Current Search: Marine ecology (x)
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- Title
- Land-based nutrient enrichment of the Buccoo Reef Complex and fringing coral reefs of Tobago, West Indies.
- Creator
- Lapointe, Brian E., Langton, Richard, Bedford, Bradley J., Potts, Arthur C., Day, Owen, Hu, Chuanmin
- Date Issued
- 2010-03
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/1429256
- Subject Headings
- Coral reef ecology --West Indies, Coral reef ecology --Research, Eutrophication, Marine pollution
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Limitations on macroinvertebrate populations in South Florida weltands.
- Creator
- Knorp, Natalie E., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
-
It can be difficult to disentangle the factors that determine population success in freshwater systems, particularly for organisms with disturbance-resistant life stages like aquatic invertebrates. Nevertheless, the effects of environmental variation and habitat structure on animal population success in wetlands are important for understanding both trophic interactions and biodiversity. I performed two experiments to determine the factors limiting crayfish (Procambarus fallax) and dragonfly ...
Show moreIt can be difficult to disentangle the factors that determine population success in freshwater systems, particularly for organisms with disturbance-resistant life stages like aquatic invertebrates. Nevertheless, the effects of environmental variation and habitat structure on animal population success in wetlands are important for understanding both trophic interactions and biodiversity. I performed two experiments to determine the factors limiting crayfish (Procambarus fallax) and dragonfly (Family: Libellulidae) populations in wetland environments. A simulation of a dry-disturbance and subsequent sunfish (Family: Centrarchidae) re-colonization revealed that crayfish populations are sensitive to sunfish, while dragonfly naiads seemed to be limited by other drying-related factors. A second manipulation revealed that small-bodied fishes and habitat structure (submerged vegetation) shaped dragonfly communities primarily through postcolonization processes.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3362485
- Subject Headings
- Wetland ecology, Wildlife conservation, Freshwater invertebrates, Ecology, Predation (Biology), Marine ecosystem management
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Snapping shrimp protect host anemones from predators.
- Creator
- McCammon, Amber., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
-
The sea anemone Bartholomea annulata, is an ecologically important member of Caribbean coral reefs. This anemone serves as symbiotic host to crustacean associates, some of which may control parasite loads by "cleaning" reef fishes. Associates may gain protection from predation by dwelling with anemones. B. annulata was the most abundant anemone documented on three reefs, with 52% host to crustacean symbionts. Of those occupied by multi-species groups, 92% included Alpheus armatus shrimp. A....
Show moreThe sea anemone Bartholomea annulata, is an ecologically important member of Caribbean coral reefs. This anemone serves as symbiotic host to crustacean associates, some of which may control parasite loads by "cleaning" reef fishes. Associates may gain protection from predation by dwelling with anemones. B. annulata was the most abundant anemone documented on three reefs, with 52% host to crustacean symbionts. Of those occupied by multi-species groups, 92% included Alpheus armatus shrimp. A. armatus is an important anemone associate providing protection to the anemone from predators such as Hermodice carunculata, in laboratory and field trials. H. carunculata can completely devour or severely damage prey anemones. Here I show that anemones hosting symbiotic alpheid shrimp are extremely less likely to sustain damage by predators than solitary anemones. The role of protector may be reciprocally provided by anemone and decapod associates.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2010
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/1930494
- Subject Headings
- Predation (Biology), Animal behavior, Coral reef ecology, Sea anemones, Marine ecology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Therapeutic potential, mechanism of action, and ecology of novel marine natural products.
- Creator
- Winder, Priscilla L., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Abstract/Description
-
The projects described in this dissertation are focused on compounds derived from the marine environment. Chapter 1 gives an introduction to the study of marine natural products to treat human ailments and a thorough review on compounds from lithistid sponges that have been isolated or synthesized since 2000. Chapter 2 describes the isolation and structure elucidation of two sesquiterpene substituted benzoquinone derivatives, petrosiquinones A and B, from a deep-water marine sponge from the...
