was made to determine the effects of successive shifts in the quality of a reinforcing agent upon the acquisition of a brightness discrimination. Two levels of sucrose concentration (4 and 32%) were combined factorially during preadaptation and discrimination phases. Dependent measures included response rate and the number of errors made during discrimination acquisition. Results indicated non-significant negative contrast effects in errors and, in addition, negative contrast and amount of reward effects in terms of response rate. It was hypothesized that the absence of amount of reward effects in errors and positive contrast in both dependent measures was a function of a partial between groups design and ceiling effects respectively.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1974
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13669
- Subject Headings
- Discrimination learning, Brightness perception, Reward (Psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- VISUAL CONCEPTS: PROTOTYPE ABSTRACTION AND SPECIFIC REPRESENTATION.
- Creator
- TROMLEY, CHERYL LYNN., Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
Prototype abstraction and specific representations were examined using two acquisition procedures (paired-associate and concept formation) for concept members generated by applying one of two distortion rules (form preserving and form destroying) to eight-dot base patterns. One distortion rule maximized the configurational similarity between concept members and minimized their elemental similarity (form preserving). The other maximized the elemental similarity between concept members and...
Show morePrototype abstraction and specific representations were examined using two acquisition procedures (paired-associate and concept formation) for concept members generated by applying one of two distortion rules (form preserving and form destroying) to eight-dot base patterns. One distortion rule maximized the configurational similarity between concept members and minimized their elemental similarity (form preserving). The other maximized the elemental similarity between concept members and minimized their configurational similarity (form destroying). Either immediately following acquisition or after a two-week delay, subjects were given a classification test which included the concept members learned during acquisition and novel members of the concepts. Evidence for prototype abstraction was found only for form preserving concepts. This result was interpreted as evidence for the configurational nature of a prototypical representation. Evidence for long-term retention of specific representations was found only for form destroying concepts. This result was explained by a model involving a network of partially overlapping features.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1978
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13941
- Subject Headings
- Visual perception--Testing, Concepts, Abstraction
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Visual threat cues for autonomous navigation.
- Creator
- Kundur, Sridhar Reddy, Florida Atlantic University, Raviv, Daniel, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
- Abstract/Description
-
This dissertation deals with novel vision-based motion cues called the Visual Threat Cues (VTCs), suitable for autonomous navigation tasks such as collision avoidance and maintenance of clearance. The VTCs are time-based and provide some measure for a relative change in range as well as clearance between a 3D surface and a moving observer. They are independent of the 3D environment around the observer and need almost no a-priori knowledge about it. For each VTC presented in this dissertation,...
Show moreThis dissertation deals with novel vision-based motion cues called the Visual Threat Cues (VTCs), suitable for autonomous navigation tasks such as collision avoidance and maintenance of clearance. The VTCs are time-based and provide some measure for a relative change in range as well as clearance between a 3D surface and a moving observer. They are independent of the 3D environment around the observer and need almost no a-priori knowledge about it. For each VTC presented in this dissertation, there is a corresponding visual field associated with it. Each visual field constitutes a family of imaginary 3D surfaces attached to the moving observer. All the points that lie on a particular imaginary 3D surface, produce the same value of the VTC. These visual fields can be used to demarcate the space around the moving observer into safe and danger zones of varying degree. Several approaches to extract the VTCs from a sequence of monocular images have been suggested. A practical method to extract the VTCs from a sequence of images of 3D textured surfaces, obtained by a visually fixation, fixed-focus moving camera is also presented. This approach is based on the extraction of a global image dissimilarity measure called the Image Quality Measure (IQM), which is extracted directly from the raw data of the gray level images. Based on the relative variations of the measured IQM, the VTCs are extracted. This practical approach to extract the VTCs needs no 3D reconstruction, depth information, optical flow or feature tracking. This algorithm to extract the VTCs was tested on several indoor as well as outdoor real image sequences. Two vision-based closed-loop control schemes for autonomous navigation tasks were implemented in a-priori unknown textured environments using one of the VTCs as relevant sensory feedback information. They are based on a set of IF-THEN fuzzy rules and need almost no a-priori information about the vehicle dynamics, speed, direction of motion, etc. They were implemented in real-time using a camera mounted on a six degree-of-freedom flight simulator.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1996
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12476
- Subject Headings
- Computer vision, Robot vision, Visual perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN REPRODUCTIVE MEMORY.
