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- Title
- The Relations of Sexist Beliefs to the Personal and Social Adjustment of Preadolescent Children.
- Creator
- Collins, Rebecca L., Perry, David G., Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
The purpose of this thesis was to see how sexist beliefs in childhood relate to indexes of children's personal and social adjustment. We developed an instrument to study the sexist beliefs that children have regarding work, parenting, dating, and other aspects of gender roles. We predicted (and found) that having these sexist beliefs affected the sexes differently. For girls sexist beliefs were associated with reduced global self-worth and body satisfaction; and increased depression. For boys...
Show moreThe purpose of this thesis was to see how sexist beliefs in childhood relate to indexes of children's personal and social adjustment. We developed an instrument to study the sexist beliefs that children have regarding work, parenting, dating, and other aspects of gender roles. We predicted (and found) that having these sexist beliefs affected the sexes differently. For girls sexist beliefs were associated with reduced global self-worth and body satisfaction; and increased depression. For boys, sexist beliefs were associated with increased global self-worth, narcissism, externalizing behaviors, and competence in sports; and decreased depression and prosocial behavior.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2008
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000735
- Subject Headings
- Sex role in children, Sex differences (Psychology), Adjustment (Psychology) in children, Self in children
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The Effect of the Conditioned Emotional Response (CER) on the Subsequent Acquisition of a Temporal Discrimination.
- Creator
- McNeely, Joseph J., Otten, Cynthia S., Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
Twenty 100 day old male rats were trained to behavioral criterion in a CER paradigm. Two shock levels (.1 and .2 ma) were employed to establish these criteria. Half of the Ss reached medium suppression (suppression ratios between .39 and .11) of a bar pressing response; half achieved high suppression (suppression ratios less than .10). The animals were subsequently exposed to 15 daily sessions of FI training utilizing a head, panel pressing response for food. Five of the medium suppression...
Show moreTwenty 100 day old male rats were trained to behavioral criterion in a CER paradigm. Two shock levels (.1 and .2 ma) were employed to establish these criteria. Half of the Ss reached medium suppression (suppression ratios between .39 and .11) of a bar pressing response; half achieved high suppression (suppression ratios less than .10). The animals were subsequently exposed to 15 daily sessions of FI training utilizing a head, panel pressing response for food. Five of the medium suppression group and five of the high suppression group were exposed to the conditioned suppression CS (a light) during the FI acquisition periods . The remaining rats underwent FI training in the absence of the CS. An Index of Curvature was employed to measure each FI period record and to indicate the degree of acquisition of FI scalloping. Analysis of variance for the four groups revealed only the progression over days to be a significant source of variation. Analysis of linear trend indicated a strong linearity in the variance over 15 days for all groups, but revealed no clear differences between the groups. Some tendencies indicate a slight superiority in acquisition by the medium suppression group which was exposed to the CS during FI training. The high suppression group which was exposed to the light was noticeably inferior in FI discrimination. These results possibly demonstrate an "arousal- interference" mechanism for the CER, but the data do not support the conclusion that the conditioned suppression signal (CS) has a differential effect on subsequent acquisition of an unrelated temporal discrimination. A history of shook treatment, or of CER training, may be responsible, however, for the overall poor acquisition of FI scalloping that was demonstrated by all four groups in this study.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1969
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000799
- Subject Headings
- Emotional conditioning, Discrimination learning, Learning, Psychology of
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The Application of Yeast Three-Hybrid Technology in the Mexican Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) System.
- Creator
- Maier, Jennifer A., Lemanski, Larry F., Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
The Mexican axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum, possesses a naturally-occurring lethal mutation, designated gene "c", for cardiac non-function. Hearts form but fail to beat, lack organized myofibrils, and are deficient in tropomyosin. Treatment with a noncoding RNA MIR (Myofibril-Inducing RNA) rescues this defect in organ culture. Rescued mutant hearts have restored tropomyosin, form organized myofibrils, and beat vigorously. Studies to elucidate the mechanism of MIR heart rescue are underway....
