Current Search:  Lewkowicz, David J. (x)

View All Items

  • CSV Spreadsheet
(1 - 7 of 7)
Look at my mouth when I’m talking: developmental shift in infant attention away from the eyes to the mouth of a talking face
Title
Look at my mouth when I’m talking: developmental shift in infant attention away from the eyes to the mouth of a talking face.
Creator
Hansen, Amy, Lewkowicz, David J., Minar, Nicholas J., Graduate College
Date Issued
2011-04-08
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3164539
Subject Headings
Body language, Infant psychology, Nonverbal communication in infants
Format
Document (PDF)
The effect of face-voice synchrony on infant allocation of visual attention
Title
The effect of face-voice synchrony on infant allocation of visual attention.
Creator
Minar, Nicholas J., Hansen, Amy, Lewkowicz, David J., Graduate College
Date Issued
2011-04-08
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3165808
Subject Headings
Speech perception, Language acquisition, Prosodic analysis (Linguistics)
Format
Document (PDF)
Is Infant Learning of Non-Adjacent Sequential Relations a Domain-General Ability and When Does It Emerge?
Title
Is Infant Learning of Non-Adjacent Sequential Relations a Domain-General Ability and When Does It Emerge?.
Creator
Minar, Nicholas J., Lewkowicz, David J., Graduate College
Abstract/Description
Non-adjacent statistical relations are an important class of sequential structure because they aid in the acquisition of syntax and, thus, language. Previous work has demonstrated that 15-month-old infants are sensitive to distant sequential relations but that these types of relations are difficult to learn. Importantly, it is not known whether the ability to learn non-adjacent statistical relations is based on a domain-specific or domain-general pattern-learning mechanism. We examined the...
Show moreNon-adjacent statistical relations are an important class of sequential structure because they aid in the acquisition of syntax and, thus, language. Previous work has demonstrated that 15-month-old infants are sensitive to distant sequential relations but that these types of relations are difficult to learn. Importantly, it is not known whether the ability to learn non-adjacent statistical relations is based on a domain-specific or domain-general pattern-learning mechanism. We examined the domain-generality of this ability in separate groups of 10- and 12-month-old infants in two experiments utilizing the habituation/test procedure.

Experiment 1 habituated infants to sequences of five moving/sounding arbitrary shapes and sounds. The sequences contained two target elements that were always separated by a non-target element. Results indicated that neither age group displayed response recovery when the target elements were switched. Experiment 2 simplified the task by using sequences that were three elements in length e.g., ABC and DBE. During the test trials, the last element from the two unique pairings was again switched e.g., ABE and DBC. Results indicated that only the 12-month-olds detected a change in the sequence [t 48 1.76, p 0.05].

These results indicate that infants’ sensitivity to multisensory non-adjacent statistical dependencies is limited to simple 3 element sequences rather than complex 5 element sequences. Our findings also indicate that infants as young as 12 months of age can learn non-adjacent sequential relations embedded within arbitrary audiovisual sequences, suggesting that this critical ability is domain-general in nature.