Show moreThe projects described in this dissertation are focused on compounds derived from the marine environment. Chapter 1 gives an introduction to the study of marine natural products to treat human ailments and a thorough review on compounds from lithistid sponges that have been isolated or synthesized since 2000. Chapter 2 describes the isolation and structure elucidation of two sesquiterpene substituted benzoquinone derivatives, petrosiquinones A and B, from a deep-water marine sponge from the Family Petrosiidae. Although initially purified following activity in a (Sb(B-catenin/Tcf4 assay they were later followed using tumor cell line cytotoxicity assays. Petrosiquinone A was the more active of the two compounds with moderate cytotoxicity in the DLD-1, PANC-1, and AsPC-1 cell lines. In Chapter 3, the isolation and structure elucidation of two new marine-derived macrolides, madeirolide A and B, isolated from a deep-water lithistid sponge of the genus Leiodermatium is described., They were isolated using numerous chromatographic techniques and the structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectra coupled with high resolution-mass spectrometry (HR-MS) data. Madeirolide A and B inhibited the growth of the fungal pathogen Candida albicans with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 12.5 and 25 (So(Bg/mL, respectively, but were not cytotoxic in tumor cell assays under the conditions tested. Chapter 4 describes work performed to determine the molecular target of lasonolide A using affinity chromatography. The target of lasonolide A is of interest since lasonolide A is known to kill cancer cells in vitro through a unique mechanism., This chapter highlights the research performed to create an affinity matrix with immobilized lasonolide. A target has not been confirmed but there are a number of interesting hits that are being pursued. In Chapter 5, a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) screening method was established in order to rapidly identify the metabolites from numerous collections of Lyngbya spp. obtained from Broward and Lee County, Florida sites that may help marine ecologists assess the effects of Lyngbya spp. blooms on the environment. A link between the metabolites produced and nutrients from both the algal tissue and water column was also explored.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2009
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/369392
- Subject Headings
- Natural products, Therapeutic use, Sponges, Ecology, Marine resources, Research, Marine biotechnology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- An extraction optimization and determination of the absolute configuartion of clathric acid.
- Creator
- Rueda de Leon, Rolando, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Abstract/Description
-
Current research in natural products has heavily focused on the identification of potent biologically active compounds, specifically for drug development. The project detailed in this thesis focuses on the extraction of compounds from marine invertebrates as well as defining the absolute configuration for a compound. Utilizing marine invertebrates, the sonications method developed in this thesis provides an alternative approach to rapidly extract compounds for primary screening. This method...
Show moreCurrent research in natural products has heavily focused on the identification of potent biologically active compounds, specifically for drug development. The project detailed in this thesis focuses on the extraction of compounds from marine invertebrates as well as defining the absolute configuration for a compound. Utilizing marine invertebrates, the sonications method developed in this thesis provides an alternative approach to rapidly extract compounds for primary screening. This method is viable compared to a traditional overnight extraction method, without suffering compound degredation... Previously, clathric acid was isolated from an unknown Clathria sp. This compound is a bibyblic C-21 terpenoid shown to have mild antimicrobial activity against gram positive bacteria. With only its relative configuration established, additional amounts of clathric acid were required to define the overall absolute configuration. Identifying the Clathria sp. to be Clathria compressa, through spicule analysis, additional sponge tissues were then collected off the coast of Boca Raton, Florida to isolate additional quatities of clathric acid. The absolulte configuration was determined through circular dichroism and the octant rule to establish a final configuration for clathric acid's four carbon stereocenters to be: (3S, 7S, 8R, and 12S).
Show less - Date Issued
- 2012
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3355874
- Subject Headings
- Organic compounds, Analysis, Extraction (Chemistry), Natural products, Therapeutic use, Marine biotechology, Marine resources, Research, Sponges, Ecology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Isolation of briareolate esters from Briareum asbestinum.
- Creator
- Meginley, Rian J., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Abstract/Description
-
The gorgonian Briareum asbestinum is widely studied because it possesses highly oxygenated novel structures, many of which exhibit useful biological activities. Recently, two new briarane diterpenoids, briareolate esters J and K, together with two known briareolate esters have been isolated from a specimen of Briareum asbestinum collected off the coast of Boca Raton, Florida. The method used was a 96-well plate real-time cell electronic sensing (RT-CES) system to discover compounds that...
Show moreThe gorgonian Briareum asbestinum is widely studied because it possesses highly oxygenated novel structures, many of which exhibit useful biological activities. Recently, two new briarane diterpenoids, briareolate esters J and K, together with two known briareolate esters have been isolated from a specimen of Briareum asbestinum collected off the coast of Boca Raton, Florida. The method used was a 96-well plate real-time cell electronic sensing (RT-CES) system to discover compounds that impact human embryonic stem cell growth. The compounds were isolated using reversed phase polystyrene divinylbenzene chromatographic support HP20ss followed by normal phased HPLC using a luna silica column. The structures of the compounds were established though the interpretation of spectroscopic data. Activity testing was conducted against hESCs (BG02) with briareolate ester J showing no inhibition activity and briareolate ester K showing mild activity with an EC50 value of 25 (So(BM. These results confirm that the exact confirmation and existence of the (E,Z)-dienone is related to the activity that was observed with the previously isolated briareolate esters L and M.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3360959
- Subject Headings
- Coral reef ecology, Marine organisms, Environmental aspects, Marine natural products, Bioactive compounds
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Mathematical modeling of plankton patchiness.
