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Title: Assessing changes in air service connectivity in the U. S. Southeast, 1978-1992.
Creator: Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: Many changes have occurred in the air transportation industry in the United States during the past 15 years. Because of the deregulation of the industry, connectivity and flow patterns have changed significantly, particularly with the advent of the hub-and-spoke system. This paper looks at changes in air service connectivity for a group of cities in the Southeast and compares those changes with cities from other regions in the nation. It was found that average connectivity growth was greater...
Show moreMany changes have occurred in the air transportation industry in the United States during the past 15 years. Because of the deregulation of the industry, connectivity and flow patterns have changed significantly, particularly with the advent of the hub-and-spoke system. This paper looks at changes in air service connectivity for a group of cities in the Southeast and compares those changes with cities from other regions in the nation. It was found that average connectivity growth was greater for the Southeast. As the region has grown in population and in economic importance, the air transportation infrastructure has kept pace.
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Date Issued: 1993
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327221
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Entrepreneurial strategies and problems in post-communist Europe: a survey of SMEs in Slovakia.
Creator: Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: A vibrant entrepreneurial climate can assist post-Communist European countries in making the transition to a market economy. However, many of these nations are burdened with industrial districts organized into single large industrial complexes that are experiencing tremendous difficulty competing in the new market-driven, keenly competitive environment (Smith 1994; Hughes and Hare 1992). There is a growing consensus that true economic success for East Central Europe will come from newly...
Show moreA vibrant entrepreneurial climate can assist post-Communist European countries in making the transition to a market economy. However, many of these nations are burdened with industrial districts organized into single large industrial complexes that are experiencing tremendous difficulty competing in the new market-driven, keenly competitive environment (Smith 1994; Hughes and Hare 1992). There is a growing consensus that true economic success for East Central Europe will come from newly formed small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Due to their simple yet flexible structures, SMEs adjust more easily to the rapidly changing demands of the global economy (Brunner 1993; Fitzroy 1993; Julien 1993). Thus, policies that encourage the growth of SMEs can be an important component of regional economic development for post-Communist Europe.
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Date Issued: 1997
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327228
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Geographical variation in alternative tourism and recreation establishments.
Creator: Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: Alternative or gay tourism is receiving greater attention in both the business and academic worlds. This segment of the tourism market is found to travel more frequently than the ‘straight’ market and is more recession-proof in their travel behaviour. Studies have indicated that gay tourism is, however, rather spatially concentrated in the United States and Western Europe. This research focuses on gay-orientated infrastructure as opposed to tourists. The paper looks at the spatial...
Show moreAlternative or gay tourism is receiving greater attention in both the business and academic worlds. This segment of the tourism market is found to travel more frequently than the ‘straight’ market and is more recession-proof in their travel behaviour. Studies have indicated that gay tourism is, however, rather spatially concentrated in the United States and Western Europe. This research focuses on gay-orientated infrastructure as opposed to tourists. The paper looks at the spatial distribution of gay tourism and recreation establishments around the world. It was found that even though the clustering of such infrastructure does indeed occur in the USA and Western Europe, certain places exist as ‘islands’ of regional importance in the gay travel network. These ‘islands’ could be marketed as emerging gay centres in efforts to broaden the gay travel market.
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Date Issued: 2001
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327231
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The restructuring of air transport linkages in the New Europe.
Creator: Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: Air transportation is a viral component of economic interchange. This paper explores changes in the European air transport network that have occured since the political and economic reorientation of the former Eastern bloc and restructuring of the European Union. Using basic connectivity measures, it was found that East-West nodal linkage within the network has improved, leading the way for full economic integration of the region.
Date Issued: 1995
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327240
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Planning strategies in Europe's single air market: A case study of Austrian airlines.
Creator: Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: This paper discusses the relationship between policy changes in the EU regarding the liberalization of air traffic, and the resulting spatial changes that are emerging in the transport networks of Europe's national airlines. Traditionally, Europe's largest carriers have been organized as discrete networks. Creation of the Single Air Market in Europe, however, will allow carriers to expand their geographic coverage, thus changing from a domestic market focus to a pan-European focus. Various...
Show moreThis paper discusses the relationship between policy changes in the EU regarding the liberalization of air traffic, and the resulting spatial changes that are emerging in the transport networks of Europe's national airlines. Traditionally, Europe's largest carriers have been organized as discrete networks. Creation of the Single Air Market in Europe, however, will allow carriers to expand their geographic coverage, thus changing from a domestic market focus to a pan-European focus. Various planning strategies for such expansion are discussed. A graph theoretic approach utilizing basic aggregate connectivity measures is used to show the advantages of carrier partnerships and alliances using the network of Austrian Airlines as a case study.
