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Annual Fluctuations of Lipid Levels in the Sea Anemone Anthopleura Elegantissima (Brandt, 1835)
Title
Annual Fluctuations of Lipid Levels in the Sea Anemone Anthopleura Elegantissima (Brandt, 1835).
Creator
Jennison, Brian L., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Date Issued
1979
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3331808
Subject Headings
Sea anemones, Lipids, Anthopleura
Format
Document (PDF)
effect of feeding on repopulation of the sea anemone Aiptasia pallida by symbiotic dinoflagellates (zooxanthellae)
Title
The effect of feeding on repopulation of the sea anemone Aiptasia pallida by symbiotic dinoflagellates (zooxanthellae).
Creator
Flinn, Randa N., Florida Atlantic University, Dobkin, Sheldon, Cook, Clayton B.
Abstract/Description
Many marine organisms possess endosymbiotic dinoflagellates called zooxanthellae. Bleaching is the loss of zooxanthellae, but bleached hosts can be repopulated. Little is known about how repopulation is controlled. The sea anemone Aiptasia pallida was used to study the effects of feeding on repopulation. Two groups of aposymbiotic anemones were reinfected with algae from symbiotic clones. One group was fed and the other starved, and counts of algae within each anemone were made at 3 day...
Show moreMany marine organisms possess endosymbiotic dinoflagellates called zooxanthellae. Bleaching is the loss of zooxanthellae, but bleached hosts can be repopulated. Little is known about how repopulation is controlled. The sea anemone Aiptasia pallida was used to study the effects of feeding on repopulation. Two groups of aposymbiotic anemones were reinfected with algae from symbiotic clones. One group was fed and the other starved, and counts of algae within each anemone were made at 3 day intervals for 6 weeks. The experiment was repeated, and results showed that the rate of algal growth did not differ between fed and starved groups. However, starved anemones reached plateau more quickly and lost algal cells after plateau was reached, whereas fed anemones contained more algae and protein. This suggests that starved anemones can support an algal population initially, but cannot maintain it. Space and nutrients are implicated in having a limiting effect on maintenance of symbionts.
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Date Issued
1997
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15495
Subject Headings
Sea anemones, Dinoflagellates, Zooxanthellales
Format
Document (PDF)
FLORIDA SHALLOW WATER SEA ANEMONES: ORDER CORALLIMORPHARIA, AND THE BOLOCEROIDARIAN ACTINIARIA (CNIDARIA: ANTHOZOA)
Title
FLORIDA SHALLOW WATER SEA ANEMONES: ORDER CORALLIMORPHARIA, AND THE BOLOCEROIDARIAN ACTINIARIA (CNIDARIA: ANTHOZOA).
Creator
SEATON, ROBERT WYLIE., Florida Atlantic University
Abstract/Description
This study investigates the taxonomic status and relationships of Florida shallow water sea anemones in two groups: the order Corallimorpharia, and the tribe Boloceroidaria in the order Actiniaria. Ten species (all Caribbean forms) are redescribed with emphasis on the types, sizes, and distributions of nematocysts. Seven species are new to the United States. In the Corallimorpharia, Ricordea is considered a corallimorphid specialized by a single adaptive shift, to symbiosis with zooxanthellae...
Show moreThis study investigates the taxonomic status and relationships of Florida shallow water sea anemones in two groups: the order Corallimorpharia, and the tribe Boloceroidaria in the order Actiniaria. Ten species (all Caribbean forms) are redescribed with emphasis on the types, sizes, and distributions of nematocysts. Seven species are new to the United States. In the Corallimorpharia, Ricordea is considered a corallimorphid specialized by a single adaptive shift, to symbiosis with zooxanthellae. Discosoma torpida is treated as the fourth Caribbean representative of that genus, distinct from D. sanctithomae. Spirocysts occur in Discosoma spp. In the Boloceroidaria, Viatrix (= Bunodeopsis) has the type-species v. globulifera (Duchassaing, 1850) and two other Caribbean species: V. reclinata (= pelagica) andy. eugenia(= antilliensis). Alicia mirabilis and Lebrunia danae share distinctive nematocyst types with acontiate Mesomyaria (Diadumenidae, Aiptasiidae).
