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Zooxanthellae diversity and abundance in corals at St. Lucie Reef, FL
Title
Zooxanthellae diversity and abundance in corals at St. Lucie Reef, FL.
Creator
Klepac, Courtney, Voss, Joshua, Graduate College
Date Issued
2013-04-12
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3361321
Subject Headings
Zooxanthellales, Zooxanthellate corals, Symbiosis, Saint Lucie Inlet (Fla.)
Format
Document (PDF)
Connectivity and Plasticity of Mesophotic Corals in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean
Title
Connectivity and Plasticity of Mesophotic Corals in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean.
Creator
Studivan, Michael, Voss, Joshua, Graduate College
Abstract/Description
Coral reef ecosystems worldwide are threatened by disease, anthropogenic damage, and climate change. Recently mesophotic coral ecosystems MCEs have been discovered and characterized as continuations of shallow reefs below traditional SCUBA depths. Because MCEs appear to be sheltered from many of the stressors known to affect shallow reefs, Glynn 1996 originally proposed that deeper reefs may act as a refuge for coral species by providing larvae to nearby shallow reefs. My dissertation...
Show moreCoral reef ecosystems worldwide are threatened by disease, anthropogenic damage, and climate change. Recently mesophotic coral ecosystems MCEs have been discovered and characterized as continuations of shallow reefs below traditional SCUBA depths. Because MCEs appear to be sheltered from many of the stressors known to affect shallow reefs, Glynn 1996 originally proposed that deeper reefs may act as a refuge for coral species by providing larvae to nearby shallow reefs. My dissertation research will address key questions that underlie this theory and advance our knowledge of coral ecology and physiology at mesophotic depths. including: 1 How well are MCEs connected to shallow reefs, and 2 Can corals adapt their morphology and gene expression to match changing environmental stimuli? Microsatellite based analysis of genetic connectivity will be complemented by morphometric analyses of corallite phenotypic plasticity and gene expression profiling in the dominant coral species, Montastraea cavernosa. MCEs in the Flower Garden Banks and Pulley Ridge have been surveyed and sampled using both ROVs and technical diving in 2011-2013, with additional expeditions planned for 2014-2015. A reciprocal transplant experiment on Carrie Bow Cay, Belize will assess the physiological and morphological plasticity of M. cavernosa in shallow and mesophotic environments. This project will address the influences of both environment and genotype control on coral’s potentially plastic responses. Additionally, this research is designed to provide data for improved regional management of mesophotic coral reef ecosystems and to strengthen collaborative marine research through NOAA’s Cooperative Institute for Ocean Exploration, Research, and Technology CIOERT.
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Date Issued
2014
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005168
Format
Document (PDF)
Endosymbiotic Algal Community Dynamics within Corals at St. Lucie Reef, FL
Title
Endosymbiotic Algal Community Dynamics within Corals at St. Lucie Reef, FL.
Creator
Klepac, Courtney, Voss, Joshua, Graduate College, Beal, Jeff
Abstract/Description
The coral reef habitat at St. Lucie Reef Stuart, FL persists despite environmental instability resulting from extensive freshwater discharges, summer upwelling, and seasonality. By examining the symbiotic algae, or zooxanthellae, that reside in corals, we can gain insight to overall coral physiology during stress events. Two hermatypic corals, Montastraea cavernosa and Pseudodiploria clivosa were sampled over a year and a half, representative of wet and dry seasons. Zooxanthellae were...
Show moreThe coral reef habitat at St. Lucie Reef Stuart, FL persists despite environmental instability resulting from extensive freshwater discharges, summer upwelling, and seasonality. By examining the symbiotic algae, or zooxanthellae, that reside in corals, we can gain insight to overall coral physiology during stress events. Two hermatypic corals, Montastraea cavernosa and Pseudodiploria clivosa were sampled over a year and a half, representative of wet and dry seasons. Zooxanthellae were isolated from each coral fragment and responses to water quality fluctuations were quantified by measuring cell density and chlorophyll a and c2. Both coral species varied in the amount of zooxanthellae harbored as well as chlorophyll concentrations. Pseudodiploria clivosa had a higher density of cells than Montastraea cavernosa, but chlorophyll concentrations per cell were greater in M. cavernosa. Morphological differences between both coral species and their zooxanthellae concomitant with the inverse relationship between cell density and chlorophyll could be indicative of photosynthetic capabilities. Genotypes of zooxanthellae within each host species were evaluated by amplifying the internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA and sequencing on Illumina’s MiSeq platform. Patterns in fine-scale diversity and genetic variation may explain the observed physiological differences among corals at St. Lucie Reef.