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Date Issued: 1997
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327236
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Global perspectives: small scale entrepreneurs and private sector development in the Slovak Republic.
Creator: Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: The building of private sector economies in East Central Europe is receiving a great deal of attention in both the business and academic worlds. Thus far, most of the focus has been on the sale of older, state-owned enterprises to the private sector (privatization). However, enterprises newly created by local enterpreneurs, often small in scale, are making contributions to the private economy as well. This paper will discuss both aspects of private sector development using data from the...
Show moreThe building of private sector economies in East Central Europe is receiving a great deal of attention in both the business and academic worlds. Thus far, most of the focus has been on the sale of older, state-owned enterprises to the private sector (privatization). However, enterprises newly created by local enterpreneurs, often small in scale, are making contributions to the private economy as well. This paper will discuss both aspects of private sector development using data from the Slavic Republic. Specifically, it will discuss the relationships among the growth of newly-created enterprises, the privatization of state assets, and regional economic differences (measured by unemployment statistics). It will be shown that a healthy local entrepreneurial climate can ease the transition to a market economy, and should therefore be given greater attention in the planning and policy-making of local governments and international aid agencies
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Date Issued: 1996
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327242
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Variations in hub service in the US domestic air transportation network.
Creator: Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: This paper looks at the various types of hubs that have evolved in the air transportation network in the USA. Since deregulation of the industry at the end of the 1970s, the major air carriers have expanded their networks to become more competitive, and the number and types of hubs have grown accordingly. A connectivity analysis using a traditional matrix approach is used to derive indices which are the basis for the development of a connectivity classification scheme. In addition, the...
Show moreThis paper looks at the various types of hubs that have evolved in the air transportation network in the USA. Since deregulation of the industry at the end of the 1970s, the major air carriers have expanded their networks to become more competitive, and the number and types of hubs have grown accordingly. A connectivity analysis using a traditional matrix approach is used to derive indices which are the basis for the development of a connectivity classification scheme. In addition, the various service functions of hubs are explored.
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Date Issued: 1993
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327250
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Trials of a small city airport: A case study of Gainesville.
Creator: Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: An airport with quality service can contribute to a city's quality of life and be an essential component in luring new residents and industry to an area. Competitive fares and convenient, frequent schedules are important to these prospective residents and, of course, to the current local population for both business and pleasure travel. However, for the small city, maintaining quality service can be a challenge. Small-city airports are harder to promote to major airlines as financially...
Show moreAn airport with quality service can contribute to a city's quality of life and be an essential component in luring new residents and industry to an area. Competitive fares and convenient, frequent schedules are important to these prospective residents and, of course, to the current local population for both business and pleasure travel. However, for the small city, maintaining quality service can be a challenge. Small-city airports are harder to promote to major airlines as financially worthwhile ventures due to their lower traffic-generating potential.
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Date Issued: 1991
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327248
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Port competition for cargo tonnage in the U. S. South.
Creator: Witters, Roberta L., Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: Ports in the United States compete in a relatively free market system. Because shipping lines are free to choose the ports they utilize, port authorities have to continually upgrade their facilities to keep pace with changes in the industry. The container revolution altered the entire shipping network system, and ports have been called upon to respond to the needs of the shipping companies. Thirty U.S. ports in the South Atlantic and Gulf regions arc examined in this study. Variables that...
Show morePorts in the United States compete in a relatively free market system. Because shipping lines are free to choose the ports they utilize, port authorities have to continually upgrade their facilities to keep pace with changes in the industry. The container revolution altered the entire shipping network system, and ports have been called upon to respond to the needs of the shipping companies. Thirty U.S. ports in the South Atlantic and Gulf regions arc examined in this study. Variables that determine a successful port in competing for high-volume tonnage are tested and found to have different weights in 1965, the early days of the container revolution, compared to 1999.
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Date Issued: 2002
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327238
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Demographic efficiency of elderly migration to Florida.
Creator: Schiavone, Christopher J., Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: In the past few decades social scientists have become increasingly interested in issues related to the nation's elderly. One important reason for this growing enthusiasm is the dramatic increase in the number of aged. At the tum of the century the elderly accounted for about 4% of the U.S. population. It reached 10% during the 1970s (Graff and Wiseman 1978) and presently the share of the elderly in the nation's population is approximately 12.5%. As the growth rate of the population continues...
