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Title: THE DETERMINANTS OF GROUPING DURING BINOCULAR RIVALRY.
Creator: Yoon, Yosun, Hong, Sang Wook, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Interocular grouping during binocular rivalry occurs when two images concurrently presented to two eyes are combined as a coherent pattern as if perceptual experience follows Gestalt grouping principles. The present study investigated what determines rivalry dynamics (perceptual experience of monocular stimuli and interocular grouping) by examining individual differences. Specifically, the effect of eye-of-origin and pattern coherence on percepts during rivalry were individually assessed...
Show moreInterocular grouping during binocular rivalry occurs when two images concurrently presented to two eyes are combined as a coherent pattern as if perceptual experience follows Gestalt grouping principles. The present study investigated what determines rivalry dynamics (perceptual experience of monocular stimuli and interocular grouping) by examining individual differences. Specifically, the effect of eye-of-origin and pattern coherence on percepts during rivalry were individually assessed using pairs of stimuli that induce either monocularly-driven (monocular coherence condition) or interocularly-driven (interocular coherence condition) coherent percepts. We found that the degree of perceiving complete, coherent stimuli was consistent within individuals regardless of conditions, indicating that individual differences in experiencing interocular grouping were explained by pattern coherence, rather than eye-of-origin information. In addition, we found that individuals who experience binocularly presented pattern motion more perceived interocularly-coherent stimuli more. This result suggests that a potential common mechanism may mediate binocular integration of visual information during binocular rivalry.
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Date Issued: 2021
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013815
Subject Headings: Binocular rivalry, Visual perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Flexible Attentional Prioritization of Working Memory Object Representations.
Creator: Pytel, Paige, Ester, Edward, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: Working memory (WM) is an important cognitive function that, among other duties, allows temporary storage of visual representations of objects observed in the sensorium. The visual aspect of this core cognitive function enables our perception of the identity of objects and where those objects are located in space at any particular time to help direct attention. In a typical working memory task, a cue is presented beforehand to guide attention to which objects in an array to encode. The...
Show moreWorking memory (WM) is an important cognitive function that, among other duties, allows temporary storage of visual representations of objects observed in the sensorium. The visual aspect of this core cognitive function enables our perception of the identity of objects and where those objects are located in space at any particular time to help direct attention. In a typical working memory task, a cue is presented beforehand to guide attention to which objects in an array to encode. The performance of our WM abilities can be improved on memory tasks by a retrospective cue resented after the encoding process of working memory. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain etrospective cue benefits in WM performance, including the removal of irrelevant information from WM, attentional enhancement of the cued representation, protection of the cued representation from subsequent decay or interference, or retrieval head start.
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Date Issued: 2019
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013406
Subject Headings: Memory, Short-Term, Cues, Visual perception, Electroencephalography
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Investigating the Temporal Dynamics of Advanced Information Processing During Interocular Suppression Using Electroencephalography and Pattern Classification.
Creator: Cox, Dustin, Hong, Sang Wook, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: A thorough delineation of the extent of processing possible without visual awareness is necessary to elucidate the neural mechanisms of visual awareness. Despite extensive research, it is presently unclear whether invisible stimuli can undergo advanced processing. To introduce existing work on this topic, previous behavioral efforts to investigate the extent of processing possible without visual awareness and the psychophysical methods used to render stimuli invisible, such as visual masking...
Show moreA thorough delineation of the extent of processing possible without visual awareness is necessary to elucidate the neural mechanisms of visual awareness. Despite extensive research, it is presently unclear whether invisible stimuli can undergo advanced processing. To introduce existing work on this topic, previous behavioral efforts to investigate the extent of processing possible without visual awareness and the psychophysical methods used to render stimuli invisible, such as visual masking and interocular suppression-based techniques, are discussed. Physiological evidence that provide support for and against the possibility that advanced information processing can occur without visual awareness are addressed. The basics of multivariate pattern classification techniques are outlined. The potential of using multivariate pattern classification analyses in conjunction with neuroimaging in the temporal domain to investigate whether advanced processing can occur without visual awareness is discussed. An original study using electroencephalography (EEG) and pattern classification techniques to investigate the extent of processing possible without visual awareness is outlined. The results of the analyses reveal that a pattern classifier did not extract neural signatures of categorical processing from EEG recordings when participants viewed an image that remained invisible for the duration of its presentation. In contrast, the results from a second experiment reveal that the pattern classifier was able to decode the category of invisible images from the EEG time series when the images would eventually become visible. The results provide support for the idea that under certain circumstances, such as when the depth of interocular suppression is reduced, advanced processing for invisible stimuli can occur.
