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Antibiotic resistance in the oral bacterial community
Title
Antibiotic resistance in the oral bacterial community.
Creator
Famuyiwa, Toluleke, Esiobu, Nwadiuto, Jia, Kailiang, Graduate College
Abstract/Description
Purpose: This study was designed to define the antibiotic resistance index of the cultivable oral microbiome to Amoxiacilin Clavulanic acid, Vancomycin, Ciprofloxacin, Clarithomycin, Chlorotetracyclin, Bacitracin, Kanamycin and Tobramycin using a new method adapted from the Kirby Bauer assay. Method: Oral wash samples were collected from 2 current smokers and 2 nonsmokers. Bacterial community were pelleted by centrifugation and used to create a lawn for the assay employing standard disk...
Show morePurpose: This study was designed to define the antibiotic resistance index of the cultivable oral microbiome to Amoxiacilin Clavulanic acid, Vancomycin, Ciprofloxacin, Clarithomycin, Chlorotetracyclin, Bacitracin, Kanamycin and Tobramycin using a new method adapted from the Kirby Bauer assay. Method: Oral wash samples were collected from 2 current smokers and 2 nonsmokers. Bacterial community were pelleted by centrifugation and used to create a lawn for the assay employing standard disk diffusion assay. Zones of inhibition and number of colonies in the zone were recorded. Mean values of inhibition zones were compared to established databases to draw conclusions. Result: The zones of inhibition of Bacitracin antibiotics shows that several bacteria from one of the non smokers were resistant to Bacitracin, while the smokers showed marked susceptibility. Conclusion: The new method developed in our lab yielded consistent set of data which serve as criteria for determining resistance of the oral microbiome to antibiotics. Quite remarkably, it is known that pathogenic beta Streptococci are susceptible to Bacitracin while non-pathogens are not; confirming that healthy persons harbor the healthy strains of streptococci. However the unanswered question is …. Could these normal biota pick up genes and become resistant too? Only time and human habits will decide but we have developed a baseline and an easy method for testing.
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Date Issued
2014
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005814
Format
Document (PDF)
Impact of Vitamin C on Genistein induced apoptosis in treatment of prostate cancer cells
Title
Impact of Vitamin C on Genistein induced apoptosis in treatment of prostate cancer cells.
Creator
Famuyiwa, Toluleke, Boe, Andrew, Esiobu, Nwadiuto, Graduate College, Kumi-Diaka, James
Abstract/Description
Background: Prostate Cancer, in the absence of skin cancer, is the most prevalent type of cancer found in the male population. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) can promote cancer cell proliferation when they are at elevated levels. Vitamin C is a water-soluble antioxidant capable of inhibiting the formation of ROS. Genistein, an isoflavone found in plants, also possesses the ability to inhibit ROS formation. Objective To determine the potential therapeutic synergy between genistein and vitamin C...
Show moreBackground: Prostate Cancer, in the absence of skin cancer, is the most prevalent type of cancer found in the male population. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) can promote cancer cell proliferation when they are at elevated levels. Vitamin C is a water-soluble antioxidant capable of inhibiting the formation of ROS. Genistein, an isoflavone found in plants, also possesses the ability to inhibit ROS formation. Objective To determine the potential therapeutic synergy between genistein and vitamin C and investigate mechanism of action of genistein and/or vitamin C. Methods: Trypan blue assay was carried out to know the % of viable cells. Varying concentrations of genistein with a constant concentration of Vitamin C was used to treat LNCaP cells. After treatment of the cells with genistein and Vitamin C, MTT assay of the cancer cells was performed and absorbance read through an ELISA reader. This gives the values needed for interpreting cell viability after treatment. A statistical analysis performed to determine whether the obtained results are statistically significant. Results: The results obtained from our experiments are inconclusive with regards to the impact of Vitamin C on apoptotic cancer cell death following genistein treatment. However the combination of genistein and vitamin C was more efficient in tumor suppression than when the drugs were given separately. Conclusion: This study suggests that treatment of prostate cancer using genistein can be enhanced by adjuvant treatment with vitamin C. This study is of potential clinical success in reducing the cell death by necrosis.