Show moreIn the past few decades social scientists have become increasingly interested in issues related to the nation's elderly. One important reason for this growing enthusiasm is the dramatic increase in the number of aged. At the tum of the century the elderly accounted for about 4% of the U.S. population. It reached 10% during the 1970s (Graff and Wiseman 1978) and presently the share of the elderly in the nation's population is approximately 12.5%. As the growth rate of the population continues to decrease and people Jive longer, wi thin a couple of decades into the 21st century the share of the nation's elderly in the total population is projected to reach 20(10 (Graff and Wiseman 1978; U.S. Census Bureau 1995).
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Date Issued: 1998
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327225
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Networking trends of small tourism businesses in post-socialist Slovakia.
Creator: Copp, Charles B., Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: It is argued that the development of small economic enterprises is vital for a transitioning economy (Gibb 1993: Gibb and Haas 1996). Small businesses provide an outlet for many specialized workers to start their own firm, thus providing a foundation for a newly transitioning economy(Erutku and Vallee 1997). This philosophy has led to "a very substantial growth of the micro-small business sector over the past half-dozen years" (Charap, quoted in Gibb 1993.,p. 461). and this growth is the...
Show moreIt is argued that the development of small economic enterprises is vital for a transitioning economy (Gibb 1993: Gibb and Haas 1996). Small businesses provide an outlet for many specialized workers to start their own firm, thus providing a foundation for a newly transitioning economy(Erutku and Vallee 1997). This philosophy has led to "a very substantial growth of the micro-small business sector over the past half-dozen years" (Charap, quoted in Gibb 1993.,p. 461). and this growth is the reason for the expansion of many new firms, particularly in the service sector (Gibb 1993). Tourism development is playing a strong role in the service sector boom. Research suggests that the tourism industry can be an area of high growth during economic transition, due to the low requirements of human capital needed to gain entry (Szivas and Riley 1999)
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Date Issued: 2001
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327233
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: From mining community to seasonal visitor destination: The transformation of Sotiras, Thasos, Greece.
Creator: Caravelis, Mary K., Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: The community of Sotiras on the Greek island of Thasos has experienced two distinctive periods of economic boom during the twentieth century separated by a long period of decline and abandonment. Early in this century, a mining economy flourished, while today the community functions as a haven for seasonal visitors. This paper compares the socio-economic and spatial impacts of both periods via personal interviews and examination of letters of long-time inhabitants of the village. These...
Show moreThe community of Sotiras on the Greek island of Thasos has experienced two distinctive periods of economic boom during the twentieth century separated by a long period of decline and abandonment. Early in this century, a mining economy flourished, while today the community functions as a haven for seasonal visitors. This paper compares the socio-economic and spatial impacts of both periods via personal interviews and examination of letters of long-time inhabitants of the village. These sources seem to imply that the current growth period is less welcome by the native Sotirans.
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Date Issued: 2001
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327230
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Airline mergers and their effect on network structure.
Creator: Shaw, Shih-Lung, Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: The Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 introduced high-level competition into the US domestic industry. The resulting network changes have created a deluge of research, largely focused on the hub-and-spoke structure. Over 15 years have passed since deregulation, and the industry still appears somewhat unsettled. Recent concerns of domestic carriers include downsizing of some hubs, and discussions of further consolidation of operations. Mergers may be the answer for airlines with shrinking...
Show moreThe Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 introduced high-level competition into the US domestic industry. The resulting network changes have created a deluge of research, largely focused on the hub-and-spoke structure. Over 15 years have passed since deregulation, and the industry still appears somewhat unsettled. Recent concerns of domestic carriers include downsizing of some hubs, and discussions of further consolidation of operations. Mergers may be the answer for airlines with shrinking markets within the US transportation system. This study examines the effect on network structure created by the merger of two carriers from the perspective of hub structures, accessibility and geographic coverage.
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Date Issued: 1994
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327218
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Tourism patterns and problems in East Central Europe.
Creator: Ivy, Russell L., Copp, Charles B.
Abstract/Description: Tourism development in post-communist East Central Europe is characterized by growing numbers of international visitors. The region, however, has inherited infrastructural and policy limitations that perpetuate two distinct tourism spaces within most nations. International tourists remain very concentrated in the capital cities and a few resort locations, while domestic tourists display a much more diffused pattern of travel. The infrastructure that international tourists demand, and the...
