Current Search: Child psychology (x)
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- Title
- Children's temperament: Does it predict how children cope during conflicts with parents?.
- Creator
- Zellers, Gordon Bryant, III, Florida Atlantic University, Perry, David G.
- Abstract/Description
-
The purpose of this study was to explore relations between children's temperament and their coping styles during mother-child conflict. The children in this study (47 boys and 59 girls in the fourth through seventh grades) were measured using maternal reports of nine discrete temperament dimensions. These nine dimensions were reduced to three factors labeled Agreeableness, Rhythmicity, and Restraint. The children also reported on seven dimensions of coping during conflict with their mothers....
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to explore relations between children's temperament and their coping styles during mother-child conflict. The children in this study (47 boys and 59 girls in the fourth through seventh grades) were measured using maternal reports of nine discrete temperament dimensions. These nine dimensions were reduced to three factors labeled Agreeableness, Rhythmicity, and Restraint. The children also reported on seven dimensions of coping during conflict with their mothers. Factor analysis indicated that these seven dimensions also could be reduced to two factors, labeled Defiant Coping and Helpless Coping. Partial correlations (with the effect of age removed) showed a significant negative relation between Agreeable temperament (e.g., approachable, high mood quality) and Helpless Coping (e.g., fearful, compulsive compliance).
Show less - Date Issued
- 1997
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15525
- Subject Headings
- Temperament in children, Mother and child, Conflict (Psychology) in children, Adjustment (Psychology) in children
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Play, problem-solving and tool use: Individual differences in preschool children.
- Creator
- Gredlein, Jeffrey Michael, Florida Atlantic University, Bjorklund, David F.
- Abstract/Description
-
While recent research has promoted play as an integral component of a child's cognitive functioning, tool-use has been relatively ignored in this discussion. It may be the case that these two abilities, especially constructive play and problem solving through the use of tools, emerging early in a child's life, have some connection in the formation of higher cognitive processing. From an evolutionary developmental perspective, three-year old children were observed in two free-play sessions and...
Show moreWhile recent research has promoted play as an integral component of a child's cognitive functioning, tool-use has been relatively ignored in this discussion. It may be the case that these two abilities, especially constructive play and problem solving through the use of tools, emerging early in a child's life, have some connection in the formation of higher cognitive processing. From an evolutionary developmental perspective, three-year old children were observed in two free-play sessions and participated in a toy-retrieval task. Results indicate boys engaged in more constructive play than girls and were more likely to use tools to solve a problem. Also, the findings suggest that the gender difference observed reflects a bias in motivation to interact with objects, with the amount of time spent in constructive play predicting performance on the tool-use task, suggesting that much of the variance in the gender difference in tool use can be attributed to experience in constructive play. This is consistent with the evolutionary theoretical idea that boys' and girls' play styles evolved to prepare them for adult life in traditional environments.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2001
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FADT12740
- Subject Headings
- Problem solving in children, Sex differences (Psychology) in children, Play assessment (Child psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Three new measures of gender identity: Implications for children's psychosocial development.
- Creator
- Egan, Susan K., Florida Atlantic University, Perry, David G.
- Abstract/Description
-
The present dissertation introduces three new measures of gender identity and examines their relations to psychosocial adjustment (i.e., self-concept and peer acceptance) in preadolescence. The sample consisted of 182 4th- through 8th-grade children. The three measures assessed (a) feelings of overall similarity to and compatibility with one's gender (goodness-of-fit), (b) feelings of pressure to conform to sex-role stereotypes (felt pressure), and (c) belief that one's sex is superior to the...
Show moreThe present dissertation introduces three new measures of gender identity and examines their relations to psychosocial adjustment (i.e., self-concept and peer acceptance) in preadolescence. The sample consisted of 182 4th- through 8th-grade children. The three measures assessed (a) feelings of overall similarity to and compatibility with one's gender (goodness-of-fit), (b) feelings of pressure to conform to sex-role stereotypes (felt pressure), and (c) belief that one's sex is superior to the other sex (intergroup bias). Both concurrent and short-term longitudinal analyses indicated that goodness-of-fit was beneficial to psychosocial adjustment, whereas both felt pressure and intergroup bias undermined psychosocial adjustment. Furthermore, goodness-of-fit mediated many of the relations of domain-specific sex-typing measures (e.g., traits) to adjustment. The present dissertation helps identify some of the inherent limitations in previous work on gender identity, provides new insight into the relation of children's gender identity and psychosocial development, and raises suggestions for future inquiry.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1999
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12616
- Subject Headings
- Gender identity, Identity (Psychology) in children, Sex differences (Psychology) in children, Child development
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Parent-child relationships across early adolescence: Changes and adjustment.
