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Title: The Role of Chemical Cues in Locating Pelagic Sargassum by the Associated Fish Stephanolepis hispidus.
Creator: Cox, Derek, Brooks, W. Randy, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description: The ecosystem created by pelagic Sargassum is important in the life histories of a number of economically and ecologically important associated organisms. Fishes play a vital role in this food web and nutrient flow within these systems, but it is unknown how they locate these floating habitats. This study examined the role of natural chemical cues from Sargassum patches and the synthetic chemical Dimethylsulfonionpropionate (DMSP) for an associated fish, the planehead filefish (Stephanolepis...
Show moreThe ecosystem created by pelagic Sargassum is important in the life histories of a number of economically and ecologically important associated organisms. Fishes play a vital role in this food web and nutrient flow within these systems, but it is unknown how they locate these floating habitats. This study examined the role of natural chemical cues from Sargassum patches and the synthetic chemical Dimethylsulfonionpropionate (DMSP) for an associated fish, the planehead filefish (Stephanolepis hispidus) and a control fish species not associated with Sargassum, the masked goby (Coryphopterus personatus). Choice trials with a Y-maze apparatus determined that S. hispidus responded significantly to chemical cues from Sargassum while C. personatus did not. DMSP cues did not result in any significant behavioral responses for either fish. Demonstrating that S. hispidus can respond to chemical cues from Sargassum helps further our understanding of this unique floating algal reef and how fishes may locate it.
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Date Issued: 2016
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004684, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004684
Subject Headings: Animal behavior, Habitat (Ecology), Marine algae, Marine chemical ecology, Predation (Biology), Sargassum -- Ecology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Isolation and Structural Elucidation of Novel Bioactive Natural Products from Marine Organisms of the Western Atlantic Ocean.
Creator: Zhang, Long, West, Lyndon, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
Abstract/Description: The aim of this dissertation was to elaborate the exploration of biologically active secondary metabolites from the marine sponge Cacospongia cf. linteiformis collected from the Bahamas and the soft coral Briareum asbestinum collected from two different sites in Florida State, Boca Raton and Dry Tortugas. In chapter one, a review on previous chemical and biological studies of the marine sponge C. cf. linteiformis and soft coral B. asbestinum is provided. Particular attention is given to...
Show moreThe aim of this dissertation was to elaborate the exploration of biologically active secondary metabolites from the marine sponge Cacospongia cf. linteiformis collected from the Bahamas and the soft coral Briareum asbestinum collected from two different sites in Florida State, Boca Raton and Dry Tortugas. In chapter one, a review on previous chemical and biological studies of the marine sponge C. cf. linteiformis and soft coral B. asbestinum is provided. Particular attention is given to spongianolides and briarellins, two important classes of compounds isolated from C. cf. linteiformis and B. asbestinum, respectively, and their structural features and diverse bioactivities. In chapter two, the isolation and relative configuration determination of four epimeric sesterterpenoids, spongianolides E & F (18c, 18d, 19c, 19d) from C. cf. linteiformis collected from the Bahamas are discussed. Thanks to chemical modification (acetylation), diastereomeric 18c&18d and 19c&19d, respectively, were able to be isolated using chromatographic techniques for the first time, and then the relative configurations of 18c, 18d, 19c, 19d were determined based on NOESY NMR experiments. The bioactivity of mixture of compounds 18c, 18d, 19c, 19d were tested and it exhibited inhibition against Schnurri-3 (a regulator of postnatal bone mass). In chapter three, the isolation and structural elucidation of four new compounds, florellins A-D (49-52), from B. asbestinum collected off the coast of Boca Raton, FL are discussed. The molecular structures of these compounds were established by spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 49-52 are the first briarellins containing an acyl group at C-13, while 49 and 50 are the first briarellins possessing acylation at C-15. Florellins A–C (49-51) were screened and found cytotoxic against three human cell lines, BT474, WM266−4 and HEK293. In chapter four, the isolation and structural elucidation of four new compounds, florellins E-H (57-60), from B. asbestinum collected in Dry Tortugas, FL are discussed. The molecular structures of these compounds were established by spectroscopic analysis. Florellins F (58) and H (60) were screened against three human cell lines, BT474, WM266−4 and HEK293, but no cytotoxicity was exhibited. In chapter five, all the experimental procedures are described, including analytical instruments, animal materials, extraction and isolation processes, spectroscopic data and protocols of bioassays.