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Date Issued
2014
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005153
Format
Document (PDF)
Investigating Algal Symbionts in Corals From St. Lucie Reef, Florida
Title
Investigating Algal Symbionts in Corals From St. Lucie Reef, Florida.
Creator
Polinski, Jennifer, Voss, Joshua, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Abstract/Description
Algal symbionts, commonly called zooxanthellae, living in within coral tissues provide energy to hermatypic corals through photosynthesis. Zooxanthellae density, as well as photosynthetic pigment concentration, can be used as an indicator of coral health. This study compared zooxanthellae densities and concentrations of chlorophyll a and c between four sites and two species of coral, Montastraea cavemosa and Diploria clivosa, found at the St. Lucie Reef to establish baseline levels for...
Show moreAlgal symbionts, commonly called zooxanthellae, living in within coral tissues provide energy to hermatypic corals through photosynthesis. Zooxanthellae density, as well as photosynthetic pigment concentration, can be used as an indicator of coral health. This study compared zooxanthellae densities and concentrations of chlorophyll a and c between four sites and two species of coral, Montastraea cavemosa and Diploria clivosa, found at the St. Lucie Reef to establish baseline levels for comparison to future levels. No significant differences were found among sites despite increasing depth farther from the inlet, suggesting reduced light penetration closer to the inlet. Significant differences were found for zooxanthellae densities and chlorophyll concentrations per zooxanthellae cell between coral species. However, there was no significant difference for chlorophyll concentrations per unit area of coral tissue between species. This suggests that all site locations experience similar conditions despite differences in depth. It also suggests potentially different types of zooxanthellae, which is being addressed by ongoing research.
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Date Issued
2013
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00002679
Format
Document (PDF)
Investigating Coral Bacterial Communities in the Flower Garden Banks
Title
Investigating Coral Bacterial Communities in the Flower Garden Banks.
Creator
Alker, Amanda, Voss, Joshua, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Abstract/Description
Mesophotic reefs have historically been understudied, leading to a dearth of information on the corals that compose these reefs. Recent advancements in technology have enabled researchers to have greater access to reefs at mesophotic depths, generating a greater interest in the microbial communities in both mesophotic and shallow reefs, in order to determine the relative bacterial community differences. Samples of coral mucus from Montastraea cavernosa were collected from Flower Garden Banks...
Show moreMesophotic reefs have historically been understudied, leading to a dearth of information on the corals that compose these reefs. Recent advancements in technology have enabled researchers to have greater access to reefs at mesophotic depths, generating a greater interest in the microbial communities in both mesophotic and shallow reefs, in order to determine the relative bacterial community differences. Samples of coral mucus from Montastraea cavernosa were collected from Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (FGBNMS) in the summer of2010 and 2011. Bacterial community DNA was extracted from the coral mucus and amplified using LH-PCR. Length Heterogeneity PCR is a technique used to amplify the hypervariable Vl and V2 region of the 16s rRNA gene in order to detennine relative base pair length and abundance of microbial connnunities. During the PCR product verification, contamination became apparent in the gel. Through contamination troubleshooting, the source was determined; however, not soon enough to continue with analyzing the samples. This project will be continued in the future in order to add to the mesophotic bacterial community database. The DNA extraction protocol frequently utilized in the laboratory will be modified to increase DNA yields, PCR conditions will be optimized, and the samples will be fully analyzed.
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Date Issued
2013
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00002668
Format
Document (PDF)
Assessment of coral stressors on St. Lucie reef: Florida’s northernmost coral reef
Title
Assessment of coral stressors on St. Lucie reef: Florida’s northernmost coral reef.
