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(1 - 6 of 6)
- Title
- Variability of Winter-Spring Bloom Phaeocystis pouchetii Abundance in Massachusetts Bay.
- Creator
- David G. Borkman, P. Scott Libby, Michael J. Mickelson, Jefferson T. Turner, Mingshun Jiang
- Abstract/Description
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Abundance of the prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis pouchetii was quantified via light microscopy at 2-week to monthly intervals in Massachusetts Bay (southern Gulf of Maine, NW Atlantic) during 1992–2012. Variability in the abundance and seasonal cycle of Phaeocystis are described and synoptic hydrographic, nutrient, and meteorological data were analyzed to identify factors that may influence Phaeocystis abundance. The maximum Phaeocystis abundance was 14 × 106 cells L−1 (10 Apr 2008). It was...
Show moreAbundance of the prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis pouchetii was quantified via light microscopy at 2-week to monthly intervals in Massachusetts Bay (southern Gulf of Maine, NW Atlantic) during 1992–2012. Variability in the abundance and seasonal cycle of Phaeocystis are described and synoptic hydrographic, nutrient, and meteorological data were analyzed to identify factors that may influence Phaeocystis abundance. The maximum Phaeocystis abundance was 14 × 106 cells L−1 (10 Apr 2008). It was frequently (5 of 8 years) absent prior to year 2000, but not thereafter. Seasonally, it first appeared in February to early March, reached peak abundance in mid-April, and persisted until May or early June for a duration of 0–112 days (mean 34 days). A long-term alternation between Phaeocystis and centric diatom abundance was apparent, suggesting winter-spring selection of either Phaeocystis or centric diatoms. Phytoplankton community analysis suggested that blooms affected the rest of the phytoplankton community. Phaeocystis blooms were manifest as a substantial increase in particulate nutrients above normal levels. Phaeocystis blooms were preceded in February by a slightly elevated concentration of NO3 (9.3 vs. 6.5 μM when absent) and PO4 (0.99 vs. 0.79 μM when absent). Blooms were also preceded by elevated ratios of NO3/PO4, NO3/Si, and PO4/Si, and warmer, saltier waters reflecting reduced river discharge. The correlation with salinity and river discharge suggests that Phaeocystis bloom variability is partially determined by annually varying circulation processes that determine the degree of low nutrient, low salinity coastal water intrusion into Massachusetts Bay.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FAUIR000519
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Adaptive Decentralized Control of Mobile Underwater Sensor Networks and Robots for Modeling Underwater Phenomena.
- Creator
- Carrick Detweiler, Sreeja Banerjee, Marek Doniec, Mingshun Jiang, Francesco Peri, Robert F. Chen, Daniela Rus
- Abstract/Description
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Understanding the dynamics of bodies of water and their impact on the global environment requires sensing information over the full volume of water. In this article, we develop a gradient-based decentralized controller that dynamically adjusts the depth of a network of underwater sensors to optimize sensing for computing maximally detailed volumetric models. We prove that the controller converges to a local minimum and show how the controller can be extended to work with hybrid robot and...
Show moreUnderstanding the dynamics of bodies of water and their impact on the global environment requires sensing information over the full volume of water. In this article, we develop a gradient-based decentralized controller that dynamically adjusts the depth of a network of underwater sensors to optimize sensing for computing maximally detailed volumetric models. We prove that the controller converges to a local minimum and show how the controller can be extended to work with hybrid robot and sensor network systems. We implement the controller on an underwater sensor network with depth adjustment capabilities. Through simulations and in-situ experiments, we verify the functionality and performance of the system and algorithm.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FAUIR000520
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- A Modeling Study on The Effects of Seagrass Beds on the Hydrodynamics in the Indian River Lagoon.
- Creator
- Habib, MD Ahsan, Jiang, Mingshun, Florida Atlantic University, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering
- Abstract/Description
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Seagrass is a key stone component for the Indian River Lagoon (IRL) ecosystem, and therefore it is an important topic for many studies in the lagoon. This study focuses on the effects of seagrass beds on the hydrodynamics in the IRL. A hydrodynamic model based on the Delft3D modeling system has been developed for the southern IRL including the St. Lucie estuary, Ft. Pierce and St. Lucie Inlets, and adjacent coastal waters. The model is driven by freshwater inputs from the watershed, tides,...