Show moreThe Mexican axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum, possesses a naturally-occurring lethal mutation, designated gene "c", for cardiac non-function. Hearts form but fail to beat, lack organized myofibrils, and are deficient in tropomyosin. Treatment with a noncoding RNA MIR (Myofibril-Inducing RNA) rescues this defect in organ culture. Rescued mutant hearts have restored tropomyosin, form organized myofibrils, and beat vigorously. Studies to elucidate the mechanism of MIR heart rescue are underway. Current evidence suggests that MIR acts by binding with at least two proteins. The yeast three-hybrid system is being used to screen an axolotl eDNA library for these two proteins and other possible MIR-binding candidates. This is a method utilizing two hybrid proteins and a hybrid RNA. An interaction between these three components will activate the expression of reporter genes, whose activity is assayed through phenotypical and biochemical methods. In this study, the protocol for yeast three-hybrid technology is being established for analyzing the MIR in the Mexican axolotl, cardiac mutant animal model.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2007
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000793
- Subject Headings
- Axolotls--Development, Heart--Hypertrophy, Genetic translation, Molecular genetics--Research
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The Effect of Vegetation (Ipomoea pes-caprae) on Leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) Nest Productivity.
- Creator
- Conrad, Jeremy R., Wyneken, Jeanette, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
From 2004 - 2007, the beach at Sandy Point National Wildlife Refuge (St. Croix, USVI) experienced low summer erosion, which allowed native pioneer vegetation to spread seaward and invade leatherback-nesting areas. The encroachment of vegetation reduced nest survival. Here I describe the results of an experimental assessment of vegetation control methods and of the effects of native vegetation on leatherback hatching and emergence success. I tested four treatments: (i) naturally vegetated, (ii...
Show moreFrom 2004 - 2007, the beach at Sandy Point National Wildlife Refuge (St. Croix, USVI) experienced low summer erosion, which allowed native pioneer vegetation to spread seaward and invade leatherback-nesting areas. The encroachment of vegetation reduced nest survival. Here I describe the results of an experimental assessment of vegetation control methods and of the effects of native vegetation on leatherback hatching and emergence success. I tested four treatments: (i) naturally vegetated, (ii) herbicide treated vegetation, (iii) mechanically removed above ground vegetation, and (iv) non-vegetated (control) plots. Nests were relocated into each of the plot types then left to incubate naturally. Hatching and emergence success was reduced when vegetation was present. Vegetation was not adequately controlled by any of the methods tested. The results identify future research needs for the development of appropriate management to control the native vegetation and enhance leatherback nest productivity.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2008
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000736
- Subject Headings
- Vegetation dynamics, Wildlife habitat improvement, Sandy Point National Wildlife Refuge (United States Virgin Islands), Leatherback turtle--Habitat--Conservation
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The influence of connectivity on the global dynamics of nonlinear oscillator ensembles.
- Creator
- Rogers, Jeffrey L., Florida Atlantic University, Wille, Luc T.
- Abstract/Description
-
In this thesis we have studied the global dynamics which spontaneously emerge in ensembles of interacting disparate nonlinear oscillators. Collective phenomena exhibited in these systems include synchronization, quasiperiodicity, chaos, and death. Exact analytical solutions are presented for two and three coupled oscillators with phase and amplitude variations. A phenomenon analogous to a phase-transition is found as a function of interaction-range in a one-dimensional lattice: for coupling...
Show moreIn this thesis we have studied the global dynamics which spontaneously emerge in ensembles of interacting disparate nonlinear oscillators. Collective phenomena exhibited in these systems include synchronization, quasiperiodicity, chaos, and death. Exact analytical solutions are presented for two and three coupled oscillators with phase and amplitude variations. A phenomenon analogous to a phase-transition is found as a function of interaction-range in a one-dimensional lattice: for coupling exponents larger than some critical value, alpha c, synchronization is shown to be impossible. Massively parallel computer simulations in conjunction with finite-size scaling were used to extrapolate to the infinite-size limit.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1994
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15031
- Subject Headings
- Nonlinear oscillators, Coupled mode theory, Physics--Data processing, Parallel processing (Electronic computers)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The establishment and study of two elasmobranch cell lines.
- Creator
- Poyer, James Christopher., Florida Atlantic University, Hartmann, James X.
- Abstract/Description
-
The present study describes the first cell lines produced from members of class Chondrichthyes. Explants of brain tissue from Carcharhinus falciformis (silky shark) and Ginglymostoma cirratum (nurse shark) were incubated in a mammalian medium modified with the addition of urea, trimethylamine N-oxide, NaCl, and bovine serum. Primary monolayers were passaged with 0.025% trypsin in a modified saline solution. Silky shark cells grew optimally at 29C. The population doubling time for C....