- Creator
- Ather, Simantha S., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
-
In natural systems, it has been observed that plankton exist in patches rather than in an even distribution across a body of water. However, the mechanisms behind this patchiness are not fully understood. Several previous modeling studies have examined the effects of abiotic and biotic factors on patch structure. Yet these models ignore a key point: zooplankton often undergo diel vertical migration. I have formulated a model that incorporates vertical movement into the Rosezweig-MacArthur (R...
Show moreIn natural systems, it has been observed that plankton exist in patches rather than in an even distribution across a body of water. However, the mechanisms behind this patchiness are not fully understood. Several previous modeling studies have examined the effects of abiotic and biotic factors on patch structure. Yet these models ignore a key point: zooplankton often undergo diel vertical migration. I have formulated a model that incorporates vertical movement into the Rosezweig-MacArthur (R-M) predator-prey model. The R-M model is stable only at a carrying capacity below a critical value. I found that adding vertical movement stabilizes the system even at a high carrying capacity. By analyzing temporal stability and spatial structure, my results show that vertical movement interacts with carrying capacity to determine patch structure.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2009
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/368615
- Subject Headings
- Marine plankton, Vertical distribution, Marine ecology, Mathematical models, Macroecology, Mathematical models
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Isolation and biosynthesis of terpenes in Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae and Leptogorgia minimata.
- Creator
- von Saalfeld, Silke., Florida Atlantic University, Kerr, Russell G.
- Abstract/Description
-
The marine environment has proven to be an extremely rich source of novel natural products with activities in a variety of biological assays. The field of marine natural products chemistry has enjoyed an explosion of growth over the past 40 years and currently there are marine-derived metabolites in clinical trials for cancer, analgesia, allergy and cognitive diseases. Even with this tremendous development, it is clear that chemists and pharmacologists are only beginning to scratch the...
Show moreThe marine environment has proven to be an extremely rich source of novel natural products with activities in a variety of biological assays. The field of marine natural products chemistry has enjoyed an explosion of growth over the past 40 years and currently there are marine-derived metabolites in clinical trials for cancer, analgesia, allergy and cognitive diseases. Even with this tremendous development, it is clear that chemists and pharmacologists are only beginning to scratch the surface of the biomedical potential of marine organisms. One problem with this source of new pharmaceuticals is that the supply of such compounds can be problematic. The thesis describes projects directed at fundamental biosynthetic questions regarding terpenes from marine corals. In a general sense, these projects are directed as addressing the supply issue identified above. One project examined the origin of terpene building blocks in the coral Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. A second project focused on the characterization of terpenes from Leptogorgia minimata. Here, a new cembranoid diterpene was isolated. Experiments were also conducted to identify a microbial source of terpene biosynthesis in this system. Data strongly supported a bacterial origin of these compounds.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2006
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13325
- Subject Headings
- Natural products--Synthesis, Marine pharmacology, Aquaculture, Terpenes, Marine chemical ecology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The Ascidian Styela plicata As a Potential Bioremediator of the Brown Tide Pelagophytes Aureoumbra lagunensis and Aureococcus anophagefferens.
- Creator
- Klarmann, Phyllis A., Hartmann, James X., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
-
A brown tide bloom of the pelagophyte Aureoumbra lagunensis caused significant impacts to north Indian River Lagoon (IRL) in 2012-2013, including seagrass die-offs, fish kills, and reduced growth and grazing of ecologically important bivalves. There is potential for another pelagophyte, Aureococcus anophagefferens, to expand into this system. Filtration rates (FR) of the pleated tunicate Styela plicata exposed to Aureoumbra lagunensis and Aureococcus anophagefferens were measured against...
