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- Title
- A theory for the visual perception of object motion.
- Creator
- Norman, Joseph W., Barenholtz, Elan, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences
- Abstract/Description
-
The perception of visual motion is an integral aspect of many organisms' engagement with the world. In this dissertation, a theory for the perception of visual object-motion is developed. Object-motion perception is distinguished from objectless-motion perception both experimentally and theoretically. A continuoustime dynamical neural model is developed in order to generalize the ndings and provide a theoretical framework for continued re nement of a theory for object-motion perception....
Show moreThe perception of visual motion is an integral aspect of many organisms' engagement with the world. In this dissertation, a theory for the perception of visual object-motion is developed. Object-motion perception is distinguished from objectless-motion perception both experimentally and theoretically. A continuoustime dynamical neural model is developed in order to generalize the ndings and provide a theoretical framework for continued re nement of a theory for object-motion perception. Theoretical implications as well as testable predictions of the model are discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004221, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004221
- Subject Headings
- Human information processing, Neurophysiology, Perceptual motor processes, Visual perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The attentional control of spatial perception.
- Creator
- Balz, Gunther William, Florida Atlantic University, Hock, Howard S.
- Abstract/Description
-
When perceivers examine a visual scene, they can control the extent to which their attention is either narrowly focused or spread over a larger spatial area. The experiments reported in this dissertation explore the consequences of narrow vs. broad attention for simple spatial discriminations as well as more complex cooperative interactions that are the basis for the self-organization of coherent motion patterns. Subjects' attentional spread (narrow or broad) is manipulated by means of a...
Show moreWhen perceivers examine a visual scene, they can control the extent to which their attention is either narrowly focused or spread over a larger spatial area. The experiments reported in this dissertation explore the consequences of narrow vs. broad attention for simple spatial discriminations as well as more complex cooperative interactions that are the basis for the self-organization of coherent motion patterns. Subjects' attentional spread (narrow or broad) is manipulated by means of a primary, luminance detection task. In conjunction with the luminance detection task is a secondary, spatial discrimination or detection task, which differs in the four reported experiments. In Experiment 1, the discrimination of misalignment of two visual elements is enhanced by narrowly focused attention. In Experiment 2, discrimination of horizontal spatial separation of two visual elements is improved for small inter-element distances by narrow attention and for relatively large inter-element distances by broad attention. Experiment 3 shows that the inter-element distance among counterphase-presented visual elements for which unidirectional and oscillatory motion patterns are observed with equal frequency depends on subjects' attentional spread. Narrow attention favors the oscillatory pattern and broad attention favors the unidirectional pattern. Experiment 4 shows that attentional spread has a minimal effect on the detection of motion, and, additionally that attentional effects on simple spatial judgments (Experiments 1 and 2) are too small to account for the large shift in the equi-probable boundary of reported unidirectional and oscillatory motion patterns found in Experiment 3. Therefore, it is concluded in conjunction with Hock and Balz's (1994) differential gradient model, that attentional spread influences the self-organization of unidirectional and oscillatory motion patterns through its effects on the relative strength of facilitating and inhibiting interactions among directionally selective motion detectors.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1994
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12392
- Subject Headings
- Attention, Selectivity (Psychology), Visual perception, Space perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Autonomous landing and road following using two-dimensional visual cues.
- Creator
- Yakali, Huseyin Hakan., Florida Atlantic University, Raviv, Daniel, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
- Abstract/Description
-
This dissertation deals with vision-based perception-action closed-loop control systems based on 2-D visual cues. These visual cues are used to calculate the relevant control signals required for autonomous landing and road following. In the landing tasks it has been shown that nine 2-D visual cues can be extracted from a single image of the runway. Seven of these cues can be used to accomplish parallel flight and glideslope tracking tasks of the landing. For the road following task, three...