Show moreTourism development in post-communist East Central Europe is characterized by growing numbers of international visitors. The region, however, has inherited infrastructural and policy limitations that perpetuate two distinct tourism spaces within most nations. International tourists remain very concentrated in the capital cities and a few resort locations, while domestic tourists display a much more diffused pattern of travel. The infrastructure that international tourists demand, and the information they require in making holiday decisions, is still quite geographically limited in East Central Europe.
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Date Issued: 1999
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327243
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Changes in air service connectivity and employment.
Creator: Ivy, Russell L., Fik, T. J., Malecki, E. J.
Abstract/Description: In this paper the relationship between air service connectivity and a subset of professional employment as defined by administrative and auxiliary workers for the fifty-nine largest metropolitan areas in the USA for the period 1978 - 88 is examined. The importance of airline service connectivity as an industrial location factor for company facilities is highlighted. Restructuring of the air service network and the emergence of the postderegulation hub-and-spoke system are also discussed. It...
Show moreIn this paper the relationship between air service connectivity and a subset of professional employment as defined by administrative and auxiliary workers for the fifty-nine largest metropolitan areas in the USA for the period 1978 - 88 is examined. The importance of airline service connectivity as an industrial location factor for company facilities is highlighted. Restructuring of the air service network and the emergence of the postderegulation hub-and-spoke system are also discussed. It is argued that connectivity affects, and is simultaneously affected by, administrative and auxiliary employment levels. Empirical findings suggest that changes in connectivity have a greater influence on administrative and auxiliary employment levels than changes in administrative and auxiliary employment have on connectivity.
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Date Issued: 1995
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327223
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Transportation and development in Central Florida: The rise of Orlando in the transport hierarchy.
Creator: Ivy, Russell L., Falasz, M., Palimino, P.
Abstract/Description: Transportation plays a crucial role in the location and development of economic activity. Early transportation network development models discussed by Taaffe, Gauthier and O'Kelly (1996) as well as Lowe and Moryadas (1975) help to illustrate the important relationship between the two. These bodies of work clearly show that the most accessible places in a region are associated with a relatively higher level of economic buildup than those places disadvantaged by either the imposed transport...
Show moreTransportation plays a crucial role in the location and development of economic activity. Early transportation network development models discussed by Taaffe, Gauthier and O'Kelly (1996) as well as Lowe and Moryadas (1975) help to illustrate the important relationship between the two. These bodies of work clearly show that the most accessible places in a region are associated with a relatively higher level of economic buildup than those places disadvantaged by either the imposed transport network (such as being bypassed by the U.S Interstate highway system), or the lack of transport infrastructure altogether. This relationship between transportation and economic development is often considered to be a chicken-and-egg problem. In other words, does the creation of transportation arteries become an important stimulus for the attraction of economic activity, or does the presence of a potentially exploitable economic resource or comparative advantage (such as mining, agriculture, or even tourism) generate demand for the buildup of a transportation network?
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Date Issued: 1997
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327245
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Changing variables of port success before and after the container revolution: The South Atlantic and Gulf regions.
Creator: Witters, Roberta L., Florida Atlantic University, Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: Ports in the United States (US) are encouraged to compete in a free market system. Several Shipping Acts since the 1800's have ensured that each port is not given exclusive rights over any other US port. Because shipping lines are free to choose the port they utilize, ports have to continually upgrade their facilities to keep up with continual changes in the industry. The container revolution changed the entire port network system. What makes a port successful before and after the container...
Show morePorts in the United States (US) are encouraged to compete in a free market system. Several Shipping Acts since the 1800's have ensured that each port is not given exclusive rights over any other US port. Because shipping lines are free to choose the port they utilize, ports have to continually upgrade their facilities to keep up with continual changes in the industry. The container revolution changed the entire port network system. What makes a port successful before and after the container revolution for thirty selected US ports is examined in this study. Variables that determine a successful port are tested and found to be different before and after the container revolution.
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Date Issued: 2001
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12806
Subject Headings: Containerization--United States, Shipping--History, Harbors--United States
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Use of GIS to improve the user interface design of an airline reservation web site.
Creator: Wilson, Jennifer L., Florida Atlantic University, Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: As use of the Internet becomes pervasive, user interface design of web sites becomes increasingly important. Consumers must be able to easily and quickly perform the functions they desire. Travel industry applications have a large market potential on the Internet. Because of the geographical relationships of locations and functions in the travel industry, the use of cartography and GIS can be very beneficial to user interfaces of these applications. This paper examines functions, inputs, and...