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Date Issued
1981
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14089
Subject Headings
Sea anemones--Florida
Format
Document (PDF)
Investigations on symbioses between shrimp and sea anemones
Title
Investigations on symbioses between shrimp and sea anemones.
Creator
Mihalik, Mary Beth, Florida Atlantic University, Brooks, W. Randy
Abstract/Description
Periclimenes yucatanicus, P. pedersoni, and Thor sp. were nonrandomly distributed among three anemone species at different sites off southern Florida. Host selection tests showed that P. yucatanicus had a strong preference for one anemone, which could explain its field abundance with this same species. Host location tests showed that both Periclimenes species used chemical cues to detect their anemones--visual information seemed unimportant. Laboratory predation trials showed that shrimp...
Show morePericlimenes yucatanicus, P. pedersoni, and Thor sp. were nonrandomly distributed among three anemone species at different sites off southern Florida. Host selection tests showed that P. yucatanicus had a strong preference for one anemone, which could explain its field abundance with this same species. Host location tests showed that both Periclimenes species used chemical cues to detect their anemones--visual information seemed unimportant. Laboratory predation trials showed that shrimp survived significantly longer with an anemone than without in the presence of predatory fishes. The acclimation behavior of Periclimenes was described to analyze the protection mechanism. Legs and antennae were in frequent contact with the anemone, but the other body regions rarely contacted the tentacles. Additionally, antennae were used frequently to direct tentacles away from these other body regions. Coating of high contact areas with anemone mucus and avoidance of tentacles with other areas may be the method of protection.
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Date Issued
1989
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14565
Subject Headings
Shrimps, Sea anemones, Symbiosis
Format
Document (PDF)
Host specificity of the anemoneshrimp Periclimenes pedersoni and Periclimenes yucatanicus in the Florida Keys
Title
Host specificity of the anemoneshrimp Periclimenes pedersoni and Periclimenes yucatanicus in the Florida Keys.
Creator
Gwaltney, Christina Little, Florida Atlantic University, Brooks, W. Randy
Abstract/Description
Host specificity by Periclimenes pedersoni and P. yucatanicus to three species of sea anemone was investigated. Field associations, initial preferences (within 72 h of collection) in the laboratory, and changes in preference after "conditioning" with an alternate host were compared. Periclimenes pedersoni associated with Bartholomea annulata in the field preferred this same anemone in choice trials. These same shrimp changed preference after 2 to 8 wks of conditioning with a different host...
Show moreHost specificity by Periclimenes pedersoni and P. yucatanicus to three species of sea anemone was investigated. Field associations, initial preferences (within 72 h of collection) in the laboratory, and changes in preference after "conditioning" with an alternate host were compared. Periclimenes pedersoni associated with Bartholomea annulata in the field preferred this same anemone in choice trials. These same shrimp changed preference after 2 to 8 wks of conditioning with a different host species. Periclimenes yucatanicus associated with Stichodactyla helianthus in the field preferred this same anemone in choice trials. Those P. yucatanicus collected from either Condylactis gigantea or B. annulata did not exhibit an initial preference for these respective hosts. Periclimenes yucatanicus initially found on and preferring S. helianthus did not change their preference after conditioning; those found on other hosts chose S. helianthus after conditioning.
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Date Issued
1991
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14737
Subject Headings
Sea anemones--Florida--Florida Keys, Sea anemones--Behavior
Format
Document (PDF)
Heterospecific aggression and dispersion in two species of sea anemones in the Florida Keys
Title
Heterospecific aggression and dispersion in two species of sea anemones in the Florida Keys.
Creator
Barham, Edward Mark., Florida Atlantic University, Bourne, Godfrey R.
Abstract/Description
The relationship between heterospecific aggression and dispersion in sea anemones is poorly understood. This relationship was elucidated for Bartholomea annulata Leseur and Aiptasia pallida Verrill at a quarry in the Florida Keys. Laboratory experiments indicated that B. annulata was the aggressor. Individuals of both species moved to avoid contact under both laboratory and field conditions. Field assessment of dispersion revealed aggregated patterns, as well as vertical segregation between...