- Creator
- Adams, Ryan E., Florida Atlantic University, Laursen, Brett
- Abstract/Description
-
The current study examined changes in mother-child and father-child relationships of 210 participants in a 3-year longitudinal study during the 6th through the 8th grade. In each relationship, latent growth curve models found that negativity had a gradual increase over the course of early adolescence, while the change in positivity during this period depended on the initial levels of positivity during the 6th grade. For those high in positivity during the 6th grade, positivity remained stable...
Show moreThe current study examined changes in mother-child and father-child relationships of 210 participants in a 3-year longitudinal study during the 6th through the 8th grade. In each relationship, latent growth curve models found that negativity had a gradual increase over the course of early adolescence, while the change in positivity during this period depended on the initial levels of positivity during the 6th grade. For those high in positivity during the 6th grade, positivity remained stable from 6th to 8th grade, while for those low in positivity during the 6th grade, positivity decreased substantially during this period. In addition, an examination of the links between the relationship features and adjustment measures, such as internalizing and externalizing problems, found that models with initial rates of the relationships predicting changes in adjustment were ideal in comparison to models with both initial rates of and changes in relationships linked to changes in adjustment.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2005
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12124
- Subject Headings
- Parent and child, Adjustment (Psychology) in adolescence, Interpersonal relations in adolescence, Social interaction, Teenagers and adults, Child rearing
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The Lived Experience of Breastfeeding for Women With Perinatal Depression.
- Creator
- Pratt, Beth A., Longo, Joy, Florida Atlantic University, Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing
- Abstract/Description
-
Exclusive breastfeeding for at least 6 months provides numerous infant and maternal benefits. Yet mothers with risk factors, such as lower education, lower socioeconomic status, younger maternal age, planned cesarean birth, and anxiety and depression, are more likely to stop breastfeeding in the early postpartum period. Few studies have focused on perinatal depression as a risk factor for breastfeeding cessation. To tailor effective interventions, nurses must first understand the lived...
Show moreExclusive breastfeeding for at least 6 months provides numerous infant and maternal benefits. Yet mothers with risk factors, such as lower education, lower socioeconomic status, younger maternal age, planned cesarean birth, and anxiety and depression, are more likely to stop breastfeeding in the early postpartum period. Few studies have focused on perinatal depression as a risk factor for breastfeeding cessation. To tailor effective interventions, nurses must first understand the lived experience of breastfeeding for mothers at risk for perinatal depression. A descriptive phenomenological study was conducted to elucidate the experience of breastfeeding for mothers with perinatal depression. The study was grounded in Swanson’s middle-range theory of caring. After university Institutional Review Board approval, a purposive sample of 10 women was recruited from various organizations. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and semistructured, audiorecorded face-to-face or telephonic interviews were conducted. The researcher transcribed the data which was transformed into constituents of the mothers’ lived experience by utilizing Giorgi’s descriptive phenomenological method. Five constituents emerged: choosing selflessness, harboring inadequacy, deliberate persevering, discerning meaning, and cherishing intimacy. The constituents embodied the essence of the mothers’ thoughts and feelings connected to breastfeeding. By daily choosing selflessness, mothers consciously decided to breastfeed despite physical or psychological struggles. They often were harboring inadequacy due to ongoing struggles which led to incessant thoughts of maternal incompetence. Yet they successfully breastfed for at least 2 weeks after birth by deliberate persevering. Through breastfeeding, they were discerning meaning to realize their value as mothers. Finally, they reveled in purposeful moments of togetherness with their babies through cherishing intimacy. The study findings inform recommendations for nursing education, practice, research, and policy. Nursing education must include basic breastfeeding and perinatal mental health knowledge in prelicensure curricula and up-to-date lactation management techniques and perinatal mental health awareness training in continuing education. Practicing maternal-child nurses must provide education and support to mothers about advantages and difficulties of breastfeeding throughout the perinatal period. Future research includes determination of support needs for women with perinatal depression with subsequent development and evaluation of therapeutic actions to promote breastfeeding success.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004906, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004906
- Subject Headings
- Breastfeeding--Psychological aspects., Motherhood--Psychological aspects., Childbirth--Psychological aspects., Mother and child., Stress (Psychology), Pregnant women--Mental health., Postpartum depression., Postpartum psychiatric disorders.
