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Title: SQER.
Creator: Chamely-Wiik, Donna M., Haky, Jerome E., Louda, Deborah W., Romance, Nancy
Date Issued: 2014-03-11
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/flvc_fau_islandoraimporter_10.1021_ed300689n_1521555360
Format: Citation

Title: Identification of a truncated form of methionine sulfoxide reductase a expressed in mouse embryonic stem cells.
Creator: Jia, Pingping, Zhang, Chi, Jia, Yuanyuan, Webster, Keith A., Huang, Xupei, Kochegarov, Andrei A., Lemanski, Sharon L., Lemanski, Larry F.
Date Issued: 2011-06-22
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327268
Subject Headings: Cell nucleus -- metabolism, Cloning, Molecular, Cytosol --metabolism, Embryonic Stem Cells --metabolism, Methionine --metabolism, Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases, Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases --metabolism, Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases --genetics, Mitochondria --metabolism, Molecular Sequence Data, Oxidation --Reduction, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Methionine
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Myofibril-Inducing RNA (MIR) is essential for tropomyosin expression and myofibrillogenesis in axolotl hearts.
Creator: Zhang, Chi, Jia, Pingping, Huang, Xupei, Sferrazza, Gian Franco, Athauda, Gagani, Achary, Mohan P., Wang, Jikui, Lemanski, Sharon L., Lemanski, Larry F.
Date Issued: 2009-09-03
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327272
Subject Headings: Ambystoma mexicanum --embryology, Ambystoma mexicanum --genetics, Base Sequence, DNA, Complementary --genetics, Endoderm --physiology, Exons --genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Genes, Recessive, Heart --embryology, Models, Genetic, Molecular Sequence Data, Muscle Proteins --biosynthesis, Muscle Proteins --genetics, Myocardial Contraction --physiology, Protein Isoforms, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Tropomyosin
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Stem cell harvesting protocol research in autologous transplantation setting: Large volume vs. conventional cytapheresis.
Creator: Balint, Bela, Ljubenov, Marika, Stamatovic, Dragana, Todorovic, Milena, Pavlovic, Mirjana, Ostojic, Gordana, Jocic, Miodrag, Trkuljic, Miroljub
Abstract/Description: Background/Aim. The use of peripheral blood as a source of hematopoietic stem cells (SCs) is progressively increasing and has nearly supplanted bone marrow transplantation. Interpatient variability in the degree and kinetics of SC mobilization into peripheral blood is an expected event after conventional chemotherapy–based treatment, followed by sequential administration of recombinant granulocyte–colony– stimulating factor (rHu–CSF). In this study, specific factors associated with the...
Show moreBackground/Aim. The use of peripheral blood as a source of hematopoietic stem cells (SCs) is progressively increasing and has nearly supplanted bone marrow transplantation. Interpatient variability in the degree and kinetics of SC mobilization into peripheral blood is an expected event after conventional chemotherapy–based treatment, followed by sequential administration of recombinant granulocyte–colony– stimulating factor (rHu–CSF). In this study, specific factors associated with the application of two different SC–harvesting approaches, including the use of large volume leukapheresis (LVL) vs. repetitive conventional apheresis (RCA), were analyzed. The basic goal of the study was to evaluate the influence of apheresis protocol (collection timing, processed blood volume and cell yield) upon the clinical outcome of transplantation. Methods. Results obtained by LVL (76 pts) and RCA (20 pts – control group) were compared. The SC mobilizing regimen used was cyclophosphamide (4–7 g/m^2) or polychemotherapy and rHuG–CSF 10–16 μg/kg of body mess (bm) per day. Cell harvesting was performed using COBE-Spectra (Caridian–BCT, USA). The volume of processed blood in LVL setting was ≥ 3.5 – fold of the patient's circulating blood quantity (ranged from 12.7 to 37.8 l). All patients tolerated well the use of intensive treatment, without any side or adverse effects. Our original controlled–rate cryopreservation was carried out with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) using Planer R203/200R or Planer 560–16 equipments (Planer Products Ltd, UK). Total nucleated cell (NC) and mononuclear cell (MNC) counts were examined by flow cytometry (Advia–2120 Bayer, Germany; Technicon H–3 System, USA). The CD34+ cell surface antigen