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Title: The role of identity in posttraumatic growth and psychological adjustment for adults with cancer.
Creator: Abernathy, Barbara E., College of Education, Department of Counselor Education
Abstract/Description: This mixed methods sequential research study was performed to explore the role of identity in posttraumatic growth and psychological adjustment for adults with cancer. One hundred nineteen individuals participated in an online survey which included items from Brief COPE, Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer (Mini-MAC), Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), Sense of Coherence Scale - 3 items (SOC-3), Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Illness Intrusiveness Ratings Scale (IIRS), and...
Show moreThis mixed methods sequential research study was performed to explore the role of identity in posttraumatic growth and psychological adjustment for adults with cancer. One hundred nineteen individuals participated in an online survey which included items from Brief COPE, Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer (Mini-MAC), Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), Sense of Coherence Scale - 3 items (SOC-3), Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Illness Intrusiveness Ratings Scale (IIRS), and Centrality of Event Scale (CES). A two-step cluster analysis divided the sample into two clusters based on the integration of cancer into identity: High Cancer Identity Cluster (cancer identity scores above M) with strong cancer identity and Low Cancer Identity Cluster (scores below the M) with a weak or absent cancer identity. HCIC yielded positive and negative subgroups. A discriminant analysis revealed which variables are significant predictors of group membership: PTG factor New Possibilities (Wilks'l = .781, F (1, 119) = 32.834, p = .000), Psychological Adjustment factor Anxious Preoccupation (Wilks' l= .863, F (1, 119) = 18.612, p = .000), Illness Intrusiveness factor Intimate Relationships (Wilks' l= .794, F (1, 119) = 30.348, p = .000), and Illness Perception factor Perceived Life Impact of Cancer (Wilks' l= .783, F (1, 119) = 32.412, p = .000). From the sample, 17 individuals and spouses/partners were interviewed to obtain a deeper understanding of the lived experience of cancer. Qualitative themes of suffering, woundedness, and uncertainty were found. Narrative data corroborated the quantitative data and contributed depth to the analysis. A new Cancer Identity Process Model was offered in which assimilative and accommodative efforts are informed by identity structures., Performing Normalcy is an assimilative process in which stressful life events such as cancer activate automatic behaviors guided by existing identity structures with the goal of reg As dissonance grows over the inability to re-establish valued former identities, negative affect and intrusive rumination prevails. Individuals then utilize accommodative strategies in a process of Constructing Survivorship to either regain valuable aspect of former identities or to create equally valued new ones.
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Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/187204
Subject Headings: Adjustment (Psychology), Cancer, Psychological aspects, Stress management, Identity (Psychology), Mind and body
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Family resiliency, family needs and community re-integration in persons with brain injury.
Creator: Agonis, Julianne, College of Education, Department of Counselor Education
Abstract/Description: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a disability resulting in functional impairments and heightened dependence on others. Family members of persons with TBI can assume added responsibilities during the adjustment to the disability and rehabilitation process, placing strain on the family system. Community re-integration is a primary goal of the rehabilitation process for persons with TBI as this is a step in developing autonomy and promoting independence and productive activity throughout...
Show moreTraumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a disability resulting in functional impairments and heightened dependence on others. Family members of persons with TBI can assume added responsibilities during the adjustment to the disability and rehabilitation process, placing strain on the family system. Community re-integration is a primary goal of the rehabilitation process for persons with TBI as this is a step in developing autonomy and promoting independence and productive activity throughout different areas of the person's life (e.g., work, social networks, and home life). This study was designed to examine predictors of community re-integration outcomes of TBI survivors and empirically test the resiliency model of family stress, adjustment, and adaptation while incorporating family needs by surveying caregiving family members. Specific aims of the study include validating relationships of the resiliency model with individual and family outcomes in adaptation and supporting future recommendations for healthcare providers working with families with members with TBI.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3342032
Subject Headings: Brain, Wounds and injuries, Patients, Rehabilitation, Families, Psychological aspects, Psychic trauma, Patients, Family relationships, Family assessment, Stress (Psychology)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Pedometers in the curriculum: an instrument to enhance student success through wellness education.
Creator: Allen, Henry J., College of Education, Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion
Abstract/Description: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of a pedometer-based intervention on physical activity and self-efficacy among community college students in wellness classes (N = 154). The intervention included a pretest/posttest physical activity questionnaire, pedometer use, weekly goal setting and self-report of step data via the web. The experimental group wore pedometers daily for ten weeks; the control group wore pedometers for one week at baseline and week ten. Average...