Show moreThis dissertation deals with vision-based perception-action closed-loop control systems based on 2-D visual cues. These visual cues are used to calculate the relevant control signals required for autonomous landing and road following. In the landing tasks it has been shown that nine 2-D visual cues can be extracted from a single image of the runway. Seven of these cues can be used to accomplish parallel flight and glideslope tracking tasks of the landing. For the road following task, three different algorithms based on two different 2-D visual cues are developed. One of the road following algorithms can be used to generate steering and velocity commands for the vehicle. Glideslope tracking of the landing task has been implemented in real-time on a six-degree-of-freedom flight simulator. It has been shown that the relevant information computed from 2-D visual cues is robust and reliable for the landing tasks. Road following algorithms were tested successfully up to 50km/h on a US Army High Mobility and Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV) equipped with a vision system and on a Denning mobile robot. The algorithms have also been tested successfully using PC-based software simulation programs.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1994
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/12365
- Subject Headings
- Visual perception, Landing aids (Aeronautics)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Binding Errors and their Relationship to Object-Present and Object-Absent Motion Events.
- Creator
- Pacific, Justin Brooks, Kersten, Alan, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
- Abstract/Description
-
The current study sought to examine further the concept of eyewitness memory for events. Specifically, using filmed events that were performed with objects and events performed without objects, we explored the potential interaction of the object cue and binding or conjunction errors. This specific memory error involves improperly pairing two or more feature memories together in the long-term store. In our study, these features were the action and the actress performing the action. Our study...
Show moreThe current study sought to examine further the concept of eyewitness memory for events. Specifically, using filmed events that were performed with objects and events performed without objects, we explored the potential interaction of the object cue and binding or conjunction errors. This specific memory error involves improperly pairing two or more feature memories together in the long-term store. In our study, these features were the action and the actress performing the action. Our study involved 51 participants. Participants were shown target events in Week 1 and asked to retrieve the target events from a larger group of events in Week 2. While findings did not show the expected interaction of conjunction events to object presence or absence, objects without an object showed a significantly higher acceptance rate. A secondary analysis revealed an interaction effect between head-focus and recognition item type, meaning participants did view events without an object differently from objects with an object.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2006
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000804
- Subject Headings
- Context effects (Psychology), Eyewitness identification, Recollection (Psychology), Visual perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- COLLISION FREE NAVIGATION IN 3D UNSTRUCTURED ENVIRONMENTS USING VISUAL LOOMING.
- Creator
- Yepes, Juan David Arango, Raviv, Daniel, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, College of Engineering and Computer Science
- Abstract/Description
-
Vision is a critical sense for many species, with the perception of motion being a fundamental aspect. This aspect often provides richer information than static images for understanding the environment. Motion recognition is a relatively simple computation compared to shape recognition. Many creatures can discriminate moving objects quite well while having virtually no capacity for recognizing stationary objects. Traditional methods for collision-free navigation require the reconstruction of...
Show moreVision is a critical sense for many species, with the perception of motion being a fundamental aspect. This aspect often provides richer information than static images for understanding the environment. Motion recognition is a relatively simple computation compared to shape recognition. Many creatures can discriminate moving objects quite well while having virtually no capacity for recognizing stationary objects. Traditional methods for collision-free navigation require the reconstruction of a 3D model of the environment before planning an action. These methods face numerous limitations as they are computationally expensive and struggle to scale in unstructured and dynamic environments with a multitude of moving objects. This thesis proposes a more scalable and efficient alternative approach without 3D reconstruction. We focus on visual motion cues, specifically ’visual looming’, the relative expansion of objects on an image sensor. This concept allows for the perception of collision threats and facilitates collision-free navigation in any environment, structured or unstructured, regardless of the vehicle’s movement or the number of moving objects present.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2023
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014239
- Subject Headings
- Motion perception (Vision), Collision avoidance systems, Visual perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Competing mechanisms in the perception of apparent motion: Effects of zero-hertz and time-varying energy.
- Creator
- Kogan, Kristine Marie, Florida Atlantic University, Hock, Howard S., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
Anstis, et al. (1985) have reported that under certain conditions the visual system adapts and the perception of apparent motion breaks down. The present research indicates that breakdown is actually a result of same-place mechanisms successfully competing with motion-detecting mechanisms. Thus, the perception of stationarity (with flicker) can occur at the start of a trial and spontaneously switch to the perception of motion, or vice versa. The response of same-place mechanisms depends on...
