Current Search: Department of Biological Sciences (x) » Milton, Sarah L. (x)
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- Title
- Beach dynamics, beachfront development, and climate change: Interactions that impact sea turtle nesting beaches.
- Creator
- Bladow, Rachel A., Milton, Sarah L., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
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Climate change will expose sea turtle nests to higher temperatures and more storms; both may negatively impact sea turtle nest success. In this study, unhatched eggs were collected from the Boca Raton, Florida beach and developmental stage at embryonic death determined. Elevated nest temperatures increased embryonic mortality, and the most significant relationship was between mortality and the percent of time embryos were exposed to temperatures above 34°C. Loggerhead turtles exhibited higher...
Show moreClimate change will expose sea turtle nests to higher temperatures and more storms; both may negatively impact sea turtle nest success. In this study, unhatched eggs were collected from the Boca Raton, Florida beach and developmental stage at embryonic death determined. Elevated nest temperatures increased embryonic mortality, and the most significant relationship was between mortality and the percent of time embryos were exposed to temperatures above 34°C. Loggerhead turtles exhibited higher rates of mortality compared to green turtles at temperatures above 34°C. Only loggerhead nests were exposed to inundation, but embryonic mortality did not differ from noninundated nests. Beach profiles across the nesting season were also determined. A major storm altered the beach more in areas of coastal development; however, this was impacted by a nourishment project and the presence of a structured inlet. Future management strategies may need to protect sea turtle nests from extended periods at elevated temperatures.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005926
- Subject Headings
- Dissertations, Academic -- Florida Atlantic University, Sea turtles--Ecology., Loggerhead turtle--Florida., Sea turtles--Nests., Climate change
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Neuroprotection During Acute Oxidative Stress: Role of the PKG Pathway and Identification of Novel Neuromodulatory Agents Using Drosophila Melanogaster.
- Creator
- Caplan, Stacee Lee, Dawson-Scully, Ken, Milton, Sarah L., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
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Oxidant stress and injury is inherent in many human diseases such as ischemic vascular and respiratory diseases, heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, perinatal and placental insufficiencies, diabetes, cancer, and numerous psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Finding novel therapeutics to combat the deleterious effects of oxidative stress is critical to create better therapeutic strategies for many conditions that have few treatment options. This study used the anoxia-tolerant...
Show moreOxidant stress and injury is inherent in many human diseases such as ischemic vascular and respiratory diseases, heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, perinatal and placental insufficiencies, diabetes, cancer, and numerous psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Finding novel therapeutics to combat the deleterious effects of oxidative stress is critical to create better therapeutic strategies for many conditions that have few treatment options. This study used the anoxia-tolerant fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, to investigate endogenous cellular protection mechanisms and potential interactions to determine their ability to regulate synaptic functional tolerance and cell survival during acute oxidative stress. The Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ) was used to analyze synaptic transmission and specific motor axon contributions. Drosophila Schneider 2 (S2) cells were used to assess viability. Acute oxidative stress was induced using p harmacological paradigms that generate physiologically relevant oxidant species: mitochondrial superoxide production induced by sodium azide (NaN3) and hydroxyl radical formation via hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). A combination of genetic and pharmacological approaches were used to explore the hypothesis that endogenous protection mechanisms control cellular responses to stress by manipulating ion channel conductance and neurotransmission. Furthermore, this study analyzed a group of marine natural products, pseudopterosins, to identify compounds capable of modulating synaptic transmission during acute oxidative stress and potential novel neuromodulatory agents.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004487, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004487
- Subject Headings
- Drosophila melanogaster -- Life cycles, Oxidative stress -- Ecophysiology, Oxidative stress -- Prevention, Protein kinases, Proteins -- Chemical modification
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The physiological effects of Sargassum beach coverage on three species of sea turtle hatchlings.
- Creator
- Chaney, Abigail, Milton, Sarah L., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
- Abstract/Description
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Sea turtle hatchlings face a variety of obstacles as they crawl down the beach to the ocean after emergence. One of these obstacles is Sargassum, a floating brown macroalgae, that washes up in large quantities on beaches from Florida to South America. This study examined the physiological response and physical performance of three species of sea turtle hatchlings (D. coriacea, C. caretta, and C. mydas) after crawling over various heights of Sargassum. In all three species, the addition of...