Show moreThe purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of a pedometer-based intervention on physical activity and self-efficacy among community college students in wellness classes (N = 154). The intervention included a pretest/posttest physical activity questionnaire, pedometer use, weekly goal setting and self-report of step data via the web. The experimental group wore pedometers daily for ten weeks; the control group wore pedometers for one week at baseline and week ten. Average weekday physical activity increased 29% for the experimental group and decreased 16% for the control group. Data analysis demonstrated a statistically significant difference due to the treatment regarding step count, differences in mean scores for self-efficacy, and a main effect for treatment for BMI. These results support the effectiveness of pedometer use to increase physical activity and self-efficacy in conjunction with a community college health curriculum.
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Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/215293
Subject Headings: Health promotion, Exercise measurement, Physical education and training, Academic achievement, Psychological aspects
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: EEG in preschool children and the development of empathy.
Creator: Almeida, Amanda N., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Empathy has been shown to have many positive outcomes in individuals at every stage throughout life. It promotes sociability, helping behaviors, and can protect against the development of psychopathology. Evolutionary theorists have hypothesized that humans have a biological predisposition for empathic response. Temperament, as well as parental interaction with children, account for individual differences in empathic response levels. Much research has also looked at maternal depression as a...
Show moreEmpathy has been shown to have many positive outcomes in individuals at every stage throughout life. It promotes sociability, helping behaviors, and can protect against the development of psychopathology. Evolutionary theorists have hypothesized that humans have a biological predisposition for empathic response. Temperament, as well as parental interaction with children, account for individual differences in empathic response levels. Much research has also looked at maternal depression as a key factor in children's negative emotional responding. We used EEG to measure individual differences in children's empathic emotional responding, as well as parental interaction and its impact on empathy and prosocial development. Results show that children rated as being more sociable are more likely to show outward expressions of empathy. Also, those with greater right frontal asymmetry are more likely to assist others in a prosocial manner.
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Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/228771
Subject Headings: Emotions in children, Parent and child, Developmental psychology, Socialization, Psychological aspects, Child development, Helping behavior in children
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The clinical scholar model: a strategy to bridge the theory-practice gap.
Creator: Arnold, Kathryn., Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing
Abstract/Description: The purpose of this study was to evaluate student outcomes following implementation of a clinical scholar model of clinical education in one of four placement sites of a college of nursing grounded in a caring philosophy. The question guiding the study was to determine if the clinical scholar model has an influence on student perceptions and outcomes when used with second-degree accelerated BSN students. Watson's Human Caring theory, based on ten caritas processes, serves as the theoretical...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate student outcomes following implementation of a clinical scholar model of clinical education in one of four placement sites of a college of nursing grounded in a caring philosophy. The question guiding the study was to determine if the clinical scholar model has an influence on student perceptions and outcomes when used with second-degree accelerated BSN students. Watson's Human Caring theory, based on ten caritas processes, serves as the theoretical framework for this study (Watson, 2007). A sequential mixed-methods approach that combined quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques was implemented using a pre-experimental, post-test only design with non-equivalent groups to determine differences between the Traditional Model (TM) and Clinical Scholar Model (CSM) in clinical nursing education... Limitations of this study include low sample size and are partially due to limitations of the class size and low survey participation. Additionally, only CSM students attended a focus group, which prevented comparisons of qualitative feedback between groups. Even with these limitations, CSM students scored as well or better than TM students, indicating that the CSM could be a viable model for nursing clinical education.
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Date Issued: 2013
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3360742
Subject Headings: Nursing, Study and teaching, Nursing, Philosophy, Evidence-based nursing, Nursing, Psychological aspects
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Product placement within violent media: investigating the role of emotion on product memory.
Creator: Berger, Johanna D., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Despite extensive research into memory and violence, relatively little is known about the relationship between violent media and memory of advertised products. Research has yielded contradictory evidence ; some scholars have found a negative relationship, others a nonexistent one... This research investigated the role of emotion in the relationship between violent media and product placement memory. This study creates insight into inconclusive previous findings by providing evidence that...
