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Dental Analysis of Prehistoric Populations in Coastal Ecuador
Title
Dental Analysis of Prehistoric Populations in Coastal Ecuador.
Creator
Boyer, Cassandra Anne Kwy-San, Ellis, Meredith B., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Anthropology, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters
Abstract/Description
This thesis compares the human dentition of three coastal populations in Salango, Ecuador, dating to Late Guangala (Site 141C: 100 B.C. – A.D. 800), Early Manteño (Site 35: A.D. 645 +/- 45 and A.D. 430), and Late Manteño (Site 140: A.D. 1300 – 1600). The human remains in Sites 141C and 140 have not been previously analyzed and provide new information about coastal Ecuador in the form of statistical analysis and osteobiographies. Dental pathologies such as caries, abscesses, calculus,...
Show moreThis thesis compares the human dentition of three coastal populations in Salango, Ecuador, dating to Late Guangala (Site 141C: 100 B.C. – A.D. 800), Early Manteño (Site 35: A.D. 645 +/- 45 and A.D. 430), and Late Manteño (Site 140: A.D. 1300 – 1600). The human remains in Sites 141C and 140 have not been previously analyzed and provide new information about coastal Ecuador in the form of statistical analysis and osteobiographies. Dental pathologies such as caries, abscesses, calculus, hypoplasia, as well as dental wear patterns indicate subsistence, or diet, behavioral and cultural practices, and early childhood development. The data suggests that agriculture became more intensively practiced during Site 35’s occupation, whereas Site 141C preferred fishing, and Site 140 used both methods in a simultaneous manner where neither dominated. Further, the disruption in childhood development is statistically significant during Site 140’s occupation, suggesting these individuals were heavily affected by climate, Spanish colonization and subsequent disease, social struggles, and/or dietary deficiency.
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Date Issued
2019
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013358
Subject Headings
Dental anthropology, Salango (Ecuador), Prehistoric peoples
Format
Document (PDF)
AFFINITY OF TWO SOUTH FLORIDA POPULATIONS THROUGH NONMETRIC DENTAL ANALYSIS
Title
AFFINITY OF TWO SOUTH FLORIDA POPULATIONS THROUGH NONMETRIC DENTAL ANALYSIS.
Creator
Benitez, Daniel, Ellis, Meredith A. B., Florida Atlantic University, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of Anthropology
Abstract/Description
This research examines the relationship of two archeological populations in Southeastern Florida from the Middle Woodland Period. The two sites chosen include the Belle Glade site in the Belle Glade Cultural Area and the Highland Beach Mound site in the East Okeechobee Cultural Area. The determination of relationships was done through an analysis of nonmetric dental traits. A series of traits were recorded in an ordinal scale and later dichotomized into present or absent, in order to conduct...
Show moreThis research examines the relationship of two archeological populations in Southeastern Florida from the Middle Woodland Period. The two sites chosen include the Belle Glade site in the Belle Glade Cultural Area and the Highland Beach Mound site in the East Okeechobee Cultural Area. The determination of relationships was done through an analysis of nonmetric dental traits. A series of traits were recorded in an ordinal scale and later dichotomized into present or absent, in order to conduct a biological distance analysis. The statistical method chosen for this analysis was the Smith’s Mean Measure of Divergence. Results indicate that both populations have a minimal degree of divergence. These results corroborate the evidence gathered from past archeological investigations.
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Date Issued
2019
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013286
Subject Headings
Dental anthropology--Florida, Belle Glade (Fla ), Highland Beach (Fla )
Format
Document (PDF)
SKELETONS IN THE CLOSET: MISSED COLLECTIONS AND NAGPRA COMPLIANCE AT FLORIDA ATLANTIC UNIVERSITY
Title
SKELETONS IN THE CLOSET: MISSED COLLECTIONS AND NAGPRA COMPLIANCE AT FLORIDA ATLANTIC UNIVERSITY.
Creator
Young, Branden S., Ellis, Meredith A. B., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Anthropology, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters
Abstract/Description
Florida Atlantic University (FAU) curates several collections containing Native American human skeletal remains. Some of these collections have not been inventoried nor have they been registered in the National Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) database. As such, FAU is out of compliance with federal regulation and at risk of incurring penalties. I have inventoried the human remains and determined the minimum number of individuals for three of these collections ...