Show moreSea turtle hatchlings face a variety of obstacles as they crawl down the beach to the ocean after emergence. One of these obstacles is Sargassum, a floating brown macroalgae, that washes up in large quantities on beaches from Florida to South America. This study examined the physiological response and physical performance of three species of sea turtle hatchlings (D. coriacea, C. caretta, and C. mydas) after crawling over various heights of Sargassum. In all three species, the addition of Sargassum significantly increased the amount of time it took to crawl down the pathway. There was no significant difference in righting response, blood glucose levels, or plasma corticosterone concentrations between different crawling treatments. During periods of high Sargassum accumulation, hatchlings will spend more time on the beach trying to navigate through the algae, leaving them vulnerable to predation for longer periods of time.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2022
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013939
- Subject Headings
- Sea turtles, Sargassum, Sea turtles--Ecology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Brevetoxin Metabolism and Physiology - A Freshwater Model of Morbidity in Endangered Sea Turtles.
- Creator
- Cocilova, Courtney Christine, Milton, Sarah L., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
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The dinoflagellate Karenia brevis is one organism responsible for harmful algal blooms (HABs) that severely impact marine life. K. brevis produces a suite of neurotoxins referred to as brevetoxins (PbTx) which bind to voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) in excitable tissues, affecting cellular permeability leading to a suite of symptoms and potentially cell death. Brevetoxicosis is difficult to treat in sea turtles as the physiological impacts have not been investigated and the magnitude...
Show moreThe dinoflagellate Karenia brevis is one organism responsible for harmful algal blooms (HABs) that severely impact marine life. K. brevis produces a suite of neurotoxins referred to as brevetoxins (PbTx) which bind to voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) in excitable tissues, affecting cellular permeability leading to a suite of symptoms and potentially cell death. Brevetoxicosis is difficult to treat in sea turtles as the physiological impacts have not been investigated and the magnitude and duration of brevetoxin exposure are generally unknown. Due to their threatened and endangered status, experimental exposures cannot be performed to determine the fate of brevetoxin in sea turtle tissues, making it difficult to design appropriate treatments. The freshwater turtle, Trachemys scripta, was utilized as a model for brevetoxin exposure in turtles. Turtles were exposed to intratracheal instillation (10.53μg/kg) or oral dosing (33.48μg/kg) of PbTx-3 3x weekly over a period of 2-4 weeks. Tissues and fluids were collected for ELISA to determine PbTx-3 uptake and distribution, routes of excretion and rates of clearance (1h-1wk post-exposure). Tissues were also preserved for histopathology. Primary turtle neuronal cell cultures were exposed to PbTx-3 in the presence and absence of various agonists and antagonists to determine brevetoxin’s mode of action. PbTx-3 was widely distributed in all tissues and fluids following both intratracheal and oral exposures, but was largely cleared from the system within 24 hours; PbTx-3 moved into the bile and feces over 48h post exposure indicating that this is the main route of excretion. While exposed animals showed clear behavioral symptoms of toxicity including muscle twitching, swimming in circles, and ataxia, there was no evident tissue pathology. Despite the evident behavioral effects, turtle neurons are surprisingly resistant to PbTx-3, with an EC50 significantly higher than is seen in mammalian neurons. While PbTx-3 exposure resulted in significant Ca2+ influx, various antagonists prevented Ca2+ influx when added with PbTx-3 confirming the mechanism of action through VGSCs. Upregulation of Hsp72 in the turtle brain could be enhancing cell survival. Based on results, intralipid treatment post PbTx-3 exposure rapidly decreases symptoms and proves to be a suitable treatment for toxin exposure.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004812
- Subject Headings
- Sea turtles--Mortality., Sea turtles--Physiology., Marine toxins., Neurotoxic agents--Analysis.
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Relocation and Flood Impacts on Loggerhead Sea Turtle (Caretta caretta) Nest Success.
- Creator
- Esposito, Lisa Anne, Milton, Sarah L., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
- Abstract/Description
-
Sea level rise threatens loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) nests laid close to the high tide line (HTL) with inundation from washover. Boca Raton, Florida is a relatively steep, dynamic beach with changes in beach morphology even during nonactive hurricane seasons. One potential solution to conserve sea turtle nests is to relocate nests laid at or below the HTL closer to the dune. In this study, I examined reproductive success for in situ vs relocated nests. Relocation did not decrease...