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Emotional and physiological regulation during parent-child interaction in preschoolers.
- Creator
- Marsh, Kathryn L., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
The purpose of the current study is to examine physiological and behavioral components of emotional regulation and the development of empathy in preschoolers. It also examines how the parents play a role in their child's development of emotional competence. Behavioral and physiological responses were assessed for the children during stories chosen for emotional content (one happy and one sad story for each parent). Maternal and paternal ratings of self-expressivity were collected using the...
Show moreThe purpose of the current study is to examine physiological and behavioral components of emotional regulation and the development of empathy in preschoolers. It also examines how the parents play a role in their child's development of emotional competence. Behavioral and physiological responses were assessed for the children during stories chosen for emotional content (one happy and one sad story for each parent). Maternal and paternal ratings of self-expressivity were collected using the Self- Expressiveness in Family Questionnaire (Halberstadt et al., 1995). Greater vagal suppression occurred during the sad conditions suggesting that negative emotions require more processing strategies. Greater attentional scores were related to the child's RSA and higher resting RSA was associated with great motor restriction. The mothers had higher SEFQ scores than the fathers. Higher maternal positive expressivity, lower maternal total expressivity, and lower paternal positive expressivity scores were related to the children's displays of empathy.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3362553
- Subject Headings
- Parent and child, Adjustment (Psychology) in children, Social interaction in children, Developmental psychology, Moral education (Early childhood)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The serious fun factory: making work play.
- Creator
- Piskel, Annette M., Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of Visual Arts and Art History
- Abstract/Description
-
This design thesis project explores the psychology, significance, and power of play. The value of play is supported through historical and cultural context. Research for the subject unfolds the relationship between play, productivity and the mastery of creative thinking. Examination of the engagement of play addresses its power to inspire in both design education and practice. It also touches upon crucial dynamics of physical, intellectual, social, and emotional development in the human life...
Show moreThis design thesis project explores the psychology, significance, and power of play. The value of play is supported through historical and cultural context. Research for the subject unfolds the relationship between play, productivity and the mastery of creative thinking. Examination of the engagement of play addresses its power to inspire in both design education and practice. It also touches upon crucial dynamics of physical, intellectual, social, and emotional development in the human life cycle of learning. As the facilitator of play in the context of three-dimensional space, I seek to elucidate the value of activating human behaviors that stimulate play such as curiosity, imagination, spontaneity, and personal expression. Serious fun is no game; play provides a meaningful strategy for solving serious design problems and developing mastery in the classroom and the practice of design.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3362573
- Subject Headings
- Play, Psychological aspects, Play, Social aspects, Child development, Creative ability, Psychological aspects, Mind and body, Conduct of life
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Attachment in preadolescence: consequence or cause of children's perceptions of parenting ?.
- Creator
- Menon, Meenakshi, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
This one-year longitudinal study was designed to illuminate the direction of the causal arrow between children's perceptions of their mother's behavior and children's attachment style during a period of development that has been relatively neglected in research on attachment - preadolescence. The possibility that children's behavior problems moderate the influence of perceived parenting on attachment, or of attachment on perceived parenting, was also investigated. Participants were an...