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Date Issued: 2019
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013193
Subject Headings: Advanced information processing, Electroencephalography, Neuroimaging, Visual perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Binding Errors and their Relationship to Object-Present and Object-Absent Motion Events.
Creator: Pacific, Justin Brooks, Kersten, Alan, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
Abstract/Description: The current study sought to examine further the concept of eyewitness memory for events. Specifically, using filmed events that were performed with objects and events performed without objects, we explored the potential interaction of the object cue and binding or conjunction errors. This specific memory error involves improperly pairing two or more feature memories together in the long-term store. In our study, these features were the action and the actress performing the action. Our study...
Show moreThe current study sought to examine further the concept of eyewitness memory for events. Specifically, using filmed events that were performed with objects and events performed without objects, we explored the potential interaction of the object cue and binding or conjunction errors. This specific memory error involves improperly pairing two or more feature memories together in the long-term store. In our study, these features were the action and the actress performing the action. Our study involved 51 participants. Participants were shown target events in Week 1 and asked to retrieve the target events from a larger group of events in Week 2. While findings did not show the expected interaction of conjunction events to object presence or absence, objects without an object showed a significantly higher acceptance rate. A secondary analysis revealed an interaction effect between head-focus and recognition item type, meaning participants did view events without an object differently from objects with an object.
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Date Issued: 2006
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000804
Subject Headings: Context effects (Psychology), Eyewitness identification, Recollection (Psychology), Visual perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Traveling Waves of Dominance in Motion-Induced Blindness.
Creator: Cox, Dustin, Hong, Sang Wook, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: In the present study, it was examined whether the spatiotemporal dynamics of transitions towards target dominance in motion-induced blindness (MIB) were wave-like, similar to those in binocular rivalry. The spatiotemporal dynamics of transitions towards dominance in MIB were further compared with those in binocular rivalry to reveal a potential neural locus of MIB. Across a series of experiments, the relationship between target length, stimulus structure, presentation location and the latency...
Show moreIn the present study, it was examined whether the spatiotemporal dynamics of transitions towards target dominance in motion-induced blindness (MIB) were wave-like, similar to those in binocular rivalry. The spatiotemporal dynamics of transitions towards dominance in MIB were further compared with those in binocular rivalry to reveal a potential neural locus of MIB. Across a series of experiments, the relationship between target length, stimulus structure, presentation location and the latency for circular arc segment-shaped targets to reappear was examined, respectively. It was found that target reappearance durations increase with target length, as if they reappear in a gradual, wavelike fashion. Target reappearance durations were decreased for collinear compared to radial targets, but they were not influenced by the location of target presentation. The results suggest MIB target reappearances are associated with traveling waves of dominance, and early visual cortex is a likely neural substrate in which these wave-like transitions occur.
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Date Issued: 2016
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004704, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004704
Subject Headings: Binocular rivalry, Binocular vision, Visual pathways, Visual perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Eye Fixations of the Face Are Modulated by Perception of a Bidirectional Social Interaction.
Creator: Kleiman, Michael J., Barenholtz, Elan, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Eye fixations of the face are normally directed towards either the eyes or the mouth, however the proportions of gaze to either of these regions are dependent on context. Previous studies of gaze behavior demonstrate a tendency to stare into a target’s eyes, however no studies investigate the differences between when participants believe they are engaging in a live interaction compared to knowingly watching a pre-recorded video, a distinction that may contribute to studies of memory encoding....