- Creator
- WHITEHURST, ROBERT EUGENE, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
Individual differences were obtained in a task requiring the reproduction of familiar and unfamiliar dot patterns. These individual differences were related to Hock's (1973) distinction between Ss emphasizing analytic vs. structural processes. For some Ss (structural), reproductive performance was facilitated by past experience, presumably because these Ss acquired a structural organizational scheme of knowledge. For the other Ss (analytic), reproductive performance was retarded by past...
Show moreIndividual differences were obtained in a task requiring the reproduction of familiar and unfamiliar dot patterns. These individual differences were related to Hock's (1973) distinction between Ss emphasizing analytic vs. structural processes. For some Ss (structural), reproductive performance was facilitated by past experience, presumably because these Ss acquired a structural organizational scheme of knowledge. For the other Ss (analytic), reproductive performance was retarded by past experience, presumably because these Ss acquired a knowledge of "distinctive" features.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1975
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13748
- Subject Headings
- Reproduction (Psychology), Visual perception, Recognition (Psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Cooperative self-organization in the perception of coherent motion.
- Creator
- Balz, Gunther William, Florida Atlantic University, Hock, Howard S.
- Abstract/Description
-
A row of dots is presented in a series of alternating frames; dots in each frame are located at the midpoints between dots of the preceding frame. Although the perceived frame-to-frame direction of motion could vary randomly, cooperativity is indicated by the emergence of two coherent motion patterns, one unidirectional, the other oscillatory. Small increases in the time between frames are sufficient for the bias, which maintains the previously established motion direction (unidirectional...
Show moreA row of dots is presented in a series of alternating frames; dots in each frame are located at the midpoints between dots of the preceding frame. Although the perceived frame-to-frame direction of motion could vary randomly, cooperativity is indicated by the emergence of two coherent motion patterns, one unidirectional, the other oscillatory. Small increases in the time between frames are sufficient for the bias, which maintains the previously established motion direction (unidirectional motion), to be reversed, becoming a bias which inhibits that direction (oscillatory motion). Unidirectional motion, which predominates for small dot separations, and oscillatory motion, which predominates for large separations, are associated with short-range and long-range motion (Braddick, 1974) by manipulating the shape of the dots, their luminance, and the luminance of the inter-frame blank field. Pulsing/flicker emerges as a third perceptual state that competes with unidirectional motion for very small dot separations.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1991
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14712
- Subject Headings
- Motion perception (Vision), Perceptual-motor learning
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The relationship between memory and social judgement: A dynamical perspective.
- Creator
- Yuan, Xiaojing, Florida Atlantic University, Vallacher, Robin R.
- Abstract/Description
-
This study explored the relationship between memory and social judgment. Subjects evaluated someone who was described in both desirable and undesirable terms in a taped conversation. They used a computer mouse to express their judgments on a moment-to-moment basis for 90 sec. under one of three instructional sets: memory-based (mouse judgment upon completion of the conversation, based on their recall of information), on-line (mouse judgment while listening to the conversation), and off-line ...
Show moreThis study explored the relationship between memory and social judgment. Subjects evaluated someone who was described in both desirable and undesirable terms in a taped conversation. They used a computer mouse to express their judgments on a moment-to-moment basis for 90 sec. under one of three instructional sets: memory-based (mouse judgment upon completion of the conversation, based on their recall of information), on-line (mouse judgment while listening to the conversation), and off-line (mouse judgment upon completion of the conversation, based on their judgments formed while listening to the conversation). Half the subjects believed their judgments were relevant to the person's fate (high importance), half believed their judgments were not relevant to his fate (low importance). Subjects in the off-line/important condition demonstrated sustained oscillation in their mouse judgments throughout the judgment period in accord with dynamic integration. In all other conditions, subjects converged on a stable judgment relatively quickly, in accord with static integration.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1997
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15472
- Subject Headings
- Social values, Social perception, Memory, Judgment (Logic)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Squirrel Monkeys, Discrimination Learning and Sequential Testing: The Redundancy, Relative Position and Complexity of Random Shapes.
- Creator
- McNab, Levie J., Michels, Kenneth M., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
This study was a partial replication of one previously reported by Nash and Michels (1966). The purpose was to investigate perceptual form discrimination behavior of young squirrel monkeys as affected by contextual variables of the stimulus. The variables examined were Redundancy, Position and, of the form itself, Complexity. In addition, a sequential method of testing and recording was compared with the conventional 50-trial block procedure. Two 17 month old monkeys were tested on eight...