Show moreThis one-year longitudinal study was designed to illuminate the direction of the causal arrow between children's perceptions of their mother's behavior and children's attachment style during a period of development that has been relatively neglected in research on attachment - preadolescence. The possibility that children's behavior problems moderate the influence of perceived parenting on attachment, or of attachment on perceived parenting, was also investigated. Participants were an ethnically diverse sample of 407 children (213 girls, 194 boys) who were in the fourth grade at initial testing (M age = 11 years 1 month). Measures included children's perceptions of five maternal behaviors (harassment, overprotectiveness, monitoring, affectionate contact, and reliable support), peer reports of children's behavior problems (internalizing and externalizing), and children's self-perceived attachment styles (preoccupied and avoidant). Contrary to a traditional attachment perspective, there was limited evidence that perceptions of parenting led to change in children's attachment styles. Though children with internalizing problems who perceived their mother as harassing developed preoccupied attachment over time, and children with externalizing problems who perceived their mother as v overprotective developed avoidant attachment over time. However, there was considerable support for the reverse causal hypothesis that children's attachment style influences how they perceive their mother: Preoccupied attachment predicted increasingly favorable perceptions of maternal behavior over time (reduced harassment and increased monitoring), whereas avoidant attachment predicted increasingly unfavorable perceptions of the mother over time (increased harassment, reduced monitoring, reduced affectionate contact, and reduced reliable support). Children's behavior problems moderated a few of these relations., Overall, results support a "child effects" interpretation of the links between perceived parenting and attachment styles during preadolescence.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2008
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/58007
- Subject Headings
- Parent and teenager, Attachment behavior in adolescence, Child rearing, Parenting, Psychological aspects
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The relationship between parental lifestyles, attachment style and the mediating effect of family environment on the characteristics of their adult chldren in substance abuse treatment.
- Creator
- McIlveen, John W., College of Education, Department of Counselor Education
- Abstract/Description
-
The role of attachment style in overall family functioning and in individual substance abuse patterns has been researched extensively. Lifestyle constructs have been seen as predictors of substance abuse related behaviors, including future drug related difficulties. Dysfunctional family environments have been seen as predictors of poor mental health outcomes in family members. Despite the high rates of co-morbidity in alcohol and drug dependent individuals, parental lifestyle, attachment...
Show moreThe role of attachment style in overall family functioning and in individual substance abuse patterns has been researched extensively. Lifestyle constructs have been seen as predictors of substance abuse related behaviors, including future drug related difficulties. Dysfunctional family environments have been seen as predictors of poor mental health outcomes in family members. Despite the high rates of co-morbidity in alcohol and drug dependent individuals, parental lifestyle, attachment style, and the overall influence of family environment on the psychological traits of substance dependent individuals had not been previously examined. This study examined a group of parents and their adult children (actively in substance abuse treatment, with diagnoses of substance dependence) who participated in a weeklong family education program at an inpatient treatment center. Direct effects were found between attachment style, lifestyle and patient traits, as well as several significant total effects (combined direct effect and the effect of overall family environment). Specific indirect effects were also found from individual family environment mediators, including moral religious emphasis and control, on the relationship between independent and dependent variables. An analysis of the results is given, along with a discussion of clinical implications and directions for future research.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3360963
- Subject Headings
- Parent and child, Substance abuse, Treatment, Family psychotherapy, Addicts, Rehabilitation, Chemical health psychology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Psychophysiological measures of aggression and victimization in early adolescence.
- Creator
- Aults, Christopher D., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
Many cardiovascular psychophysiological studies have found evidence of lower arousal states in aggressive individuals and hyper-arousal states in individuals exposed to chronic stress. However, most of these studies have relied on clinical diagnoses or self-reports to identify aggressive and victimized individuals. The present study used peer nominations to identify aggressive, victimized, and non-aggressive or victimized adolescents (mean age = 12.09 yrs.) to examine if any...
Show moreMany cardiovascular psychophysiological studies have found evidence of lower arousal states in aggressive individuals and hyper-arousal states in individuals exposed to chronic stress. However, most of these studies have relied on clinical diagnoses or self-reports to identify aggressive and victimized individuals. The present study used peer nominations to identify aggressive, victimized, and non-aggressive or victimized adolescents (mean age = 12.09 yrs.) to examine if any psychophysiological differences exist during resting and startle conditions. ANOVAs revealed that high aggressive/low victimized adolescents had a lower resting heart period/rate compared to high victimized/low aggressive adolescents. Further analyses revealed a statistical trend of lower resting heart period variability in high victimized/low aggressive individuals compared to non-aggressive non-victimized controls. Due to evidence suggesting that individuals with high self-reported empathy display less aggression, empathy as a moderator for aggression was investigated. Although gender differences w3ere found across measures, empathy ws not found to moderate aggression.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2012
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3358282
- Subject Headings
- Bullying in schools, Adolescent psychology, Conduct disorders in adolescence, Aggressiveness in adolescence, Child psychopathology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Attachment and adjustment in preadolescence.