Show moreThe present study describes the first cell lines produced from members of class Chondrichthyes. Explants of brain tissue from Carcharhinus falciformis (silky shark) and Ginglymostoma cirratum (nurse shark) were incubated in a mammalian medium modified with the addition of urea, trimethylamine N-oxide, NaCl, and bovine serum. Primary monolayers were passaged with 0.025% trypsin in a modified saline solution. Silky shark cells grew optimally at 29C. The population doubling time for C. falciformis cells at passage 29 was 67 hours. For G. cirratum cells at passage 6 the population doubling was 84 hours. Silky shark cells grew over a broad range of osmolalities from 315 mOsm to a 1664 mOsm with optimal growth at 650 mOsm. A medium containing 10% dimethylsulfoxide allowed for cryopreservation with greater than 65% viability upon recovery. Current theories of elasmobranch osmoregulation are discussed in light of experimental data collected from studies conducted on the silky shark cell line.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1992
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14795
- Subject Headings
- Sharks, Cell culture, Chondrichthyes
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The effects of systemic herbicide used for invasive species management on a native Florida scrub seed bank.
- Creator
- Ryan, Kathleen S., Florida Atlantic University, Violin, John
- Abstract/Description
-
This study focused on whether use of ArsenalRTM to control an invasive, non-indigenous tree, Schinus terebinthifolius, would either negatively affect the seed bank in treatment areas of the study site or seeds in litter, 0-5 cm or 5-15 cm layers of the bank. Neither examining the whole site nor the two habitats produced conclusive results, but examining the three layers did. The litter layer appeared to be most sensitive to herbicide treatment with a 47% (p=0.03) reduction in seedling...
Show moreThis study focused on whether use of ArsenalRTM to control an invasive, non-indigenous tree, Schinus terebinthifolius, would either negatively affect the seed bank in treatment areas of the study site or seeds in litter, 0-5 cm or 5-15 cm layers of the bank. Neither examining the whole site nor the two habitats produced conclusive results, but examining the three layers did. The litter layer appeared to be most sensitive to herbicide treatment with a 47% (p=0.03) reduction in seedling emergence after treatment. Analysis of herbicide effect therefore required studying depth, habitat and study site. The litter layer, seldom considered in seed bank studies, produced 33% of emerging seedlings in this study. It is an extremely important component as it is the first place seeds are deposited before they percolate down into the soil. Damage to this layer will not only affect current seedling emergence, but future content of the seed bank below the surface.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2005
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13301
- Subject Headings
- Soil seed banks--Florida, Soil absorption and adsorption--Florida, Soil remediation--Florida, Ecosystem management--Florida
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The behavioral attributes of victimized children.
- Creator
- Pierce, Sharon Louise., Florida Atlantic University, Perry, David G.
- Abstract/Description
-
Based on a peer nomination device measuring victimization and aggression (VAI), 172 children from grades four through seven were classified into four subgroups: aggressive victims, nonaggressive victims, aggressive nonvictims, and nonaggressive nonvictims. Another peer nomination inventory measuring 13 behavioral attributes (BAI) was used to assess behaviors correlated with the subject classifications. Distinctive behavioral profiles for the four subgroups were found. Of particular importance...
Show moreBased on a peer nomination device measuring victimization and aggression (VAI), 172 children from grades four through seven were classified into four subgroups: aggressive victims, nonaggressive victims, aggressive nonvictims, and nonaggressive nonvictims. Another peer nomination inventory measuring 13 behavioral attributes (BAI) was used to assess behaviors correlated with the subject classifications. Distinctive behavioral profiles for the four subgroups were found. Of particular importance were findings supporting the hypothesis that two distinct types of victims exist: aggressive or "provocative" victims and nonaggressive or "passive" victims. Both types of victims lack prosocial skills and reinforce aggressive attacks by crying, but the two types of victims differ in how they elicit aggression. The provocative victim evidences disruptive behavior, blames others, has difficulty managing conflict, and is perceived as dishonest. The passive victim is withdrawn but expresses anxiety and depression, signalling vulnerability. Implications for conceptualization of peer problem behavior and for intervention are discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1990
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14593
- Subject Headings
- Victims--Psychology, Aggressiveness in children
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The Single Minded 2 Gene (SIM2) and Cancer: Harnessing Micro-Array Data to Facilitate Pathway Discovery and Validation.
- Creator
- Aleman, Mireille J., Narayanan, Ramaswamy, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
A Down's Syndrome related Single Minded 2 gene (SIM2), previously known to be associated with Trisomy 21 was predicted by bioinformatics to be colon cancer specific. In previous work from the laboratory using a patient tissue repository, an isoform of this gene, short form (SIM2-s) was shown to be colon cancer specific. Inhibition of SIM2-s expression by antisense technology resulted in cancer-cell specific apoptosis within 24 hours. Microarray-based gene expression profiling of the antisense...