Show moreDespite extensive research into memory and violence, relatively little is known about the relationship between violent media and memory of advertised products. Research has yielded contradictory evidence ; some scholars have found a negative relationship, others a nonexistent one... This research investigated the role of emotion in the relationship between violent media and product placement memory. This study creates insight into inconclusive previous findings by providing evidence that violence influences product memory. Specifically, participants were significantly worse at remembering products placed within violent clips (e.g., free recall, cued recall, recognition. Participants' emotional responses to the violent clips also appeared to influence their memory for embedded products ; product recognition was significantly correlated with disgust, avoidance, and interest ratings.... Interestingly, stronger negative responses to the violent clips were correlated with decreased preference for the embedded products. Furthermore, the pattern of differences for product preference between target and non-target violent products varied according to negative emotional reaction. Therefore, this dissertation provides insight into the role emotion plays in the relationship between viewing violent media and product placement memory.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3358283
Subject Headings: Mass media, Marketing, Advertising, Psychological aspects, Persuasion (Psychology), Product placement in mass media, Violence in mass media, Psychological aspects, Human information processing, Research
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: More branches on the oldest tree: tradition and experimentation through improvisation in the music of post-Katrina New Orleans.
Creator: Bethea, David., Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of Visual Arts and Art History
Abstract/Description: On Monday August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina made landfall in Southeast Louisiana bringing with it destruction to much of the Gulf Coast. While New Orleans, one of America's most culturally and artistically significant cities, was spared a direct hit, the subsequent flood devastated much of the city, home to many musicians. The devastation and stress from the storm established a situation and a motivator for creative response, and this dissertation illustrates that the music these musicians...
Show moreOn Monday August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina made landfall in Southeast Louisiana bringing with it destruction to much of the Gulf Coast. While New Orleans, one of America's most culturally and artistically significant cities, was spared a direct hit, the subsequent flood devastated much of the city, home to many musicians. The devastation and stress from the storm established a situation and a motivator for creative response, and this dissertation illustrates that the music these musicians produce is a manifestation and continuation of New Orleans' cultural atmosphere. The city's historical allowance and celebration of freedom of expression permits New Orleans' current musicians to be innovative and responsive to the events surrounding the disaster. This project, designed as a qualitative research study, identifies four professional musicians who are established in the musical environment of New Orleans. To illustrate the depth of tradition and experimentation that their music evokes, the music of post- Katrina New Orleans is given historical contextualization and set in comparison to music that was inspired by a past catastrophe, the 1927 flood. Through the holistic exploration of the present circumstances of these four musicians, it becomes clear that New Orleans remains a place that is extremely open to change and that experimental music flourishes at the same time that traditional jazz lives on through new performers, who walk in the footsteps of legends. From interviews conducted with these four individuals, as well as other on-site observations, the emotional, physical, and financial effects of Hurricane Katrina are identified and recorded., Central to this study is the author's own knowledge of music and experience in musical dialogue - it is through the interaction of the author and the subjects that important events and characteristics, which could be documented, actually emerged.This project reveals the influence that the storm has had on the individual musician and it demonstrates that while all four musicians are caught up in the whirlwind of recovery in New Orleans, their music remains rooted in the fundamental characteristic that is associated historically with New Orleans' music, improvisation. By the same token, it also shows that while each person may have had to suffer the same conditions, the musical response from each musician was unique.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/2953204
Subject Headings: Improvisation (Music), Hurricane Katrina, 2005, Psychological aspects, Composition (Music), Psychological aspects, Arts and society, Social conditions
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The relationship bertween wellness and burnout among novice counselors.
Creator: Bilot, Jennifer., College of Education, Department of Counselor Education
Abstract/Description: The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between wellness and burnout among novice counselors. This research was carried out in order to gain a better understanding of the experience of the novice counselor as well as to gain insight into the effects of wellness and burnout on these experiences. The significance of this research lies in the need to understand the novice counselor's journey, the factors that can contribute to or prevent burnout, and the potential prevention...
Show moreThe purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between wellness and burnout among novice counselors. This research was carried out in order to gain a better understanding of the experience of the novice counselor as well as to gain insight into the effects of wellness and burnout on these experiences. The significance of this research lies in the need to understand the novice counselor's journey, the factors that can contribute to or prevent burnout, and the potential prevention and intervention strategies that can be employed in response to burnout. The data of a final sample of 144 participants' scores on the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), The Five Factor Wellness Evaluation of Lifestyle (5F-Wel), and a demographic questionnaire were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences in order to explore the relationships between wellness and burnout. The researcher found significant relationships between demographic factors of the novice counselor, including age, years of experience, and number of hours delivering counseling services, and both the MBI and the 5F-Wel. The researcher also found a relationship between all factors of wellness and the three subscales of burnout. A particularly important finding was the significance of the Coping Self, Physical Self, and Creative Self subscales of wellness to the subscales of burnout. The implications of the findings include the development of specific intervention and prevention strategies for novice counselors. Limitations of this research include the relatively small sample size, potential bias among the participants who chose to complete the survey, and the limited generalizability.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3355624
Subject Headings: Work, Psychological aspects, Burn out (Psychology), Prevention, Job stress, Clinical health psychology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The development of jealousy.