Show moreAnstis, et al. (1985) have reported that under certain conditions the visual system adapts and the perception of apparent motion breaks down. The present research indicates that breakdown is actually a result of same-place mechanisms successfully competing with motion-detecting mechanisms. Thus, the perception of stationarity (with flicker) can occur at the start of a trial and spontaneously switch to the perception of motion, or vice versa. The response of same-place mechanisms depends on the zero-hertz energy at each location of an apparent motion stimulus, whereas the response of motion mechanisms depends on the time-varying energy. Average luminance, luminance contrast, the temporal symmetry of the apparent motion display, and relative phase are manipulated to investigate competition between same-place and motion-detecting mechanisms.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1995
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15234
- Subject Headings
- Motion perception (Vision), Perceptual-motor processes, Visual perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Competition between opposing motion directions in the perception of apparent motion: A new look at an old stimulus.
- Creator
- Huisman, Avia, Florida Atlantic University, Hock, Howard S.
- Abstract/Description
-
This study tested the hypothesis that the perception of 2-flash apparent motion (points of light are briefly presented in succession at a nearby locations) is the outcome of competition between two opposing motion directions activated by the stimulus. Experiment 1 replicated previous results obtained using 2-flash stimuli; motion was optimal for a non-zero inter-frame interval (Kolers, 1972; Wertheimer, 1912). In Experiment 2, stimuli were pared down to a single luminance change toward the...
Show moreThis study tested the hypothesis that the perception of 2-flash apparent motion (points of light are briefly presented in succession at a nearby locations) is the outcome of competition between two opposing motion directions activated by the stimulus. Experiment 1 replicated previous results obtained using 2-flash stimuli; motion was optimal for a non-zero inter-frame interval (Kolers, 1972; Wertheimer, 1912). In Experiment 2, stimuli were pared down to a single luminance change toward the background at one location, and a single luminance change away from the background at one location at another. Results were consistent with apparent motion being specified by the counter-changing luminance; motion was optimal for a non-zero inter-frame interval. A subtractive model based on counter-change stimulating opposing motion directions did not account for the results of the 2-flash experiment. An alternative model based on the combined transient responses of biphasic detectors is discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2005
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13209
- Subject Headings
- Contrast sensitivity (Vision), Visual perception, Motion perception (Vision), Movement, Psychology of
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The effects of standard and deviant tones on event-related brain potentials and reaction-times to visual stimuli.
- Creator
- Fernandez, Mercedes, Florida Atlantic University, Nash, Allan J.
- Abstract/Description
-
This research investigated whether choice reaction time (RT) measures and the P300 component of the event-related brain potential (ERP) could be employed to index the attentional resources associated with performing two near-simultaneous tasks. Specifically, this study investigated the effects of auditory tones on the ERPs and RTs associated with a visual stimulus when the stimuli in both modalities were presented in close temporal proximity. The hypothesis that the ERPs and RTs elicited by...
Show moreThis research investigated whether choice reaction time (RT) measures and the P300 component of the event-related brain potential (ERP) could be employed to index the attentional resources associated with performing two near-simultaneous tasks. Specifically, this study investigated the effects of auditory tones on the ERPs and RTs associated with a visual stimulus when the stimuli in both modalities were presented in close temporal proximity. The hypothesis that the ERPs and RTs elicited by the deviant visual stimulus would index the processing demands associated with the auditory modality was confirmed. In general, greater P300 amplitude associated with one task indicates diminished P300 and poorer performance on a second task. The results indicate that P300 may be a sensitive indicator of shared processing resources when two tasks are performed near simultaneously.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1995
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15122
- Subject Headings
- Selectivity (Psychology), Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology), Visual perception, Signal detection (Psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Enhancing video quality based on psychophysical studies of smooth pursuit eye movements.
- Creator
- Chilamakuri, Pavani., Florida Atlantic University, Furht, Borko, Glenn, William E., College of Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
- Abstract/Description
-
When motion occurs in a scene, the quality of video degrades due to motion smear, which results in a loss of contrast in the image. The characteristics of the human vision system when smooth pursuit eye movements occur are different from those when the eye fixates on an object such as a video screen during motion. Smooth pursuit eye movements dominate in the presence of dynamic stimuli. In the presence of smooth pursuit eye movements, the contrast sensitivity for increasing target velocities...