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Date Issued: 2017
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004850, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004850
Subject Headings: Pharmacognosy., Natural products--Analysis., Marine pharmacology., Marine biotechnology., Marine algae--Biotechnology., Bioactive compounds.
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Productivity and Nutrition of Sargassum: A Comparative Ecophysiological Study of Benthic and Pelagic Species in Florida.
Creator: Feibel, Alison, Lapointe, Brian E., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Center for Environmental Studies
Abstract/Description: Benthic algal species receive elevated nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability as anthropogenic activities increase the loading of nutrients into coastal waters. Pelagic species could also be responding to this nutrient enrichment. This study compared the tissue nutrient content and productivity of three benthic and two pelagic species of Sargassum. We hypothesized that the benthic species would have a higher tissue nutrient content and productivity than the pelagic species and the...
Show moreBenthic algal species receive elevated nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability as anthropogenic activities increase the loading of nutrients into coastal waters. Pelagic species could also be responding to this nutrient enrichment. This study compared the tissue nutrient content and productivity of three benthic and two pelagic species of Sargassum. We hypothesized that the benthic species would have a higher tissue nutrient content and productivity than the pelagic species and the pelagic species would have a higher tissue nutrient content and productivity than historic data. The tissue nutrient content and net productivity of the benthic and pelagic species were not significantly different indicating that the pelagic species are receiving high levels of nutrient availability comparable to that of the benthic species. Pelagic species in the current study exhibited significantly higher N:P ratios and net productivity than the historic data, suggesting a shift from N to P limitation and increased productivity.
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Date Issued: 2016
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004695, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004695
Subject Headings: Biotic communities, Environmental monitoring, Indicators (Biology), Marine algae -- Florida, Marine biology -- Florida, Sargassum
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Patterns of inorganic phosphate and carbohydrate allocation in sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense Crantz) and southern cattail (Typha domingensis Pers.) grown at low and high phosphate levels.
Creator: Hill, Brian, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description: In recent history, C. jamaicense has been displaced by another native monocot, T. domingensis, predominantly resulting from increased phosphorous enrichment in the Everglades. This study aimed to elucidate these two species responses to low and high [Pi] in terms of allocation, photosynthate partitioning and growth. C. jamaicense growth was independent of Pi, while T. domingensis growth increased with [Pi]. Under high [Pi], allocation to younger T. domingensis shoots occurred, while C....
Show moreIn recent history, C. jamaicense has been displaced by another native monocot, T. domingensis, predominantly resulting from increased phosphorous enrichment in the Everglades. This study aimed to elucidate these two species responses to low and high [Pi] in terms of allocation, photosynthate partitioning and growth. C. jamaicense growth was independent of Pi, while T. domingensis growth increased with [Pi]. Under high [Pi], allocation to younger T. domingensis shoots occurred, while C. jamaicense shoots retained more [Pi], while low [Pi] resulted in homogeneous allocation patterns for both species. Additionally, Pi deficiencies induced carbohydrate levels in older shoots of T. domingensis, while [Pi] had no effect on photosynthate partitioning patterns in C. jamaicense. ACP activity was induced by Pi deficiency in all T. domingensis shoots and increased with shoot age, while no effect was observed in C. jamaicense. Results indicate these two species differ in allocation strategies when [Pi] is altered.
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Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/238480
Subject Headings: Nitrogen-fixing algae, Biogeochemical cycles, Phosphorus, Psychological transport, Soil stabilization, Ecosystem management, Vegetation dynamics
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Light intensity influences on algal pigments, proteins and carbohydrates: implications for pigment-based chemotaxonomy.
