Current Search: Williams, Christine L. (x)
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(1 - 8 of 8)
- Title
- Couples communication in dementia.
- Creator
- Williams, Christine L.
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3183257
- Subject Headings
- Adaptation, Psychological, Caregivers, Caregivers/education, Communication, Dementia
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Development and testing of a measure of Alzheimer’s disease knowledge in a rural Appalachian community.
- Creator
- Weise, Lisa K., Williams, Christine L., Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing
- Abstract/Description
-
Rural West Virginia has a very high percentage of older adults. The age-related disease of Alzheimer’s threatens the health of older Appalachians, yet research on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in this population is scarce. In order to improve screening rates for cognitive impairment, Appalachians need to understand their vulnerability. The first step would be to assess their knowledge about AD but a suitable AD knowledge test has not been developed. The purpose of this study was to test the...
Show moreRural West Virginia has a very high percentage of older adults. The age-related disease of Alzheimer’s threatens the health of older Appalachians, yet research on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in this population is scarce. In order to improve screening rates for cognitive impairment, Appalachians need to understand their vulnerability. The first step would be to assess their knowledge about AD but a suitable AD knowledge test has not been developed. The purpose of this study was to test the reliability and validity of a new measure of knowledge about AD that is culturally congruent, and to examine factors that may predict AD knowledge in this rural population. A correlational descriptive study was conducted with 240 participants from four samples of older adults in south central rural Appalachian West Virginia using surveys and face-to-face interviews. Results from tests for stability, reliability including Rasch modeling, discrimination and point biserial indices, and concurrent, divergent, and construct validity were favorable. Findings were that although more diversity in test item difficulty is needed, the test discriminated well between persons with higher and lower levels of education [F(2, 226) = 170.51, p = .001]. Using multiple regression, the predictors of AD knowledge included caregiver status, miles from a healthcare provider, gender, and education; (R2=.05, F(4,187) = 2.65, p =. 04). Only years of education accounted for a significant proportion of unique variance in predicting the total BKAD score (t = 2.14, p =. 03). Implications include the need for further tool refinement, testing for health literacy, coordination with recent statewide efforts to educate the public regarding AD, and community based participatory research in designing culturally effective education programs that will ultimately increase screening and detection of Alzheimer’s disease in rural populations.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA0004074
- Subject Headings
- Alzheimer's disease -- Diagnosis -- Social aspects, Alzheimer's disease -- Research -- Methodology, Health literacy -- West Virginia -- Appalachian Region, Southern, West Virginia -- Appalachian Region, Southern -- Social aspects
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Perceived discrimination of Muslims in health care in the United States.
- Creator
- Martin, Mary Brigid, Williams, Christine L., Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing
- Abstract/Description
-
Discrimination is not only a human and civil rights offense, but also a detrimental influence on the health outcomes of affected populations. The Muslim population in the United States is a growing religious minority increasingly encountered by health care professionals in the clinical setting. This group has been subject to heightened discrimination since the tragic events of September 11, 2001 and often is misunderstood within the context of American society today. While research has been...
Show moreDiscrimination is not only a human and civil rights offense, but also a detrimental influence on the health outcomes of affected populations. The Muslim population in the United States is a growing religious minority increasingly encountered by health care professionals in the clinical setting. This group has been subject to heightened discrimination since the tragic events of September 11, 2001 and often is misunderstood within the context of American society today. While research has been conducted on discrimination against Muslims in the employment and educational segments of society, more studies are needed which quantify the extent and type of discrimination faced by this group in the health care setting. This inquiry focused on the crossover of anti-Muslim discrimination from society to the health care setting. A newly developed tool to measure anti-Muslim discrimination in health care and an established perceived discrimination scale were used to create the questionnaire employed in this investigation. The items of this newly created tool addressed culturally congruent care practices based on the principles of cultural safety within the nurse-patient relationship and the cultural care beliefs of the Muslim patient/family to ascertain discriminatory occurrences in the health care setting. Ray’s (2010) transcultural caring dynamics in nursing and health care model served as a framework for this quantitative, univariate, descriptive, cross-sectional design. Findings revealed that nearly one-third of Muslim subjects perceived they were discriminated against in the health care setting in the United States. Being excluded or ignored was the most frequently conveyed type of discrimination, followed by problems related to the use of Muslim clothing; offensive or insensitive verbal remarks; and problems related to Islamic holidays, prayer rituals, and physical assault, respectively. Age was positively correlated with perceived anti-Muslim discrimination in society. Education was negatively correlated with perceived discrimination in both society and the health care setting. Findings revealed that three out of five of those surveyed reported that they wear Muslim clothing; the most frequently reported of which was the hijab, the most popular Muslim garment reported to be worn. Participants who wore Muslim clothing, especially females, reported more anti-Muslim discrimination than those who did not. Scores for self-reported perceived anti-Muslim discrimination were found to be higher after the Boston Marathon bombings, April 15, 2013, an act perpetrated by Muslims, which occurred during the time of data collection. The number one Muslim care preference reported was same sex caregiver followed by respect for modesty, prayer rituals, respect for privacy, family involvement in care, and dietary concerns. Implications for practice, policy, education, political science, and recommendations for further research are discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA0004036
- Subject Headings
- Discrimination -- United States, Discrimination in medical care, Health services accessibility, Minorities -- Health and hygiene, Muslims -- Public opinion
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Exploring the Risk Factors for Schizophrenia in Afro-Caribbeans in the United States: A Meta-Synthesis.