- Creator
- Corby, Brooke C., Florida Atlantic University, Perry, David G.
- Abstract/Description
-
This concurrent correlational study examined the relations among perceived parenting, child coping/attachment style, and adjustment outcomes in middle childhood. Instruments measuring children's perceptions of their parents, their style of coping, and their adjustment were administered to 199 children in the third through eighth grades (mean age 11 years). This study tested newly developed self-report scales measuring aspects of disorganized attachment in middle childhood, identified...
Show moreThis concurrent correlational study examined the relations among perceived parenting, child coping/attachment style, and adjustment outcomes in middle childhood. Instruments measuring children's perceptions of their parents, their style of coping, and their adjustment were administered to 199 children in the third through eighth grades (mean age 11 years). This study tested newly developed self-report scales measuring aspects of disorganized attachment in middle childhood, identified perceived parenting correlates of five child coping styles, investigated how the five coping styles relate to adjustment outcomes, and explored the possibility of indecision interacting with other child coping styles to influence adjustment outcomes. The new measures of indecision, caregiving, and coercive coping styles proved to be reliable and related to perceived parenting and adjustment in meaningful ways. Perceptions of parents as being harassing and low in reliable support were linked with avoidant behaviors in children, whereas perceptions of parents as low in harassment and high in overprotectiveness were linked with preoccupied behaviors. Low reliable support and high levels of fear induction were associated with high levels of indecision, whereas high reliable support was correlated with caregiving behaviors and low reliable support was correlated with coercion. In regards to children's adjustment being affected by their coping style, evidence was found linking externalizing behaviors to coercive coping style and internalizing behaviors to caregiving coping style. When investigating interactions among coping styles predicting adjustment, indecision was found to interact with low levels of preoccupied coping in girls to predict externalizing behaviors, whereas indecision interacted with avoidant coping for both boys and girls to predict greater externalizing behaviors. Caregiving was found to weaken the link between indecision and externalizing and indecision was found to magnify the effects of coercion on externalizing behaviors. Finally, girls who were high in caregiving and low in indecision were found to exhibit increased internalizing behaviors.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2006
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12200
- Subject Headings
- Parent and teenager, Attachment behavior in adolescence, Adolescent psychology, Child development
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Concurrent and prospective associations between parent-adolescent conflict and adolescent adjustment: Person-oriented and variable-oriented analyses.
- Creator
- Burk, William Jay, Florida Atlantic University, Laursen, Brett
- Abstract/Description
-
This study examined early adolescent perceptions of daily disagreements and negative interactions in relationships with mothers and fathers and their association with adolescent reports of self-esteem, self- and mother reports of behavior problems, and school grades. An I-States as Objects Analysis (ISOA: Bergman, 1998) identified seven distinct conflict patterns in parent-adolescent relationships: amiable, squabbling, discordant, hostile, labile, tranquil, and avoidant. These groups...
Show moreThis study examined early adolescent perceptions of daily disagreements and negative interactions in relationships with mothers and fathers and their association with adolescent reports of self-esteem, self- and mother reports of behavior problems, and school grades. An I-States as Objects Analysis (ISOA: Bergman, 1998) identified seven distinct conflict patterns in parent-adolescent relationships: amiable, squabbling, discordant, hostile, labile, tranquil, and avoidant. These groups exhibited structural and interindividual stability, with groups characterized by constructive conflict processes demonstrating more stability than adolescents in groups characterized by non-constructive conflict processes. ISOA procedures failed to identify coherent adolescent adjustment groups. Person-oriented analyses indicated adolescents in the amiable, labile, and tranquil groups tended to have the best adjustment outcomes, followed by adolescents in the discordant and avoidant groups, with the worst adjustment outcomes reserved for adolescents in the squabbling and hostile groups. Variable-oriented analyses indicated that conflict rate and relationship negativity predicted concurrent and subsequent adolescent adjustment; behavior problems predicted concurrent and subsequent characteristics of parent-adolescent conflict. Person-oriented failed to reveal statistically significant associations involving change in parent-adolescent conflict and adolescent adjustment aver time. Variable-oriented analyses indicated adolescent adjustment predicted changes in parent-adolescent conflict variables more consistently than parent-adolescent conflict predicted changes in adolescent adjustment variables.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2005
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12168
- Subject Headings
- Teenagers and adults, Adjustment (Psychology) in adolescence, Parent and child, Interpersonal relations in adolescence
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Does perceived parenting affect children's attachment style in middle childhood?.