Show moreSea level rise threatens loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) nests laid close to the high tide line (HTL) with inundation from washover. Boca Raton, Florida is a relatively steep, dynamic beach with changes in beach morphology even during nonactive hurricane seasons. One potential solution to conserve sea turtle nests is to relocate nests laid at or below the HTL closer to the dune. In this study, I examined reproductive success for in situ vs relocated nests. Relocation did not decrease reproductive success, while nests left near the HTL were at risk of washout. During a dry season, nests that experienced one to three days of washover had significantly higher reproductive success than nests that experienced no washover. Relocation can be a useful method to preserve nests against sea level rise, but nonrelocated nests near the HTL may sometimes benefit from washover to cool the nests during hot and dry years.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2023
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014177
- Subject Headings
- Loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, Sea turtles--Nests
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- INFLUENCE OF UV LIGHT ON VITAMIN D AND IMMUNE FUNCTION OF GREEN (CHELONIA MYDAS) SEA TURTLES WITH FIBROPAPILLOMATOSIS.
- Creator
- Garefino, Victoria E., Milton, Sarah L., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
- Abstract/Description
-
Green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) are an endangered species prone to a debilitating disease called fibropapillomatosis (FP). The aim of this study was to determine the influence of UV light on vitamin D levels and immune function in juvenile green sea turtles with FP. Phagocytosis, plasma vitamin D levels and viral load of ChHV5 were measured for FP- and FP+ turtles kept at the Gumbo Limbo Nature Center (GLNC) and for turtles caught at the St. Lucie power plant. Turtles kept at GLNC were...
Show moreGreen sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) are an endangered species prone to a debilitating disease called fibropapillomatosis (FP). The aim of this study was to determine the influence of UV light on vitamin D levels and immune function in juvenile green sea turtles with FP. Phagocytosis, plasma vitamin D levels and viral load of ChHV5 were measured for FP- and FP+ turtles kept at the Gumbo Limbo Nature Center (GLNC) and for turtles caught at the St. Lucie power plant. Turtles kept at GLNC were housed in tanks exposed to varying amounts of UV light. Turtles brought into GLNC had lower phagocytosis compared to turtles at the St. Lucie power plant. Individuals exposed to greater UV light had higher plasma vitamin D levels and a more successful recovery. The results of this project will provide rehabilitation facilities with a mechanism to improve the recovery of animals with this disease.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2020
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013467
- Subject Headings
- Chelonia mydas, Green turtle--Diseases, Fibropapillomatosis, Ultraviolet radiation, Vitamin D
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Specific dynamic action in hatchling and post-hatchling green (Chelonia mydas) and loggerhead (Caretta caretta ) sea turtles.
- Creator
- Kowalski, Amy, Florida Atlantic University, Milton, Sarah L., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
-
Specific dynamic action (SDA) describes a post-feeding increase in oxygen consumption where most energy derived from food is allocated to post-absorptive processes, including growth and maintenance. SDA and growth in hatchling sea turtles is of special interest because they experience drastic changes in diet, oxygen availability and habitat during the first several months of life. This study investigated SDA variation between species and among age groups. SDA was quantified in two species of...
Show moreSpecific dynamic action (SDA) describes a post-feeding increase in oxygen consumption where most energy derived from food is allocated to post-absorptive processes, including growth and maintenance. SDA and growth in hatchling sea turtles is of special interest because they experience drastic changes in diet, oxygen availability and habitat during the first several months of life. This study investigated SDA variation between species and among age groups. SDA was quantified in two species of sea turtle (Chelonia mydas, Caretta caretta) at 7, 30, 60, & 90 days post-hatching. Turtles were fed a known amount of food, and oxygen consumption was monitored using a metabolic chamber. SDA percentage of total energy did not increase with age (species pooled), although magnitude of SDA was higher in C. mydas when compared to C. caretta (ages pooled). These results imply that SDA does not increase proportionally with age, and that hatchling C. mydas use more absolute energy for SDA than C. caretta .
Show less - Date Issued
- 2005
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13283
- Subject Headings
- Adaptation (Biology), Sea turtles--Feeding and feeds, Physiology, Comparative, Sea turtles--Ecology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- cGMP/PKG-regulated mechanisms of protection from low oxygen and oxidative stress.
- Creator
- Mahneva, Olena, Milton, Sarah L., Dawson-Scully, Ken, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
-
Stroke is one of the leading causes of human death in the United States. The debilitating effects of an ischemic stroke are due to the fact that mammalian neurons are highly susceptible to hypoxia and subsequent oxygen reperfusion. From studies in Drosophila melanogaster, cGMP-dependent Protein Kinase (PKG) enzyme is thought to affect anoxia tolerance by modifying the electrical current through potassium ion channels. In this research, two animal models were employed: Drosophila melanogaster...