Creator: Grant, Cidya S., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
Abstract/Description: Phytoplankton Chlorophyll a (CHLa), total protein, colloidal carbohydrates, storage carbohydrates and taxonomic pigment relationships were studied in two cyanophytes (Microcystis aeruginosa and Synnechococcus elongatus), two chlorophytes (Dunaliella tertiolecta and Scenedesmus quadricauda), one cryptophyte (Rhodomonas salina), two diatoms (Cyclotella meneghiniana and Thalassiosira weissflogii) and one dinophyte (Amphidinium carterae) to assess if algal biomass could be expressed in other...
Show morePhytoplankton Chlorophyll a (CHLa), total protein, colloidal carbohydrates, storage carbohydrates and taxonomic pigment relationships were studied in two cyanophytes (Microcystis aeruginosa and Synnechococcus elongatus), two chlorophytes (Dunaliella tertiolecta and Scenedesmus quadricauda), one cryptophyte (Rhodomonas salina), two diatoms (Cyclotella meneghiniana and Thalassiosira weissflogii) and one dinophyte (Amphidinium carterae) to assess if algal biomass could be expressed in other indices than just chlorophyll a alone. Protein and carbohydrates are more useful currencies for expressing algal biomass, with respect to energy flow amongst trophic levels. These phytoplankton were grown at low light (LL = 37 (So(Bmol photons m-2 s-1), medium light (ML = 70-75 (So(Bmol photons m-2 s-1), and high light (HL= 200 (So(Bmol photons m-2 s-1)., Even though pigment per cell increased with increasing light intensity, statistically light had very little effect on the CHL a : taxonomic marker pigment ratios, as they covaried in the same way. Protein, colloidal carbohydrates and storage carbohydrates per cell all increased with increasing light intensity, but they did not covary with CHLa. Statistical data showed that light intensity had a more noticeable effect on protein: CHL a, colloidal carbohydrate: CHLa, storage CHO: CHLa, therefore a general mathematical expression for these relationships cannot be generated. This study showed that light intensity does have an influence on these biomass indices, therefore, seasonal and latitudinal formulas may be required for meaningful algal biomass estimation. However, more studies are needed if that goal is to be realized., While studying the effects of light intensity on algal pigment content and concentration, a new pigment was isolated from a cyanophyte (Scytonema hofmanii) growing between 300-1800 (So(Bmol photons¨m-2¨s-1 and from samples collected in areas of the Florida Everglades. This pigment was characterized and structurally determined to possess indolic and phenolic subunits that are characteristic of scytonemin and its derivatives. In addition, the pigment has a ketamine functionality which gives it its unique polarity and spectral properties. Based on the ultra violet/visible absorbance data, this pigment was postulated to be protecting the chlorophyll a and cytochrome Soret bands as well as a and (Sb (Bbands of the cytochromes (e.g. cytc-562) in the photosynthetic unit.
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Date Issued: 2011
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3332257
Subject Headings: Plant pigments, Analysis, Photosynthetic pgiments, Analysis, Plant allometry, Enviornmental geochemistry, Marine algae, Analysis
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Photosynthetic pigment ratios in relation to Photic Flux.
Creator: Grant, Cidya S., Louda, J. William, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: The molar and weight ratios of the photosynthetic pigments of ten algal species were analyzed in an attempt to determine if knowledge of the light field could be used to give better ratios for estimating the chlorophyll a contributed from each algal division to total chlorophyll a or biomass. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is one of the tools used in pigment-based chemotaxonomy for estimating the biomass of algal communities by determining the concentrations of the various...
Show moreThe molar and weight ratios of the photosynthetic pigments of ten algal species were analyzed in an attempt to determine if knowledge of the light field could be used to give better ratios for estimating the chlorophyll a contributed from each algal division to total chlorophyll a or biomass. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is one of the tools used in pigment-based chemotaxonomy for estimating the biomass of algal communities by determining the concentrations of the various chlorophylls and carotenoids. Stable ratios of chlorophyll a: marker pigment are used as multiplying factors for calculating the amount of chlorophyll a contributed from each major algal group to total chlorophyll a. Stable chlorophyll a : marker pigment ratios are not always easy to determine, so light field was investigated as a factor for determining consistently reliable ratios. This data will serve to determine new chlorophyll a: marker pigment ratios, as well as to verify or suggest changes to the existing ratios that are currently being used by our research group. An unknown pigment was isolated from Scytonema sp. grown in higher light fields and the ecological significance of this pigment was assessed.