Show moreThis study was a partial replication of one previously reported by Nash and Michels (1966). The purpose was to investigate perceptual form discrimination behavior of young squirrel monkeys as affected by contextual variables of the stimulus. The variables examined were Redundancy, Position and, of the form itself, Complexity. In addition, a sequential method of testing and recording was compared with the conventional 50-trial block procedure. Two 17 month old monkeys were tested on eight twochoice problems in a Purdue General Test Apparatus. The problems each consisted of two slides on which pairs of random shapes were presented. The shapes within each pair of slides were held constant on the parameters investigated. One slide was designated as the positive stimulus and presented in either the right or left position in random order. The number of correct responses for the 50-trial blocks, as examined by an analysis of variance, failed to reach statistical significance for any of the variables investigated. However, graphic inspection of the data suggests general agreement with the findings of Nash and Michels (1966). In comparing the two methods of testing, the sequential test of performance (STOP) was equally as effective as the conventional method and could have provided a substantial savings in test time. Comparison of scores obtained by the two procedures shows good correlation. Although no strong conclusions can be drawn from the data, they do lead to the speculation that there is a relationship between effect and extent of redundancy, and that failure of S to make a correct response in the test situation may be the result of cue sampling rather than a failure to discriminate.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1968
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00012593
- Subject Headings
- Form perception, Visual discrimination, Monkeys--Behavior
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Spontaneous pattern changes for bistable apparent motion stimuli: Perceptual satiation or memory attraction?.
- Creator
- Voss, Audrey A., Florida Atlantic University, Hock, Howard S.
- Abstract/Description
-
Subjects judge motion direction for an apparent motion stimulus with competing perceptual organizations: Vertical vs. horizontal motion. The two patterns are coupled. When one is perceptually instantiated the other remains active in memory, resulting in sudden changes in perceived motion direction under constant stimulus conditions. The probability of change from an initially horizontal to a vertical pattern remains constant over time, showing that perceptual satiation is insufficient to...
Show moreSubjects judge motion direction for an apparent motion stimulus with competing perceptual organizations: Vertical vs. horizontal motion. The two patterns are coupled. When one is perceptually instantiated the other remains active in memory, resulting in sudden changes in perceived motion direction under constant stimulus conditions. The probability of change from an initially horizontal to a vertical pattern remains constant over time, showing that perceptual satiation is insufficient to explain the occurrence of spontaneous perceptual changes. It is proposed that spontaneous changes also occur because the pattern active in memory attracts the percept away from the currently instantiated pattern. The attraction hypothesis specifies that the activation of the memory pattern (and hence its attractive strength) increases as a result of previous experience. It is supported by evidence that the likelihood of changing, say from horizontal to vertical motion, is increased if the motion pattern was previously vertical.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1991
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14721
- Subject Headings
- Motion perception (Vision), Perceptual-motor learning
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Stability of victimization in elementary school children.
- Creator
- Epstein, Adam Matthew, Florida Atlantic University, Perry, David G.
- Abstract/Description
-
The stability of victimization (and of related variables, such as aggression and rejection) was explored over a two-year period. Subjects were 135 elementary school children (third through sixth graders) who were given the Victimization and Aggression Inventory (VAI) as well as a sociometric status measure. Two years later the measures were readministered. All three variables (victimization, aggression, and rejection) were found to be moderately stable over the two-year period, but stability...
Show moreThe stability of victimization (and of related variables, such as aggression and rejection) was explored over a two-year period. Subjects were 135 elementary school children (third through sixth graders) who were given the Victimization and Aggression Inventory (VAI) as well as a sociometric status measure. Two years later the measures were readministered. All three variables (victimization, aggression, and rejection) were found to be moderately stable over the two-year period, but stability varied with measure and with cohort (grade of child at first testing). Aggression was stable for all four cohorts whereas victimization was stable only for the older cohorts. Partial correlations revealed that the stability of victimization, but not aggression, was dependent to a large degree on children's rejection scores. Hierarchical regression analyses yielded evidence consistent with the hypothesis that rejection causes victimization.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1990
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14596
- Subject Headings
- Aggressiveness in children, Social perception in children
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- SOCIAL ROLES, SELF-CONCEPTIONS, AND MORAL REASONING.