- Creator
- Corby, Brooke C., Florida Atlantic University, Perry, David G.
- Abstract/Description
-
This longitudinal study examined the likely direction of influence between perceived parenting and attachment style in middle childhood. In each of two successive years, measures of perceived parenting behaviors and of attachment style were administered to 164 children (mean age 10.2 in Year 1). Avoidant (but not preoccupied) attachment predicted change in perceived parenting over time, in that avoidant children perceived their mothers as increasingly overprotective, as less monitoring, as...
Show moreThis longitudinal study examined the likely direction of influence between perceived parenting and attachment style in middle childhood. In each of two successive years, measures of perceived parenting behaviors and of attachment style were administered to 164 children (mean age 10.2 in Year 1). Avoidant (but not preoccupied) attachment predicted change in perceived parenting over time, in that avoidant children perceived their mothers as increasingly overprotective, as less monitoring, as less affectionate, and as providing less reliable support over time. There was little evidence that perceived parenting led to change in attachment style over time, although low perceived maternal support in Year 1 predicted increases in preoccupied attachment. Results provide new insights into the direction of effects between attachment and perceived parenting during middle childhood.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2004
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13121
- Subject Headings
- Parent and teenager, Attachment behavior in adolescence, Child development, Adolescent psychology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Infant Jealousy Responses: Temperament and EEG.
- Creator
- Mize, Krystal D., Florida Atlantic University, Jones, Nancy Aaron, Bjorklund, David F., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
Jealousy results from the fear of loss of an important relationship partner or his/her exclusive attention (Neu, 1980; Tov-Ruach, 1980). Infants are dependant on their caregivers for basic needs and emotional support. Therefore, if an infant perceives that a rival threatens the parent-child dyad relationship, it is possible that the infant will respond in a jealous manner just as adults do when their important relationships are threatened . Although infants have limited emotional...
Show moreJealousy results from the fear of loss of an important relationship partner or his/her exclusive attention (Neu, 1980; Tov-Ruach, 1980). Infants are dependant on their caregivers for basic needs and emotional support. Therefore, if an infant perceives that a rival threatens the parent-child dyad relationship, it is possible that the infant will respond in a jealous manner just as adults do when their important relationships are threatened . Although infants have limited emotional understanding, Palmer and Palmer (2002) suggest that jealousy evolved out of other resource-protecting drives. Because parental care is a valuable resource, supporting survival, infants may have at least precursory jealousy capabilities. Research on infant jealousy is minimal however, Hart and Carrington (2002) characterized approach responses to the loss of maternal attention to a life-like doll as jealousy. The purpose ofthe current repeated-measures research design is to provide a conceptual replication of previous infant jealousy research. Whether infant jealousy responses are moderated by individuals approach or withdrawal tendencies, is still to be determined and is another focus of the current research. Temperamental characteristics may influence emotional responses and asymmetrical frontal brain activity is associated with individual differences in emotional responding (see Coan & Allen, 2004 for a review). Therefore baseline electroencephalography (EEG) is collected in the current research followed by subjecting 15 infants (mean age = 12.87 months) to two maternal ignoring conditions, one involving the mother attending to a social object (lifelike doll) and a control condition in which the mother attends to a non-social object (book). Results show that infants respond differentially to the two conditions with increased approach behaviors, arousal, and negative affect in the doll condition. The infants' responses in the social-object condition are identified as jealousy, suggesting that infants are capable of at least some complex emotional experiences. v
Show less - Date Issued
- 2008
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000870
- Subject Headings
- Parent and infant, Social perception in children, Child psychology, Behavioral assessment of infants
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The impact of stress on elementary school principals and their effective coping mechanisms.