Show moreA Down's Syndrome related Single Minded 2 gene (SIM2), previously known to be associated with Trisomy 21 was predicted by bioinformatics to be colon cancer specific. In previous work from the laboratory using a patient tissue repository, an isoform of this gene, short form (SIM2-s) was shown to be colon cancer specific. Inhibition of SIM2-s expression by antisense technology resulted in cancer-cell specific apoptosis within 24 hours. Microarray-based gene expression profiling of the antisense-treated colon cancer cells provided a fingerprint of genes involving key cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA damage and differentiation genes. Taking hints from the microarray database, experiments were initiated to decipher the molecular mechanism underlying the cancer specific function of the SIM2-s gene. Using an isogenic cell system, apoptosis was found to be dependent on DNA damage and repair gene, GADD45-a. Further, key pathways including p38 MAP kinase (MAPK) and specific caspases were essential for apoptosis. Programmed cell death was not dependant on cell cycle and was preceded by the induction of terminal differentiation. To clarify whether SIM2-s function is a critical determinant of differentiation, stable transfectants of SIM2-s were established in a murine adipocytic cell line (3T3-L 1 ). SIM2-s overexpression caused a pronounced block of differentiation of the pre-adipocytes into mature adipocytes. A study of the differentiation pathway in 3T3-L 1 cells suggested that this block occurs early on in the cascade. These results supported the starting premise that SIM2-s is a critical mediator of cell differentiation. To clarify whether the SIM2-s gene has transforming potential, the SIM2-s gene was overexpressed in the NIH3T3 murine fibroblast cell line. The cells expressing the human SIM2-s gene exhibited shorter doubling time, abrogation of growth serum requirement, greater cell number at saturation density and focus formation. In vivo tumorigenicity assays showed tumor formation with long latency. These results provide strong evidence for the role of SIM2-s gene in tumor cell growth and differentiation, and validate drug therapy use for the gene.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2007
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000845
- Subject Headings
- Cancer--Genetic aspects, DNA microarrays--Diagnostic use, Apoptosis--Molecular aspects, Medical informatics, Gene expression--Research--Methodology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The Role of Exoribonucleases and MutT Pyrophosphohydrolase in the Surveillance of Oxidatively-damaged RNA.
- Creator
- Zhang, Jianan, Li, Zhongwei, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
Three important exoribonucleases degrading RNAs in sequence-independent manner, RNase II, RNase Rand polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase), were shown to protect cells against oxidative stress. This is presumably due to the function of the exoribonucleases in the removal of oxidized RNA in cells. MutT pyrophosphohydrolase .was previously reported to scavenge oxidized nucleotides 8-oxoGTP and 8-oxoGDP, prevent their incorporation into RNA. Deficiency of MutT may lead to an increase in the...
Show moreThree important exoribonucleases degrading RNAs in sequence-independent manner, RNase II, RNase Rand polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase), were shown to protect cells against oxidative stress. This is presumably due to the function of the exoribonucleases in the removal of oxidized RNA in cells. MutT pyrophosphohydrolase .was previously reported to scavenge oxidized nucleotides 8-oxoGTP and 8-oxoGDP, prevent their incorporation into RNA. Deficiency of MutT may lead to an increase in the level of 8-oxoG in RNA, which may enhance the requirement of the RNA surveillance function of the exoribonucleases. This study focuses on the roles of the RNA-degradation exoribonucleases in the removal of oxidatively-damaged RNA in the mutT background. This work shows that mutT mutation enhances the sensitivity of the RNase mutants to hydrogen peroxide. Growth defect of the pnp mutT mutant was detected even under normal aeration, but was rescued to the level of pnp mutant under anaerobic conditions. The pnp mutT mutant shows high mutator activity observed from LacZ reporter system and high level of 8-oxoG in RNA, strongly suggest that PNPase is responsible for removing 8-oxoG containing RNAs elevated in mutT background. Additionally, genetic instability observed from the mutant lacking RNase II and MutT supports the idea that RNase II may adopt a distinct pathway to reduce deleterious effect from oxidation challenge.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2007
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000856
- Subject Headings
- Nucleic acids--Oxidation, DNA repair, Chemical mutagenesis
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The Use Of Overlapping Vs. Non-Overlapping Moving Block Bootstrapping To Estimate The Variance Of A Statistic Of Dependent Data.