Show moreWhen motion occurs in a scene, the quality of video degrades due to motion smear, which results in a loss of contrast in the image. The characteristics of the human vision system when smooth pursuit eye movements occur are different from those when the eye fixates on an object such as a video screen during motion. Smooth pursuit eye movements dominate in the presence of dynamic stimuli. In the presence of smooth pursuit eye movements, the contrast sensitivity for increasing target velocities shifts toward lower spatial frequencies. The sensitivity for low spatial frequencies during motion is higher than for a stationary case. This dissertation will propose a method to improve the perceptual quality of video using temporal enhancement prefiltering technique based on the characteristics of Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements (SPEM). The resulting technique closely matches the characteristics of the human visual system (HVS). When motion occurs, the eye tracks the moving targets in a scene as opposed to fixating on any portion of the scene. Hence, psychophysical studies of smooth pursuit eye movements were used as a basis to design the temporal filters. Results of experiments show that temporal enhancement results in improved quality by increasing the apparent sharpness of the image sequence. In this dissertation, a study of research describing how motion affects the image quality at the camera lens and the human eye is presented. This dissertation uses that research to develop a temporal enhancement technique to improve the quality of video degraded by motion.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2003
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FADT12035
- Subject Headings
- Eye--Movements, Digital video, Visual perception, Video compression
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- AN EXAMINATION OF CONTEXT EFFECTS IN VISUAL PERCEPTION.
- Creator
- GORDON, GREGORY PETER, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
A "same-different" reaction time paradigm was used to investigate the influence of context on the perception of multiple object scenes consisting of "real-world" objects. The relationships among these objects were manipulated to compose four different contextual arrangements. This enabled an investigation of three aspects of context: familiarity, physical plausibility, and belongingness. Differences in reaction time between the four levels of context were significant for both same and...
Show moreA "same-different" reaction time paradigm was used to investigate the influence of context on the perception of multiple object scenes consisting of "real-world" objects. The relationships among these objects were manipulated to compose four different contextual arrangements. This enabled an investigation of three aspects of context: familiarity, physical plausibility, and belongingness. Differences in reaction time between the four levels of context were significant for both same and different responses. Furthermore, a correlational analysis indicated individual differences in the use of contextual effects. Those subjects who were most influenced by whether or not the objects belonged together, were least influenced by the disruption of the rules of physical plausibility, and vice versa. Correlational analyses concerned with the relationship between individual differences in context effects and emphasis on structural versus analytic processing (Hock, 1973) were insignificant, though in the predicted direction.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1973
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13558
- Subject Headings
- Visual perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Eye Fixations of the Face Are Modulated by Perception of a Bidirectional Social Interaction.
- Creator
- Kleiman, Michael J., Barenholtz, Elan, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
Eye fixations of the face are normally directed towards either the eyes or the mouth, however the proportions of gaze to either of these regions are dependent on context. Previous studies of gaze behavior demonstrate a tendency to stare into a target’s eyes, however no studies investigate the differences between when participants believe they are engaging in a live interaction compared to knowingly watching a pre-recorded video, a distinction that may contribute to studies of memory encoding....
Show moreEye fixations of the face are normally directed towards either the eyes or the mouth, however the proportions of gaze to either of these regions are dependent on context. Previous studies of gaze behavior demonstrate a tendency to stare into a target’s eyes, however no studies investigate the differences between when participants believe they are engaging in a live interaction compared to knowingly watching a pre-recorded video, a distinction that may contribute to studies of memory encoding. This study examined differences in fixation behavior for when participants falsely believed they were engaging in a real-time interaction over the internet (“Real-time stimulus”) compared to when they knew they were watching a pre-recorded video (“Pre-recorded stimulus”). Results indicated that participants fixated significantly longer towards the eyes for the pre-recorded stimulus than for the real-time stimulus, suggesting that previous studies which utilize pre-recorded videos may lack ecological validity.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004701, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004701
- Subject Headings
- Eye -- Movements, Eye tracking, Gaze -- Psychological aspects, Nonverbal communication, Optical pattern recognition, Perceptual motor processes, Visual perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Flexible Attentional Prioritization of Working Memory Object Representations.