Show moreA brown tide bloom of the pelagophyte Aureoumbra lagunensis caused significant impacts to north Indian River Lagoon (IRL) in 2012-2013, including seagrass die-offs, fish kills, and reduced growth and grazing of ecologically important bivalves. There is potential for another pelagophyte, Aureococcus anophagefferens, to expand into this system. Filtration rates (FR) of the pleated tunicate Styela plicata exposed to Aureoumbra lagunensis and Aureococcus anophagefferens were measured against exposure to a control alga (Tisochrysis lutea) in order to determine its potential use as a bioremediator against these harmful algal blooms (HABs). In addition, whether S. plicata might serve as a vector of HABs was studied by culturing fecal deposits. Short-term exposure to HABs significantly reduced FR, whereas long-term exposure indicates comparable cell removal compared to the control. Vector potential of S. plicata was inconclusive. Results warrant further research to determine whether S. plicata can acclimate or respond to HAB conditions over time.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004513
- Subject Headings
- Algal blooms -- Florida -- Indian River Lagoon, Cyanobacterial blooms -- Toxicology, Estuarine ecology, Indian River Lagoon (Fla.) -- Environmental aspects, Marine bioremediation, Marine ecology, Marine pollution, Water quality biological assessment
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Monitoring seasonal and annual changes in the mesozooplankton community of the Indian River Lagoon, Florida.
- Creator
- Kerr, Miranda Hoover., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
-
In estuaries, like the Indian River Lagoon, mesozooplankton have a vital role in the food web by connecting trophic levels. In this study, mesozooplankton abundance and species composition were monitored weekly on the incoming and outgoing tides from September 2006 to May 2009. For the incoming tide, the mean abundance was 2298.2 mesozooplankton/m3 (+/-325.2), and for the outgoing tide the mean abundance was 1180.0 mesozooplankton/m3 (+/-153.1). The mesozooplankton abundance on the incoming...
Show moreIn estuaries, like the Indian River Lagoon, mesozooplankton have a vital role in the food web by connecting trophic levels. In this study, mesozooplankton abundance and species composition were monitored weekly on the incoming and outgoing tides from September 2006 to May 2009. For the incoming tide, the mean abundance was 2298.2 mesozooplankton/m3 (+/-325.2), and for the outgoing tide the mean abundance was 1180.0 mesozooplankton/m3 (+/-153.1). The mesozooplankton abundance on the incoming tide was significantly greater than on the outgoing tide. The most abundant type of mesozooplankton was the copepod Acartia tonsa, representing 35.0% and 52.1% of the individuals on the incoming and outgoing tides respectively. Mesozooplankton abundance values were compared with environmental data obtained from the South Florida Water Management District. The strongest positive correlation was found between chlorophyll a concentrations and A. tonsa abundance, likely due to phytoplankton being the primary food source for A. tonsa.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2009
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/2783241
- Subject Headings
- Marine zooplankton, Ecology, Marine ecology, Marine ecosystem management
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The effect of water conditions on larval development of Nematostella vectensis.
- Creator
- Guidry, Alix Marie, Florida Atlantic University, Baldwin, John D.
- Abstract/Description
-
This project tested the effects of water conditions on developmental rates of larvae of the estuarine sea anemone Nematostella vectensis . Egg masses were collected immediately following fertilization and placed in solutions with different salinities and maintained in a temperature-controlled water bath. Every twelve hours, embryonic development was checked for progression through different morphological stages of development. Comparison of regression analyses of larval development at each...
Show moreThis project tested the effects of water conditions on developmental rates of larvae of the estuarine sea anemone Nematostella vectensis . Egg masses were collected immediately following fertilization and placed in solutions with different salinities and maintained in a temperature-controlled water bath. Every twelve hours, embryonic development was checked for progression through different morphological stages of development. Comparison of regression analyses of larval development at each temperature increment indicated that both temperature and salinity affected the rate of development; development was slower in lower conditions and faster at higher salinities and temperatures, with extreme conditions inducing deleterious effects. The suggested ideal conditions for these larvae are a salinity range of 12.5--20% and a temperature range of 22--24C. These parameters provide a foundation from which a standardized testing method may be established, using N. vectensis larval development.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2004
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13169
- Subject Headings
- Marine animals--Larvae--Effect of temperature on, Sea anemones--Larvae--Effect of temperature on, Marine ecology, Water temperature, Estuarine ecology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Nutrition and habitat driven foraging of wild dolphins in the Bahamas: a recipe for prey.
