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EEG SIGNALS REPRESENT UPDATED MEMORY REPRESENTATIONS IN VISUAL WORKING MEMORY
Title
EEG SIGNALS REPRESENT UPDATED MEMORY REPRESENTATIONS IN VISUAL WORKING MEMORY.
Creator
Shin, Young Seon, Sheremata, Summer L., Florida Atlantic University, Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description
Visual working memory (VWM) is a core cognitive system that supports our ability to maintain and manipulate visual information temporarily when sensory information is no longer present in the environment. VWM and mental rotation, a form of mental imagery, require the ability to generate internal images in the absence of stimuli. Both cognitive processes share visual buffer and are associated with representing and manipulating visual information, however, little is known about the intersection...
Show moreVisual working memory (VWM) is a core cognitive system that supports our ability to maintain and manipulate visual information temporarily when sensory information is no longer present in the environment. VWM and mental rotation, a form of mental imagery, require the ability to generate internal images in the absence of stimuli. Both cognitive processes share visual buffer and are associated with representing and manipulating visual information, however, little is known about the intersection between VWM and mental rotation. In the current work, mental rotation was adopted to study updated mnemonic contents in VWM. In this dissertation, I asked whether the brain mechanisms that support VWM and mental rotation overlap. Participants were asked to remember the orientation of grating or to remember and manipulate, that is mentally rotate, the orientation of grating. Behavioral results showed that mental rotation induced lower fidelity representations of orientation. This confirmed that additional usage in visual buffer to manipulate the visual representation provoked by mental rotation involved negative influence in memory fidelity. In the second study, EEG recording was conducted while participants performed the same task. Visual representations were reconstructed from brain oscillations using the inverted encoding model (IEM). It was found that orientation information from the reconstruction was represented in the amplitude of alpha oscillations (8 – 12 Hz) for both maintained and updated mnemonic contents. Together, this work provides evidence that memory manipulation driven by mental rotation has a decisive effect on the fidelity of visual representations in VWM. Additionally this dissertation demonstrates that the updated memory representations as well as the maintained memory representations are carried in EEG oscillations.
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Date Issued
2022
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013890
Subject Headings
Short-term memory, Visual Perception, Electroencephalography, Mental rotation
Format
Document (PDF)
Behavioral and Physiological Manifestations of Jealousy During the First Year of Life: Implications for Cortisol Reactivity, EEG Asymmetry, and Mother-Infant Attachment
Title
Behavioral and Physiological Manifestations of Jealousy During the First Year of Life: Implications for Cortisol Reactivity, EEG Asymmetry, and Mother-Infant Attachment.
Creator
Bernardo, Angela, Jones, Nancy Aaron, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description
Infants have an innate desire to form social bonds and jealousy protests are observed when an infant is trying to regain attention lost by a caregiver to a social competitor. The current study examined jealousy responses during the first year of life, between 6- to 9-months of age and 12- to 18-months of age, in response to loss of exclusive maternal attention, in addition to exploring implications for mother-infant attachment, EEG asymmetry, and cortisol reactivity and regulation. At both...
Show moreInfants have an innate desire to form social bonds and jealousy protests are observed when an infant is trying to regain attention lost by a caregiver to a social competitor. The current study examined jealousy responses during the first year of life, between 6- to 9-months of age and 12- to 18-months of age, in response to loss of exclusive maternal attention, in addition to exploring implications for mother-infant attachment, EEG asymmetry, and cortisol reactivity and regulation. At both age groups, infants demonstrated increased approach behaviors when infants are faced with a social rival, in addition, left-frontal EEG asymmetry was associated with maternal-directed approach behaviors during the social rival condition. In the 6- to 9-month sample, left-frontal EEG asymmetry also demonstrated an association with infants regulatory abilities, measured by salivary cortisol. This study provides further evidence for the emerging links between social and emotional responses in infancy due to loss of exclusive maternal attention.
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Date Issued
2020
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013518
Subject Headings
Mother and infant, Jealousy, Cortisol, Electroencephalography, Infants--Behavior, Infants--Physiology
Format
Document (PDF)
Electroencephalography in children with autism
Title
Electroencephalography in children with autism.
Creator
Lucas, Nikola N., Jones, Nancy Aaron, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description
Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by deficits involving social interaction, communication, and perception. Although there is much research that has examined functional neural connectivity in individuals with autism, few have conducted these studies in very young children while awake across EEG power and coherence measures. Anomalies in EEG coherence and power have been associated with deficits in executive function and mental activity. The present study examined...
Show moreAutism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by deficits involving social interaction, communication, and perception. Although there is much research that has examined functional neural connectivity in individuals with autism, few have conducted these studies in very young children while awake across EEG power and coherence measures. Anomalies in EEG coherence and power have been associated with deficits in executive function and mental activity. The present study examined neural activation and functional connectivity with an EEG, in children ages 3 -5, during an eyesclosed baseline period. Discrete Fourier Transform was performed on artifact-free segments of EEG data to produce power density values. In addition, coherence measurements were examined to assess functional connectivity in the alpha bandwidth during the baseline recording. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) demonstrated reduced alpha coherence in fronto-temporal regions and between right temporal sites when compared to typically developing (TD) children. In addition, the reduction in coherence was based on ASD severity, such that high-functioning children with ASD showed greater coherence than low-functioning children with ASD. Children with ASD also displayed reduced power in the alpha, beta, and theta frequency bandwidths in frontal, temporal, central, and occipital regions compared to TD children. Interestingly, delta power differentiated children based on developmental status such that high-functioning children with ASD demonstrated the greatest delta power, followed by TD children, and then low-functioning children with ASD. Finally, TD children demonstrated left anterior temporal EEG asymmetry in the alpha bandwidth, whereas children with high-functioning ASD exhibited left posterior temporal EEG asymmetry and right frontal EEG asymmetry. Thus, the results suggest that children with ASD exhibit atypical patterns of brain activity and functional connectivity compared to their typically developing counterparts.