Show moreStroke is one of the leading causes of human death in the United States. The debilitating effects of an ischemic stroke are due to the fact that mammalian neurons are highly susceptible to hypoxia and subsequent oxygen reperfusion. From studies in Drosophila melanogaster, cGMP-dependent Protein Kinase (PKG) enzyme is thought to affect anoxia tolerance by modifying the electrical current through potassium ion channels. In this research, two animal models were employed: Drosophila melanogaster and mammalian neurons exposed to stroke-like conditions. First, in vivo studies using Drosophila were performed to further our knowledge about the differences between the naturally occurring variants of the Drosophila foraging gene, which shows different protein levels of PKG. Mitochondrial density and metabolic activity between two fly genotypes exposed to anoxia and reoxygenation were compared. It was found that flies with less enzyme potentially showed mitochondrial biogenesis and higher metabolic rates upon reoxygenation. Next, in vivo studies where PKG enzyme was activated pharmacologically were performed; it was found that the activation of the cGMP/PKG pathway led to neuroprotection upon anoxia and reoxygenation. Furthermore, this model was translated into the in vitro model using Drosophila cells. Instead of anoxia and reoxygenation, hypoxia mimetics and hydrogen peroxide were used to induce cellular injury. After showing the cGMP/PKG pathway activation-induced cell protection, the potential downstream targets of the molecular signaling as well as underlying biochemical changes were assessed. It was found that mitochondrial potassium ion channels were involved in the protective signaling and the signaling modulated metabolic function. Furthermore, it was found that acidosis protected Drosophila cells from cell death, metabolic disruption, and oxidative stress. Finally, this research was translated to a mammalian in vitro model of neuronal damage upon stroke-like conditions; there, it was demonstrated that the cGMP/PKG pathway activation in rat primary cortical neurons and human cortical neurons was protective from low oxygen and acute oxidative stress. The results of this study lead to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms taking place during low oxygen and oxidative stresses. Consequently, this knowledge may be used to identify potential therapeutic targets and treatments that may prevent detrimental neurological effects of an ischemic stroke in humans.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2018
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013013
- Subject Headings
- Stroke, Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases, Oxidative Stress
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Incubation temperature, morphology, and loggerhead (Caretta caretta) sea turtle hatchling hydrodynamics.
- Creator
- Moyle, Alexis K., Milton, Sarah L., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
- Abstract/Description
-
High nest incubation temperatures can result in numerous physiological and behavioral outcomes in sea turtle hatchlings, including body characteristics for efficient swimming. This project examined the effects of incubation temperature on yolk metabolization, body morphology, buoyancy, swimming kinematics, and blood chemistry to better understand variations in locomotor performance in loggerhead (Caretta caretta) sea turtle hatchlings of South Florida. Nest temperatures, body measurements,...
Show moreHigh nest incubation temperatures can result in numerous physiological and behavioral outcomes in sea turtle hatchlings, including body characteristics for efficient swimming. This project examined the effects of incubation temperature on yolk metabolization, body morphology, buoyancy, swimming kinematics, and blood chemistry to better understand variations in locomotor performance in loggerhead (Caretta caretta) sea turtle hatchlings of South Florida. Nest temperatures, body measurements, and blood samples were collected in conjunction with swim-trial force measurements and video recordings. Data suggest hatchlings from nests with higher incubation temperatures tend to be significantly smaller in size, less buoyant, and display lower power stroke frequencies. These variations between hatchling morphology and performance indicate hatchlings from high temperature nests (i.e., >33°C) may exhibit weaker swimming abilities. The results of this study provide a further understanding of the effect of incubation temperatures on hatchling physiology and early survival in their important frenzy period.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2023
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014268
- Subject Headings
- Loggerhead turtle, Eggs--Incubation, Sea turtles--Ecology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Physiological Effects of Disorientation in Loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and Green (Chelonia mydas) Sea Turtle Hatchlings.
- Creator
- Pankaew, Karen, Milton, Sarah L., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
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Following nest emergence, sea turtle hatchling dispersal can be disrupted by artificial light or skyglow from urban areas. Mis- or disorientation increases exposure to predation, thermal stress, and dehydration, could consume valuable energy, and thus influence the likelihood of survival. This study utilized laboratory simulations of extended crawl distances and field observations to investigate the energy cost of disorientation crawling on loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and green (Chelonia...