- Creator
- Pytel, Paige, Ester, Edward, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science
- Abstract/Description
-
Working memory (WM) is an important cognitive function that, among other duties, allows temporary storage of visual representations of objects observed in the sensorium. The visual aspect of this core cognitive function enables our perception of the identity of objects and where those objects are located in space at any particular time to help direct attention. In a typical working memory task, a cue is presented beforehand to guide attention to which objects in an array to encode. The...
Show moreWorking memory (WM) is an important cognitive function that, among other duties, allows temporary storage of visual representations of objects observed in the sensorium. The visual aspect of this core cognitive function enables our perception of the identity of objects and where those objects are located in space at any particular time to help direct attention. In a typical working memory task, a cue is presented beforehand to guide attention to which objects in an array to encode. The performance of our WM abilities can be improved on memory tasks by a retrospective cue resented after the encoding process of working memory. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain etrospective cue benefits in WM performance, including the removal of irrelevant information from WM, attentional enhancement of the cued representation, protection of the cued representation from subsequent decay or interference, or retrieval head start.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2019
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013406
- Subject Headings
- Memory, Short-Term, Cues, Visual perception, Electroencephalography
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- HEMISPHERIC DIFFERENCES IN THE EFFECT OF STIMULUS FAMILIARITY ON PERCEIVED DURATION.
- Creator
- MURPHY, ARTHUR LORD, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
A paired-comparisons procedure was used to obtain relative duration judgements of identical pairs of normal (e.g. A vs. A) or rotated (e.g.V vs.V) letters. Each pair of letters was presented simultaneously for a duration of 50msec, with one letter in the LVF (left visual field, right hemisphere), and one in the RVF (right visual field, left hemisphere). It was hypothesized that LVF presentations of rotated letters would have a greater apparent duration . This was based on Hock, Kronseder, and...
Show moreA paired-comparisons procedure was used to obtain relative duration judgements of identical pairs of normal (e.g. A vs. A) or rotated (e.g.V vs.V) letters. Each pair of letters was presented simultaneously for a duration of 50msec, with one letter in the LVF (left visual field, right hemisphere), and one in the RVF (right visual field, left hemisphere). It was hypothesized that LVF presentations of rotated letters would have a greater apparent duration . This was based on Hock, Kronseder, and Corcoran's (1975) demonstration that rotated letters presented in the LVF produce longer reaction times than RVF presentations on a visual comparisons task. The results were that subjects' "left" vs. "right" responses did not differ significantly for any of the conditions. Methodological considerations were cited as a possible reason for the failure to confirm the present hypo thesis.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1976
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13810
- Subject Headings
- Time perception, Visual perception, Human information processing
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- How the Spatial Organization of Objects Affects Perceptual Processing of a Scene.
- Creator
- Rashford, Stacey, Barenholtz, Elan, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
How does spatial organization of objects affect the perceptual processing of a scene? Surprisingly, little research has explored this topic. A few studies have reported that, when simple, homogenous stimuli (e.g., dots), are presented in a regular formation, they are judged to be more numerous than when presented in a random configuration (Ginsburg, 1976; 1978). However, these results may not apply to real-world objects. In the current study, fewer objects were believed to be on organized...
Show moreHow does spatial organization of objects affect the perceptual processing of a scene? Surprisingly, little research has explored this topic. A few studies have reported that, when simple, homogenous stimuli (e.g., dots), are presented in a regular formation, they are judged to be more numerous than when presented in a random configuration (Ginsburg, 1976; 1978). However, these results may not apply to real-world objects. In the current study, fewer objects were believed to be on organized desks than their disorganized equivalents. Objects that are organized may be more likely to become integrated, due to classic Gestalt principles. Consequently, visual search may be more difficult. Such object integration may diminish saliency, making objects less apparent and more difficult to find. This could explain why, in the present study, objects on disorganized desks were found faster.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004537, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004537
- Subject Headings
- Image analysis, Optical pattern recognition, Pattern recognition systems, Phenomenological psychology, Visual perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN REPRODUCTIVE MEMORY.
- Creator
- WHITEHURST, ROBERT EUGENE, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
Individual differences were obtained in a task requiring the reproduction of familiar and unfamiliar dot patterns. These individual differences were related to Hock's (1973) distinction between Ss emphasizing analytic vs. structural processes. For some Ss (structural), reproductive performance was facilitated by past experience, presumably because these Ss acquired a structural organizational scheme of knowledge. For the other Ss (analytic), reproductive performance was retarded by past...