was investigated by the EPICS XL–MCL device (Coulter, Germany). Results. Performing LVL–apheresis, high–level MNC and CD34+ cell yields (7.6±4.6 × 10^8/kg bm and 11.8±6.5 × 10^6/kg bm, respectively) were obtained. As a result, rapid hematopoietic reconstitution ("graft–healing") – on the 9.4th and 12.4th day for granulocytes and platelets, respectively was achieved. Using repetitive conventional apheresis (2–3 procedures), the total MNC count was high (8.2±7.0 × 10^8/kg bm), but the total CD34+ yield was lower 10.8±9.9 due to inferior CD34+ vs. MNC ratio. Conclusion. The results obtained suggest that well–timed LVL–apheresis increased SC–yield in cell harvest, resulting in faster bone marrow repopulation and hematological reconstitution, as well as better overall clinical outcome of transplantation. These results necessitate additional examinations of CD34+ subsets ratio in cell harvest.
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Date Issued: 2008
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FAUIR000042
Format: Citation

Title: Bleeding Risk with Long-Term Low-Dose Aspirin: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.
Creator: García Rodríguez, Luis A., Martín-Pérez, Mar, Hennekens, Charles H., Rothwell, Peter M., Lanas, Angel, Eckle, Tobias
Date Issued: 2016-08-04
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FAUIR000101
Format: Citation

Title: Muscle Contractility and Cell Motility.
Creator: Jin, J.P., Bloch, Robert J., Huang, Xupei, Larsson, Lars
Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FAUIR000102
Format: Citation

Title: Taurine protection of PC12 cells against endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by oxidative stress.
Creator: Pan, Chunliu, Giraldo, Grace S., Prentice, Howard, Wu, Jang-Yen
Date Issued: 2010-08-24
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3327276
Subject Headings: Oxidative Stress, Oxidative Stress --drug effects, Oxidative Stress --physiology, Antioxidants --pharmacology, Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2, PC12 Cells --drug effects, Endoplasmic Reticulum --drug effects, Transcription Factor CHOP, Taurine
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Health-Related Quality of Life and Pain Intensity Among Ethnically Diverse Community- Dwelling Older Adults.
Creator: Park, Juyoung, Engstrom, Gabriella, Tappen, Ruth, Ouslander, Joseph
Abstract/Description: Chronic pain is highly prevalent in older adults and often negatively associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study compared HRQoL, including physical health and mental health, in persons of differing ethnicities, and identified factors associated with pain intensity and HRQoL in ethnically diverse older adults. Older adults with chronic pain from four ethnic groups (African Americans, Afro-Caribbeans, Hispanics, and European Americans) were recruited from the Florida...
Show moreChronic pain is highly prevalent in older adults and often negatively associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study compared HRQoL, including physical health and mental health, in persons of differing ethnicities, and identified factors associated with pain intensity and HRQoL in ethnically diverse older adults. Older adults with chronic pain from four ethnic groups (African Americans, Afro-Caribbeans, Hispanics, and European Americans) were recruited from the Florida Atlantic University Healthy Aging Research Initiative (HARI) registry. The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) was used to evaluate HRQoL, including functional status, emotional well-being, and social functioning. Of 593 persons in the four ethnic groups in the registry, 174 met the inclusion criteria (pain level of four or higher on an 11-point scale, lasting 3 months or longer). Among these 174, African Americans reported the highest level of pain intensity, followed by Afro-Caribbeans, Hispanics, and European Americans. Hispanics reported the highest physical health scores and the lowest mental health scores. In contrast, African Americans reported the highest mental health scores and the lowest physical health scores. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that ethnicity, lower physical health scores, and lower mental health scores were significantly (p # .01) associated with pain intensity. Understanding ethnic variations in response to pain intensity may address gaps in knowledge about HRQoL to reduce disparities in optimal care. Health care providers should consider ethnic norms and cultural diversity to provide optimal interventions for this population.