Creator: Blau, Alexis K., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Jealousy is a response to a situation in which a person feels a combination of different emotions, such as love, anger, sadness and fear when an affectionate interaction is happening between a loved one and someone else. This paper discusses the definition and onset of infant jealousy, the physiological basis of jealousy, whether maternal factors play a role, as well as studies on jealousy and EEG patterns. It has been argued that infants, as young as six-months-old display jealous-like...
Show moreJealousy is a response to a situation in which a person feels a combination of different emotions, such as love, anger, sadness and fear when an affectionate interaction is happening between a loved one and someone else. This paper discusses the definition and onset of infant jealousy, the physiological basis of jealousy, whether maternal factors play a role, as well as studies on jealousy and EEG patterns. It has been argued that infants, as young as six-months-old display jealous-like behaviors. During jealousy evocation conditions, infants demonstrate negative emotions such as protesting or crying, diminished distancing, and heightened gaze toward their mother during maternal inattention. Approach/withdrawal behaviors and electroencephalography (EEG) activation were studied in the context of an infant jealousy paradigm. In this investigation, 45 mother-infants dyads were exposed to a social versus non-social condition during maternal inattention. During the social condition, infants demonstrated increased approach-style gaze and reach and negative affect. EEG was collected during all conditions on a subsample of 15 infants and in agreement with adult jealousy literature (Harmon-Jones, Peterson, & Harris, 2009), infants displayed left midfrontal EEG asymmetry, and displayed more approach motivations during the social doll condition indicative of jealousy approach motivations.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/2953203
Subject Headings: Jealousy, Psychological aspects, Emotions and cognition, Parent and infant, Behavioral assessment of infants, Social perception in children
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The war within houses.
Creator: Boles, Hillary., Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Department of English
Abstract/Description: This work of creative nonfiction is meant to explore the effects of combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder in American war veterans and their families. As a work of blended literary journalism and memoir, the author interviewed afflicted veterans from World War II to the current Iraq and Afghanistan wars, included scholarly research, and reflected on how her father's dealings with the disorder have affected her family.
Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/187205
Subject Headings: Symbolism in literature, Post-traumatic stress disorder, Patients, Family relationships, Reportage literature, Technique, Creative writing (Higher education), Veterans, Mental health, War, Psychological aspects
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Imperialism and the 1999 Women's World Cup: representations of the United States and Nigerian national teams in the U.S.
Creator: Canning, Michele., Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, Center for Women, Gender and Sexuality Studies
Abstract/Description: This research examines the U.S. media during the 1999 Women's World Cup from a feminist postcolonial standpoint. This research adds to current feminist scholarship on women and sports by de-centering the global North in its discourse. It reveals the bias of the media through the representation of the United States National Team as a universal "woman" athlete and the standard for international women's soccer. It further argues that, as a result, the Nigerian National Team was cast in...
Show moreThis research examines the U.S. media during the 1999 Women's World Cup from a feminist postcolonial standpoint. This research adds to current feminist scholarship on women and sports by de-centering the global North in its discourse. It reveals the bias of the media through the representation of the United States National Team as a universal "woman" athlete and the standard for international women's soccer. It further argues that, as a result, the Nigerian National Team was cast in simplistic stereotypes of race, class, ethnicity, and nation, which were often also appropriated and commodified. I emphasize that the Nigerian National Team resisted this construction and fought to secure their position in the global soccer landscape. I conclude that these biased representations, which did not fairly depict or value the contributions of diverse competing teams, were primarily employed to promote and sell the event to a predominantly white middle-class American audience.
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Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/192982
Subject Headings: Women soccer players, Soccer for women, Imperialism, Psychological aspects, Nationalism and sports, Mass media and sports
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Attentional and affective responses to complex musical rhythms.