Creator
Beal, Jeff, Voss, Joshua, Edge, Sara, Cohen, Lisa
Date Issued
2012-02
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3360203
Subject Headings
Corals Effect of stress on, Corals--Florida, Coral reef ecology
Format
Document (PDF)
Morphometric assessment of connectivity of the shallow-water and mesophotic scleractinian coral Montastraea cavernosa
Title
Morphometric assessment of connectivity of the shallow-water and mesophotic scleractinian coral Montastraea cavernosa.
Creator
Johnston, Samantha Faye, Moore, Jon, Voss, Joshua, Harriet L. Wilkes Honors College
Abstract/Description
Montastraea cavernosa is a widely distributed scleractinian coral found in temperate and tropical waters globally. Because it occurs in both shallow and mesophotic reefs, it is often referred to as a depth generalist. This study examined the morphometics of shallow-water and mesophotic cohorts in various locations in the Gulf of Mexico and used measurements of skeletal characteristics to assess morphological variation. Results from multivariate analyses showed that these characteristics...
Show moreMontastraea cavernosa is a widely distributed scleractinian coral found in temperate and tropical waters globally. Because it occurs in both shallow and mesophotic reefs, it is often referred to as a depth generalist. This study examined the morphometics of shallow-water and mesophotic cohorts in various locations in the Gulf of Mexico and used measurements of skeletal characteristics to assess morphological variation. Results from multivariate analyses showed that these characteristics differed significantly by site, not by depth, though there existed a significant site-depth interaction. Additionally, sites evaluated using a pairwise comparison showed that there were significant morphological variations as well, however among fewer characteristics. Overall resulting showing morphological difference in M. cavernosa suggested that there is morphological acclimation to different depths or separate populations who demonstrate morphological traits may be adaptive for different depths.
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Date Issued
2015
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00003647
Format
Document (PDF)
NOAA CIOERT cruise report: Survey of the pulley ridge mesophotic reef ecosystem
Title
NOAA CIOERT cruise report: Survey of the pulley ridge mesophotic reef ecosystem.
Creator
Reed, John K., Farrington, Stephanie, Pomponi, Shirley A., Hanisak, M. Dennis, Voss, Joshua
Date Issued
2012-02-15
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3360202
Subject Headings
Ocean exploration, Oceanography--Research, Corals Ecology, Deep sea corals
Format
Document (PDF)
NOAA CIOERT Report: Survey of the Pulley Ridge Mesophotic Reef Ecosystem. NOAA Ship Nancy Foster Florida Shelf-Edge Exploration II (FLoSEE) Cruise Leg 1-September 12-19, 2011
Title
NOAA CIOERT Report: Survey of the Pulley Ridge Mesophotic Reef Ecosystem. NOAA Ship Nancy Foster Florida Shelf-Edge Exploration II (FLoSEE) Cruise Leg 1-September 12-19, 2011.
Creator
Reed, John K., Farrington, Stephanie, Pomponi, Shirley A., Hanisak, M. Dennis, Voss, Joshua
Date Issued
2012
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3340535
Subject Headings
United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Cooperative Institute for Ocean Exploration, Research, and Technology (U.S.), Corals Ecology, Pulley Ridge Deep Coral Reef
Format
Document (PDF)
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE AMONG BACTERIA NEAR SEWAGE OUTFALLS IN BERMUDA
Title
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE AMONG BACTERIA NEAR SEWAGE OUTFALLS IN BERMUDA.
Creator
Alker, Amanda, Moore, Jon A., Voss, Joshua D., Florida Atlantic University, Harriet L. Wilkes Honors College
Abstract/Description
Antibiotic resistance among bacteria is a portentous global concern, which threatens the ability of medical professionals to successfully treat bacterial infections. In Bermuda, there is no wastewater treatment plant; therefore, about 4.3x106 L per day of untreated sewage is released into the ocean through two marine outfalls. Water samples were collected from 12 sample sites (outfalls, offshore sites, and onshore beach sites near the outfalls) over 4 sampling events between August and...