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Date Issued: 2015
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FAUIR000502
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Role of taurine in the central nervous system.
Creator: Wu, Jang-Yen, Prentice, Howard
Date Issued: 2010-08-24
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FADT3327262
Subject Headings: Central Nervous System --metabolism, Glutamic Acid --metabolism, Homeostasis --physiology, Neuroprotective Agents --metabolism, Neurotransmitter Agents --metabolism, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 --metabolism, Receptors, Neurotransmitter --metabolism, Signal Transduction --physiology, Taurine, Taurine --metabolism, Neuroprotective Agents, Neurotransmitter Agents
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Characterization of Cellular Proteins Binding HIV's Rev Responsive Element (RRE).
Creator: Dhir, Neetika, Caputi, Massimo, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: The RRE is a sequence of the HIV genome which is required for the export of the unspliced mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Previous studies show that RRE on the HIV mRNA binds directly to Rev which then interacts with Ran and CRM 1 to form an export complex. Our results indicate that Ran can interact with the RRE in the absence of Rev and CRM 1 but in the presence of other factor(s) present in the nuclear extract. Ran-GEF or RCC 1 seems to be a potential mediating factor. Our results...
Show moreThe RRE is a sequence of the HIV genome which is required for the export of the unspliced mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Previous studies show that RRE on the HIV mRNA binds directly to Rev which then interacts with Ran and CRM 1 to form an export complex. Our results indicate that Ran can interact with the RRE in the absence of Rev and CRM 1 but in the presence of other factor(s) present in the nuclear extract. Ran-GEF or RCC 1 seems to be a potential mediating factor. Our results suggest that Ran binds directly to RCC 1 and that the binding is disrupted by addition of excess nucleotides and magnesimn. Our suggestion is that Ran and RCC 1 are members of an alternate export pathway present in the HIV. Our observation that the binding is nonspecific makes us speculate that this export pathway may be present in other cell types as well.
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Date Issued: 2007
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000742
Subject Headings: AIDS (Disease)--Genetic aspects, AIDS (Disease)--Molecular aspects, Medical virology, Immunoinformatics
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Effects of Target Neuron Loss on Olfactory Receptor Neurons in the Adult Rat.
Creator: Sultan, Krista K., Guthrie, Kathleen M., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: Unlike most neurons in the adult nervous system, olfactory receptor neurons (ORN), found in the olfactory epithelium (OE), continually turnover in the adult rat. These neurons project their axons to the olfactory bulb which is their central target. The present study eliminated target neurons in the bulb using N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) to examine the effects of target loss on ORN survival and maturation. We compared the effects of the NMDA lesion to bulbectomy, a permanent surgical removal...
Show moreUnlike most neurons in the adult nervous system, olfactory receptor neurons (ORN), found in the olfactory epithelium (OE), continually turnover in the adult rat. These neurons project their axons to the olfactory bulb which is their central target. The present study eliminated target neurons in the bulb using N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) to examine the effects of target loss on ORN survival and maturation. We compared the effects of the NMDA lesion to bulbectomy, a permanent surgical removal of the bulb, which simultaneously causes damage to ORN axons. We found that unlike bulbectomy, large numbers of dying OE cells were not observed at any time after the lesion. The number of immature neurons increased relative to the control side, and the number of mature neurons also slightly increased with time following NMDA lesion. Survival of ORNs does not seem to be significantly altered in the absence of its target.