- Creator
- RICHMOND, SANDRA SAMAL, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
According to Kohlberg's (1975, 1976, 1978, 1980a, 1980b, 1981, 1985) theory of moral development, individuals progress sequentially through a series of stages as they develop more sophisticated moral reasoning skills. The purpose of this research was to consider the possible relationships between social role-playing, role conflict, self-conceptions, college experience, and level of moral reasoning. Subjects were 197 students enrolled in introductory social science courses at a public junior...
Show moreAccording to Kohlberg's (1975, 1976, 1978, 1980a, 1980b, 1981, 1985) theory of moral development, individuals progress sequentially through a series of stages as they develop more sophisticated moral reasoning skills. The purpose of this research was to consider the possible relationships between social role-playing, role conflict, self-conceptions, college experience, and level of moral reasoning. Subjects were 197 students enrolled in introductory social science courses at a public junior college in a metropolitan area in southeast Florida. The age range of the subjects in this study was from 17 to 66 years, with a mean age of 22 years. There were 78 males and 119 females involved. Rest's (1979a, 1979b) Defining Issues Test was used to measure level of moral reasoning. This test yields a "p" score representing the amount of principled moral reasoning demonstrated by the subject while taking the test. Social role-playing and role conflict were measured by a role-playing questionnaire. The number of social roles listed and the number of role conflicts reported by the subjects were counted. The social self-conception was determined through the use of the Twenty Statements Test, that is, the number of times subjects listed social roles and group memberships in answer to the question "Who am I?" Androgyny was measured by the Bem Sex-Role Inventory. College experience was measured by the question "Is this your first time in college?" Scholastic aptitude, social-economic class, age, and sex were included as control variables. The variables that were significantly correlated with the level of moral reasoning in this sample were scholastic aptitude (r =.47, p < .01), age (r =.23, p < .01), social role-playing (r =.35, p < .01), and college experience (r =.17, p < .05). Social role-playing was the only variable that significantly added to the predictability of moral reasoning when the control variables scholastic aptitude, social-economic class, age, and sex were considered. The increment to the R^2 was .03 (F (84,5) = 3.97, p < .05). Social role-playing also incremented the well documented contribution of age and scholastic aptitude in predicting the level of moral reasoning. The increment to the R^2 was .03 (F (3, 86) = 3.98, p < .05). These results suggest that social role-playing should be considered in a developmental model of moral development.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1987
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/11901
- Subject Headings
- Social role, Self-perception, Moral development
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- DIRECT AND INDIRECT ASSOCIATIONS FROM PEER PERCEPTIONS OF BEING FUN TO INTERPERSONAL OUTCOMES DURING PRE- AND EARLY ADOLESCENCE.
- Creator
- James, Mary Page, Laursen, Brett, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
- Abstract/Description
-
Children who are perceived by classmates as being fun increase their peer status over time, but little is known about whether being fun predicts other peer outcomes. Also unknown are mechanisms whereby being fun predicts changes in peer outcomes. Associations with fun, like surgency, suggest that children high in fun are more likely to gain friends while children low in fun are more likely to lose friends, indicating that friend gain and friend loss may serve as intervening links between...
Show moreChildren who are perceived by classmates as being fun increase their peer status over time, but little is known about whether being fun predicts other peer outcomes. Also unknown are mechanisms whereby being fun predicts changes in peer outcomes. Associations with fun, like surgency, suggest that children high in fun are more likely to gain friends while children low in fun are more likely to lose friends, indicating that friend gain and friend loss may serve as intervening links between being fun and peer outcomes. Participants (171 girls, 190 boys) were third to seventh grade students attending a public school in Florida. Across three time points approximately three-months apart, participants reported who their friends were, nominated peers who best fit descriptions of fun and popular, and completed self-reports assessing peer problems. Results indicated that being fun predicted subsequent changes in popularity and peer problems via friend gain but not friend loss. The findings suggest that being fun is a unique predictor of peer outcomes and that friend gain is a mechanism whereby fun children experience positive peer outcomes.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2022
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014098
- Subject Headings
- Adolescence, Children, Social perception, Psychology, Experimental
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- In Pursuit of Perceptions: Priming Intervention during a Goal-Directed Behavioral Task.