Show less
Date Issued
2014
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005159
Format
Document (PDF)
Mouth Motion and Growing Interest in Speech Drives the Developmental Shift in Infant Attention to the Mouth of a Talking Face
Title
Mouth Motion and Growing Interest in Speech Drives the Developmental Shift in Infant Attention to the Mouth of a Talking Face.
Creator
Tift, Amy H., Minar, Nicholas J., Lewkowicz, David J., Graduate College
Abstract/Description
Lewkowicz & Hansen-Tift found that when 4-month-old infants see and hear a person talking, they look more at her eyes but that 8- and 10-mo infants look more at her mouth. The developmental attentional shift to the mouth reflects infants’ growing interest in speech. Attention to the mouth enables infants to gain access to redundant and maximally salient audiovisual cues which then facilitate speech and language acquisition. We investigated the separate role of mouth movement and vocalization...
Show moreLewkowicz & Hansen-Tift found that when 4-month-old infants see and hear a person talking, they look more at her eyes but that 8- and 10-mo infants look more at her mouth. The developmental attentional shift to the mouth reflects infants’ growing interest in speech. Attention to the mouth enables infants to gain access to redundant and maximally salient audiovisual cues which then facilitate speech and language acquisition. We investigated the separate role of mouth movement and vocalization cues in the attentional shift from a talker’s eyes to the talker’s mouth. In 3 experiments, we used an eye-tracker to measure the proportion of attention infants, 4-, 8-, and 10-mo, allocate to the eyes and mouth of a static/silent face, a static/talking face, and a silently talking face. We found that when infants see a static person, they attend to the eyes. Lewkowicz & Hansen-Tift found that when infants see and hear a person talking, 4-mos look at the eyes whereas 8- and 10-mos look at the mouth. When infants see a silently talking person, only 10-mos look at the mouth. These findings demonstrate that the shift from the eyes to the mouth is mediated by three factors: dynamic visual speech cues, an emerging interest in speech, and the redundancy of audiovisual speech. Thus, younger infants are not interested in speech so they focus on the eyes, whereas older infants become interested in speech, shifting their focus to the mouth, but initially at 8 m, this shift requires that speech be multisensory.
Show less
Date Issued
2014
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005857
Format
Document (PDF)
The role of voice and motion in the developmental shift in infant attention to the mouth of a talking face
Title
The role of voice and motion in the developmental shift in infant attention to the mouth of a talking face.
Creator
Tift, Amy H., Minar, Nicholas J., Lewkowicz, David J., Graduate College
Date Issued
2013-04-12
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3361365
Subject Headings
Infants, Attention
Format
Document (PDF)
Categorical congruence facilitates multisensory associative learning
Title
Categorical congruence facilitates multisensory associative learning.
Creator
Barenholtz, Elan, Lewkowicz, David J., Davidson, Meredith, Mavica, Lauren
Date Issued
2014-10-27
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/flvc_fau_islandoraimporter_10.3758_s13423-014-0612-7_1631806039
Format
Citation
Response to Audiovisual Nonnative Phonemic Contrasts Does Not Decline in Infancy
Title
Response to Audiovisual Nonnative Phonemic Contrasts Does Not Decline in Infancy.
Creator
Sowinski, Ryan C., Lewkowicz, David J., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description
Previous research has demonstrated that sensitivity to unimodal nonnative speech contrasts generally narrows during the first year. Although other work has demonstrated a processing advantage for multimodal stimuli, research on infants' responsiveness to nonnative contrasts so far has not examined whether concurrent auditory and visual speech information can modulate perceptual narrowing. Thus, the current study investigated the influence ofbimodally specified speech sounds on infants'...
Show morePrevious research has demonstrated that sensitivity to unimodal nonnative speech contrasts generally narrows during the first year. Although other work has demonstrated a processing advantage for multimodal stimuli, research on infants' responsiveness to nonnative contrasts so far has not examined whether concurrent auditory and visual speech information can modulate perceptual narrowing. Thus, the current study investigated the influence ofbimodally specified speech sounds on infants' sensitivity to a nonnative phonemic contrast. Six-month-old and 10- to 12-month-old infants were tested in a habituation/test procedure for discrimination of an audiovisual nonnative speech contrast (Hindi /tal dental vs. /Tal retroflex stop). Findings showed that infants at both ages exhibited evidence of discrimination following habituation to one of the speech sounds. These findings suggest that the usually observed decline in responsiveness to nonnative speech contrasts is limited to audibly specified contrasts and that concurrent visual speech information enhances the discriminability of such contrasts.
Show less
Date Issued
2007
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000835
Subject Headings
Language acquisition, Speech perception, Perceptual learning, Psycholinguistics, Phonetics--Research
Format
Document (PDF)