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Date Issued: 2007
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000838
Subject Headings: Rats--Physiology, Neurophysiology, Apoptosis, Regeneration (Biology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Behavioral sensitization to nicotine in the novelty-seeking phenotype and hippocampal mossy fiber morphology.
Creator: Bhatti, Amrinder S., lsgor, Ceylan, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: In this thesis I studied propensity for behavioral sensitization to nicotine in the LRHR phenotype and associated plasticity in the hippocampal mossy fiber morphology. I also investigated therapeutic effects of bupropion and a cannabinoid receptor antagonist on behavioral and morphological indices in adolescence and adulthood. Male rats were classified into high responders (HR) and low responders (LR) based on their locomotor response to a novel environment. LRHR animals underwent behavioral...
Show moreIn this thesis I studied propensity for behavioral sensitization to nicotine in the LRHR phenotype and associated plasticity in the hippocampal mossy fiber morphology. I also investigated therapeutic effects of bupropion and a cannabinoid receptor antagonist on behavioral and morphological indices in adolescence and adulthood. Male rats were classified into high responders (HR) and low responders (LR) based on their locomotor response to a novel environment. LRHR animals underwent behavioral sensitization to nicotine and after one week of abstinence were challenged with a low dose of nicotine. HRs expressed behavioral sensitization to nicotine and showed an increase in hippocampal mossy fiber terminal field size. AM251 administration during abstinence reversed behavioral sensitization in HRs and bupropion only attenuated the locomotor response to na"ive nicotine exposure. Therapeutic agents had differential effects on mossy fiber morphology dependent on phenotype and age.
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Date Issued: 2008
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000727
Subject Headings: Rats as laboratory animals, Risk-taking (Psychology), Habituation (Neuropsychology), Personality--Physiological aspects, Nicotine--Physiological effect
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Impact forces at the knee joint: A comparative study on running styles.
Creator: Sol, Constanza., Florida Atlantic University, Torok, Don
Abstract/Description: The focus of this study was to quantify changes in impact forces at the knee when changing footstrike. The subjects included 17 heelstrikers (trained = 8, controls = 9). The 12-week training consisted of drills that focused on landing on the midfoot as per the Pose Method of running. The kinematics variables quantified were stride rate, stride length, stance phase, and knee flexion angle at footstrike. The kinetics measured were maximum vertical ground reaction forces at the ground and at the...
Show moreThe focus of this study was to quantify changes in impact forces at the knee when changing footstrike. The subjects included 17 heelstrikers (trained = 8, controls = 9). The 12-week training consisted of drills that focused on landing on the midfoot as per the Pose Method of running. The kinematics variables quantified were stride rate, stride length, stance phase, and knee flexion angle at footstrike. The kinetics measured were maximum vertical ground reaction forces at the ground and at the knee joint during initial impact, and maximum loading rate. The data were analyzed with a repeated measures ANOVA with (P < 0.05). Significant decreases was found in stride rate, stance phase and in all kinetic variables. These preliminary results are encouraging because they demonstrate that changing the footstrike can result in a reduction in impact forces at the knee joint.
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Date Issued: 2001
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12776
Subject Headings: Knee, Running, Joints--Range of motion
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Polyglutamine aggregates stimulate ER stress and trigger apoptosis by activating BH-3 only protein Bim.
Creator: Bhagavatula, Nithya, Wei, Jianning, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurological disorder characterized by a selective loss of neurons in the striatum and cortex leading to involuntary movement, dementia and eventually cell death. HD is caused by an expanded polyglutamine (PolyQ) repeat in Huntingtin (Htt) protein. It is well known that misfolded mutant Htt could form intracellular aggregates, trigger ER stress and ultimately lead to apoptosis. However, the molecular link between ER stress and apoptosis in...