Show moreSeagrass is a key stone component for the Indian River Lagoon (IRL) ecosystem, and therefore it is an important topic for many studies in the lagoon. This study focuses on the effects of seagrass beds on the hydrodynamics in the IRL. A hydrodynamic model based on the Delft3D modeling system has been developed for the southern IRL including the St. Lucie estuary, Ft. Pierce and St. Lucie Inlets, and adjacent coastal waters. The model is driven by freshwater inputs from the watershed, tides, meteorological forcing, and oceanic boundary forcing. The model has been systematically calibrated through a series of numerical experiments for key parameters, particularly the bottom roughness, and configuration including heat flux formulation and bottom bathymetry. The model skills were evaluated with quantitative metrics (point-to-point correlation, root-mean-square difference, and mean bias) to gauge the agreements between model and data for key variables including temperature, salinity, and currents. A three-year (2013-2015) simulation has been performed, and the results have been validated with available data including observations at HBOI Land-Ocean Biogeochemistry Observatory (LOBO) stations and in situ measurements from various sources. The validated model is then used to investigate the effects of 1) model vertical resolution (total number of model vertical layers), 2) spatial variability of surface winds, and 3) seagrass beds on the simulated hydrodynamics. The study focuses on the vicinity of Ft. Pierce Inlet, where significant seagrass coverage can be found. A series of numerical experiments were performed with a combination of different configurations. Overall, the experiment with 2-dimensional (2-D) winds, ten vertical layers and incorporating seagrass provided the most satisfactory outcomes. Overall, both vertical resolution and spatial variability of surface winds affect significantly the model results. In particular, increasing vertical resolution improves model prediction of temperature, salinity and currents. Similarly, the model with 2-D winds yields more realistic results than the model forced by 0-D winds. The seagrass beds have significant effects on the model results, particularly the tidal and sub-tidal currents. In general, model results show that both tidal and sub-tidal currents are much weaker due to increase bottom friction from seagrass. For tidal currents, the strongest impacts lie in the main channel (inter-coastal waterway) and western part of the lagoon, where strong tidal currents can be found. Inclusion of seagrass in the model also improves the simulation of sub-tidal currents. Seagrass beds also affect model temperature and salinity including strengthening vertical stratification. In general, seagrass effects vary over time, particularly tidal cycle with stronger effects seen in flood and ebb tides, and seasonal cycle with stronger effects in the summer than in winter.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004774, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004774
- Subject Headings
- Turtle grass--Environmental aspects., Seagrasses--Ecology., Grassed waterways., Wave resistance (Hydrodynamics), Wetland ecology., Estuarine ecology., Estuarine restoration., Coastal zone management.
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Trace element bioaccumulation, tissue distribution, and elimination in odontocetes stranded in Florida and Georgia, USA over a 15-year period (2007–2021).
- Creator
- Annie Page, Clara Hay, Wendy Marks, Baylin Bennett, Matthew O. Gribble, Wendy Noke Durden, Megan Stolen, Teresa Jablonski, Nadia Gordon, Trip Kolkmeyer, Mingshun Jiang, Nicole Pegg, Hunter Brown, Steve Burton
- Abstract/Description
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Odontocetes obtain nutrients including essential elements through their diet and are exposed to heavy metal contaminants via ingestion of contaminated prey. We evaluated the prevalence, concentration, and tissue distribution of essential and non-essential trace elements, including heavy metal toxicants, in tissue (blubber, kidney, liver, skeletal muscle, skin) and fecal samples collected from 90 odontocetes, representing nine species, that stranded in Georgia and Florida, USA during 2007–2021...