Show moreEye fixations of the face are normally directed towards either the eyes or the mouth, however the proportions of gaze to either of these regions are dependent on context. Previous studies of gaze behavior demonstrate a tendency to stare into a target’s eyes, however no studies investigate the differences between when participants believe they are engaging in a live interaction compared to knowingly watching a pre-recorded video, a distinction that may contribute to studies of memory encoding. This study examined differences in fixation behavior for when participants falsely believed they were engaging in a real-time interaction over the internet (“Real-time stimulus”) compared to when they knew they were watching a pre-recorded video (“Pre-recorded stimulus”). Results indicated that participants fixated significantly longer towards the eyes for the pre-recorded stimulus than for the real-time stimulus, suggesting that previous studies which utilize pre-recorded videos may lack ecological validity.
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Date Issued: 2016
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004701, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004701
Subject Headings: Eye -- Movements, Eye tracking, Gaze -- Psychological aspects, Nonverbal communication, Optical pattern recognition, Perceptual motor processes, Visual perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Peripheral Object Recognition in Naturalistic Scenes.
Creator: Schlangen, Derrick, Barenholtz, Elan, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Most of the human visual field falls in the periphery, and peripheral processing is important for normal visual functioning. Yet, little is known about peripheral object recognition in naturalistic scenes and factors that modulate this ability. We propose that a critical function of scene and object memory is in order to facilitate visual object recognition in the periphery. In the first experiment, participants identified objects in scenes across different levels of familiarity and...
Show moreMost of the human visual field falls in the periphery, and peripheral processing is important for normal visual functioning. Yet, little is known about peripheral object recognition in naturalistic scenes and factors that modulate this ability. We propose that a critical function of scene and object memory is in order to facilitate visual object recognition in the periphery. In the first experiment, participants identified objects in scenes across different levels of familiarity and contextual information within the scene. We found that familiarity with a scene resulted in a significant increase in the distance that objects were recognized. Furthermore, we found that a semantically consistent scene improved the distance that object recognition is possible, supporting the notion that contextual facilitation is possible in the periphery. In the second experiment, the preview duration of a scene was varied in order to examine how a scene representation is built and how memory of that scene and the objects within it contributes to object recognition in the periphery. We found that the closer participants fixated to the object in the preview, the farther on average they recognized that target object in the periphery. However, only a preview duration of the scenes for 5000 ms produced significantly farther peripheral object recognition compared to not previewing the scene. Overall, these experiments introduce a novel research paradigm for object recognition in naturalistic scenes, and demonstrates multiple factors that have systematic effects on peripheral object recognition.
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Date Issued: 2016
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004669, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004669
Subject Headings: Context effects (Psychology), Human information processing, Optical pattern recognition, Pattern recognition systems, Recognition (Psychology), Visual perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: How the Spatial Organization of Objects Affects Perceptual Processing of a Scene.
Creator: Rashford, Stacey, Barenholtz, Elan, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: How does spatial organization of objects affect the perceptual processing of a scene? Surprisingly, little research has explored this topic. A few studies have reported that, when simple, homogenous stimuli (e.g., dots), are presented in a regular formation, they are judged to be more numerous than when presented in a random configuration (Ginsburg, 1976; 1978). However, these results may not apply to real-world objects. In the current study, fewer objects were believed to be on organized...
Show moreHow does spatial organization of objects affect the perceptual processing of a scene? Surprisingly, little research has explored this topic. A few studies have reported that, when simple, homogenous stimuli (e.g., dots), are presented in a regular formation, they are judged to be more numerous than when presented in a random configuration (Ginsburg, 1976; 1978). However, these results may not apply to real-world objects. In the current study, fewer objects were believed to be on organized desks than their disorganized equivalents. Objects that are organized may be more likely to become integrated, due to classic Gestalt principles. Consequently, visual search may be more difficult. Such object integration may diminish saliency, making objects less apparent and more difficult to find. This could explain why, in the present study, objects on disorganized desks were found faster.
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Date Issued: 2015
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004537, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004537
Subject Headings: Image analysis, Optical pattern recognition, Pattern recognition systems, Phenomenological psychology, Visual perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Potential stimulus contributions to counterchange determined motion perception.
Creator: Park, Cynthia Louise Smith, Hock, Howard S., Barenholtz, Elan, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Prior research has explored the counterchange model of motion detection in terms of counterchanging information that originates in the stimulus foreground (or objects). These experiments explore counterchange apparent motion with regard to a new apparent motion stimulus where the necessary counterchanging information required for apparent motion is provided by altering the luminance of the background. It was found that apparent motion produced by background-counterchange requires longer frame...