Show moreFlorida Atlantic University (FAU) curates several collections containing Native American human skeletal remains. Some of these collections have not been inventoried nor have they been registered in the National Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) database. As such, FAU is out of compliance with federal regulation and at risk of incurring penalties. I have inventoried the human remains and determined the minimum number of individuals for three of these collections (Canal Point 2, Canal Point 3 and Belle Glade Mound). I have also compiled both an archaeological and cultural history for these sites, as well as participated in consultations with Native American tribes in an attempt to determine cultural affiliation. This will assist FAU in its ongoing efforts to comply with federal regulation as well as facilitate any disposition requests made in the future.
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Date Issued
2019
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013431
Subject Headings
NAGPRA, United States Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, Florida Atlantic University, Compliance, Human skeleton
Format
Document (PDF)
BONE COLLECTORS: PERSONHOOD AND APPEAL IN THE SALE AND TRADE OF HUMAN SKELETAL REMAINS ON FACEBOOK
Title
BONE COLLECTORS: PERSONHOOD AND APPEAL IN THE SALE AND TRADE OF HUMAN SKELETAL REMAINS ON FACEBOOK.
Creator
Breda, Evelyn, Ellis, Meredith A.B., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Anthropology, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters
Abstract/Description
The desire to own human skeletal remains has been prevalent for many years; in our modern technological age avenues for this market have exploded across the internet. This research focuses on Facebook groups dedicated to oddity sales and collecting. Purchasing human remains is illegal in Georgia, Louisiana, and Tennessee as well as prohibited by Facebook terms of service, but these sales persist. Over the course of 2021, 319 listings for human skeletal remains were recorded across six...
Show moreThe desire to own human skeletal remains has been prevalent for many years; in our modern technological age avenues for this market have exploded across the internet. This research focuses on Facebook groups dedicated to oddity sales and collecting. Purchasing human remains is illegal in Georgia, Louisiana, and Tennessee as well as prohibited by Facebook terms of service, but these sales persist. Over the course of 2021, 319 listings for human skeletal remains were recorded across six Facebook groups. These listings accounted for most skeletal elements found within the human skeleton. Many elements are artistic in nature, something viewed as “Giving a second life” to the remains, as observed within these groups. To fully understand the driving force behind this market requires cultural insight about the perception of human remains as well as the culture found within these groups. Kinship, friendship, and trust are all clearly expressed between buyers and sellers.
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Date Issued
2023
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014173
Subject Headings
Human skeleton--Collectors and collecting, Human remains (Archaeology), Personhood
Format
Document (PDF)
Bioarchaeological Implications of Porotic Hyperostosis in the Pre-Columbian Societies of Coastal Ecuador
Title
Bioarchaeological Implications of Porotic Hyperostosis in the Pre-Columbian Societies of Coastal Ecuador.
Creator
Rivas, Daniel Gonzalo Alava, Ellis, Meredith B., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Anthropology, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters
Abstract/Description
This thesis focuses on identifying the presence of porotic hyperostosis in a sample made up of 119 individuals to a) assess the possible causes of porotic hyperostosis in the ancient Ecuadorian coastal societies, b) reconsider porotic hyperostosis as a nutritional stress marker, and c) propose bartonellosis as an alternative cause for the appearance of porotic lesions in the skull over 4,000 years in the Northern Andes. By applying the BoPLE (Bone Porous Lesions Evaluation) method, results...
Show moreThis thesis focuses on identifying the presence of porotic hyperostosis in a sample made up of 119 individuals to a) assess the possible causes of porotic hyperostosis in the ancient Ecuadorian coastal societies, b) reconsider porotic hyperostosis as a nutritional stress marker, and c) propose bartonellosis as an alternative cause for the appearance of porotic lesions in the skull over 4,000 years in the Northern Andes. By applying the BoPLE (Bone Porous Lesions Evaluation) method, results obtained and clinical evidence propose that parasite infections and iron deficiencies are two of the probable causes of porotic hyperostosis in the prehistory of the Ecuadorian coast. Furthermore, the results suggested that a female skull associated with Valdivia culture phase II (3,300 – 2,800 BCE) is Ecuador's oldest record of this symptom. Likewise, the clinical characteristics of bartonellosis suggests it to be a plausible cause of porotic hyperostosis in ancient Ecuador.
