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- Title
- Alternative Biological Roles of Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases in Drosophila melanogaster.
- Creator
- Wilson, Kelsey, Binninger, David, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
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The oxidation of methionine (Met) into methionine sulfoxide (met-(o)) leads to deleterious modifications to a variety of cellular constituents. These deleterious alterations can be reversed by enzymes known as methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msr). The Msr (MsrA and MsrB) family of enzymes have been studied extensively for their biological roles in reducing oxidized Met residues back into functional Met. A wide range of studies have focused on Msr both in vivo and in vitro using a variety of...
Show moreThe oxidation of methionine (Met) into methionine sulfoxide (met-(o)) leads to deleterious modifications to a variety of cellular constituents. These deleterious alterations can be reversed by enzymes known as methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msr). The Msr (MsrA and MsrB) family of enzymes have been studied extensively for their biological roles in reducing oxidized Met residues back into functional Met. A wide range of studies have focused on Msr both in vivo and in vitro using a variety of model organisms. More specifically, studies have noted numerous processes affected by the overexpression, under expression, and silencing of MsrA and MsrB. Collectively, the results of these studies have shown that Msr is involved in lifespan and the management of oxidative stress. More recent evidence is emerging that supports existing biological functions of Msr and theorizes the involvement of Msr in numerous biological pathways.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2018
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005980
- Subject Headings
- Drosophila melanogaster, Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases, Oxidative stress
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Developmental delays in methionine sulfoxide reductase mutants in Drosophila Melanogaster.
- Creator
- Hausman, William, Binninger, David, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
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Aging is a biological process that has many detrimental effects due to the accumulation of oxidative damage to key biomolecules due to the action of free radicals. Methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr) functions to repair oxidative damage to methionine residues. Msr comes in two forms, MsrA and MsrB, each form has been shown to reduce a specific enantiomer of bound and free oxidized methionine. Effects of Msr have yet to be studied in the major developmental stages of Drosophila melanogaster...
Show moreAging is a biological process that has many detrimental effects due to the accumulation of oxidative damage to key biomolecules due to the action of free radicals. Methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr) functions to repair oxidative damage to methionine residues. Msr comes in two forms, MsrA and MsrB, each form has been shown to reduce a specific enantiomer of bound and free oxidized methionine. Effects of Msr have yet to be studied in the major developmental stages of Drosophila melanogaster despite the enzymes elevated expression during these stages. A developmental timeline was determined for MsrA mutant, MsrB mutant, and double null mutants against a wild type control. Results show that the Msr double mutant is delayed approximately 20 hours in the early/mid third instar stage while each of the single mutants showed no significant difference to the wild type. Data suggests that the reasoning of this phenomenon is due to an issue gaining mass.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004200, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004200
- Subject Headings
- Aging -- Molecular aspects, Cellular signal transduction, Drosophila melanogaster -- Genetics, Mitochondrial pathology, Mutation (Biology), Oxidative stress
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Effects of Serotonin Modulation on Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase Deficient Drosophila melanogaster.
- Creator
- Hamadeh, Ali, Binninger, David, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
- Abstract/Description
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Methionine sulfoxide reductase (MSR) is an important antioxidant to help mitigate oxidative stress that contributes to age-associated neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease. In MSR deficient Drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies), larvae show a developmental delay like that seen when wild-type larvae are reared on nutrient deficit culture medium. These investigators further showed that serotonin levels were depressed in these nutrient deficient larvae....
Show moreMethionine sulfoxide reductase (MSR) is an important antioxidant to help mitigate oxidative stress that contributes to age-associated neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease. In MSR deficient Drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies), larvae show a developmental delay like that seen when wild-type larvae are reared on nutrient deficit culture medium. These investigators further showed that serotonin levels were depressed in these nutrient deficient larvae. The overarching aim of this study was to better understand the role of serotonin in MSR regulated physiology. Supplementing food with serotonin partially rescued the slower mouth hook movements (MHM) observed in the MSR-deficient flies. However, supplementation with serotonin altering drugs that cross the blood brain barrier (5-hydroxytryptophan, fluoxetine, or paravi chlorophenylalanine) did not rescue MHM and caused impairments to the growth of larvae during development. This study indicates that serotonin regulates feeding behavior partially through the regulation of MSR production but acts independently to regulate development.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2021
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013761
- Subject Headings
- Drosophila melanogaster, Methionine sulfoxide reductase, Serotonin
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Interfamilial relationships of Cactaceae within the dicot order, Caryophyllales.
- Creator
- Oliver, James Evans, Florida Atlantic University, Austin, Daniel F., Binninger, David, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
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The position of the cactus family, Cactaceae, within the order Caryophyllales was examined by outgroup analysis of chloroplast rbcL gene sequence data. Comparative data came from 28 outgroup species in 15 families and six ingroup species. Phylogenetic Analysis with PAUP 3.1 produced twelve equally parsimonious trees; these were used to generate a strict consensus tree. MacClade 3.06 was used to refine the polytomies in the consensus tree. Analysis indicates that the Cactaceae is a...
Show moreThe position of the cactus family, Cactaceae, within the order Caryophyllales was examined by outgroup analysis of chloroplast rbcL gene sequence data. Comparative data came from 28 outgroup species in 15 families and six ingroup species. Phylogenetic Analysis with PAUP 3.1 produced twelve equally parsimonious trees; these were used to generate a strict consensus tree. MacClade 3.06 was used to refine the polytomies in the consensus tree. Analysis indicates that the Cactaceae is a monophyletic clade; moreover, these results support the work of other analyses that the sister family to Cactaceae is the Portulacaceae. Other relationships within the order are not completely consistent with previous studies. For example Molluginaceae and Caryophyllaceae occupy a central position in the cladogram; Achatocarpaceae aligns with the Amaranthaceae and Chenopodiaceae; and Basellaceae is presented as the basal family within the order. Lastly, the Jamaican cactus Opuntia spinosissima was derived from a common ancestor with the Florida Keys endemic, Opuntia corallicola.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1998
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15593
- Subject Headings
- Caryophyllales--Analysis, Cactus--Analysis
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr) deficiency leads to a reduction of dopamine levels in Drosophila.