Show morePrior research has explored the counterchange model of motion detection in terms of counterchanging information that originates in the stimulus foreground (or objects). These experiments explore counterchange apparent motion with regard to a new apparent motion stimulus where the necessary counterchanging information required for apparent motion is provided by altering the luminance of the background. It was found that apparent motion produced by background-counterchange requires longer frame durations and lower levels of average stimulus contrast compared to foreground-counterchange. Furthermore, inter-object distance does not influence apparent motion produced by background-counterchange to the degree it influences apparent motion produced by foreground-counterchange.
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Date Issued: 2014
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004313
Subject Headings: Motion perception (Vision), Perceptual motor processes, Visual analysis, Visual discrimination, Visual pathways, Visual perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Competing mechanisms in the perception of apparent motion: Effects of zero-hertz and time-varying energy.
Creator: Kogan, Kristine Marie, Florida Atlantic University, Hock, Howard S., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Anstis, et al. (1985) have reported that under certain conditions the visual system adapts and the perception of apparent motion breaks down. The present research indicates that breakdown is actually a result of same-place mechanisms successfully competing with motion-detecting mechanisms. Thus, the perception of stationarity (with flicker) can occur at the start of a trial and spontaneously switch to the perception of motion, or vice versa. The response of same-place mechanisms depends on...
Show moreAnstis, et al. (1985) have reported that under certain conditions the visual system adapts and the perception of apparent motion breaks down. The present research indicates that breakdown is actually a result of same-place mechanisms successfully competing with motion-detecting mechanisms. Thus, the perception of stationarity (with flicker) can occur at the start of a trial and spontaneously switch to the perception of motion, or vice versa. The response of same-place mechanisms depends on the zero-hertz energy at each location of an apparent motion stimulus, whereas the response of motion mechanisms depends on the time-varying energy. Average luminance, luminance contrast, the temporal symmetry of the apparent motion display, and relative phase are manipulated to investigate competition between same-place and motion-detecting mechanisms.
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Date Issued: 1995
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15234
Subject Headings: Motion perception (Vision), Perceptual-motor processes, Visual perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Segregating stimululs information for counterchange and motion energy-determined motion perception.
Creator: Seifert, Matthew S., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: It has been argued that the perception of apparent motion is based on the detection of counterchange (oppositely signed changes in luminance contrast at pairs of spatial locations) rather than motion energy (spatiotemporal changes in luminance). A constraint in furthering this distinction is that both counterchange and motion energy are present for most motion stimuli. Three experiments used illusory-contour and luminance-based stimuli to segregate (experiments 1 and 2) and combine ...
Show moreIt has been argued that the perception of apparent motion is based on the detection of counterchange (oppositely signed changes in luminance contrast at pairs of spatial locations) rather than motion energy (spatiotemporal changes in luminance). A constraint in furthering this distinction is that both counterchange and motion energy are present for most motion stimuli. Three experiments used illusory-contour and luminance-based stimuli to segregate (experiments 1 and 2) and combine (experiment 3) counterchange and motion energy information. Motion specified by counterchange was perceived for translating illusory squares over a wide range of frame durations, and preferentially for short motion paths. Motion specified by motion energy was diminished by relatively long frame durations, but was not affected by the length of the motion path. Results for the combined stimulus were consistent with counterchange as the basis for apparent motion perception, despite the presence of motion energy.
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Date Issued: 2013
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3362563
Subject Headings: Perceptual-motor processes, Movement, Psychology of, Space and time, Visual perception
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The role of location information in identifying degraded objects.
Creator: Schlangen, Derrick, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Across three experiments, we assessed how location and color information contributes to the identification of an object whose image has been degraded, making its identity ambiguous. In Experiment 1, some of the target objects had fixed locations within the scene. We found that subjects used this location information during search and later to identify the blurred target objects. In Experiment 2, we tested whether location and color information can be combined to identify degraded objects, and...