Show moreHuntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurological disorder characterized by a selective loss of neurons in the striatum and cortex leading to involuntary movement, dementia and eventually cell death. HD is caused by an expanded polyglutamine (PolyQ) repeat in Huntingtin (Htt) protein. It is well known that misfolded mutant Htt could form intracellular aggregates, trigger ER stress and ultimately lead to apoptosis. However, the molecular link between ER stress and apoptosis in mitochondria is poorly understood. In the present study, we identified Bim (Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death) as the essential protein. We first established a cellular model of HD by over expressing the Nterminus of wild type and mutant Htt into HEK293 cell lines. We showed that the accumulation and aggregation of misfolded mutant Htt protein triggers ER stress and apoptosis. The Bim protein expression level was greatly increased in mutant Htt transfected cells and this increase was partially due to up-regulation of Bim mRNA as analyzed using quantitative RT-PCR. We further showed that Bim phosphorylation also played an important role in regulating Bim expression. Moreover, up-regulation of Bim facilitates the translocation of Bax to mitochondrial membrane, which lead to cytochrome c release and apoptosis. We also silenced Bim using siRNA to further investigate the essential role of Bim in mutant Htt induced ER stress and apoptosis. Identifying the Bim pathway that is altered in response to the mutant Htt protein is important for understanding the cellular processes impacted by the disease.
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Date Issued: 2008
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000726
Subject Headings: Nervous system--Degeneration--Molecular aspects, Apoptosis, Cellular signal transduction, Huntington's disease--Genetic aspects, Huntington's disease--Pathophysiology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Interleukin 10 (IL-10) selectively inhibits neovascularization in the Murine model of Retinopathy of Prematurity.
Creator: Solomon, Evertz Stenson, Blanks, Janet C., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: Ocular neovascularization (NV), the development of new blood vessels in the eye, occurs when excessive vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is produced. Eventually NV may lead to photoreceptor loss and or blindness, as it does in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and diabetic retinopathy. We tested the hypothesis that the anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-10 (IL-10); can reduce inflammation and block NV in the affected areas of the retina....
Show moreOcular neovascularization (NV), the development of new blood vessels in the eye, occurs when excessive vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is produced. Eventually NV may lead to photoreceptor loss and or blindness, as it does in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and diabetic retinopathy. We tested the hypothesis that the anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-10 (IL-10); can reduce inflammation and block NV in the affected areas of the retina. The mouse ROP model was used for this study of NV. Seven day old neonates stayed in 75% oxygen for five days, then were given intraocular injection of IL-100 and NV was evaluated after seven days in room air. Controls were uninjected contralateral eyes. IL-l 0 strongly inhibited NV without affecting intra-retinal vessels. The selective inhibition of IL-10 on NV suggest a possible therapeutic use in infants with ROP, in diabetic retinopathy, and possibly, in AMD where inflammation is a risk factor.
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Date Issued: 2007
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000833
Subject Headings: Neovascularization, Neovascularization inhibitors, Interleukin-10
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Study of the Coupling Between Transcription and mRNA Processing Utilizing a Novel Bcl-x Mini-gene.
Creator: Devanney, Sean C., Caputi, Massimo, Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description: The Bel family of genes are fundamental to the apoptotic mechanism. Bcl-x a member of this family, is alternatively spliced to create two main isoforms a long (Bcl-xL) and a short (Bcl-xS) variant. The long form exhibits anti-apoptotic activity, while the short form favors apoptosis. The proper balance of expression of these two isoforms is crucial for several developmental processes such as thymic selection and neural reshaping. A number of cancer types have been shown to over-express the...