Creator: Chapin, Heather L., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences
Abstract/Description: I investigated how two types of rhythmic complexity, syncopation and tempo fluctuation, affect the neural and behavioral responses of listeners. The aim of Experiment 1 was to explore the role of attention in pulse and meter perception using complex rhythms. A selective attention paradigm was used in which participants attended either to a complex auditory rhythm or a visually presented list of words. Performance on a reproduction task was used to gauge whether participants were attending to...
Show moreI investigated how two types of rhythmic complexity, syncopation and tempo fluctuation, affect the neural and behavioral responses of listeners. The aim of Experiment 1 was to explore the role of attention in pulse and meter perception using complex rhythms. A selective attention paradigm was used in which participants attended either to a complex auditory rhythm or a visually presented list of words. Performance on a reproduction task was used to gauge whether participants were attending to the appropriate stimulus. Selective attention to rhythms led to increased BOLD (Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent) responses in basal ganglia, and basal ganglia activity was observed only after the rhythms had cycled enough times for a stable pulse percept to develop. These observations show that attention is needed to recruit motor activations associated with the perception of pulse in complex rhythms. Moreover, attention to the auditory stimulus enhanced activity in an attentional sensory network including primary auditory, insula, anterior cingulate, and prefrontal cortex, and suppressed activity in sensory areas associated with attending to the visual stimulus. In Experiment 2, the effect of tempo fluctuation in expressive music on emotional responding in musically experienced and inexperienced listeners was investigated. Participants listened to a skilled music performance, including natural fluctuations in timing and sound intensity that musicians use to evoke emotional responses, and a mechanical performance of the same piece, that served as a control. Participants reported emotional responses on a 2-dimensional rating scale (arousal and valence), before and after fMRI scanning. During fMRI scanning, participants listened without reporting emotional responses. Tempo fluctuations predicted emotional arousal ratings for all listeners., Expressive performance was associated with BOLD increases in limbic areas for all listeners and in limbic and reward related areas forthose with musical experience. Activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate, which may reflect temporal expectancy, was also dependent on the musical experience of the listener. Changes in tempo correlated with activity in a mirror neuron network in all listeners, and mirror neuron activity was associated with emotional arousal in experienced listeners. These results suggest that emotional responding to music occurs through an empathic motor resonance.
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Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/368606
Subject Headings: Perceptual-motor learning, Musical perception, Computational neuroscience, Emotions in music, Music, Psychological aspects
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: GIving voice to historical trauma through storytelling: the impact of boarding school experience on American Indians.
Creator: Charbonneau-Dahlen, Barbara K., Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing
Abstract/Description: Objectives: This study documented events contributing to historical trauma among American Indian mission boarding school survivors, described residual effects of that trauma, and verified the Dream Catcher-Medicine Wheel model as a culturally appropriate tool that enhanced storytelling. Research Design and Methods: Nine women from two Upper Plains tribes were located through snowball sampling and participant referrals. A descriptive exploratory qualitative approach facilitated them in...
Show moreObjectives: This study documented events contributing to historical trauma among American Indian mission boarding school survivors, described residual effects of that trauma, and verified the Dream Catcher-Medicine Wheel model as a culturally appropriate tool that enhanced storytelling. Research Design and Methods: Nine women from two Upper Plains tribes were located through snowball sampling and participant referrals. A descriptive exploratory qualitative approach facilitated them in relating their survival stories. Seven were tape-recorded and two were hand-written on the Dream Catcher-Medicine Wheel, a model specifically designed for this study; this, combined with traditional spiritual grounding ceremonies, enhanced perspective for researcher and participants alike. Data Analysis: Liehr and Smith's (2008) Story Theory guided the methodology in the data gathering and analysis process using the Dream Catcher-Medicine Wheel combined with taped and written storytelling sessions. Major themes were categorized and supported with interview quotes through inductive analysis of the two research questions: What were the health challenges faced by survivors of American Indian mission boarding schools over time?, and, How have American Indian mission boarding school survivors resolved the health challenges they have faced over time? The first theme, subdivided into Breaking and Silencing of Spirit, examined physical, mental, and sexual abuse. The second theme, Survival of Spirit, examined relationships/parenting, coping/substance abuse, and spirituality. Findings: The seven dimensions described in Lowe and Struthers' (2001) Nursing in Native American Culture Conceptual Framework provided the value structure used for interpretation of findings. Implications for practice and research were related to the seven dimensions as culturally appropriate parameters for nursing., Data analysis identified disturbing themes; unanticipated candor emerged, possibly owing to the fact that the researcher is a historical trauma survivor. Despite having survived historical trauma through the survival of the spirit, each participant struggles to resolve health challenges to this day. Unable to voice mission boarding school experiences for most of their adult lives, each affirmed the rediscovery of Native spirituality empowering; all expressed appreciation for traditional methods woven into storytelling sessions, particularly the Dream Catcher-Medicine Wheel, and all indicated they experienced release and healing through telling their stories. Key words: American Indian; historical trauma; nursing; boarding school; Dream Catcher-Medicine Wheel.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/2975245
Subject Headings: Psychic trauma in children, Treatment, Resilience (Personality trait), Identity (Psychology), Indians of North America, Cultural assimilation, Indians of North America, Social conditions, Indians of North America, Medical care, Boarding schools, History, Narrative therapy, Interpersonal relations in children, Psychological aspects
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Gender, sports, and adjustment in preadolescent children.