Show moreIndividual differences were obtained in a task requiring the reproduction of familiar and unfamiliar dot patterns. These individual differences were related to Hock's (1973) distinction between Ss emphasizing analytic vs. structural processes. For some Ss (structural), reproductive performance was facilitated by past experience, presumably because these Ss acquired a structural organizational scheme of knowledge. For the other Ss (analytic), reproductive performance was retarded by past experience, presumably because these Ss acquired a knowledge of "distinctive" features.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1975
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13748
- Subject Headings
- Reproduction (Psychology), Visual perception, Recognition (Psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- THE INTENSITY OF HOPKINS' VISUAL PERCEPTION.
- Creator
- MILLER, JANE TURTON., Florida Atlantic University, Nathan, Norman
- Abstract/Description
-
The remarkable genius of Gerard Manley Hopkins' visual perception, as revealed in his journals and poems, is a product of the intensity with which the poet conceives a thing in terms of the physical action prompted by it, and is the result of the vibrant joining of perceiver and percept. He defines a scene so that the reader may see and praise God, the Creator of each thing in the landscape. The joining of God, perceiver, and percept is a dynamic communion charged with energy. According to...
Show moreThe remarkable genius of Gerard Manley Hopkins' visual perception, as revealed in his journals and poems, is a product of the intensity with which the poet conceives a thing in terms of the physical action prompted by it, and is the result of the vibrant joining of perceiver and percept. He defines a scene so that the reader may see and praise God, the Creator of each thing in the landscape. The joining of God, perceiver, and percept is a dynamic communion charged with energy. According to Hopkins, the flow of language should match the original sensation of the single unified effect upon the beholder of the scene; such a sensation appears in direct relationship to the intensity of the poet's visual interpretation of the scene.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1976
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13829
- Subject Headings
- Hopkins, Gerard Manley,--1844-1889, Visual perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Investigating the Temporal Dynamics of Advanced Information Processing During Interocular Suppression Using Electroencephalography and Pattern Classification.
- Creator
- Cox, Dustin, Hong, Sang Wook, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
A thorough delineation of the extent of processing possible without visual awareness is necessary to elucidate the neural mechanisms of visual awareness. Despite extensive research, it is presently unclear whether invisible stimuli can undergo advanced processing. To introduce existing work on this topic, previous behavioral efforts to investigate the extent of processing possible without visual awareness and the psychophysical methods used to render stimuli invisible, such as visual masking...
Show moreA thorough delineation of the extent of processing possible without visual awareness is necessary to elucidate the neural mechanisms of visual awareness. Despite extensive research, it is presently unclear whether invisible stimuli can undergo advanced processing. To introduce existing work on this topic, previous behavioral efforts to investigate the extent of processing possible without visual awareness and the psychophysical methods used to render stimuli invisible, such as visual masking and interocular suppression-based techniques, are discussed. Physiological evidence that provide support for and against the possibility that advanced information processing can occur without visual awareness are addressed. The basics of multivariate pattern classification techniques are outlined. The potential of using multivariate pattern classification analyses in conjunction with neuroimaging in the temporal domain to investigate whether advanced processing can occur without visual awareness is discussed. An original study using electroencephalography (EEG) and pattern classification techniques to investigate the extent of processing possible without visual awareness is outlined. The results of the analyses reveal that a pattern classifier did not extract neural signatures of categorical processing from EEG recordings when participants viewed an image that remained invisible for the duration of its presentation. In contrast, the results from a second experiment reveal that the pattern classifier was able to decode the category of invisible images from the EEG time series when the images would eventually become visible. The results provide support for the idea that under certain circumstances, such as when the depth of interocular suppression is reduced, advanced processing for invisible stimuli can occur.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2019
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013193
- Subject Headings
- Advanced information processing, Electroencephalography, Neuroimaging, Visual perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Peripheral Object Recognition in Naturalistic Scenes.
- Creator
- Schlangen, Derrick, Barenholtz, Elan, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
Most of the human visual field falls in the periphery, and peripheral processing is important for normal visual functioning. Yet, little is known about peripheral object recognition in naturalistic scenes and factors that modulate this ability. We propose that a critical function of scene and object memory is in order to facilitate visual object recognition in the periphery. In the first experiment, participants identified objects in scenes across different levels of familiarity and...