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Date Issued
2024
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014374
Subject Headings
Hyperostosis, Human remains (Archaeology), Human remains (Archaeology)--Ecuador, Bartonellosis
Format
Document (PDF)
Care in Medieval Transylvania: A Bioarchaeological Study
Title
Care in Medieval Transylvania: A Bioarchaeological Study.
Creator
Heron, Megan A., Ellis, Meredith A. B., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Anthropology, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters
Abstract/Description
This thesis examines the skeletal remains of two disabled adults collected from the Bogoz archaeological site (1100-1700) in Mugeni, Romania. Mugeni (in Hungarian, Bogoz) is home to an ethnic culture known as the Szekely, whose history has been lost (Bethard 2019, p. 254). This thesis conducts a microhistorical bioarchaeology of caregiving behaviors for Burial 13 and Burial 150 to concurrently reinsert disabled individuals into the historical narrative and to contribute to Szekely history....
Show moreThis thesis examines the skeletal remains of two disabled adults collected from the Bogoz archaeological site (1100-1700) in Mugeni, Romania. Mugeni (in Hungarian, Bogoz) is home to an ethnic culture known as the Szekely, whose history has been lost (Bethard 2019, p. 254). This thesis conducts a microhistorical bioarchaeology of caregiving behaviors for Burial 13 and Burial 150 to concurrently reinsert disabled individuals into the historical narrative and to contribute to Szekely history. Four theoretical backgrounds- microhistory, social bioarchaeology, osteobiography, and the Bioarchaeology of Care- are synthesized to organize analysis. First, this thesis documents biological identifiers, pathologies, mortuary treatment, and the physical, socio-cultural, and economic lifeways (Tilley & Schrenk 2017, p. 2). Then, models of care are developed to analyze multiscalar intersectionalities to understand the broader implications of medieval and early modern Transylvania (Peltonen 2001, p. 348; Walton 2008, p. 6). This approach will serve as an example for the continued investigations of care provisions for disabled and/or impaired persons, contributing to the historical narrative (Bethard et al. 2019, p. 267; Hosek 2019, p. 47).
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Date Issued
2024
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014371
Subject Headings
Human remains (Archaeology), Archaeology, Medieval, Székely, Szeklers--History
Format
Document (PDF)
Potential Provenance Identification of Unidentified Human Remains Using Strontium and Oxygen Isotope Analysis
Title
Potential Provenance Identification of Unidentified Human Remains Using Strontium and Oxygen Isotope Analysis.
Creator
Colonna, Hallie, Ellis, Meredith A. B., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Anthropology, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters
Abstract/Description
Major academic institutions in the United States house unidentified human skeletal remains in their collections as a result of unethical obtainment, poor documentation, and lack of resources. This thesis explores the possible geographic provenances associated with two skulls, A11 and A12, kept in the Florida Atlantic University (FAU) Anthropology Department. This thesis utilizes strontium and oxygen isotope analysis collected from dental and enamel tissues to explore possible geographic...
Show moreMajor academic institutions in the United States house unidentified human skeletal remains in their collections as a result of unethical obtainment, poor documentation, and lack of resources. This thesis explores the possible geographic provenances associated with two skulls, A11 and A12, kept in the Florida Atlantic University (FAU) Anthropology Department. This thesis utilizes strontium and oxygen isotope analysis collected from dental and enamel tissues to explore possible geographic provenance for A11 and A12. Analyzing isotopic composition of human skeletal remains is an established method to reconstruct human processes, history, events, and lifeways. Strontium (expressed by the ratio: 87Sr/86Sr) and oxygen (expressed by the ratio: δ18O) stable isotope analysis is used to determine place of origin for human remains with unknown origin. Strontium and oxygen isotopes express geographic signatures, of an individual's food and drinking water ingested during childhood which can reflect the isotope signature of the environment (soil, water, geology) from where it originates.
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Date Issued
2024
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014508
Subject Headings
Human remains (Archaeology), Bioarchaeology, Oxygen--Isotopes--Analysis, trontium--Isotopes
Format
Document (PDF)