Show moreAntibiotic resistance among bacteria is a portentous global concern, which threatens the ability of medical professionals to successfully treat bacterial infections. In Bermuda, there is no wastewater treatment plant; therefore, about 4.3x106 L per day of untreated sewage is released into the ocean through two marine outfalls. Water samples were collected from 12 sample sites (outfalls, offshore sites, and onshore beach sites near the outfalls) over 4 sampling events between August and October, 2013. Water samples were analyzed for the presence of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus sp., and Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotic susceptibility of each purified isolate was tested and classified using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standards. PCR analysis confirmed the presence of at least one methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolate. Documentation of antibiotic resistant bacteria in Bermudian waters supports the need for improved sewage treatment to ensure safe recreational use of these areas.
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Date Issued
2015
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013646
Format
Document (PDF)
CHARACTERIZING THE IMPACTS OF STONY CORAL TISSUE LOSS DISEASE ON CORAL IN SOUTHEAST FLORIDA USING 3D PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Title
CHARACTERIZING THE IMPACTS OF STONY CORAL TISSUE LOSS DISEASE ON CORAL IN SOUTHEAST FLORIDA USING 3D PHOTOGRAMMETRY.
Creator
Combs, Ian R., Voss, Joshua D., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description
Since 2014 stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) has contributed substantially to declines of reef-building corals in Florida. Monthly surveys were conducted throughout the northern Florida reef tract to monitor the spread and impacts of SCTLD on a larger spatial scale. SCTLD disease prevalence was lower in Palm Beach County than in Broward or Martin County, but there were no significant changes in prevalence over time. To assess colony level impacts of the disease, this study optimized a...
Show moreSince 2014 stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) has contributed substantially to declines of reef-building corals in Florida. Monthly surveys were conducted throughout the northern Florida reef tract to monitor the spread and impacts of SCTLD on a larger spatial scale. SCTLD disease prevalence was lower in Palm Beach County than in Broward or Martin County, but there were no significant changes in prevalence over time. To assess colony level impacts of the disease, this study optimized a 3D photogrammetry technique for fate-tracking infected Montastraea cavernosa coral colonies with a low-cost, rapid protocol that measured tissue area over three time points. Total colony area and healthy tissue area decreased significantly over time, while disease area did not significantly vary. Traditional coral surveys combined with the 3D photogrammetry method provide greater insights into the spatial/temporal dynamics and impacts of this disease on individual corals and reef populations than surveys alone.
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Date Issued
2019
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013368
Subject Headings
Photogrammetry, Corals--Diseases, Scleractinia, Montastraea, Corals--Florida
Format
Document (PDF)
Characterization of symbiotic algae, genus Symbiodinium, in corals at St. Lucie reef, Florida
Title
Characterization of symbiotic algae, genus Symbiodinium, in corals at St. Lucie reef, Florida.
Creator
Klepac, Courtney, Voss, Joshua, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
The unique coral reef at St. Lucie Reef (Stuart, FL) persists despite environmental variability from extensive freshwater discharges, summer upwelling, and thermal instability. By examining the symbiotic zooxanthellae, or Symbiodinium, that reside in corals, we can gain insight to coral physiology impacted by local stressors. Two scleractinian corals, Montastraea cavernosa and Pseudodiploria clivosa were sampled over 1.5 years, including both wet and dry seasons. Zooxanthellae were isolated...
Show moreThe unique coral reef at St. Lucie Reef (Stuart, FL) persists despite environmental variability from extensive freshwater discharges, summer upwelling, and thermal instability. By examining the symbiotic zooxanthellae, or Symbiodinium, that reside in corals, we can gain insight to coral physiology impacted by local stressors. Two scleractinian corals, Montastraea cavernosa and Pseudodiploria clivosa were sampled over 1.5 years, including both wet and dry seasons. Zooxanthellae were isolated and quantitatively characterized using standard measurements and molecular techniques. Both coral species varied in zooxanthellae biomass, where Pseudodiploria clivosa had Higher cell densities and chlorophyll concentrations than Montastraea cavernosa. Over time, these parameters varied, but were not significantly altered by fresh water discharge events. Symbiodinium diversity and abundance were identified by ITS2 region amplification and next-generation sequencing .Novel associations between Symbiodinium and each coral explained the observed physiological differences. The symbioses remained stable throughout and could indicate local adaptation for St. Lucie Reef corals.