- Creator
- Davis, Benjamin F., Radulovic, Dragan, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
Determining the variance of a statistic (such as the sample median) can be difficult. Various methods of Bootstrapping (re-sampling with replacement) were used to estimate variance of one or more statistics based on a single sample. This estimator was compared to the empirical estimators based on repeated simulations of various sample sizes from a given distribution. Of particular interest was which of the methods of Bootstrapping were most effective with a dependent data set. Different...
Show moreDetermining the variance of a statistic (such as the sample median) can be difficult. Various methods of Bootstrapping (re-sampling with replacement) were used to estimate variance of one or more statistics based on a single sample. This estimator was compared to the empirical estimators based on repeated simulations of various sample sizes from a given distribution. Of particular interest was which of the methods of Bootstrapping were most effective with a dependent data set. Different degrees of dependency were used for the simulations with dependent data.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2008
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000738
- Subject Headings
- Bootstrap (Statistics), Social sciences--Statistical methods, Mathematical statistics, Sampling (Statistics), Estimation theory, Nonparametric statistics
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The Role of Chemoreception and Host-Use on the Behavioral Ecology of the Pea Crab Tunicotheres moseri (Rathbun, 1918) in Tampa Bay, Florida.
- Creator
- Ambrosio, Louis J., Brooks, W. Randy, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
The pinnotherid Tunicotheres moseri (Rathbun, 1918) is a common symbiont with various solitary ascidians throughout its reported range of Jamaica, Venezuela, and West Florida. Cues affecting host use and host recognition in the West Florida population were the focus ofthis study. T. moseri responded to conspecific and host generated chemical cues in the water column. Although host generated chemical cues were recognized by T. moseri, tactile cues triggered much stronger responses to host...
Show moreThe pinnotherid Tunicotheres moseri (Rathbun, 1918) is a common symbiont with various solitary ascidians throughout its reported range of Jamaica, Venezuela, and West Florida. Cues affecting host use and host recognition in the West Florida population were the focus ofthis study. T. moseri responded to conspecific and host generated chemical cues in the water column. Although host generated chemical cues were recognized by T. moseri, tactile cues triggered much stronger responses to host ascidians. Results of conditioning trials suggest that T. moseri is a generalist in host use and accepts novel host species after conditioning with Molgula occidentalis and Phallusia nigra. However, T. moseri prefers S. plicata after conditioning with novel host species. The results of this study suggest that any genetic divergence existing between geographically disjunct populations of T. moseri are probably due to limited dispersal potential rather than population specific host fidelity and host use characteristics.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2008
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000724
- Subject Headings
- Marine animals--Physiology--Florida--Tampa Bay, Marine animals--Ecology--Florida--Tampa Bay, Crabs--Behavior--Florida--Tampa Bay, Rathbun, Mary Jane,--1860-1943--Research
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The Influence of a System of Values Upon Academic Behavior.
- Creator
- Scott, Tully, Michels, Kenneth M., Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which centrally-held value systems affect scholastic behavior. The variables examined were thirteen discrete value systems generated by Morris' Ways to Live (1956), student SCAT scores, student cumulative GPA and range of grades. Particular attention was paid to students holding Appollonian and Promethean values, since it was postulated that students holding Appollonian values would have a significantly higher correlation coefficient...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which centrally-held value systems affect scholastic behavior. The variables examined were thirteen discrete value systems generated by Morris' Ways to Live (1956), student SCAT scores, student cumulative GPA and range of grades. Particular attention was paid to students holding Appollonian and Promethean values, since it was postulated that students holding Appollonian values would have a significantly higher correlation coefficient between their SCAT scores and GPA than the student holding Promethean values. Additionally, it was predicted that the mean GPA of the Appollonian students would be significantly greater than that of the Promethean; that the standard deviation of the Appollonian GPA would be significantly less than that of the Promethean, and that the Appollonian range of grades would be significantly less than that of the Promethean students. One hundred and forty-eight students enrolled at the University of Florida were scored on three separate measuring instruments of Morris' Ways to Live and those holding Appollonian or Promethean values were identified by four separate operations. Correlation coefficients between SCAT scores and GPA were obtained for both Appollonian and Promethean students identified under each of the four separate operations. The correlation coefficients of the Appollonian students were compared with those of the Promethean students after being properly transformed for such comparison. In addition, the mean GPA and range of grades of the Appollonian and Promethean students were compared to determine if there were significant differences between both variables for the differing groups of students. Moreover, frequency distribution analysis of all of the thirteen discrete Ways to Live, together with correlation coefficients analysis between them and SCAT, GPA and grade ranges were computed. The main hypothesis and all predictions failed to reach statistical significance at the .01 level , and at the .05 level only on two of the four measures of Appollonianism - Prometheanism were there significant findings , and that solely with regard to differences in mean GPA. Nothing further appeared significant. Moreover, there appeared to be no substantial correlations of SCAT, GPA or grade range with any of the thirteen Ways to Live. Although no strong conclusions can be drawn from the data, they do lead to the speculation that the student sample used in this study was eclectic in the values they held, favoring several other values more than those of Appollonianism and Prometheanism, thus contributing to the non-support of the data to the main hypothesis.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1969
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000827
- Subject Headings
- Personality and academic achievement, Prediction of scholastic success, Personality and intelligence
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The Inactive Self: Mental Representation of Dormant Social Roles.