Show moreAcross three experiments, we assessed how location and color information contributes to the identification of an object whose image has been degraded, making its identity ambiguous. In Experiment 1, some of the target objects had fixed locations within the scene. We found that subjects used this location information during search and later to identify the blurred target objects. In Experiment 2, we tested whether location and color information can be combined to identify degraded objects, and results were inconclusive. In Experiment 3, both the location and color of each object was variable but statistically predictive of the object's identity. We found that subjects used both sources of information-color and location - equally when identifying the blurred image of the object. Overall, these findings suggest that location information may be as determining as intrinsic feature information to identify objects when the objects' intrinsic features are degraded.
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Date Issued: 2013
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3361059
Subject Headings: Recognition (Psychology), Context effects (Psychology), Visual perception, Imagery (Psychology), Implicit learning
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Identification of others using biological motion.
Creator: Manuel, Sara., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: The literature regarding biological motion suggests that people may accurately identify and recognize the gender of others using movement cues in the absence of typical identifiers. This study compared identification and gender judgments of traditional point-light stimuli to skeleton stimuli. Controlling for previous experience and execution of actions, the frequency and familiarity of movements was also considered. Watching action clips, participants learned to identify 4 male and 4 female...
Show moreThe literature regarding biological motion suggests that people may accurately identify and recognize the gender of others using movement cues in the absence of typical identifiers. This study compared identification and gender judgments of traditional point-light stimuli to skeleton stimuli. Controlling for previous experience and execution of actions, the frequency and familiarity of movements was also considered. Watching action clips, participants learned to identify 4 male and 4 female actors. Participants then identified the corresponding point-light or skeleton displays. Although results indicate higher than chance performance, no difference was observed between stimuli conditions. Analyses did show better gender recognition for common as well as previously viewed actions. This suggests that visual experience influences extraction and application of biological motion. Thus insufficient practice in relying on movement cues for identification could explain the significant yet poor performance in biological motion point-light research.
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Date Issued: 2012
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3355623
Subject Headings: Pattern recognition systems, Visual perception, Human body, Social aspects, Biometric identification, Psychophysiology
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Self-relevant familiarity effects on object recognition: effects of context, location and object's size.
Creator: Daskagianni, Evangelie., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Recent research in visual object recognition has shown that context can facilitate object recognition. This study assessed the effect of self-relevant familiarity of context in object recognition. Participants performed a task in which they had to recognize degraded objects shown under varying levels of contextual information. The level of degradation at which they could successfully recognize the target object was used as a measure of performance. There were five contextual conditions: (1)...
Show moreRecent research in visual object recognition has shown that context can facilitate object recognition. This study assessed the effect of self-relevant familiarity of context in object recognition. Participants performed a task in which they had to recognize degraded objects shown under varying levels of contextual information. The level of degradation at which they could successfully recognize the target object was used as a measure of performance. There were five contextual conditions: (1) no context, (2) context, (3) context and size, (4) context and location, (5) context, size and location. Within each contextual condition, we compared the performance of "Expert" participants who viewed objects in the context of their own house and "Novice" participants who viewed those particular settings for the first time. Ratings were performed to assess each object's consistency, frequency, position consistency, typicality and shape distinctiveness. Object's size was the only contextual info rmation that did not affect performance. Contextual information significantly reduced the amount of bottom-up visual information needed for object identification for both experts and novices. An interaction (Contextual Information x Level of Familiarity) was observed. Expert participants' performance improved significantly more than novice participants' performance by the presence of contextual information. Location information affected the performance of expert participants, only when objects that occupied stable positions were considered. Both expert and novice participants performed better with objects that rated high in typicality and shape distinctiveness. Object's consistency, frequency and position consistency did not seem to affect expert participants' performance but did affect novice participants' performance., A regression analysis model that included Level of Familiarity, Contextual Information Level, Shape and Typical performance. Our results are in accordance with the priming model of visual object recognition. We concluded that a self-relevant context has its own consistency rules and that it affects visual object recognition by narrowing down the number of expectations and the search space significantly more than a non-self-relevant context does. Keywords: visual object recognition, self-relevant familiarity, location, size, probability.