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Date Issued
2014
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004211
Subject Headings
Adaptation (Biology), Coral reef biology, Coral reef ecology, Marine chemical ecology, St. Lucie Reef (Stuart, Fla.) -- Environmental aspects, St. Lucie River Estuary (Fla.) -- Environmental aspects
Format
Document (PDF)
Coral-Algal Symbioses in Mesophotic Montastraea cavernosa in the Gulf of Mexico
Title
Coral-Algal Symbioses in Mesophotic Montastraea cavernosa in the Gulf of Mexico.
Creator
Polinski, Jennifer, Voss, Joshua, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
Mesophotic reefs represent biodiverse ecosystems that may act as a refuge for depth-generalist coral species threatened in shallow habitats. Despite the importance of coral-algal symbioses, few studies focus on mesophotic zooxanthellae assemblages and their influence on connectivity. This study compared zooxanthellae in Montastraea cavernosa at shallow and mesophotic depths at Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary and McGrail Bank. Mesophotic corals contained more zooxanthellae and...
Show moreMesophotic reefs represent biodiverse ecosystems that may act as a refuge for depth-generalist coral species threatened in shallow habitats. Despite the importance of coral-algal symbioses, few studies focus on mesophotic zooxanthellae assemblages and their influence on connectivity. This study compared zooxanthellae in Montastraea cavernosa at shallow and mesophotic depths at Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary and McGrail Bank. Mesophotic corals contained more zooxanthellae and more chlorophyll a and c2 per unit area coral. Increased zooxanthellae within mesophotic corals may represent an adaptive strategy to optimize light capture in low-light environments. Genetic profiles for zooxanthellae assemblages from shallow and mesophotic corals showed similar diversity across banks and between depths. The dominant sequence making up assemblages was identified as Symbiodinium type C1. Similar assemblage diversity suggests that zooxanthellae assemblages will not limit connectivity potential between shallow and mesophotic corals at these reefs.
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Date Issued
2016
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004665, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004665
Subject Headings
Adaptation (Biology), Coral reef biology, Coral reef ecology -- Research, Coral reefs and islands -- Monitoring, Corals -- Habitat, Marine biodiversity, Marine resources conservation
Format
Document (PDF)
Effects of St. Lucie Estuarine Discharge Water and Thermal Stress on the Coral Montastraea cavernosa
Title
Effects of St. Lucie Estuarine Discharge Water and Thermal Stress on the Coral Montastraea cavernosa.
Creator
Shatters, Alycia, Voss, Joshua, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
Coral reef declines, particularly in coastal zones, have been linked to thermal stress and anthropogenic impacts on water quality. St. Lucie Reef near Stuart, Florida receives increased estuarine efflux as a result of watershed changes and management policies that have substantially altered historic, natural flows. This research used ambient and elevated temperatures (25°C and 30°C, respectively), and offshore versus St. Lucie Estuarine discharge water to investigate the individual and...
Show moreCoral reef declines, particularly in coastal zones, have been linked to thermal stress and anthropogenic impacts on water quality. St. Lucie Reef near Stuart, Florida receives increased estuarine efflux as a result of watershed changes and management policies that have substantially altered historic, natural flows. This research used ambient and elevated temperatures (25°C and 30°C, respectively), and offshore versus St. Lucie Estuarine discharge water to investigate the individual and interactive effects of thermal and water quality stress on Montastraea cavernosa, a dominant scleractinian coral species at St. Lucie Reef. These goals were accomplished using ex-situ, factorial, experimental design that was supplemented with existing in-situ monitoring on St. Lucie Reef. Zooxanthellae density and chlorophyll content were evaluated to determine effects on the corals and their symbionts. Zooxanthellae populations were significantly affected by thermal stress. Significant interactions between temperature and water treatment were observed, suggesting that the impacts of discharge water may be supplanted when corals are exposed to thermal stress. In a supplement to the experiment, M. cavernosa colonies transplanted from Palm Beach to St. Lucie Reef demonstrated resilience despite exposure to more variable environmental conditions. Collaborative partnerships with multiple state agencies and local government offices facilitated data sharing to inform decision making for South Florida’s resource management strategies. Creating effective resource management is crucial for the conservation of coastal ecosystems impacted by land-based sources of pollution both locally and globally.