- Creator
- Moyer, Ryan M., Sagristano, Michael D., Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
A significant portion of the self is constructed from our actions and the roles to which they correspond. Although many of our social roles are enacted regularly, some may lay dormant, yet still influence one's self-concept. We propose that there are systematic differences in mental representation between these inactive roles and more active roles. Specifically, inactive roles should be more likely to be construed in high-level terms, while active roles should be more likely to be construed...
Show moreA significant portion of the self is constructed from our actions and the roles to which they correspond. Although many of our social roles are enacted regularly, some may lay dormant, yet still influence one's self-concept. We propose that there are systematic differences in mental representation between these inactive roles and more active roles. Specifically, inactive roles should be more likely to be construed in high-level terms, while active roles should be more likely to be construed in lowlevel terms. Experiment 1 found that for inactive roles, participants displayed an implicit construal preference for the high-level aspects of the role. Experiment 2 provided evidence that an implicit measure of construal was necessary in order to tap these unconscious associations. These experiments support the hypothesis that inactive social roles are mentally represented in a unique manner with respect to more active roles.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2007
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000801
- Subject Headings
- Self-esteem, Identity (Psychology), Personal construct therapy, Social perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The Influence of Alcohol in Chronic Cocaine Abuse: A Follow up Study.
- Creator
- Simmers, Chad Paul, Rosselli, Monica, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
Background: Alcohol is the substance most commonly abused in combination with cocaine. Few studies have explored the effect of alcohol on memory recovery of chronic cocaine users. Moreover, results from these studies are often contradictory. The current study compared the effects of alcohol in a sample of cocaine dependent individuals, with and without concomitant alcohol abuse, at early and late abstinence. Methods: Verbal and non-verbal memory ability was tested in 18 cocaine only (COC) and...
Show moreBackground: Alcohol is the substance most commonly abused in combination with cocaine. Few studies have explored the effect of alcohol on memory recovery of chronic cocaine users. Moreover, results from these studies are often contradictory. The current study compared the effects of alcohol in a sample of cocaine dependent individuals, with and without concomitant alcohol abuse, at early and late abstinence. Methods: Verbal and non-verbal memory ability was tested in 18 cocaine only (COC) and 30 dual cocaine and alcohol (CA) dependent participants at 2 weeks and around 3 months after admission to a rehabilitation facility. Verbal immediate and delay memory were assessed using the Digit Span subset of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Revised (WAIS-R) and the California Verbal Learning test (CVLT); non verbal immediate and delay memory were measured using the Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT) and the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test (ROCFT). Results: The cocaine participants exhibited a similar memory recovery profile in short term memory tasks independently of their history of alcohol abuse. However, significant group differences emerged in delayed memory tasks. On the ROCFT delayed memory test the CA group performed significantly worse than the COC group with significantly less improvement in scores during abstinence as well. The reduced score enhancement during abstinence in theCA group was also observed in the CVL T delayed memory variables. Conclusions: The present study suggests that the use of alcohol in combination with cocaine may have an effect on memory recovery with specific impact on long-term memory tasks.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2008
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000829
- Subject Headings
- Cocaine abuse--Psychological aspects, Alcoholism--Psychological aspects, Substance abuse--Physiological aspects, Neurobiology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Rhythmicity, synchrony and resonance within the circuit of Papez.
- Creator
- Albo Angelus, Zimbul, Florida Atlantic University, Vertes, Robert P.