Show moreAs use of the Internet becomes pervasive, user interface design of web sites becomes increasingly important. Consumers must be able to easily and quickly perform the functions they desire. Travel industry applications have a large market potential on the Internet. Because of the geographical relationships of locations and functions in the travel industry, the use of cartography and GIS can be very beneficial to user interfaces of these applications. This paper examines functions, inputs, and user interface of current airline reservation web sites, and looks at some current examples of GIS use on the Internet. It then discusses ways to improve the user interface design of airline reservation web sites using GIS to create more powerful and easy-to-use applications that also incorporate other aspects of the travel industry.
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Date Issued: 1999
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15669
Subject Headings: Geographic information systems, Airlines--Reservation systems--Computer network resources, World Wide Web
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: A comparison of elderly migration streams in the United States: 1970 and 1990.
Creator: Schiavone, Christopher J., Florida Atlantic University, Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: Over the past century, the elderly have been a growing proportion of the total population in the United States. Due to this, geographers have given increasing amount of attention to the study of the elderly. One of the areas where geography has made substantial contributions is in examining the concentration and spatial distribution. Two processes effect the spatial distribution: aging in place and migration. Historically, the origin and destination streams of interstate migrants have been...
Show moreOver the past century, the elderly have been a growing proportion of the total population in the United States. Due to this, geographers have given increasing amount of attention to the study of the elderly. One of the areas where geography has made substantial contributions is in examining the concentration and spatial distribution. Two processes effect the spatial distribution: aging in place and migration. Historically, the origin and destination streams of interstate migrants have been highly concentrated; however, the destinations are now becoming more diffuse.
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Date Issued: 1997
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15373
Subject Headings: Migration, Internal--United States, Older people--United States, Population geography
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Airfares, travel distance and route competition.
Creator: Fajardo, Anthony Gregory, Florida Atlantic University, Ivy, Russell L.
Abstract/Description: The deregulation of the airline industry in the United States in the late 1970's has created more competition between airline companies. Many studies have been done regarding the changes to the industry since deregulation, but little research exists regarding the relationship between airfares, travel distance and route competition. In an effort to discover the relationship between these variables a series of analyses are performed using various statistical models as well as a comparison of...
Show moreThe deregulation of the airline industry in the United States in the late 1970's has created more competition between airline companies. Many studies have been done regarding the changes to the industry since deregulation, but little research exists regarding the relationship between airfares, travel distance and route competition. In an effort to discover the relationship between these variables a series of analyses are performed using various statistical models as well as a comparison of the United States airspace to the European Union airspace (a regulated system). In this thesis it was found that not only do the variables that determine airfares in the United States have little to do with distance, but also that there are more variables beyond competition that are necessary to consider.
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Date Issued: 2001
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12848
Subject Headings: Airlines--Rates, Airlines--Deregulation--United States
Format: Document (PDF)

FAU Theses and Dissertations (18)	+ -
FAU College Collections (16)	+ -

Tourism (2)	+ -
Access to airports--European Union countries (1)	+ -
Aeronautics, Commercial -- Deregulation (1)	+ -
Agriculture -- Economic aspects (1)	+ -
Agriculture -- Environmental aspects (1)	+ -

Airlines -- Deregulation -- United States (1)	+ -
Airlines -- Management (1)	+ -
Airlines -- Rates (1)	+ -
Airlines -- United States -- Cost of operation (1)	+ -
Airlines--Deregulation--United States (1)	+ -
Airlines--Rates (1)	+ -
Airlines--Reservation systems--Computer network resources (1)	+ -
Antiques--Massachusetts--Exhibitions (1)	+ -
Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway--Economic aspects (1)	+ -
Biodiversity conservation (1)	+ -
Business networks--Slovakia--Case studies (1)	+ -
Central business districts--Florida--Daytona Beach (1)	+ -
City planning--Florida (1)	+ -
City planning--Florida--Daytona Beach (1)	+ -
Commercial geography (1)	+ -
Community development, Urban--Florida (1)	+ -
Containerization--United States (1)	+ -
Czech Republic--Economic conditions--1989- (1)	+ -
Daytona Beach (Fla) (1)	+ -
Economic development--Florida (1)	+ -
Economic geography (1)	+ -
Economic zoning--Europe (1)	+ -
Estonia--Economic conditions (1)	+ -
Eurasian school (1)	+ -
Europe--Foreign relations--Russia (Federation) (1)	+ -

Electronic Thesis or Dissertation (18)	+ -
article (16)	+ -

Ivy, Russell L. (34)	+ -
Florida Atlantic University (18)	+ -
Charles E. Schmidt College of Science (3)	+ -
Copp, Charles B. (3)	+ -
Department of Geosciences (3)	+ -

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