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Date Issued
2017
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004843, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004843
Subject Headings
Coral declines., Coral reef management., Estuarine pollution., Water--Pollution.
Format
Document (PDF)
Genetic Connectivity and Phenotypic Plasticity of Shallow and Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems in the Gulf of Mexico
Title
Genetic Connectivity and Phenotypic Plasticity of Shallow and Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems in the Gulf of Mexico.
Creator
Studivan, Michael, Voss, Joshua, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
Coral reef ecosystems worldwide are facing increasing degradation due to disease, anthropogenic damage, and climate change, particularly in the Tropical Western Atlantic. Mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) have been recently gaining attention through increased characterization as continuations of shallow reefs below traditional SCUBA depths (>30 m). As MCEs appear to be sheltered from many stressors affecting shallow reefs, MCEs may act as a coral refuge and provide larvae to nearby shallow...
Show moreCoral reef ecosystems worldwide are facing increasing degradation due to disease, anthropogenic damage, and climate change, particularly in the Tropical Western Atlantic. Mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) have been recently gaining attention through increased characterization as continuations of shallow reefs below traditional SCUBA depths (>30 m). As MCEs appear to be sheltered from many stressors affecting shallow reefs, MCEs may act as a coral refuge and provide larvae to nearby shallow reefs. The Deep Reef Refugia Hypothesis (DRRH) posits that shallow and mesophotic reefs may be genetically connected and that some coral species are equally compatible in both habitats. The research presented here addresses key questions that underlie this theory and advances our knowledge of coral connectivity and MCE ecology using the depth-generalist coral Montastraea cavernosa. Chapter 1 presents an overview of the DRRH, a description of MCEs in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM), and the framework of research questions within existing reef management infrastructure in the GOM. Through microsatellite genotyping, Chapter 2 identifies high connectivity among shallow and mesophotic reefs in the northwest GOM and evidence for relative isolation between depth zones in Belize and the southeast GOM. Historical migration and vertical connectivity models estimate Gulf-wide population panmixia. Chapter 3 focuses on population structure within the northwest GOM, identifying a lack of significant population structure. Dominant migration patterns estimate population panmixia, suggesting mesophotic populations currently considered for National Marine Sanctuary protection benefit the Flower Garden Banks. Chapter 4 quantifies the level of morphological variation between shallow and mesophotic M. cavernosa, revealing two distinct morphotypes possibly representing adaptive tradeoffs. Chapter 5 examines the transcriptomic mechanisms behind coral plasticity between depth zones, discovering a consistent response to mesophotic conditions across regions. Additionally, variable plasticity of mesophotic corals resulting from transplantation to shallow depths and potential differences in bleaching resilience between shallow and mesophotic corals are identified. The dissertation concludes with a synthesis of the results as they pertain to connectivity of shallow and mesophotic corals in the Gulf of Mexico and suggests future research that will aid in further understanding of MCE ecology and connectivity.
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Date Issued
2018
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005961
Subject Headings
Coral reef ecology--Mexico, Gulf of, Phenotypic plasticity, Montastraea, Ecological genetics
Format
Document (PDF)
Population Structure and Gene Expression of the Coral Montastraea cavernosa in the Northern Florida Reef Tract
Title
Population Structure and Gene Expression of the Coral Montastraea cavernosa in the Northern Florida Reef Tract.
Creator
Dodge, Danielle, Voss, Joshua, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
Coral reefs on Florida’s Reef Tract (FRT) are susceptible to many anthropogenic influences including controlled freshwater discharges and agricultural runoff as well as high natural environmental variability from seasonal rainfall, runoff and upwelling. To better understand coral population structure and responses to sublethal stressors, populations of the scleractinian coral Montastraea cavernosa in the northern FRT were examined using a combination of genomic and transcriptomic techniques....
