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Overactive Behavior, Peer Rejection, and Interactive Play in Head Start Preschoolers School Readiness Moderates Social Outcomes
Title
Overactive Behavior, Peer Rejection, and Interactive Play in Head Start Preschoolers School Readiness Moderates Social Outcomes.
Creator
Bortman, Gilly, Laursen, Brett, Graduate College, Bulotsky-Shearer, Rebecca J.
Abstract/Description
Theorists and researchers have emphasized the importance of interactive peer play for children’s social-emotional and cognitive development. Children from low socioeconomic backgrounds are at increased risk for social-emotional and cognitive difficulties. Therefore, it is important to determine the causes of interactive peer play, particularly in a high-risk sample of Head Start preschoolers. Overactive behavior at the beginning of the preschool year has been shown to negatively predict...
Show moreTheorists and researchers have emphasized the importance of interactive peer play for children’s social-emotional and cognitive development. Children from low socioeconomic backgrounds are at increased risk for social-emotional and cognitive difficulties. Therefore, it is important to determine the causes of interactive peer play, particularly in a high-risk sample of Head Start preschoolers. Overactive behavior at the beginning of the preschool year has been shown to negatively predict changes in interactive play between the beginning and end of the preschool year. However, possible mechanisms of this association have been underexplored. The main purpose of this study will be to determine whether peer rejection mediates the association between overactive behavior and changes in interactive play and whether mediation is conditional on children’s school readiness. If it is found that moderated mediation exists for overactive children with low school readiness, children who present both of these characteristics at the beginning of the preschool year should be provided with preventative support.
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Date Issued
2014
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005140
Format
Document (PDF)
A Survival Analysis of Adolescent Friendships: The Downside of Dissimilarity
Title
A Survival Analysis of Adolescent Friendships: The Downside of Dissimilarity.
Creator
Hartl, Amy C., Laursen, Brett, Cillessen, Antonius H. N., Graduate College
Abstract/Description
Friendships are important for adolescent adjustment and development; however, adolescent friendships are fleeting. Friend dissimilarity and undesirable individual attributes have been hypothesized to predict friendship dissolution. The present study tests each as predictors of adolescent friendship dissolution. A sample of 410 U.S. adolescents participated in a total of 573 reciprocated friendships originating in the 7th grade. These friendships were followed annually from 8th-12th grade to...
Show moreFriendships are important for adolescent adjustment and development; however, adolescent friendships are fleeting. Friend dissimilarity and undesirable individual attributes have been hypothesized to predict friendship dissolution. The present study tests each as predictors of adolescent friendship dissolution. A sample of 410 U.S. adolescents participated in a total of 573 reciprocated friendships originating in the 7th grade. These friendships were followed annually from 8th-12th grade to determine when each friendship dissolved. In the 7th grade, participants completed a peernomination inventory, and teachers completed a survey of each participant’s school competence. Discrete-time survival analyses used 7th grade friend dissimilarity and individual characteristics of sex, age, ethnicity, number of friends, peer acceptance, peer rejection, leadership, physical aggression, relational aggression, peer victimization, and school competence as predictors of the occurrence and timing of friendship dissolution. Friendships originating in the 7th grade were at greatest risk for dissolution during the first year. Only 1 percent of friendships that started in the 7th grade lasted 5 years. Friend dissimilarity on sex, peer acceptance, physical aggression, and school competence predicted friendship dissolution. At each grade, the odds of friendship dissolution were higher for friends dissimilar on these characteristics. Individual characteristics failed to predict friendship dissolution. The findings suggest compatibility is a function of similarity between friends rather than the presence or absence of a specific individual trait. Adolescents seeking friendships with individuals dissimilar from them on school-related characteristics risk suffering the downside of dissimilarity, namely rapid friendship dissolution.
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Date Issued
2015
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00005882
Format
Document (PDF)