Show moreMost of the human visual field falls in the periphery, and peripheral processing is important for normal visual functioning. Yet, little is known about peripheral object recognition in naturalistic scenes and factors that modulate this ability. We propose that a critical function of scene and object memory is in order to facilitate visual object recognition in the periphery. In the first experiment, participants identified objects in scenes across different levels of familiarity and contextual information within the scene. We found that familiarity with a scene resulted in a significant increase in the distance that objects were recognized. Furthermore, we found that a semantically consistent scene improved the distance that object recognition is possible, supporting the notion that contextual facilitation is possible in the periphery. In the second experiment, the preview duration of a scene was varied in order to examine how a scene representation is built and how memory of that scene and the objects within it contributes to object recognition in the periphery. We found that the closer participants fixated to the object in the preview, the farther on average they recognized that target object in the periphery. However, only a preview duration of the scenes for 5000 ms produced significantly farther peripheral object recognition compared to not previewing the scene. Overall, these experiments introduce a novel research paradigm for object recognition in naturalistic scenes, and demonstrates multiple factors that have systematic effects on peripheral object recognition.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004669, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004669
- Subject Headings
- Context effects (Psychology), Human information processing, Optical pattern recognition, Pattern recognition systems, Recognition (Psychology), Visual perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Potential stimulus contributions to counterchange determined motion perception.
- Creator
- Park, Cynthia Louise Smith, Hock, Howard S., Barenholtz, Elan, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
Prior research has explored the counterchange model of motion detection in terms of counterchanging information that originates in the stimulus foreground (or objects). These experiments explore counterchange apparent motion with regard to a new apparent motion stimulus where the necessary counterchanging information required for apparent motion is provided by altering the luminance of the background. It was found that apparent motion produced by background-counterchange requires longer frame...
Show morePrior research has explored the counterchange model of motion detection in terms of counterchanging information that originates in the stimulus foreground (or objects). These experiments explore counterchange apparent motion with regard to a new apparent motion stimulus where the necessary counterchanging information required for apparent motion is provided by altering the luminance of the background. It was found that apparent motion produced by background-counterchange requires longer frame durations and lower levels of average stimulus contrast compared to foreground-counterchange. Furthermore, inter-object distance does not influence apparent motion produced by background-counterchange to the degree it influences apparent motion produced by foreground-counterchange.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004313
- Subject Headings
- Motion perception (Vision), Perceptual motor processes, Visual analysis, Visual discrimination, Visual pathways, Visual perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- THE SPATIAL FRAMEWORK OF FORM PERCEPTION: INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES WITH RESPECT TO PHENOMENAL AND RETINAL DETERMINATION OF SPATIAL REFERENCE.
- Creator
- GOLD, LEON SAMUEL, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
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Rock's procedure for separating the effect of objective and retinal spatial reference by varying stimulus orientation and body posture was used in conjunction with the "same-different" reaction time paradigm. It was predicted that the individual differences in perceptual processing (analytic and structural) obtained by Hock (1973) would involve different determinants of spatial reference, these being retinal reference for analytic processing and objective reference for structural processing....
Show moreRock's procedure for separating the effect of objective and retinal spatial reference by varying stimulus orientation and body posture was used in conjunction with the "same-different" reaction time paradigm. It was predicted that the individual differences in perceptual processing (analytic and structural) obtained by Hock (1973) would involve different determinants of spatial reference, these being retinal reference for analytic processing and objective reference for structural processing. The results show that analytic subjects as hypothesized, referenced perceptual information to a retinal coordinate system. Structural subjects however, seemed to reference perceptual information to both objective and retinal coordinates. The results for structural subjects were attributed to the unexpected finding that subjects who were structural while upright, became analytic when in a reclining position. The latter finding suggested that Rock's methodology for separating the effects of retinal and objective orientation relies on the subjects employing the same mode of processing in all bodily postures.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1974
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13649
- Subject Headings
- Form perception, Orientation (Psychology), Recognition (Psychology), Visual perception
- Format
- Document (PDF)