- Creator
- Krzemienski, Joyce., College of Education, Department of Educational Leadership and Research Methodology
- Abstract/Description
-
In today's era of high stakes testing and accountability, school principals are confronted with many difficult challenges in addition to those traditionally experienced by principals given the advent of No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and the many mandates each school principal must report on annually. With mandated curriculum standards and widespread demand to improve student achievement, principals face a multitude of administrative tasks. As the school accountability deadline to meet the 2014...
Show moreIn today's era of high stakes testing and accountability, school principals are confronted with many difficult challenges in addition to those traditionally experienced by principals given the advent of No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and the many mandates each school principal must report on annually. With mandated curriculum standards and widespread demand to improve student achievement, principals face a multitude of administrative tasks. As the school accountability deadline to meet the 2014 federal objective of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 rapidly draws closer for the majority of states, this federal legislation has created increasingly high stress levels, potentially the highest ever, for principals across the country. ... The proposed study is significant to the field of education because this study provides the most current research regarding the mental and physical effects of work-related stress on elementary school principals in an era of increased accountability and the impact stress has on the school climate. Further, this study offers school principals a repertoire of effective coping mechanisms that can be utilized to help reduce their perceived stress levels. Over the time of the study, it was repeatedly reported by the principal participants that their work stress had increased, which was found to have impacted their health as well as the school climate.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2012
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3358601
- Subject Headings
- Elementary school principals, Job stress, Stress management, Stress (Psychology), Burn out (Psychology), Educational leadership, Psychological aspects
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The behavioral, emotional, and attentional effects of human baby schema.
- Creator
- Machluf, Karin, Bjorklund, David F., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
Children exhibit neotenous, or physically immature, features, such as a large rounded head relative to body size, adult-sized eyes, round cheeks, a small chin, and a short narrow nose. Bowlby (1969) and others (Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 1989; Hrdy, 2005) propose that, in species whose young depend on care from an adult, these features could enhance offspring survival. Lorenz (1943) argued that adult humans are particularly attracted to these features, and that these characteristics, which he termed...
Show moreChildren exhibit neotenous, or physically immature, features, such as a large rounded head relative to body size, adult-sized eyes, round cheeks, a small chin, and a short narrow nose. Bowlby (1969) and others (Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 1989; Hrdy, 2005) propose that, in species whose young depend on care from an adult, these features could enhance offspring survival. Lorenz (1943) argued that adult humans are particularly attracted to these features, and that these characteristics, which he termed Kindchenschema or “baby schema,” trigger a cognitive system that processes and reacts specifically to infantile features for the purpose of enhancing motivation to engage in caretaking behaviors. The goal of the studies proposed here is to examine the behavioral, attentional, and emotional effects of baby schema.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004452, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004452
- Subject Headings
- Ego (Psychology), Emotions in infants, Empathy, Evolutionary psychology, Genetic psychology, Human behavior, Identity (Philosophical concept), Moral development, Parent and child
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Behavioral Expressions of Jealousy Across the First Two Years of Life: Associations with EEG Asymmetry, Cortisol Reactivity and Attachment Security.
- Creator
- Platt, Melannie, Jones, Nancy Aaron, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
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Jealousy is understood as a system of physiological, behavioral, and emotional responses, yet few studies have examined these aspects of jealousy simultaneously in infants. Further, jealousy paradigms have not been examined as a potential stressor in infancy and thus typical cortisol reactivity and regulation patterns in response to jealousy paradigms have not been observed. In addition, the contribution of attachment security to infant expressions of jealousy has been vastly understudied....