Show moreThe Bel family of genes are fundamental to the apoptotic mechanism. Bcl-x a member of this family, is alternatively spliced to create two main isoforms a long (Bcl-xL) and a short (Bcl-xS) variant. The long form exhibits anti-apoptotic activity, while the short form favors apoptosis. The proper balance of expression of these two isoforms is crucial for several developmental processes such as thymic selection and neural reshaping. A number of cancer types have been shown to over-express the long form, thereby granting them some protection from apoptosis. To study the transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms regulating gene expression, the Bcl-x gene has been utilized. A complex mini-gene construct has been create in order to monitor the effects that promoter sequences, 5'UTR and 3'UTR's have on mRNA splicing, RNA export, stability and translation. Abundant evidence exists indicating that RNA processing events such as transcription, splicing and export are coupled, yet the mechanisms and factors involved in regulating these processes are poorly understood. The mini-gene is identical to the endogenous gene with the exception of a deletion to the 50Kb intron and the addition of a tag to differentiate the mini-gene product from the endogenous mRNA and protein. This novel system allows for the study of transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms regulating gene expression from RNA biogenesis on to the protein level.
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Date Issued: 2007
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000741
Subject Headings: Genetic transcription, Proteins--Synthesis, Messenger RNA, Gene expression, Oncogenes--Research
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis Perspective on Alzheimer's Disease.
Creator: Elsouri, Kawther, Kantorow, Marc, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science
Abstract/Description: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been defined as a type of dementia that causes problems with memory, thinking, and behavior. AD is characterized by tau tangles and Aβ plaques in and around neurons, respectively. The impact this disease has on its victims’ health, both physically and mentally, is unimaginable and the rate of progression is not expected to decrease any time soon. This threat to our minds encourages the importance of understanding AD. Amongst the theories as to what bio mechanisms...
Show moreAlzheimer’s disease (AD) has been defined as a type of dementia that causes problems with memory, thinking, and behavior. AD is characterized by tau tangles and Aβ plaques in and around neurons, respectively. The impact this disease has on its victims’ health, both physically and mentally, is unimaginable and the rate of progression is not expected to decrease any time soon. This threat to our minds encourages the importance of understanding AD. Amongst the theories as to what bio mechanisms cause the brain to intertwine is the amyloid cascade hypothesis. The purpose of this thesis is to review the amyloid cascade hypothesis and discuss treatments which utilize this model. We also wish to examine social aspects such as loneliness and socioeconomic factors which are associated with the progression of AD. Research presented provides evidence that targeting the accumulation of Aβ in the brain will prevent further biochemical responses to form neurodegenerative pathology. From the collected data, we observe that therapies targeting the amyloidogenic pathway have received positive feedback in the medical community. Amongst them, an Aβ synthetic peptide vaccine which made history in vaccine development due to their responder rate. The impact of social factors such as loneliness in the advancement of AD is also supported by research. While it is acknowledged that any neurodegenerative disease is far too complex to narrow its cause specifically, this thesis provides an association with multiple aspects that can be understood and applied to future research in this field.
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Date Issued: 2018
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005986
Subject Headings: Alzheimer Disease--etiology, Amyloid, Amyloid beta-protein
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: A Study on the Potential Role of Stress Granules and Processing Bodies in Eliminating Oxidatively Damaged RNA.
Creator: Pourkalbassi, Delaram, Li, Zhongwei, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science
Abstract/Description: Oxidative stress (OS) is strongly implicated in age-related neurodegeneration and other diseases. Under OS, the production of excessive oxidants leads to increased damages to cellular components. Recently, RNA has been discovered as a major target of oxidative damage, including the creation of abasic sites. In this work, we developed a method for quantifying abasic RNA in cell. Using this method, we have examined the potential role of the RNA-processing cellular foci, stress granule (SG) and...
Show moreOxidative stress (OS) is strongly implicated in age-related neurodegeneration and other diseases. Under OS, the production of excessive oxidants leads to increased damages to cellular components. Recently, RNA has been discovered as a major target of oxidative damage, including the creation of abasic sites. In this work, we developed a method for quantifying abasic RNA in cell. Using this method, we have examined the potential role of the RNA-processing cellular foci, stress granule (SG) and processing bodies (PB) in eliminating abasic RNA in situ. We demonstrated that RNA is a major target of oxidative damage, constituting the majority of OS-induced abasic nucleic acids in HeLa cell. Importantly, the level of abasic RNA is strongly correlated with SG abundance. Furthermore, inhibition of SG/PB formation causes accumulation of abasic RNA, suggesting that SG/PB participates in removing oxidized RNA and protects cells under OS, which offers novel targets for therapeutic intervention in age-related diseases.