- Creator
- Hernandez, Caesar, Binninger, David, Weissbach, Herbert, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
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Biological homeostasis relies on protective mechanisms that respond to cellular oxidation caused primarily by free radical reactions. Methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msr) are a class of enzymes that reverse oxidative damage to methionine in proteins. The focus of this study is on the relationship between Msr and dopamine levels in Drosophila. Dopaminergic neurons in Drosophila have comparable roles to those found in humans. A deficit in dopamine leads to the onset of many neurological...
Show moreBiological homeostasis relies on protective mechanisms that respond to cellular oxidation caused primarily by free radical reactions. Methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msr) are a class of enzymes that reverse oxidative damage to methionine in proteins. The focus of this study is on the relationship between Msr and dopamine levels in Drosophila. Dopaminergic neurons in Drosophila have comparable roles to those found in humans. A deficit in dopamine leads to the onset of many neurological disorders including the loss of fine motor control—a neurodegenerative condition characteristic of Parkinson’s disease (PD). We found that dopamine levels in the heads of MsrAΔ/ΔBΔ/Δ mutants are significantly reduced in comparison to MsrA ⁺/⁺ B⁺/⁺ heads. In addition, wefound protein and expression levels are markedly reduced in an Msr-deficient system. Our findings suggest an important role for the Msr system in the CNS.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004202, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004202
- Subject Headings
- Cellular signal transduction, Dopamine -- Receptors, Drosophila melanogaster -- Genetics, Mitochondrial pathology, Proteins -- Chemical modification
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Methionine sulfoxide reductase (MSR) modulates lifespan andLocomotion in drosophila melanogaster.
- Creator
- Bruce, Lindsay, Binninger, David, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
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Oxidative stress is considered a major factor in the etiology of age related diseases and the aging process itself. Organisms have developed mechanisms to protect against oxidative damage resulting from increased production of reactive oxygen species during aging. One of the major antioxidant systems is the methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr) enzyme family. The two major Msr enzymes, MsrA and MsrB, can stereospecifically reduce the S and R epimers, respectively, of methionine sulfoxide in...
Show moreOxidative stress is considered a major factor in the etiology of age related diseases and the aging process itself. Organisms have developed mechanisms to protect against oxidative damage resulting from increased production of reactive oxygen species during aging. One of the major antioxidant systems is the methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr) enzyme family. The two major Msr enzymes, MsrA and MsrB, can stereospecifically reduce the S and R epimers, respectively, of methionine sulfoxide in proteins back to methionine. This study, using Drosophila melanogaster, decribes the first animal system lacking both MsrA and MsrB. The loss of either MsrA or MsrB had no effect on lifespan in Drosophila, but loss of MsrB results in a slight decrease in locomotor activity from middle age onward. Double mutants lacking both forms of Msr have a significantly decreased lifespan and decreased locomotor activity at all ages examined. The double Msr mutants had no detectable increase in protein oxidation or decrease in mitochondrial function and were not more sensitive to oxidative stress. These results suggested that other cellular antioxidant systems were protecting the flies against oxidative damage and the decreased life span observed in the double knockouts was not due to widespread oxidative damage. However, one cannot exclude limited oxidative damage to a specific locus or cell type. In this regard, it was observed that older animals, lacking both MsrA and MsrB, have significantly reduced levels of dopamine, suggesting there might be oxidative damage to the dopaminergic neurons. Preliminary results also suggest that the ratio of F to G actin is skewed towards G actin in all mutants. The present results could have relevance to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004431, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004431
- Subject Headings
- Aging -- Molecular aspects, Cellular signal transduction, Drosophila melanogaster -- Genetics, Mitochondrial pathology, Mutation (Biology), Oxidative stress, Proteins -- Chemical modification
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Reduced Reproductivity and Larval Locomotion in the Absence of Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase in Drosophila.
- Creator
- Singkornrat, Diana, Binninger, David, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
-
The inevitable aging process can be partially attributed to the accumulation of oxidative damage that results from the action of free radicals. Methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msr) are a class of enzymes that repair oxidized methionine residues. The two known forms of Msr are MsrA and MsrB which reduce the R- and S- enantiomers of methionine sulfoxide, respectively. Our lab has created the first genetic animal model that is fully deficient for any Msr activity. Previously our lab showed that...
Show moreThe inevitable aging process can be partially attributed to the accumulation of oxidative damage that results from the action of free radicals. Methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msr) are a class of enzymes that repair oxidized methionine residues. The two known forms of Msr are MsrA and MsrB which reduce the R- and S- enantiomers of methionine sulfoxide, respectively. Our lab has created the first genetic animal model that is fully deficient for any Msr activity. Previously our lab showed that these animals exhibit a 20 hour delay in development of the third instar larvae (unpublished data). My studies have further shown that the prolonged third-instar stage is due to a reduced growth rate associated with slower food intake and a markedly slower motility. These Msr-deficient animals also exhibit decreased egg-laying that can be attributed to a lack of female receptivity to mating.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004777, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004777
- Subject Headings
- Proteins--Chemical modification., Oxidative stress., Oxidation-reduction reaction., Drosophila melanogaster--Genetics., Mitochondrial pathology., Cellular signal transduction., Mutation (Biology), Aging--Molecular aspects.
- Format
- Document (PDF)