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Date Issued: 2006
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000768
Subject Headings: Photosynthetic pigments--Analysis, Marine algae, Plant pigments--Analysis, High performance liquid chromatography
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Response of tropical marine macroalgae to thermal stress.
Creator: Anderson, Brent C., Florida Atlantic University, Koch, Marguerite
Abstract/Description: Short-term increases in temperatures above 31°C have been shown to influence the structure and diversity of coral reefs through coral bleaching episodes, but quantitative information on how these thermal events affect macroalgae on coral reef communities has rarely been described. Using laboratory mesocosm experiments, I examined six species of commonly occurring macroalgae from two functional form groups on the Florida Keys reef tract to determine their temperature thresholds, quantified by...
Show moreShort-term increases in temperatures above 31°C have been shown to influence the structure and diversity of coral reefs through coral bleaching episodes, but quantitative information on how these thermal events affect macroalgae on coral reef communities has rarely been described. Using laboratory mesocosm experiments, I examined six species of commonly occurring macroalgae from two functional form groups on the Florida Keys reef tract to determine their temperature thresholds, quantified by the point at which photosynthesis, quantum yield (Fv/Fm), and mortality rates were significantly affected. Red crustose coralline sp., classified in the calcareous group, showed no significant changes in Fv/Fm, and experienced no mortality at elevated temperatures of 34°C. However, Halimeda incrassata, another calcareous species showed significant changes in photosynthesis at thermal treatments of 32°C, and experienced 75% mortality at 34°C. Sargassum fluitans, a branching fleshy macroalgae maintained photosynthetic rates up to 32°C, but at 34°C succumbed to 100% mortality. Laurencia chondroides, also a branching fleshy macroalgal form experienced 50% mortality at 34°C. My results, among the first high temperature experiments on dominant tropical macroalgae, indicate that macroalgae are more robust than corals (∼32°C) in their thermal tolerance, but have varying thresholds among species.
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Date Issued: 2006
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13394
Subject Headings: Marine algae--Florida--Florida Keys, Coral reef ecology--Florida--Florida Keys
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Macroalgal blooms on southeast Florida coral reefs I. Nutrient stoichiometry of the invasive green alga Codium isthmocladum in the wider Caribbean indicates nutrient enrichment.
Creator: Lapointe, Brian E., Barile, Peter J., Littler, Mark M., Littler, Diane S., Bedford, Bradley J., Gasque, Constance
Date Issued: 2005
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/2827824
Subject Headings: Coral reef biology --Florida, Coral reefs and islands --Florida, Algae, Eutrophication --Toxicology, Water --Nitrogen content, Water --Phosphorus content
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Comparison of chemotaxonomic methods for the determination of periphyton community composition.
Creator: Browne, Jamie L., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
Abstract/Description: Pigment-based chemotaxonomy uses relative amounts of photosynthetic pigments (biomarkers) within algae samples to determine the algal class composition of each sample. Chemotaxonomy has been applied successfully to phytoplankton communities, but its efficacy for periphyton has not yet been established. This study examined the ability of simultaneous linear equations (SLE), CHEMTAX, and the Bayesian Compositional Estimator (BCE) to determine algal class composition in Florida Everglades...