Creator: Cooper, Patrick J., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: The fact that 45% of boys and 32% of girls in the United States participate in youth sports suggests that sports participation might be an important influence on children's psychosocial development. This study explored: (1) how children's gender cognitions influence sports self-efficacy and (2) how sports self-efficacy influences children's psychosocial adjustment. Results suggest that for boys, felt pressure to conform to gender standards and the belief that sports is important for boys...
Show moreThe fact that 45% of boys and 32% of girls in the United States participate in youth sports suggests that sports participation might be an important influence on children's psychosocial development. This study explored: (1) how children's gender cognitions influence sports self-efficacy and (2) how sports self-efficacy influences children's psychosocial adjustment. Results suggest that for boys, felt pressure to conform to gender standards and the belief that sports is important for boys influence sports self-efficacy. In girls, both the belief that sports is important for girls and the belief that sports is important for boys predicted sports self-efficacy. Sports self-efficacy predicted benefits for girls adjustment (high self-esteem, higher body satisfaction, lower depression and lower anxiety) but both positive and negative outcomes for boys (higher narcissism, higher aggression, and lower depression and lower anxiety). The findings overall suggest that the correlates of sports self-efficacy are somewhat different for boys and for girls.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/1927605
Subject Headings: Physical education and training, Psychological aspects, Sports, Psychological aspects, Adjustment (Psychology) in children, Sex differences (Psychology), Gender identity, Identity (Psychology) in adolescence
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Personality and the news: the Five-Factor Model and headline preferences.
Creator: Curry, Mila., Harriet L. Wilkes Honors College
Abstract/Description: The current study examines the relationship between the Five-Factor Model of Personality and preferences for news headlines. This is an online study in which participants were presented two headlines and were asked to choose one of them. Next, participants were asked to fill out a personality inventory. In the results we examine whether certain personality types are more likely to read certain news stories. Authors created five news headline domains, which were intended to map onto the Five...
Show moreThe current study examines the relationship between the Five-Factor Model of Personality and preferences for news headlines. This is an online study in which participants were presented two headlines and were asked to choose one of them. Next, participants were asked to fill out a personality inventory. In the results we examine whether certain personality types are more likely to read certain news stories. Authors created five news headline domains, which were intended to map onto the Five-Factor Model of Personality. As hypothesized, Openness to Experience significantly (p < .05) predicted selection of items within the news headline domain entitled Culture. The study also found that personality can be predicted from news headline selection.
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Date Issued: 2008
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/77663
Subject Headings: Personality and culture, Emotional intelligence, Image (Psychology), Mass media, Psychological aspects, Five-Factor Model of Personality
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: An exploration of factors affecting the academic success of students in a college quantitative business course.
Creator: Davis, Mary M., College of Education, Department of Educational Leadership and Research Methodology
Abstract/Description: The American Association of Colleges and Universities reports that over 50% of the students entering colleges and universities are academically under prepared; that is, according to Miller and Murray (2005), students "lack basic skills in at least one of the three fundamental areas of reading, writing, and mathematics". Furthermore, approximately 30% of the students in a state university undergraduate quantitative business course fail or withdraw from the course. The purpose of this study was...