- Creator
- Osei, Peter Claudius, Barenholtz, Elan, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
- Abstract/Description
-
Learning to effectively execute goal-directed tasks generally requires guidance from knowledgeable experts that can direct the performer’s attention toward important environmental features. However, specifying the optimal attentional strategies is difficult due to the subjective nature of perceptions and the complexity of the underlying neural processes. The current skill acquisition literature emphasizes action-based contingencies through Predictive and Ecological models when examining...
Show moreLearning to effectively execute goal-directed tasks generally requires guidance from knowledgeable experts that can direct the performer’s attention toward important environmental features. However, specifying the optimal attentional strategies is difficult due to the subjective nature of perceptions and the complexity of the underlying neural processes. The current skill acquisition literature emphasizes action-based contingencies through Predictive and Ecological models when examining attentional processes, while Perceptual Control Theory advocates for perceptual-based mechanisms. To evaluate the efficacy of these models, this study implicitly primed one hundred fifteen participants to focus on action-based or perceptual-based aspects during an interceptive task. It was predicted that the perceptual-based priming condition would result in faster learning and greater resilience to environmental disturbances. However, the highly variable results did not show significant differences in learning rate or resilience between the action and perceptual-based conditions. Ultimately, the variability in the findings suggests that a superior performance depends on numerous factors unique to each performer. Consequently, instructional methods cannot rely on a single optimal attentional strategy for gathering environmental information. Instead, the dynamic interplay between the individual and the environment must be considered to foster the skill development of novice performers.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2023
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014290
- Subject Headings
- Perception, Attention, Cognitive psychology--Research
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Social networks and personality in a Liberal Arts College.
- Creator
- Gopaldas, Amrita, Lanning, Kevin
- Date Issued
- 2012-04-06
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3350905
- Subject Headings
- Online social networks, Identity (psychology), Social perception, Self-perception, Interpersonal communication, Psychological aspects
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Perceptions of beauty.
- Creator
- Metzner, Michael John., Harriet L. Wilkes Honors College
- Abstract/Description
-
Is beauty really in the eye of the beholder? Historically, philosophers, poets, artists, and scientists have striven to define and express one of the most complex words in the English language : beauty. In contemporary society we tend to casually ascribe the word beauty to many various objects,paintings, sounds, and ideas. Its meaning can adhere to a stone, to the oscillating waves of an ocean, to the nonorganic as to the organic. Perceptions of Beauty is a project the follows my journey as...
Show moreIs beauty really in the eye of the beholder? Historically, philosophers, poets, artists, and scientists have striven to define and express one of the most complex words in the English language : beauty. In contemporary society we tend to casually ascribe the word beauty to many various objects,paintings, sounds, and ideas. Its meaning can adhere to a stone, to the oscillating waves of an ocean, to the nonorganic as to the organic. Perceptions of Beauty is a project the follows my journey as an artist and how my perception of beauty has changed over the past four years. Using examples from select artists, philosophers, and scientific studies, I will contend that Beauty is not "in the eye of the beholder," but is a complex and formulated characteristic that inspires not only an emotional response, but evokes mechanisms that defy our understanding of ourselves.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2012
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3359317
- Subject Headings
- Perception (Philosophy), Visual perception, Aesthetics, Psychological aspects, Art, Philosophy, Philosophy of nature
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Social networks and personality in a liberal arts college.
- Creator
- Gopaldas, Amrita, Harriet L. Wilkes Honors College
- Abstract/Description
-
In this study, relationships between social networks and personality in a small liberal arts college were examined. Participants were asked to list members of their social networks, the activities in which they participated, and to complete the Sentence Completion Test (SCT), and the California Psychological Inventory (CPI). On the CPI, individuals with high scores on measures related to extraversion (particularaly the CPI Sociability scale) will have a greater network size and report a...
Show moreIn this study, relationships between social networks and personality in a small liberal arts college were examined. Participants were asked to list members of their social networks, the activities in which they participated, and to complete the Sentence Completion Test (SCT), and the California Psychological Inventory (CPI). On the CPI, individuals with high scores on measures related to extraversion (particularaly the CPI Sociability scale) will have a greater network size and report a larger number of activities. In additon, the extent to which participants formed relationships with individuals with similar levels of ego development, and similar personality profiles, that is, the degree of homophily in relationships were evaluated. Finally, it was examined whether this homophily increased over time, that is, whether students increasingly gravitated towards others with similar personalities during the college years.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2012
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3359293
- Subject Headings
- Online social networks, Psychological aspects, Identity (Psychology), Interpersonal communication, Social perception, Self-perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Cyclical Variations in Object and Spatial-based Attention.