Show morePigment-based chemotaxonomy uses relative amounts of photosynthetic pigments (biomarkers) within algae samples to determine the algal class composition of each sample. Chemotaxonomy has been applied successfully to phytoplankton communities, but its efficacy for periphyton has not yet been established. This study examined the ability of simultaneous linear equations (SLE), CHEMTAX, and the Bayesian Compositional Estimator (BCE) to determine algal class composition in Florida Everglades periphyton. The methods were applied to artificial datasets, mixed lab cultures of known composition, and Everglades periphyton samples for which microscopic biovolume data was available. All methods were able to return accurate sample compositions for artificial data and mixed lab cultures. Correlation between pigment methods and microscopic results for natural periphyton samples was poor. SLE and CHEMTAX returned similar results for all samples while BCE performed less well.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/2100582
Subject Headings: Water quality biological assessment, Periphyton, Water, Phosphorus content, Freshwater algae
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Phosphorus limitation in reef macroalgae of South Florida.
Creator: Kehler, Courtney., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Center for Environmental Studies
Abstract/Description: Nitrogen (N) has traditionally been regarded as the primary limiting nutrient to algal growth in marine coastal waters, but recent studies suggest that phosphorus (P) can be limiting in carbonate-rich environments. To better understand the importance of P. alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) was measured in reef macroalgae in seven counties of south Florida ; several significant trends emerged : 1) APA decreased geographically from the highest values in Dada>Monroe>Palm Beach>St. Lucie...
Show moreNitrogen (N) has traditionally been regarded as the primary limiting nutrient to algal growth in marine coastal waters, but recent studies suggest that phosphorus (P) can be limiting in carbonate-rich environments. To better understand the importance of P. alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) was measured in reef macroalgae in seven counties of south Florida ; several significant trends emerged : 1) APA decreased geographically from the highest values in Dada>Monroe>Palm Beach>St. Lucie>Broward>Martin>Lee counties 2) APA varied temporally with increasing nutrient-rich runoff in the wet season 3) APA varied due to taxonomic division Phaeophyta>Rhodophyta>Chlorophyta 4) Nutrient enrichment experiments demonstrated that increased N-enrichment enhanced P-limitation while increased P decreased P-limitation. These results suggest that high APA observed in carbonate-rich waters of Dade County and low APA in Broward County resulted from high nutrient inputs associated with anthropogenic nutrient pollution.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3358598
Subject Headings: Nitrogen, Environmental aspects, Coral reef ecology, Coral reef biology, Marine algae, Physiology, Algal communities, Physiology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Pigment analysis of benthic and pelagic algae in Lake Okeechobee, Florida.
Creator: Winfree, Nancy, Florida Atlantic University, Baker, Earl W.
Abstract/Description: Water samples from Lake Okeechobee, Florida have been analyzed in order to relate pigment fingerprints to temporal and spatial variations. Chemical taxonomic identification of predominant photoautotrophs was based on pigment profiles evolved from literature reports and analysis of specific cultures. Carotenoids and chlorophylls were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-violet visible spectra obtained with a photo diode array detector (PDA). Pigments were...
Show moreWater samples from Lake Okeechobee, Florida have been analyzed in order to relate pigment fingerprints to temporal and spatial variations. Chemical taxonomic identification of predominant photoautotrophs was based on pigment profiles evolved from literature reports and analysis of specific cultures. Carotenoids and chlorophylls were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-violet visible spectra obtained with a photo diode array detector (PDA). Pigments were identified by coincident matches of retention time and UV/Visible spectral properties. Chemical taxonomic identification was determined by comparison with known photoautotrophic pigment 'fingerprints'. Experimental results show pigment arrays indicative of chromophytes, chlorophytes and cyanophytes as well as photoautotrophic bacteria present in Lake Okeechobee. The lake was also found to be heterogeneous and dynamic in terms of pigment composition. Major pigment groups changed as a function of location in the lake and as a function of season. A greater pigment diversity was found to exist in the benthos due to the presence of degradation products. HPLC-PDA pigment analysis for chemotaxonomic typing of photoautotrophic communities is attainable and can be used as a rapid viable alternative to microscopic examination of plankton and epiphyte samples. Also, taxonomic typing of organic matter and photoautotrophic communities of sediments, including bacterial populations, can be accomplished using this method.