Show moreOdontocetes obtain nutrients including essential elements through their diet and are exposed to heavy metal contaminants via ingestion of contaminated prey. We evaluated the prevalence, concentration, and tissue distribution of essential and non-essential trace elements, including heavy metal toxicants, in tissue (blubber, kidney, liver, skeletal muscle, skin) and fecal samples collected from 90 odontocetes, representing nine species, that stranded in Georgia and Florida, USA during 2007–2021. Samples were analyzed for concentrations of seven essential (cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, zinc) and five non-essential (arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury, thallium) elemental analytes using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Risso’s dolphins (Grampus griseus) and short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) had the highest median concentrations of mercury, cadmium, and lead, while dwarf sperm whales (Kogia sima) had the lowest. Adult pygmy and dwarf sperm whales that stranded in 2019–2021 had higher concentrations of arsenic, copper, iron, lead, manganese, selenium, thallium, and zinc compared to those that stranded in 2010–2018, suggesting an increasing risk of exposure over time. The highest concentrations of many elements (e.g., cadmium, cobalt, copper, manganese, molybdenum, thallium, zinc) were in fecal samples, illustrating the usefulness of this noninvasively collected sample. Aside from fecal samples, hepatic tissues had the highest concentrations of iron, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, and selenium in most species; renal tissues had the highest concentrations of cadmium; skin had the highest concentrations of zinc; and copper, arsenic, and lead concentrations were primarily distributed among the liver and kidneys. Phylogenetic differences in patterns of trace element concentrations likely reflect species-specific differences in diet, trophic level, and feeding strategies, while heterogeneous distributions of elemental analytes among different organ types reflect differences in elemental biotransformation, elimination, and storage. This study illustrates the importance of monitoring toxic contaminants in stranded odontocetes, which serve as important sentinels of environmental contamination, and whose health may be linked to human health.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2024
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FAUIR000546
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Cruise Report. Cuba's Twilight Zone Reefs: Remotely Operated Vehicle Surveys of Deep/Mesophotic Coral Reefs and Associated Fish Communities of Cuba.
- Creator
- Reed, John K., Farrington, Stephanie, Gonzalez-Diaz, Patricia, Lopez, Linnet Busutil, Martínez-Daranas, Beatriz, Cobián Rojas, Dorka, Voss, Joshua, Hanisak, M. Dennis, Diaz, Maria Cristina, Jiang, Mingshun, Studivan, Michael, David, Andrew, Drummond, Felicia, Mendez, Juliett Gonzalez, Garcia Rodriguez, Alain, González-Sanchez, Patricia M., Fernández, Jorge Viamontes, Pérez, Daniel Estrada, Horn, Lance, White, Jason, Pomponi, Shirley A.
- Abstract/Description
-
The purpose of this research cruise was to discover and characterize, for the first time, the extent of mesophotic reefs along the entire coastline of Cuba, and to compare the health and connectivity (physical, genetic and ecological) among both mesophotic and previously well-characterized shallow reef systems in Cuba, the southeastern United States, and Gulf of Mexico (in particular, the FGBNMS and FKNMS). Moreover, the project will directly address a recommendation in the Report from...
Show moreThe purpose of this research cruise was to discover and characterize, for the first time, the extent of mesophotic reefs along the entire coastline of Cuba, and to compare the health and connectivity (physical, genetic and ecological) among both mesophotic and previously well-characterized shallow reef systems in Cuba, the southeastern United States, and Gulf of Mexico (in particular, the FGBNMS and FKNMS). Moreover, the project will directly address a recommendation in the Report from MarCuba (2015) in which the U.S. and Cuban participants in this project stated their intention to initiate an international collaboration.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017-10-31
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FAUIR000226
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- Cuba's Mesophotic Coral Reefs and Associated Fish Communities.
- Creator
- Reed, John K., Gonzalez-Diaz, Patricia, Busutil, Linnet, Farrington, Stephanie, Martínez-Daranas, Beatriz, Cobián Rojas, Dorka, Voss, Joshua, Diaz, Maria Cristina, David, Andrew, Hanisak, M. Dennis, Mendez, Juliett Gonzalez, Garcia Rodriguez, Alain, González-Sanchez, Patricia M., Viamontes Fernandez, Jorge, Estrada Perez, Daniel, Studivan, Michael, Drummond, Felicia, Jiang, Mingshun, Pomponi, Shirley A.
- Date Issued
- 2018
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FAUIR000351
- Format
- Citation