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Date Issued
2015
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005876
Format
Document (PDF)
Impact of Vitamin C on Genistein-Induced Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer
Title
Impact of Vitamin C on Genistein-Induced Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer.
Creator
Famuyiwa, Toluleke, Kumi-Diaka, James, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
This study determined the impact of vitamin C dose on genistein-induced apoptosis in LNCaP cancer cells at various treatment regimens in vitro. Although the linear regression of viability assay (MTT) indicated a p-value = 0.11; NBT assay reveal a declining SOD activity during cell death. Apoptosis induction was the main mode of treatment induced cell death. The overall data showed the trend of treatment efficacy as;(Gen 10uM + Vit C 40uM) > (Gen 30uM + Vit C 40uM) > (Gen 70uM + Vit C 40uM) >...
Show moreThis study determined the impact of vitamin C dose on genistein-induced apoptosis in LNCaP cancer cells at various treatment regimens in vitro. Although the linear regression of viability assay (MTT) indicated a p-value = 0.11; NBT assay reveal a declining SOD activity during cell death. Apoptosis induction was the main mode of treatment induced cell death. The overall data showed the trend of treatment efficacy as;(Gen 10uM + Vit C 40uM) > (Gen 30uM + Vit C 40uM) > (Gen 70uM + Vit C 40uM) > 10uM genistein > 70uM genistein. The chi-square test for comparing necrosis, apoptosis and life cells showed that Vitamin C could impact genistein-induced apoptosis in LNCaP cells (p = 0.0003). This study forms the basis for in vivo studies of the impact of vitamin C on genistein-induced apoptosis in LNCaP prostate cancer cells.
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Date Issued
2015
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004497, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004497
Subject Headings
Apoptosis -- Molecular aspects, Cellular signal transduction, Genistein -- Therapeutic use, Phytochemicals -- Physiological effect, Phytochemicals -- Therapeutic use, Prostate -- Cancer -- Adjuvant treatment, Prostate -- Cancer -- Molecular aspects, Vitamin C -- Therapeutic use
Format
Document (PDF)
Overcoming Multidrug Resistance in Prostate Cancer Cells Using Nanoparticle Delivery of a Two-Drug Combination
Title
Overcoming Multidrug Resistance in Prostate Cancer Cells Using Nanoparticle Delivery of a Two-Drug Combination.
Creator
Toluleke, O. Famuyiwa, Kumi-Diaka, James, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most diagnosed cancer in men. The resistance of prostate cancer to chemotherapy has been linked to the ATP Binding Cassette (ABC)-Mediated Multidrug Resistance (MDR). This study investigated the combination of 3-Bromopyruvate (3-BPA) and the anti-inflammatory molecule SC-514 in reducing MDR in prostate cancer. The compounds were incorporated into a PLGA nanoparticles to increase delivery to target cells. To investigate the effectiveness of SC-514 and/3-BPA,...
Show moreProstate cancer (PCa) is the second most diagnosed cancer in men. The resistance of prostate cancer to chemotherapy has been linked to the ATP Binding Cassette (ABC)-Mediated Multidrug Resistance (MDR). This study investigated the combination of 3-Bromopyruvate (3-BPA) and the anti-inflammatory molecule SC-514 in reducing MDR in prostate cancer. The compounds were incorporated into a PLGA nanoparticles to increase delivery to target cells. To investigate the effectiveness of SC-514 and/3-BPA, cytoxicity assays including trypan blue dye exclusion, MTT tetrazolium reduction, NBT, LDH release poly caspase detection, cell titer glow assay, and ELISA were utilized. Both immunofluorescence and multidrug resistance efflux assays were utilized to estimate the number of drug resistant cells. SC-514 was encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles via single-emulsion method. SC-514 nanoparticles were analyzed utilizing Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) was used to measure the amount of SC- 514 released from the nanoparticle. Alternative SC-514 drug release quantification methods such as colony forming assay, wound healing assay, and transwell and migration assay were explored.
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Date Issued
2021
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013677
Subject Headings
Prostate--Cancer, Nanoparticles, Drug Delivery Systems, Multidrug resistance
Format
Document (PDF)