- Creator
- Ray, Subhosit, Sheremata, Summer, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
- Abstract/Description
-
Spatial-based attention is shown to vary in strength over short intervals of time. Whether object-based selection also has similar temporal variability is not known. Egly, Driver and Rafal (1994) demonstrated using 2-rectangle displays how both spatial and object-based selection engages in processing of a visual scene. In Experiment-1 using the 2-rectangle paradigm we measured temporal variability of target detection by presenting targets at a variable SOA. In Experiment-2, we used 4-squares...
Show moreSpatial-based attention is shown to vary in strength over short intervals of time. Whether object-based selection also has similar temporal variability is not known. Egly, Driver and Rafal (1994) demonstrated using 2-rectangle displays how both spatial and object-based selection engages in processing of a visual scene. In Experiment-1 using the 2-rectangle paradigm we measured temporal variability of target detection by presenting targets at a variable SOA. In Experiment-2, we used 4-squares to preclude any object-based selection and measured temporal variability in target detection at similar locations as in Experiment-1. We found target detection to be periodic in delta and theta hertz rhythm in both Experiment-1 and Experiment-2 upon comparing corresponding cue-valid and same-object locations. Similar spectral profiles across experiments indicate a split-spotlight of spatial attention that rhythmically monitors cue-valid and other invalid locations. Future experiments are needed to determine whether object-based selection is periodic in nature.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2020
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013563
- Subject Headings
- Attention, Visual Perception, Space perception, Selective attention, Selectivity (Psychology), Visual system
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Potential stimulus contributions to counterchange determined motion perception.
- Creator
- Park, Cynthia Louise Smith, Hock, Howard S., Barenholtz, Elan, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
Prior research has explored the counterchange model of motion detection in terms of counterchanging information that originates in the stimulus foreground (or objects). These experiments explore counterchange apparent motion with regard to a new apparent motion stimulus where the necessary counterchanging information required for apparent motion is provided by altering the luminance of the background. It was found that apparent motion produced by background-counterchange requires longer frame...
Show morePrior research has explored the counterchange model of motion detection in terms of counterchanging information that originates in the stimulus foreground (or objects). These experiments explore counterchange apparent motion with regard to a new apparent motion stimulus where the necessary counterchanging information required for apparent motion is provided by altering the luminance of the background. It was found that apparent motion produced by background-counterchange requires longer frame durations and lower levels of average stimulus contrast compared to foreground-counterchange. Furthermore, inter-object distance does not influence apparent motion produced by background-counterchange to the degree it influences apparent motion produced by foreground-counterchange.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004313
- Subject Headings
- Motion perception (Vision), Perceptual motor processes, Visual analysis, Visual discrimination, Visual pathways, Visual perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Competition between opposing motion directions in the perception of apparent motion: A new look at an old stimulus.
- Creator
- Huisman, Avia, Florida Atlantic University, Hock, Howard S.
- Abstract/Description
-
This study tested the hypothesis that the perception of 2-flash apparent motion (points of light are briefly presented in succession at a nearby locations) is the outcome of competition between two opposing motion directions activated by the stimulus. Experiment 1 replicated previous results obtained using 2-flash stimuli; motion was optimal for a non-zero inter-frame interval (Kolers, 1972; Wertheimer, 1912). In Experiment 2, stimuli were pared down to a single luminance change toward the...
Show moreThis study tested the hypothesis that the perception of 2-flash apparent motion (points of light are briefly presented in succession at a nearby locations) is the outcome of competition between two opposing motion directions activated by the stimulus. Experiment 1 replicated previous results obtained using 2-flash stimuli; motion was optimal for a non-zero inter-frame interval (Kolers, 1972; Wertheimer, 1912). In Experiment 2, stimuli were pared down to a single luminance change toward the background at one location, and a single luminance change away from the background at one location at another. Results were consistent with apparent motion being specified by the counter-changing luminance; motion was optimal for a non-zero inter-frame interval. A subtractive model based on counter-change stimulating opposing motion directions did not account for the results of the 2-flash experiment. An alternative model based on the combined transient responses of biphasic detectors is discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2005
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13209
- Subject Headings
- Contrast sensitivity (Vision), Visual perception, Motion perception (Vision), Movement, Psychology of
- Format
- Document (PDF)