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Date Issued: 2011
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3332183
Subject Headings: Optical pattern recognition, Context effects (Psychology), Visual perception, Categorization (Psychology), Recognition (Psychology), Whole and parts (Psycholog)
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: The effect of spatial attention on pupil dynamics.
Creator: Daniels, Lori B., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Although it is well known that the pupil responds dynamically to changes in ambient light levels, the results from this dissertation show for the first time that the pupil also responds dynamically to changes in spatially distributed attention. Using a variety of orientating tasks, subjects alternated between focusing attention on a central stimulus and spreading attention over a larger area. Fourier analysis of the fluctuating pupil diameter indicated that: 1) pupil diameter changed at the...
Show moreAlthough it is well known that the pupil responds dynamically to changes in ambient light levels, the results from this dissertation show for the first time that the pupil also responds dynamically to changes in spatially distributed attention. Using a variety of orientating tasks, subjects alternated between focusing attention on a central stimulus and spreading attention over a larger area. Fourier analysis of the fluctuating pupil diameter indicated that: 1) pupil diameter changed at the rate of attention variation, dilating with broadly spread attention and contracting with narrowly focused attention, and 2) pupillary differences required changes in attentional spread; there were no differences in pupil diameter between sustained broad and sustained spread attention. Given that broadly spread attention increases the relative activation of large receptive fields and narrowly focused attention increases the relative activation of small receptive fields (Balz & Hock, 1997), the results of this study indicate that these attentional effects on receptive field activation can be mediated by changes in pupil diameter. That is, under broad attention, the corresponding pupillary dilation observed would increase spherical aberration, blurring the image thereby reducing high spatial frequency information and decreasing the activation of relatively small cortical receptive fields compared to relatively large receptive fields. This increased perception of low spatial frequencies would be beneficial in cases where attention is spread over a large area. Alternatively, under narrow attention the resulting pupillary constriction reduces spherical aberration sharpening the image and preserving high spatial frequency information resulting in a relatively increased response of small receptive fields.
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Date Issued: 2010
PURL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/1870692
Subject Headings: Visual perception, Eye, Physiology, Optics, Adaptive, Visual pathways
Format: Document (PDF)

Context effects (Psychology) (4)	+ -
Optical pattern recognition (4)	+ -
Pattern recognition systems (3)	+ -
Recognition (Psychology) (3)	+ -
Visual pathways (3)	+ -

Binocular rivalry (2)	+ -
Electroencephalography (2)	+ -
Motion perception (Vision) (2)	+ -
Perceptual motor processes (2)	+ -
Perceptual-motor processes (2)	+ -
Advanced information processing (1)	+ -
Binocular vision (1)	+ -
Biometric identification (1)	+ -
Categorization (Psychology) (1)	+ -
Cues (1)	+ -
Eye (1)	+ -
Eye -- Movements (1)	+ -
Eye tracking (1)	+ -
Eyewitness identification (1)	+ -
Gaze -- Psychological aspects (1)	+ -
Human body (1)	+ -
Human information processing (1)	+ -
Image analysis (1)	+ -
Imagery (Psychology) (1)	+ -
Implicit learning (1)	+ -
Memory, Short-Term (1)	+ -
Movement, Psychology of (1)	+ -
Neuroimaging (1)	+ -
Nonverbal communication (1)	+ -

Charles E. Schmidt College of Science (15)	+ -
Florida Atlantic University (10)	+ -
Barenholtz, Elan (4)	+ -
Hong, Sang Wook (3)	+ -
Cox, Dustin (2)	+ -

Hock, Howard S. (2)	+ -
Schlangen, Derrick (2)	+ -
Daniels, Lori B. (1)	+ -
Daskagianni, Evangelie. (1)	+ -
Ester, Edward (1)	+ -
Kersten, Alan (1)	+ -
Kleiman, Michael J. (1)	+ -
Kogan, Kristine Marie (1)	+ -
Manuel, Sara. (1)	+ -
Pacific, Justin Brooks (1)	+ -
Park, Cynthia Louise Smith (1)	+ -
Pytel, Paige (1)	+ -
Rashford, Stacey (1)	+ -
Seifert, Matthew S. (1)	+ -
Yoon, Yosun (1)	+ -

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