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Date Issued
2013
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA0004034
Subject Headings
Autism in children -- Research, Autism spectrum disorders, Cognition disorders in children, Cognitive neuroscience, Electroencephalography -- Therapeutic use
Format
Document (PDF)
Neural Correlates of Auditory Perception, Attention and Expectation
Title
Neural Correlates of Auditory Perception, Attention and Expectation.
Creator
Zanto, Theodore P., Florida Atlantic University, Large, Edward W., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences
Abstract/Description
This dissertation examined the neural correlates of auditory perception, attention and expectation in three experiments. Experiment 1 analyzed neural correlates of auditory perception and expectation in an electroencephalography (EEG) experiment using a temporally perturbed metronome to establish an expectation for auditory events, then violate and reestablish that expectation. High frequency evoked (phase-locked) gamma band activity (GBA) was observed to follow the onset of tones whereas...
Show moreThis dissertation examined the neural correlates of auditory perception, attention and expectation in three experiments. Experiment 1 analyzed neural correlates of auditory perception and expectation in an electroencephalography (EEG) experiment using a temporally perturbed metronome to establish an expectation for auditory events, then violate and reestablish that expectation. High frequency evoked (phase-locked) gamma band activity (GBA) was observed to follow the onset of tones whereas induced (nonphase- locked) GBA reached maximum power simultaneously with the occurrence oftone onset. Moreover, the latency of induced GBA was perturbed after an expectancy violation and relaxed back into synchrony as the expectation was reestablished. Experiment 2 was a methodological study to compare two functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRJ) scanning techniques and assess their influence on auditory processing. Subjects passively listened to isochronous tone sequences at three rates while sparse or continuous scanning was employed. Sparse and continuous scanning was observed to yield comparable fMRI data, however, continuous scanner notse was observed to perturb known EEG evoked response potentials. Moreover, high frequency evoked activity, as identified by spectral analysis, was attenuated in the presence of continuous fMRl noise. Experiment 3 was conducted to study auditory expectancy and attention. First, subjects were tested behaviorally to determine their ability to tap the beat of ten highly syncopated patterns. Subjects were asked to return for one EEG and one fMRl session. In these sessions, they were instructed to attend to a syncopated pattern, mentally rehearse the pattern, and then reproduce the pattern. During the control condition, subjects heard the auditory patterns, however, they were instructed to study a list of words, remember the words during the retention interval, and then recall as many words as possible. Brain activity was localized to frontal and auditory regions when attending to the patterns and occipital-auditory areas when attending to the words. Evoked activity was shown to reflect the subject's anticipation of the beat and was attenuated when ignoring the auditory stimulus. Taken together, these results suggest that GBA indexes auditory perception, attention and expectation. The current results suggest that attention and task engagement may elicit stronger neural phase locking.
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Date Issued
2006
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000885
Subject Headings
Electrophysiology, Auditory evoked response, Electroencephalography, Auditory perception, Intersensory effects, Auditory pathways
Format
Document (PDF)
Maternal influence on early infant emotional regulation: A study of 3-month infant behavior, cortisol and frontal EEG
Title
Maternal influence on early infant emotional regulation: A study of 3-month infant behavior, cortisol and frontal EEG.
Creator
Sloan, Aliza T., Jones, Nancy Aaron, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description
Prenatal maternal stress and mood, and early postnatal mother-infant interactions set the stage for the child’s psychobiological, neurological and social development. While a large body of research connecting maternal depression to infant EEG asymmetry exists, the current study sought to add to the sparse literature on maternal anxiety and infant EEG. Mother-infant dyads were assessed prenatally during the third trimester, soon after birth, at 6 weeks and 3 months postnatal. Association...
Show morePrenatal maternal stress and mood, and early postnatal mother-infant interactions set the stage for the child’s psychobiological, neurological and social development. While a large body of research connecting maternal depression to infant EEG asymmetry exists, the current study sought to add to the sparse literature on maternal anxiety and infant EEG. Mother-infant dyads were assessed prenatally during the third trimester, soon after birth, at 6 weeks and 3 months postnatal. Association between maternal depression and later development of right mid-frontal alpha asymmetry was confirmed, while trends suggested maternal anxiety may be associated with lateral frontal alpha asymmetry. Greater maternal sensitivity and anxiety were each associated with lower post-stressor cortisol in infants with right frontal asymmetry. Greater time spent in mutual gaze was associated with positive infant affect. Finally, quality mother-infant dynamics encourage positive infant affect and healthy physiological stress regulation even when brain patterns associated with dysregulation have been established.
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Date Issued
2017
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005929
Subject Headings
Dissertations, Academic -- Florida Atlantic University, Mother and infant., Infant Behavior., Cortisol., Emotion., Frontal Lobe--physiology., Electroencephalography--Psychological aspects.
Format
Document (PDF)

Pages