Show moreCoral reefs on Florida’s Reef Tract (FRT) are susceptible to many anthropogenic influences including controlled freshwater discharges and agricultural runoff as well as high natural environmental variability from seasonal rainfall, runoff and upwelling. To better understand coral population structure and responses to sublethal stressors, populations of the scleractinian coral Montastraea cavernosa in the northern FRT were examined using a combination of genomic and transcriptomic techniques. Microsatellite genetic markers identified high local retention among sites and a slight southward gene flow. An in-situ temporal gene expression analysis utilizing a tag-based sequencing transcriptomic approach was used to analyze baseline coral health at St. Lucie Reef (SLR), off Stuart, FL. Temporal variation had the greatest influence of differential gene expression among M. cavernosa at SLR. Results will be shared with local resource managers and coupled with a complementary ex-situ experimental trial.
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Date Issued
2017
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005920
Subject Headings
Dissertations, Academic -- Florida Atlantic University, Montastraea, Coral reef ecology--Florida., Corals--Effect of stress on, Gene expression--Analysis.
Format
Document (PDF)
STONY CORAL TISSUE LOSS DISEASE INTERVENTION STRATEGIES FOR MONTASTRAEA CAVERNOSA
Title
STONY CORAL TISSUE LOSS DISEASE INTERVENTION STRATEGIES FOR MONTASTRAEA CAVERNOSA.
Creator
Shilling, Erin N., Voss, Joshua D., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description
Stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) has been spreading throughout Caribbean coral reefs since 2014, heavily impacting scleractinian corals. To mitigate losses, this experiment assessed the effectiveness of two SCTLD intervention treatments in situ. SCTLD-affected Montastraea cavernosa colonies offshore of Broward County were divided into three treatment groups: 1) chlorinated epoxy, 2) Base 2B plus amoxicillin, and 3) untreated controls, plus a fourth group of healthy untreated controls....
Show moreStony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) has been spreading throughout Caribbean coral reefs since 2014, heavily impacting scleractinian corals. To mitigate losses, this experiment assessed the effectiveness of two SCTLD intervention treatments in situ. SCTLD-affected Montastraea cavernosa colonies offshore of Broward County were divided into three treatment groups: 1) chlorinated epoxy, 2) Base 2B plus amoxicillin, and 3) untreated controls, plus a fourth group of healthy untreated controls. These colonies were monitored over 11 months to record SCTLD status, lesion activity, colony mortality, and changes in healthy tissue area with 3D modelling. The Base 2B plus amoxicillin treatment was more effective at halting SCTLD lesions, slowing the rate of tissue loss, and decreasing the overall proportion of tissue lost as compared to chlorinated epoxy or no treatment. However, neither treatment prevented new SCTLD lesions from developing. These findings can enhance the effectiveness of Caribbean management efforts to mitigate SCTLD impacts.
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Date Issued
2020
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013616
Subject Headings
Stony corals, Montastraea, Corals--Diseases
Format
Document (PDF)
POPULATION GENETICS AND ALGAL SYMBIONT COMMUNITIES OF THE CORAL SPECIES MONTASTRAEA CAVERNOSA ON THE BELIZE BARRIER REEF
Title
POPULATION GENETICS AND ALGAL SYMBIONT COMMUNITIES OF THE CORAL SPECIES MONTASTRAEA CAVERNOSA ON THE BELIZE BARRIER REEF.
Creator
Eckert, Ryan J., Voss, Joshua D., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
Coral reefs worldwide are experiencing unprecedented and rapid declines. However, deeper, mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs; 30–150 m) may act as refuges for coral species, providing larvae to recolonize degraded shallow reefs. This study assessed the genetic connectivity of shallow and mesophotic Montastraea cavernosa populations on the Belize Barrier Reef and the community structure of their endosymbiotic algae (Family Symbiodiniaceae) across a fine-scale depth gradient (10, 16, 25, 35 m)....
Show moreCoral reefs worldwide are experiencing unprecedented and rapid declines. However, deeper, mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs; 30–150 m) may act as refuges for coral species, providing larvae to recolonize degraded shallow reefs. This study assessed the genetic connectivity of shallow and mesophotic Montastraea cavernosa populations on the Belize Barrier Reef and the community structure of their endosymbiotic algae (Family Symbiodiniaceae) across a fine-scale depth gradient (10, 16, 25, 35 m). Evaluation of nine polymorphic microsatellite markers demonstrated that relatively shallow (10 and 16 m) M. cavernosa populations were genetically distinct from relatively deep (25 and 35 m) populations. High throughput sequencing of ribosomal coding DNA from Symbiodiniaceae communities of M. cavernosa revealed differences in community structure across depth, with shallow-specialist and depth-generalist community profiles. This research provides important information for the management of distinct deep and adds to the body of research on the understudied MCEs of the Mesoamerican Reef.