- Creator
- Gall-Ojurongbe, Sandra, Williams, Christine L., Graduate College
- Abstract/Description
-
Aim: This meta-synthesis explores the potential for schizophrenia in at risk Afro-Caribbeans living in the United States U.S. Background: African Americans are diagnosed with schizophrenia 9 to 32 more than Caucasians. However, this percentage does not distinguish the percentage of schizophrenia in Afro- Caribbeans from the Afro-Caribbean population. Extensive studies conducted in the United Kingdom U.K. reported higher rates of schizophrenia in Caribbean Blacks in Britain when compared to...
Show moreAim: This meta-synthesis explores the potential for schizophrenia in at risk Afro-Caribbeans living in the United States U.S. Background: African Americans are diagnosed with schizophrenia 9 to 32 more than Caucasians. However, this percentage does not distinguish the percentage of schizophrenia in Afro- Caribbeans from the Afro-Caribbean population. Extensive studies conducted in the United Kingdom U.K. reported higher rates of schizophrenia in Caribbean Blacks in Britain when compared to White British citizens. However, there is a paucity of information about schizophrenia in Caribbean Blacks living in the U.S. Method: A review of literature conducted between 1990 and 2014, using a qualitative approach, identified four journal articles; the results of which were analyzed with the aid of NVivo software, using thematic synthesis. Results: The analysis identified six themes; racism and drug use were themes consistent with those identified in some of the primary studies. However, four new themes emerged: Effects of migration; disintegration of family; powerlessness and a rush to diagnose; all were acknowledged as significant factors that may have contributed to the onset of schizophrenia.Discussion: The themes unveiled by this review exposed a number of complex sociopolitical and economic factors that can possibly potentiate schizophrenia. However, these studies were the experiences of Afro-Caribbeans in the U.K. There is a great need for research in the U.S. to further explore the risk factors for schizophrenia in Afro- Caribbean communities.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005911
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Voices of couples affected by Alzheimer's disease.
- Creator
- Bonorandi, Andrea, Williams, Christine L.
- Date Issued
- 2013-04-05
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3361072
- Subject Headings
- Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer's disease--Family relationships, Communication
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- An Examination of the Demographic, Social, and Environmental Predictors of Risk for Schizophrenia in Afro-Caribbean Immigrants Living in the United States.
- Creator
- Gall-Ojurongbe, Sandra, Williams, Christine L., Florida Atlantic University, Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing
- Abstract/Description
-
The pioneering work of Ödegaard (1932) was the first to link migration and schizophrenia by reporting rates in Norwegian immigrants in Minnesota as twice that of native Minnesotans and of Norwegians in Norway. However, only in recent decades has an interest in migration and schizophrenia been rekindled as a result of reports of elevated rates of schizophrenia in Afro-Caribbean immigrants in the United Kingdom in the mid- 1960s (Hutchinson & Haasen, 2004). Later studies reported elevated rates...