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Date Issued: 2016
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004702
Subject Headings: Aging -- Physiological aspects., Oxidative stress., RNA -- Metabolism.
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Chitin Microparticles (CMPs) Induce M1 Macrophage Activation via Intracellular TLR2 Signaling Mechanism.
Creator: Davis, Spring, Shibata, Yoshimi, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description: Chitin Microparticles (CMPs, 1-10um), a special form of the ubiquitous and nontoxic polysaccharide Chitin (GlcNAc), is capable of inducing a switch in macrophages from the wound-healing M2 phenotype to the classically activated pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype; which has therapeutic implications in allergy and cancer. We hypothesized that TLR2 forms a complex with CMPs and Chitin-Binding Proteins (CBPs) at the surface of peritoneal macrophages and remains with that complex after internalization...
Show moreChitin Microparticles (CMPs, 1-10um), a special form of the ubiquitous and nontoxic polysaccharide Chitin (GlcNAc), is capable of inducing a switch in macrophages from the wound-healing M2 phenotype to the classically activated pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype; which has therapeutic implications in allergy and cancer. We hypothesized that TLR2 forms a complex with CMPs and Chitin-Binding Proteins (CBPs) at the surface of peritoneal macrophages and remains with that complex after internalization to initiate downstream signaling events, leading to the production of the M1 cytokine, TNFalpha. Our results from experiments performed in RAW 264.7 cells show that TLR2 and TLR1, but not TLR6, are associated with the CMP binding fraction, and that both TLR1 and TLR2 might be important for M1 activation as a result of CMP phagocytosis. This project sheds light on CMP as a potential therapeutic agent and provides more evidence for a phagocytosis-dependent TLR2 signaling pathway.
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Date Issued: 2016
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004762, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004762
Subject Headings: Biopharmaceutics., Macrophages., Cell receptors., Ligands (Biochemistry), High performance processors.
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Control of Mitochondrial αB-crystallin Function by Phosphorylation.
Creator: Posada, Angie, Kantorow, Marc, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science
Abstract/Description: αB-crystallin is a small heat-shock chaperone protein (sHSP) required for the homeostasis of multiple tissues including eye lens, retina, heart and brain. Correspondingly, mutation or altered levels of αB-crystallin are associated with multiple degenerative diseases including cataract, retinal degeneration, cardiomyopathy and Lewy body disease. Based on its wide-ranging importance understanding the protective and homeostatic properties of α B-crystallin is critical for understanding...
Show moreαB-crystallin is a small heat-shock chaperone protein (sHSP) required for the homeostasis of multiple tissues including eye lens, retina, heart and brain. Correspondingly, mutation or altered levels of αB-crystallin are associated with multiple degenerative diseases including cataract, retinal degeneration, cardiomyopathy and Lewy body disease. Based on its wide-ranging importance understanding the protective and homeostatic properties of α B-crystallin is critical for understanding degenerative diseases and could lead to the development of therapies to treat these diseases. αB-crystallin is localized to the mitochondria suggesting a direct effect on mitochondrial function. My thesis work has examined those molecular pathways required for translocation of αB-crystallin to the mitochondria and to identify the downstream pathways controlled by mitochondrial translocation of αB-crystallin that could be important for cellular protection and differentiation. My results point to a novel role of αB-crystallin in regulation of key apoptotic pathways that mediate the balance between cell survival and differentiation.
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Date Issued: 2018
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013166
Subject Headings: alpha-Crystallin B Chain, Mitochondria, Phosphorylation, Degenerative diseases
Format: Document (PDF)

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