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Date Issued: 1996
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15261
Subject Headings: Plant pigments--Analysis, Photosynthetic pigments--Analysis, Freshwater algae, High performance liquid chromatography, Okeechobee, Lake (Fla)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Macroalgal blooms on southeast Florida coral reefs II. Cross-shelf discrimination of nitrogen sources indicates widespread assimilation of sewage nitrogen.
Creator: Lapointe, Brian E., Barile, Peter J., Littler, Mark M., Littler, Diane S., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Date Issued: 2005
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/2827827
Subject Headings: Coral reef biology --Florida, Coral reefs and islands --Florida, Eutrophication --Toxicology, Algae, Water --Nitrogen content, Water --Phosphorus content, Water --Purification --Nitrogen removal
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: An ecological study of photoautotrophs in Lake Worth.
Creator: Bolter, Keren P., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
Abstract/Description: Little Lake Worth (LLW) (800 m x 200 m x 8« m) is an artificially deep, monomictic marine basin. Pigments and other water quality parameters (O2, pH, T, S, NO3 -. etc.) were utilized to characterize phototrophic communities and water quality. The water column is dominated by diatoms except in the hypolimnon during stratification events (late Summer) when strong anoxia and H2S favors abundant Chlorobium sulfur bacteria. Results indicate nitrate-enriched freshwater baseflow indicative of septic...
Show moreLittle Lake Worth (LLW) (800 m x 200 m x 8« m) is an artificially deep, monomictic marine basin. Pigments and other water quality parameters (O2, pH, T, S, NO3 -. etc.) were utilized to characterize phototrophic communities and water quality. The water column is dominated by diatoms except in the hypolimnon during stratification events (late Summer) when strong anoxia and H2S favors abundant Chlorobium sulfur bacteria. Results indicate nitrate-enriched freshwater baseflow indicative of septic tank seepage during the wet season. This also appears to lead to the accumulation of concentrated organic matter in the sediment. LLW is a potential threat to the health of the ecosystem and the humans using it recreationally. More research is required to verify the effectiveness of restoration options. The spatial and temporal distribution of Chlorobium (phaeovibiroides tent.) and their Bacteriochlorophyll-e homologues is described and compared to similar studies.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3151675
Subject Headings: Algae culture, Water quality, Biotic communities, Marine sediments
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The effect of canopy shading on relative primary productivity of periphyton in Water Conservation Area 2-A, Everglades.
Creator: Brandenburg, Mark Eric., Florida Atlantic University, Marsh, G. Alex
Abstract/Description: Differences in relative primary productivity of periphyton were determined for three light regimes: open slough (control), sawgrass canopy, and cattail canopy. The center of Water Conservation Area 2-A, Everglades was chosen as the study site because it is relatively unaffected by nutrient runoff. Periphyton productivity was determined by the light and dark bottle method, and biomass was recorded as ash-free dry weight. Statistically significant correlations were found between periphyton...
Show moreDifferences in relative primary productivity of periphyton were determined for three light regimes: open slough (control), sawgrass canopy, and cattail canopy. The center of Water Conservation Area 2-A, Everglades was chosen as the study site because it is relatively unaffected by nutrient runoff. Periphyton productivity was determined by the light and dark bottle method, and biomass was recorded as ash-free dry weight. Statistically significant correlations were found between periphyton biomass and water temperature and between organic content and water temperature. Mean photosynthetically active radiation reaching the surface of the water under sawgrass and cattail canopy was 45% $\pm$ 3% and 11% $\pm$ 1% respectively. Relative primary productivity of periphyton was lower under cattail canopy than under sawgrass canopy due to increased shading of cattail. This reduction of periphyton biomass and primary productivity can be considered an indirect effect of nutrient enrichment from the Everglades Agricultural Area.
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Date Issued: 1996
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15240
Subject Headings: Freshwater algae--Florida--Everglades, Periphyton--Florida--Everglades, Stream ecology--Florida--Everglades, Primary productivity (Biology)--Florida--Everglades, Plant communities--Florida--Everglades, Everglades (Fla )
Format: Document (PDF)

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