Show moreThe pioneering work of Ödegaard (1932) was the first to link migration and schizophrenia by reporting rates in Norwegian immigrants in Minnesota as twice that of native Minnesotans and of Norwegians in Norway. However, only in recent decades has an interest in migration and schizophrenia been rekindled as a result of reports of elevated rates of schizophrenia in Afro-Caribbean immigrants in the United Kingdom in the mid- 1960s (Hutchinson & Haasen, 2004). Later studies reported elevated rates in secondgeneration Afro-Caribbean immigrants compared to first-generation (Harrison, Owens, Holton, Neilson, & Boot, 1988). In the United States, Blacks were diagnosed with schizophrenia 2.4 times more often than Whites (Olbert, Nagendra, & Buck, 2018). However, mental health researchers in the United States generally combine all individuals of African descent as African- Americans. This practice obscures the nuances of culture and ethnicity within the Black subgroups as well as the immigrant status of Afro-Caribbeans. This research focused on the Afro-Caribbean immigrants and factors that predict risk for schizophrenia within this population. The process of migration is a complex enterprise that produces stressors and challenges, the effects of which are multifaceted. The social and environmental forces that parallel the process of migration may predispose individuals to severe psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Socio-political dynamics in the host country that marginalize others of different cultural and/or racial persuasions can compound the negative effects of post-migration. Therefore, migration is considered a social determinant of health. Empirical evidence has substantiated that socio-environmental factors such as urbanicity, discrimination or socio-economic deprivation, social support, and goal striving stress are potential contributing factors to the development of psychotic disorders in immigrants. Moreover, evidence has supported that the darker the skin color of the immigrant the greater the risk (Cantor-Graae, 2007). The findings of this study confirmed that for Afro-Caribbean immigrants stressors in the post-migration phase such as discrimination, limited social support, and economic hardship that can be compounded by the number of dependent children were identified as possible predictors of risk for schizophrenia. This risk increased with length of residency and continued into the second-generation.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2018
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013003
- Subject Headings
- Schizophrenia--Risk factors, Migration, African-Carribbean
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The Effect of a Culturally Relevant Cardiovascular Health Promotion Program on Rural African Americans.
- Creator
- Abbott, Laurie S., Williams, Christine L., Florida Atlantic University, Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing
- Abstract/Description
-
Health disparities among rural African Americans include disproportionately higher morbidity and mortality rates associated with cardiovascular disease. Interventions designed to decrease cardiovascular risk can potentially improve health outcomes among rural, underserved communities. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of a cardiovascular health promotion intervention among rural African Americans. An experimental study randomized by church clusters was done in two rural...
Show moreHealth disparities among rural African Americans include disproportionately higher morbidity and mortality rates associated with cardiovascular disease. Interventions designed to decrease cardiovascular risk can potentially improve health outcomes among rural, underserved communities. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of a cardiovascular health promotion intervention among rural African Americans. An experimental study randomized by church clusters was done in two rural counties in northern Florida. A total of 229 participants, 114 in the intervention group and 115 in the control group, were recruited from twelve rural African American churches. The pretest-posttest design included instruments chosen to measure cardiovascular health habits and knowledge as well as changes in produce consumption, dietary fat intake, and exercise using the major components of the Integrated Model of Behavioral Prediction: intentions, norms, attitudes, and self-efficacy. Linear mixed model was the statistical test used to detect the program effects. Participants who received the intervention had significant increases in scores for the cardiovascular health habits (p < .01) and health knowledge (p < .01) variables compared with the control group. There were also significant group differences regarding intentions to increase produce consumption (p < .01) and reduce dietary fat intake (p < .01). The cardiovascular health program was associated with other statistically significant results including produce consumption attitudes (p = .01) and norms (p < .01), dietary fat attitudes (p = .04) and norms (p < .01), and exercise attitudes (p < .01). There were also significant results found for perceived behavioral control/self-efficacy regarding increasing produce consumption (p < .01), reducing dietary fat intake (p = .03), and increasing exercise (p = .01). Compared to the control group, the cardiovascular health promotion intervention was effective in fostering positive health effects for most of the variables measured. The findings supported the theoretical framework used for guiding the study, the Integrative Model of Behavioral Prediction Nurse-led health promotion interventions within church settings can be effective means for reducing overall cardiovascular risk and health disparities among rural African American populations.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004475
- Subject Headings
- African Americans -- Health and hygiene, African Americans -- Health services accessibility, African Americans -- Health services accessibility, Cultural awareness -- United States, Discrimination in medical care, Health status indicators -- United States
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Basic knowledge of Alzheimer’s disease in rural populations.
- Creator
- Wiese, Lisa Kirk, Williams, Christine L., Tappen, Ruth M., Graduate College
- Date Issued
- 2013-04-12
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3361371
- Subject Headings
- Alzheimer's disease, Rural population
- Format
- Document (PDF)