Show moreThe American Association of Colleges and Universities reports that over 50% of the students entering colleges and universities are academically under prepared; that is, according to Miller and Murray (2005), students "lack basic skills in at least one of the three fundamental areas of reading, writing, and mathematics". Furthermore, approximately 30% of the students in a state university undergraduate quantitative business course fail or withdraw from the course. The purpose of this study was to explore non-cognitive and cognitive factors that may be related to the academic success of those students enrolled in the course. To this end, a survey was conducted, collecting the perceptions and opinions of 301 undergraduate college of business students with regard to relevant constructs such as cognitive load, mathematics and general self-efficacy, math anxiety, and motivation. Additional data were collected from the students' transcripts. Findings revealed that the significant cognitive factors contributing to the academic success were the overall GPA of the students as well as the average of their grades in the two prerequisite courses. The statistically significant non-cognitive factors related to the final exam score were the students' perceived levels of cognitive load and mathematics self-efficacy. A moderating effect of mathematics self-efficacy was revealed between the final exam score and overall GPA; however, other selected potential moderators of the final exam score and cognitive load were not significant. Post-hoc analyses verified no significant difference in the final exam score for gender or race; however, a statistically significant difference was found on cognitive load for different instructors. The findings emphasized the importance of prior knowledge and instructional design as both are sensitive to cognitive load (Mayer & Moreno, 2003; Sweller, 1999)., The implications of the findings resulted in the recommendation that knowledge should be addressed through appropriate advising as well as pretests at the onset of the course. Finally, the course instructors should take into consideration various instructional design techniques to reduce cognitive load. Recommendations are made for future practice with a focus on inclusive pedagogical methodologies and further research directions with promising potential predictors.
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Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/331845
Subject Headings: Academic achievement, Psychological aspects, Learning, Psychology of, Motivation in education, Achievement motivation in education, School improvement programs
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Dissipating hostility through feminine rhetorical style: Barbara Bush and the petitioners of Wellesley College.
Creator: Doran, Bethany Lynne., Gorbacheva, Raisa Maksimovna, Wellesley College, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters, School of Communication and Multimedia Studies
Abstract/Description: This study uses Karlyn Campbell's concept of feminine rhetorical style as a theoretical framework for analyzing the rhetoric of Barbara Bush's 1990 Wellesley College commencement address. Through a systematic evaluation of Barbara Bush's speech, this study reveals that her rhetoric exemplifies feminine rhetorical style. The analysis also concludes that Barbara Bush's personal tone, specifically her use of narrative and humor, is the most useful and effective characteristic of her feminine...
Show moreThis study uses Karlyn Campbell's concept of feminine rhetorical style as a theoretical framework for analyzing the rhetoric of Barbara Bush's 1990 Wellesley College commencement address. Through a systematic evaluation of Barbara Bush's speech, this study reveals that her rhetoric exemplifies feminine rhetorical style. The analysis also concludes that Barbara Bush's personal tone, specifically her use of narrative and humor, is the most useful and effective characteristic of her feminine rhetorical style. Using feminine rhetorical style, Barbara Bush successfully dissipates some of the tension she faced prior to the graduation ceremony at Wellesley College. Therefore, this study reveals that feminine rhetorical style is an attractive alternative for speakers seeking to build identification in hostile situations when identification is, or appears to be, lacking.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/2100573
Subject Headings: Influence, Criticism and interpretation, Feminist theory, Narration (Rhetoric), Psychological aspects, Persuasion (Rhetoric)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The relationship of self-directed learning readiness to knowledge-based and performance-based measures of success in third-year medical students.