Show moreJealousy is understood as a system of physiological, behavioral, and emotional responses, yet few studies have examined these aspects of jealousy simultaneously in infants. Further, jealousy paradigms have not been examined as a potential stressor in infancy and thus typical cortisol reactivity and regulation patterns in response to jealousy paradigms have not been observed. In addition, the contribution of attachment security to infant expressions of jealousy has been vastly understudied. The present study seeks to fill the current gaps in the infant jealousy literature by investigating quantitative and qualitative changes in infant jealousy across the first two years of life. Data was collected longitudinally and mother- infant dyads were asked to participate when infants were 12- months and 24-months of age. Associations between behavioral jealousy responses, baseline EEG activity, stress reactivity and attachment security were examined. Differences in approach behaviors and behavioral arousal were found across conditions and were consistent with previous studies (Hart & Carrington, 2002; Mize & Jones, 2012). Findings relating to EEG activity pointed to a relationship between left EEG asymmetry and global approach behaviors across time. Cortisol reactivity was found to be associated with attachment security but reactive cortisol concentrations compared to baseline cortisol concentrations do not indicate that the paradigm was an effective stressor. Attachment security was found to be associated with proximity behaviors in 12- month olds but not 24-month olds. Finally, a linear regression revealed that attachment security, EEG asymmetry, and cortisol reactivity at 12-months are significant predictors of behavioral jealousy responses at 24-months. Changes in behavioral and physiological measures across time indicate that jealousy continues to develop during the second year of life but may have different underlying processes than the processes that contribute to jealousy expression in 12-month-olds.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004889, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004889
- Subject Headings
- Mood (Psychology)--Physiological aspects., Emotions--Physiological aspects., Emotions in infants., Attachment behavior in infants., Attachment behavior in children., Jealousy in children., Child psychology., Child rearing., Sibling rivalry.
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The hurricane notebooks.
- Creator
- Hogan, Mary Ann., Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of English
- Abstract/Description
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The Hurricane Notebooks is a manuscript-length memoir of the narrator's quest to piece together the enigmatic character of her late father. She does this through her discovery of his private notebooks as well as her unearthing of four generations of family turmoil.
- Date Issued
- 2013
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3360803
- Subject Headings
- Parent and child, Parents and children, Family relationships, Fathers and daughters, Family relationships, Self-perception, Identity (Psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- High summer.
- Creator
- Hasler Martinez, Michelle., Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of English
- Abstract/Description
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High Summer is a manuscript-length compilation of narrative science essays that trace the relationship the narrator has with her father. These essays focus on the ongoing presence of drugs, their historical basis, and their pharmacological effects on the body.
- Date Issued
- 2012
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3358552
- Subject Headings
- Fathers and daughters, Parent and child, Symbolism in literature, Psychology, Pathological, Substance abuse, Physiological aspects, Narration (Rhetoric), Creative nonfiction
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Mother-child interaction and victimization by peers during middle childhood.
- Creator
- Finnegan, Regina Ann, Florida Atlantic University, Perry, David G.
- Abstract/Description
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Mother-child interactions that might predict peer victimization for children during middle childhood were examined. 184 middle class boys and girls in the 4th through 7th grades participated in the study. Child report measures of 6 dimensions of maternal parenting style and 7 types of child coping during mother-child conflict were developed. These family variables were reduced to a smaller set of variables and related to peer reports of children's victimization by peers, internalizing...
Show moreMother-child interactions that might predict peer victimization for children during middle childhood were examined. 184 middle class boys and girls in the 4th through 7th grades participated in the study. Child report measures of 6 dimensions of maternal parenting style and 7 types of child coping during mother-child conflict were developed. These family variables were reduced to a smaller set of variables and related to peer reports of children's victimization by peers, internalizing problems with peers, and externalizing problems with peers. Results indicate that, for boys, maternal overprotectiveness is associated with peer victimization for boys who use fearful or submissive coping during mother-child conflicts. Maternal overprotectiveness also predicts boys' internalizing problems with peers. Moreover, boys' internalizing problems with peers mediate the relation between maternal overprotectiveness and peer victimization. For girls, maternal hostility is associated with peer victimization for girls who are physically weak, and maternal hostility predicts internalizing problems with peers. As is the case with boys, internalizing problems with peers mediate the link between maternal hostility and victimization by peers. For both boys and girls, maternal hostility predicted externalizing problems with peers. A theory that explains gender differences in relations between maternal behaviors and peer victimization was advanced.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1996
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12456
- Subject Headings
- Mother and child, Children--Family relationships, Victims--Psychology, Aggressiveness in children, Social perception in children
- Format
- Document (PDF)