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Date Issued
2019
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013302
Subject Headings
Montastraea, Coral reefs and islands--Belize, Mesoamerican Reef, Population genetics, Symbiosis
Format
Document (PDF)
STONY CORAL TISSUE LOSS DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY AND RESISTANCE: GENOMIC FACTORS AMONG ORBICELLA FAVEOLATA CORALS IN SOUTH FLORIDA
Title
STONY CORAL TISSUE LOSS DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY AND RESISTANCE: GENOMIC FACTORS AMONG ORBICELLA FAVEOLATA CORALS IN SOUTH FLORIDA.
Creator
Klein, Allison M., Voss, Joshua D., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description
Stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) has spread throughout the entirety of Florida’s Coral Reef (FCR) and across the Caribbean, impacting over 50 coral species. The threatened hermatypic coral, Orbicella faveolata, demonstrates intraspecific variation in SCTLD resistance and has been categorized into three resistance levels: “High”, “Medium”, and “Low”. This study evaluated potential genomic underpinnings of variable disease susceptibility by monitoring and sampling 90 O. faveolata...
Show moreStony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) has spread throughout the entirety of Florida’s Coral Reef (FCR) and across the Caribbean, impacting over 50 coral species. The threatened hermatypic coral, Orbicella faveolata, demonstrates intraspecific variation in SCTLD resistance and has been categorized into three resistance levels: “High”, “Medium”, and “Low”. This study evaluated potential genomic underpinnings of variable disease susceptibility by monitoring and sampling 90 O. faveolata colonies from Southeast Florida and the Lower Keys. High resolution analyses of >11,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms identified no significant genetic lineages among O. faveolata colonies associated with SCTLD resistance or susceptibility. Algal symbiont community analysis revealed that Durusdinium was present in greater abundances in SCTLD-affected colonies compared to the “High” resistance group, suggesting that algal symbiont community structure may play a role in SCTLD resistance. Data generated by this research will be combined with complementary approaches to further investigate the complex drivers of SCTLD resilience.
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Date Issued
2022
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013996
Subject Headings
Corals--Diseases, Scleractinia, Intraspecific variation
Format
Document (PDF)
SCLERACTINIAN CORAL COMMUNITY DEMOGRAPHICS AND RECRUITMENT PATTERNS IN SOUTHEAST FLORIDA
Title
SCLERACTINIAN CORAL COMMUNITY DEMOGRAPHICS AND RECRUITMENT PATTERNS IN SOUTHEAST FLORIDA.
Creator
Haymaker, Caroline, Voss, Joshua D., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description
Quantifying and understanding coral community dynamics, including recruitment, is critical for developing effective ecosystem management strategies, particularly in areas that have experienced significant coral losses such as Southeast Florida’s Kristin Jacobs Coral Reef Ecosystem Conservation Area. While several federal, state, and regional efforts effectively track annual changes in juvenile and adult coral colonies, few coral reef monitoring programs are designed to track new coral...
Show moreQuantifying and understanding coral community dynamics, including recruitment, is critical for developing effective ecosystem management strategies, particularly in areas that have experienced significant coral losses such as Southeast Florida’s Kristin Jacobs Coral Reef Ecosystem Conservation Area. While several federal, state, and regional efforts effectively track annual changes in juvenile and adult coral colonies, few coral reef monitoring programs are designed to track new coral recruitment. This study’s aims were to assess potential differences in community composition of adult and recruit stony corals in southeast Florida using phototransects, and to test the efficacy of eDNA approaches for monitoring coral recruitment. Replicate phototransects demonstrated significant differences in recruit density and community composition across sites. This photogrammetry approach was more applicable than eDNA and indicates that site specific management and restoration strategies in a regional context may be warranted for the study area.
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Date Issued
2022
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013946
Subject Headings
Corals--Florida, Scleractinia, Coral communities, Photogrammetry
Format
Document (PDF)

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