- Abstract/Description
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Single unit activity from the anterior thalamus (AT) was recorded in order to investigate discharge profiles during desynchronized (large amplitude irregular activity (LIA)), and synchronized (theta rhythm) patterns of the hippocampal EEG. Units were recorded in urethane-anesthetized rats in the anteroventral (AV, n = 96), the anterodorsal (AD, n = 44) and the anteromedial (AM, n = 48) thalamic nuclei. The majority of the units (n = 164, 87%) were theta-on and a small group (n = 24, 13%) was...
Show moreSingle unit activity from the anterior thalamus (AT) was recorded in order to investigate discharge profiles during desynchronized (large amplitude irregular activity (LIA)), and synchronized (theta rhythm) patterns of the hippocampal EEG. Units were recorded in urethane-anesthetized rats in the anteroventral (AV, n = 96), the anterodorsal (AD, n = 44) and the anteromedial (AM, n = 48) thalamic nuclei. The majority of the units (n = 164, 87%) were theta-on and a small group (n = 24, 13%) was theta-off. Theta-off cells were found in AD and AM nuclei but not in AV. Theta-on cells increased their discharge in presence of hippocampal theta. Mean discharge rate was 6.0 +/- 0.52 Hz and 14.48 +/- 0.96 Hz for AV theta-on cells during control and theta states, 4.43 +/- 0.52 Hz and 10.05 +/- 1.28 Hz for AD theta-on cells, and 2.60 +/- 0.3 Hz and 6.42 +/- 0.9 Hz for AM theta-on cells, respectively. We found that 40% of AV cells showed a rhythmic pattern that peaked significantly at 250--270 ms during theta, 21.9% of AD units and only 5.7% for AM units showed a rhythmic pattern. The majority of AT cells showed unit-theta phase-locked EEG oscillations in the crosscorrelogram, indicating that in spite of low rhythmicity most units firing were modulated at theta frequency. The coherence measured by spectral analysis between unit firing and hippocampal theta was statistically significant in 75% of cases. The anatomical distribution of the cells shows that coherence values were widely distributed across the anterior thalamus. In addition, the particular contribution of this diencephalic structure during theta was determined by applying measures of information flow in the neural circuit of Papez. Partial coherence (PC) analysis together with the computation of causality measures (DTF and DC) was used to study such interaction among AV, retrosplenial cortex and hippocampus. PC analysis revealed hippocampus as the synchronizing structure for rhythmic AV cells and retrosplenial cortex. A link between hippocampus and retrosplenial cortex was found for the non-rhythmic AV group. The DTF analysis showed flow of propagation from AV to hippocampus, hippocampus to retrosplenial cortex and AV to retrosplenial cortex for both groups. The strength of connection changed depending on the state of the animal. Behaviors that have been particularly related to the hippocampal theta activity refer mainly to learning and memory. Activation of large numbers of septo-hippocampal neurons during the generation of the theta rhythm has been proposed as a 'natural tetanizer'. Numerous cellular studies have linked long-term potentiation (LTP) and the hippocampal theta rhythm. The role of theta in memory has been evidenced through lesion studies in animals. Some observations in humans have proposed the anterior thalamus as pivotal for spatial memory. Perhaps the cellular theta activity found in AV plays an important role in the generation and control of the hippocampal theta rhythm and hence in memory and learning.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2002
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/11976
- Subject Headings
- Neural circuitry, Electroencephalography, Hippocampus (Brain)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- STEADY STATE TRANSPORT WITH ISOENERGETIC AND NEUTRINO-ELECTRON SCATTERING.
- Creator
- BALLESTER, JORGE LUIS., Florida Atlantic University, Bruenn, Stephen W.
- Abstract/Description
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Steady state solutions to the Boltzmann transport equation were obtained for the transport of neutrinos across a finite, plane parallel slab using discrete ordinate methods. Semi-analytic solutions were obtained in the case of isoenergetic, isotropic scattering for one energy group and in the restricted case of isoenergetic and nonisoenergetic (Compton), isotropic scattering between two energy groups where the isoenergetic and the Compton scattering rates are the same for the two groups. For...
Show moreSteady state solutions to the Boltzmann transport equation were obtained for the transport of neutrinos across a finite, plane parallel slab using discrete ordinate methods. Semi-analytic solutions were obtained in the case of isoenergetic, isotropic scattering for one energy group and in the restricted case of isoenergetic and nonisoenergetic (Compton), isotropic scattering between two energy groups where the isoenergetic and the Compton scattering rates are the same for the two groups. For these two cases solutions were obtained for total optical thicknesses of 0.2, 2, and 20. When the Compton scattering rates of the two energy groups are allowed to be different, the transport equation becomes nonlinear due to the exclusion principle. For this case a numerical scheme was developed which yielded solutions for slabs having optical thicknesses up to unity.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1980
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14014
- Subject Headings
- Electron transport, Neutron transport theory
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- THE SENSORY BASIS OF HOST LOCATION BY THE PEARLFISH, CARAPUS BERMUDENSIS (JONES).