Creator: Findley, Brian W., College of Education, Department of Educational Leadership and Research Methodology
Abstract/Description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the self-directed learning (SDL) readiness of third-year medical students in comparison to previously reported scores for the general population; the relationship between SDL readiness and knowledge-based and performance-based measures of success in a medical school using an integrated medical curriculum; and to determine if knowledge-based and performance-based measures of success are significant in predicting Self-Directed Learning Readiness...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the self-directed learning (SDL) readiness of third-year medical students in comparison to previously reported scores for the general population; the relationship between SDL readiness and knowledge-based and performance-based measures of success in a medical school using an integrated medical curriculum; and to determine if knowledge-based and performance-based measures of success are significant in predicting Self-Directed Learning Readiness Survey/Learner Preference Assessment (SDLRS/LPA) and National Board of Medical Examiners Family Medicine Shelf Examination (NBME-FM) scores. This study analyzed SDLRS/LPA scores, knowledge-based scores (NBME-FM), performance-based scores (Objective Structured Clinical Examination [OSCE] and preceptor rating), and a combination of knowledge-based and performance-based scores (final grade). Analyses of 873 students resulted in mean scores of 229.06 + 23.19 for the SDLRS/LPA. Correlations were significant (p < .05) for SDLRS/LPA scores to NBME-FM scores (r = .073, p < .05). OSCE scores (r = .133, p < .01), and final grade (r = .138, p < .01). Regression analysis revealed that the total model of NBME-FM, OSC AVG, and preceptor rating predicted 2.1% of the variation in SDLRS/LPA, which was significant (p < .01). Regression analysis revealed that SDLRS/LPA, OSC AVG and preceptor ratings predicted 9.7% of the variance in NBME-FM, which was significant (p < .001). The results support previous findings that medical students' levels of SDL readiness are higher than the general population mean of 214.0 + 23.49., While the SDLRS/LPA scores of medical students with knowledge-based and performance-based examinations were modest, they mirror the relationships that have appeared consistently across a number of studies and indicate a tendency for students with higher levels of SDL to perform better in medical preparation programs.The SDLRS/LPA adds an important dimension to the assessment of medical students, addressing the emphasis on ensuring that physician preparation programs produce practitioners who are likely to be continuing, lifelong learners. This investigation of SDL in medical education was unique in that it may be the first to look at the relationships of SDLRS/LPA scores with both knowledge-based and performance-based measures as well as with a combination of knowledge-based and performance-based measures.
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Date Issued: 2009
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/221949
Subject Headings: Learning, Psychology of, Experiential learning, Academic achievement, Psychological aspects, Self-culture, Evaluation, Educational tests and measurements
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Watching a life over time: the effects of viewing a videotaped longitudinal portrayal on cultural worldviews.
Creator: Franz, Stephanie., Harriet L. Wilkes Honors College
Abstract/Description: Terror management theory focuses on defenses used to buffer the anxiety caused by the awareness of death. This study attempted to induce an effect opposite to anxiety interpersonal connectedness-using a video clip. This feeling of connectedness was anticipated to decrease the need for the defenses described by terror management theory, and more specifically to lower the need for cultural worldview defense. Participants were assigned to one of two video conditions: the control video condition ...
Show moreTerror management theory focuses on defenses used to buffer the anxiety caused by the awareness of death. This study attempted to induce an effect opposite to anxiety interpersonal connectedness-using a video clip. This feeling of connectedness was anticipated to decrease the need for the defenses described by terror management theory, and more specifically to lower the need for cultural worldview defense. Participants were assigned to one of two video conditions: the control video condition (K-Web) or the experimental video condition (42-Up). After the video clip was shown, participants judged a list of social transgressions and rated the amount of punishment they felt the transgressor deserved. Individuals with high levels of self-esteem and positive affect were found to be more punitive than their counterparts, but the amount of punishment doled out to the transgressors was lower in the experimental video groups than in the control video groups.
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Date Issued: 2007
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/11617
Subject Headings: Interpersonal relations, Terrorism, Psychological aspects, Attitude (Psychology), Testing
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Sports and its effects on gender typing.
Creator: Frias, Arian., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Sports and its effects on children have been researched for the benefits that it may bring. The purpose of this study is to see if sports competency, assessed by both peer reports and self-reports, benefits both boys and girls and whether it protects children who generally are gender-atypical from adjustment difficulties and also to see if there are any interactive influences of cross-gender typing and sports competency on self-esteem, depression, and other adjustment indexes. Our results...
Show moreSports and its effects on children have been researched for the benefits that it may bring. The purpose of this study is to see if sports competency, assessed by both peer reports and self-reports, benefits both boys and girls and whether it protects children who generally are gender-atypical from adjustment difficulties and also to see if there are any interactive influences of cross-gender typing and sports competency on self-esteem, depression, and other adjustment indexes. Our results found that there was a significant interaction between sports competence and cross-gender typing when looking at popularity and also a significant interaction between sports self-efficacy and cross-gender typing when looking at self-esteem. Our data did not provide sufficient support for our buffering hypothesis, but it allowed for us to conclude that self-esteem of low-cross-gender-typed children profit more from high sports self-efficacy and suffer more from low sports self-efficacy than the self-esteem of high-cross-gender-typed children.
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Date Issued: 2011
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3175020
Subject Headings: Physical education and training, Psychological aspects, Sports, Psychological aspects, Gender identity, Sex discrimination in sports, Self-esteem
Format: Document (PDF)

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