Show moreFollowing nest emergence, sea turtle hatchling dispersal can be disrupted by artificial light or skyglow from urban areas. Mis- or disorientation increases exposure to predation, thermal stress, and dehydration, could consume valuable energy, and thus influence the likelihood of survival. This study utilized laboratory simulations of extended crawl distances and field observations to investigate the energy cost of disorientation crawling on loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and green (Chelonia mydas) sea turtle hatchlings and the impact on the subsequent swim frenzy. Extended crawls increased oxygen consumption, decreased plasma glucose, and reduced green hatchling swim performance following a 200m crawl. Surprisingly, plasma lactate concentrations did not increase with crawl distance, likely due to frequent rest periods that would, however, increase time on the beach and thus exposure to predators. This research may provide managers with physiological data to determine best practices for sea turtle conservation and adds to the biological knowledge of these animals.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004619
- Subject Headings
- Predation (Biology), Sea turtles--Life cycles., Sea turtles--Nests--Protection., Wildlife conservation., Exterior lighting--Environmental aspects.
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Plasma Steroid Hormones in Loggerhead and Green Sea Turtle Hatchlings.
- Creator
- Reis, Andrea, Milton, Sarah L., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
-
Florida’s sea turtle populations are increasing due to conservation efforts; however, sea turtle species are vulnerable to climate change. Turtles exhibit temperaturedependent sex determination, in which nest environment influences sex. Environmental changes may produce altered sex ratios that limit reproduction potential; therefore hatchling sex ratios should be monitored. Hatchlings are not externally sexually dimorphic, making sex identification difficult. This study established baseline...
Show moreFlorida’s sea turtle populations are increasing due to conservation efforts; however, sea turtle species are vulnerable to climate change. Turtles exhibit temperaturedependent sex determination, in which nest environment influences sex. Environmental changes may produce altered sex ratios that limit reproduction potential; therefore hatchling sex ratios should be monitored. Hatchlings are not externally sexually dimorphic, making sex identification difficult. This study established baseline plasma hormone concentrations in hatchling and post-hatchling green (Chelonia mydas) and loggerhead (Caretta caretta) sea turtles using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Five hormones were assayed and were present in the majority of samples (testosterone: N.D.-10.12, progesterone: N.D.-0.43, estradiol: N.D.-4.78, estriol: N.D.-5.55 and estrone: N.D.-1.67 μg/mL). Plasma hormones did not distinguish hatchling sex because male and female ranges overlapped. Hormone concentrations varied with sex but also with incubation temperature, indicating that climate change could impact hatchling and posthatchling hormone profiles and thus could impact future fitness.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004626
- Subject Headings
- Sea turtles--Embryology., Sea turtles--Habitat--Conservation., Sex determination, Genetic., Loggerhead turtle--Effect of temperature on., Developmental genetics.
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- EVOLVING RESPONSE OF THE WOOD STORK (MYCTERIA AMERICANA) TO URBANIZATION AND HYDROLOGICAL CHANGE IN THE UNITED STATES.
- Creator
- Shlepr, Katherine R., Gawlik, Dale E., Milton, Sarah L., Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
- Abstract/Description
-
Urbanization and land development, climate change, pollution, the spread of invasive species, and sea level rise are unprecedented challenges that have led to 25% of avian species worldwide facing an elevated risk of extinction. Under rapidly changing environmental conditions, traditional population models are not ideal because they typically assume that demographic parameters are static in order to estimate the probability of species extinction over a chosen timeframe. This assumption...