- Creator
- Malinowski, Christopher R., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
-
Two sympatric dolphin species, Stenella frontalis and Tursiops truncatus, resident to Little Bahama Bank, Bahamas were found to mostly forage independent of one another, but occasionally foraged in mixed groups. Analysis of over 20 years of data revealed the degree of overlap to be minimal with spatially distinct regions identified for both species, environmental segregation based on depth, bottom type, temperature, and time of day. Results based on observational data indicated significant...
Show moreTwo sympatric dolphin species, Stenella frontalis and Tursiops truncatus, resident to Little Bahama Bank, Bahamas were found to mostly forage independent of one another, but occasionally foraged in mixed groups. Analysis of over 20 years of data revealed the degree of overlap to be minimal with spatially distinct regions identified for both species, environmental segregation based on depth, bottom type, temperature, and time of day. Results based on observational data indicated significant differences in group size and selected prey. For S. frontalis, lactating females had the most distinct diet, which differed from that of non-reproductively active (NRA) females. Pregnant females had ambiguous prey use results, but diet differences were revealed through nutritional analysis. Lactating females had a higher intake of all nutrients (% moisture, % lipid, % protein, and calories) than pregnant females but lower than NRA females. Mother and calf pairs selected prey for caloric and moisture values. The influence of calves on foraging groups was reflected through discrete differences in all nutrients. Males and females appeared to select the same major prey, but female prey use was much more diverse.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2011
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3318668
- Subject Headings
- Dolphins, Habitat, Predatory marine animals, Ecology, Marine ecosystem management, Predation (Biology), Aquatic mammals, Behavior
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Solitary ascidians as predators of invertebrate larvae: evidence from gut analyses and plankton samples.
- Creator
- Bingham, Brian L., Walters, L. J., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
- Date Issued
- 1989
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3353840
- Subject Headings
- Sea squirts, Ascidians, Invertebrates--Larvae, Predation (Biology), Marine invertebrates--Ecology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Simultaneous top-down and bottom-up forces control macroalgal blooms on coral reefs (Reply to the comment by Hughes et al.).
- Creator
- Lapointe, Brian E.
- Date Issued
- 1999
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3172685
- Subject Headings
- Coral reef ecology, Algal blooms, Marine algae --Effect of grazing on, Eutrophication, Herbivores
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Baseline studies of herbivory and eutrophication on dominant reef communities of Looe Key National Marine Sanctuary.
- Creator
- Littler, Mark M., Littler, Diane S., Lapointe, Brian E.
- Date Issued
- 1986
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3352199
- Subject Headings
- Looe Key National Marine Sanctuary (Fla.), Algal communities, Eutrophication, Reef ecology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Larval predation by epifauna on temperate reefs: scale, power and the scarcity of measurable effects.
- Creator
- Young, Craig M., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
- Date Issued
- 1990
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3343815
- Subject Headings
- Benthic animals, Suspension feeders, Larvae--Ecology, Predatory marine animals, Reefs
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Sewage pollution in Negril, Jamaica: effects on nutrition and ecology of coral reef macroalgae.
- Creator
- Lapointe, Brian E., Thacker, K., Hanson, C., Getten, L.
- Date Issued
- 2011
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3318909
- Subject Headings
- Coral reef ecology --Jamaica, Sewage, Nutrient pollution of water, Marine eutrophication, Microalgae
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Distributional consequences of adhesive eggs and anural development in the ascidian Molgula pacifica (Huntsman, 1912).
- Creator
- Young, Craig M., Gowan, Richard F., Dalby, James E., Jr., Pennachetti, Catherine A., Gagliardi, David, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
- Date Issued
- 1988
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3171588
- Subject Headings
- Sea squirts --Eggs, Sea squirts --Development, Sea squirts --Canada, Marine ecology, Larvae
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- A method for the culture of tropical seagrasses.
- Creator
- Short, F. T., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
- Date Issued
- 1985
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3353753
- Subject Headings
- Seagrasses, Seagrasses--Research, Aquaculture--methods, Marine ecology--Research
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Diversity of the Bacterial Communities Associated with the Azooxanthellate Deep Water Octocorals Leptogorgia minimata, Iciligorgia schrammi, and Swiftia exertia, Marine Biotechnology.
- Creator
- Brück, Thomas B., Brück, Wolfram M., Santiago-Vázquez, Lory Z., McCarthy, Peter J., Kerr, Russell G.
- Date Issued
- 2007
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/2796098
- Subject Headings
- Octocorallia, Microbial ecology, Microorganisms --United States --Identification, Marine microbiology, Pompano Beach (Fla.)
- Format
- Document (PDF)