- Creator
- VAN METER, VICTORIA BROOK., Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
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This study was designed to determine the sensory basis of host location by the pearlfish, Carapus bermudensis (Jones). Forty-eight hour aquaria observations and examination of stomach contents revealed that pearlfish emerge, probably nightly, shortly after dark and feed on small crustaceans. Experiments in a two-way choice apparatus demonstrate that pearlfish locate the host holothurian, Actinopyga agassizi (Selenka), by olfaction. Vision and rheotaxis are not used as alternative methods of'...
Show moreThis study was designed to determine the sensory basis of host location by the pearlfish, Carapus bermudensis (Jones). Forty-eight hour aquaria observations and examination of stomach contents revealed that pearlfish emerge, probably nightly, shortly after dark and feed on small crustaceans. Experiments in a two-way choice apparatus demonstrate that pearlfish locate the host holothurian, Actinopyga agassizi (Selenka), by olfaction. Vision and rheotaxis are not used as alternative methods of' host location or in conjunction with olfaction. These findings are analyzed in terms of the present knowledge of sensory competence in fish.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1974
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13628
- Subject Headings
- Carapidae, Sea cucumbers, Host-parasite relationships
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- A SEASONAL STUDY OF SESSILE MARINE FOULING ORGANISMS IN NORTHERN LAKE WORTH, FLORIDA.
- Creator
- BANE, LENI LORENZ., Florida Atlantic University, Marsh, G. Alex
- Abstract/Description
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Seasonal settling patterns and community development of the fouling complex on gelcoat-covered fiber glass plates (103.22 cm2 ) were observed from September 1976 to September 1977 at three stations in northern Lake Worth, Florida. Percent coverage for each species was estimated using 60 points randomly positioned over the plate area. Physico-chemical conditions at stations 1 and 2 were relatively stable, whereas station 3 was subjected to wide variations in salinity and, to a lesser extent,...
Show moreSeasonal settling patterns and community development of the fouling complex on gelcoat-covered fiber glass plates (103.22 cm2 ) were observed from September 1976 to September 1977 at three stations in northern Lake Worth, Florida. Percent coverage for each species was estimated using 60 points randomly positioned over the plate area. Physico-chemical conditions at stations 1 and 2 were relatively stable, whereas station 3 was subjected to wide variations in salinity and, to a lesser extent, dissolved oxygen. Plates at stations 1 and 2 consistently collected more species than those at station 3. Peak settling and growth at all stations occurred in the spring and early summer. Three species settled only on plates that had been previously colonized. Even though gelcoat-covered fiber glass was designed to discourage fouling, it proved to be a satisfactory substrate for a thriving community.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1979
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13981
- Subject Headings
- Fouling organisms, Marine fouling organisms--Florida--Lake Worth
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Rydberg excitations of benzene using magnetic circular dichroism with synchrotron radiation from 8.41 to 8.33 eV.
- Creator
- Munger, Robert C., Florida Atlantic University, Snyder, Patricia Ann
- Abstract/Description
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This research is devoted in part to investigating the electronic structure of benzene, which will help to provide a foundation for understanding its behavior. Absorption and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) data were collected for benzene and deuterated benzene in the vacuum ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum from 67,870 cm^-1 to 67,155 cm^-1 (8.415 eV to 8.326 eV). MCD data, when considered along with absorption data, gives information about the symmetry designations of...
Show moreThis research is devoted in part to investigating the electronic structure of benzene, which will help to provide a foundation for understanding its behavior. Absorption and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) data were collected for benzene and deuterated benzene in the vacuum ultraviolet region of the electromagnetic spectrum from 67,870 cm^-1 to 67,155 cm^-1 (8.415 eV to 8.326 eV). MCD data, when considered along with absorption data, gives information about the symmetry designations of electronic transitions. It is concluded that benzene and deuterated benzene each show transitions to pz-type and several f-type Rydberg orbitals in this spectral range. In addition, several Fortran computer programs have been developed to aid in the determination of these orbital symmetries.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1995
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15150
- Subject Headings
- Benzene--Structure, Rydberg states, Electronic structure
- Format
- Document (PDF)