Show moreUrbanization and land development, climate change, pollution, the spread of invasive species, and sea level rise are unprecedented challenges that have led to 25% of avian species worldwide facing an elevated risk of extinction. Under rapidly changing environmental conditions, traditional population models are not ideal because they typically assume that demographic parameters are static in order to estimate the probability of species extinction over a chosen timeframe. This assumption disregards species’ potential to adapt to environmental change; adaptations which could alter not only a species’ extinction outlook but also its legal protection status. The goal of my PhD research is to re-evaluate the risk of extinction of one threatened species, the Wood Stork (Mycteria americana), by accounting for potential adaptation in the context of planned and predicted changes in the southeastern United States. Since the 1970s, Wood Storks have shifted the timing of their breeding season, expanded their range northward and into novel habitats in urban areas, and begun consuming non-native fishes. I investigate these observations by comparing the physiology and diet of Wood Storks nesting in the historical core of their U.S. range (tree islands in the flooded Everglades marsh) with storks occupying novel habitats in urban and temperate locations. Faster growth rate, improved body condition, and increased survival by nestlings in urban areas would be evidence that colonies on the leading edge of the species’ range may be capable of sustaining growth of the whole population. In a third and final chapter, I forecast nest abundance and distribution patterns in the entirety of the U.S. range given various hydrological scenarios. Increased Wood Stork population size and stability are recovery criteria which must be met before the species can qualify for removal from the federal Endangered Species List. More broadly, understanding Wood Stork response to human development in the Everglades illuminates general patterns in avian species response to extreme changes in landscape, and could serve as a framework for proactively incorporating evolutionary potential into the framework of Endangered Species Act recovery in other species which have a high adaptive capacity.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2022
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013916
- Subject Headings
- Wood stork, Urbanization, Adaptation (Biology), Wildlife conservation
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Ecosystem health and environmental influences on innate immune function in the loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and green (Chelonia mydas) sea turtle.
- Creator
- Sposato, Patricia L., Milton, Sarah L., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
-
Loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and green (Chelonia mydas) turtles recruit to nearshore environments as juveniles. These often degraded habitats are associated with emerging diseases such as green turtle fibropapillomatosis (GTFP), however there are few studies on immune function in sea turtles. The objective of this research was to quantify phagocytosis of the innate immune system by flow cytometry and compare levels between animals from a degraded habitat (the Indian River Lagoon, FL) to a...
Show moreLoggerhead (Caretta caretta) and green (Chelonia mydas) turtles recruit to nearshore environments as juveniles. These often degraded habitats are associated with emerging diseases such as green turtle fibropapillomatosis (GTFP), however there are few studies on immune function in sea turtles. The objective of this research was to quantify phagocytosis of the innate immune system by flow cytometry and compare levels between animals from a degraded habitat (the Indian River Lagoon, FL) to a more pristine environment (the Trident Basin, Port Canaveral, FL), and across a range of temperatures. While in vitro temperatures did not alter rates of phagocytosis, it was higher in samples obtained in the summer than winter. Rates of phagocytosis in sea turtles with GTFP and from degraded environments with increased prevalence of GTFP were low compared to animals from the more pristine environment, suggesting that the environment can alter innate immunological function and thus contribute to the development of disease.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004333, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004333
- Subject Headings
- Developmental biology, Ecosystem management -- Florida, Loggerhead turtle -- Habitat -- Environmental aspects, Marine biodiversity conservation, Sea turtles -- Immunology
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Origins, movements, and foraging behavior of Hawksbill Sea Turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) in Palm Beach County waters, Florida, USA.
- Creator
- Wood, Lawrence D., Milton, Sarah L., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
-
This dissertation examined the natal origins, home-range, and in-situ foraging behavior of an aggregation of sub-adult hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) found off the coast of Palm Beach County, Florida. Surveys were conducted on approximately 30 linear km of reef between 15 and 30 m in depth. Tissue samples were retrieved from 112 turtles for mtDNA haplotype determination. GPS-linked satellite transmitters were deployed on six resident sub-adults, resulting in both minimum convex...
Show moreThis dissertation examined the natal origins, home-range, and in-situ foraging behavior of an aggregation of sub-adult hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) found off the coast of Palm Beach County, Florida. Surveys were conducted on approximately 30 linear km of reef between 15 and 30 m in depth. Tissue samples were retrieved from 112 turtles for mtDNA haplotype determination. GPS-linked satellite transmitters were deployed on six resident sub-adults, resulting in both minimum convex polygon (MCP) and 95%, 50%, and 25% kernel density estimates (KDE) of home-range size. A foraging ethogram was developed, and sequential analysis performed on thirty videos (141 total minutes) of in-situ foraging behavior. Seventeen total haplotypes were identified in this aggregation, the majority (75%) of which represented rookeries on Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula. Other sources, from most to least important, include Barbados, Costa Rica, Puerto Rico, Antigua, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004339
- Subject Headings
- Animal behavior, Animal orientation, Hawksbill turtle -- Ecology, Predation (Biology), Sea turtles -- Habitat, Wildlife conservation, Wildlife management
- Format
- Document (PDF)