Show moreThe relationship between heterospecific aggression and dispersion in sea anemones is poorly understood. This relationship was elucidated for Bartholomea annulata Leseur and Aiptasia pallida Verrill at a quarry in the Florida Keys. Laboratory experiments indicated that B. annulata was the aggressor. Individuals of both species moved to avoid contact under both laboratory and field conditions. Field assessment of dispersion revealed aggregated patterns, as well as vertical segregation between the species. Bartholomea annulata was most abundant at a depth of 0.75 m, while A. pallida dominated at the surface. Heterospecific aggression may be just one but probably an important one of several factors mediating the spatial distribution of these two sea anemones.
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Date Issued
1991
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14733
Subject Headings
Sea anemones--Florida--Florida Keys, Sea anemones--Behavior
Format
Document (PDF)
Gametogenesis and reproductive cycles in the sea anemone Anthopleura elegantissima (Brandt, 1835)
Title
Gametogenesis and reproductive cycles in the sea anemone Anthopleura elegantissima (Brandt, 1835).
Creator
Jennison, Brian L., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Date Issued
1979
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3342212
Subject Headings
Anthopleura, Sea anemones, Gametogenesis, Reproduction
Format
Document (PDF)
Effects of thermal effluents on reproduction in a sea anemone
Title
Effects of thermal effluents on reproduction in a sea anemone.
Creator
Jennison, Brian L., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Date Issued
1977
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3331804
Subject Headings
Sea anemones, Thermal effluent, Reproduction
Format
Document (PDF)
Reproductive biology of three species of sea anemones from the central Atlantic coast of Florida
Title
Reproductive biology of three species of sea anemones from the central Atlantic coast of Florida.
Creator
Jennison, Brian L., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Date Issued
1983
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00007473
Subject Headings
Atlantic Coast (Fla.), Sea anemones, Reproductive biology
Format
Document (PDF)
Reproduction in three species of sea anemones from Key West, Florida
Title
Reproduction in three species of sea anemones from Key West, Florida.
Creator
Jennison, Brian L., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Date Issued
1981
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3342219
Subject Headings
Sea anemones, Reproduction, Key West (Fla.), Viviparity
Format
Document (PDF)
The role of symbiotic dinoflagellates in the temperature-induced bleaching response of the subtropical sea anemone Aiptasia pallida
Title
The role of symbiotic dinoflagellates in the temperature-induced bleaching response of the subtropical sea anemone Aiptasia pallida.
Creator
Perez, Santiago F., Cook, Clayton B., Brooks, W. Randy
Date Issued
2001
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3165425
Subject Headings
Coral bleaching, Dinoflagellates, Zooxanthella, Sea anemones, Symbiosis, Photosynthesis
Format
Document (PDF)
Nematocyst replacement in the sea anemone Aiptasia Pallida following predation by Lysmata Wurdemanni: an inducible defense?
Title
Nematocyst replacement in the sea anemone Aiptasia Pallida following predation by Lysmata Wurdemanni: an inducible defense?.
Creator
Jennings, Lucas, Laramore, Susan E., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
The sea anemone Aiptasia pallida is a biological model for anthozoan research. Like all cnidarians, A. pallida possesses nematocysts for food capture and defense. Studies have shown that anthozoans, such as corals, can rapidly increase nematocyst concentration when faced with competition or predation, suggesting that nematocyst production may be an induced trait. The potential effects of two types of tissue damage, predator induced (Lysmata wurdemanni) and artificial (forceps), on nematocyst...
Show moreThe sea anemone Aiptasia pallida is a biological model for anthozoan research. Like all cnidarians, A. pallida possesses nematocysts for food capture and defense. Studies have shown that anthozoans, such as corals, can rapidly increase nematocyst concentration when faced with competition or predation, suggesting that nematocyst production may be an induced trait. The potential effects of two types of tissue damage, predator induced (Lysmata wurdemanni) and artificial (forceps), on nematocyst concentration was assessed. Nematocysts were identified by type and size to examine the potential plasticity associated with nematocyst production. While no significant differences were found in defensive nematocyst concentration between shrimp predation treatments versus controls, there was a significant difference in small-sized nematocyst in anemones damaged with forceps. The proportions of the different types of nematocysts between treatment types were also found to be different suggesting that nematocyst production in A. pallida is a plastic trait.
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Date Issued
2014
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004204, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004204
Subject Headings
Coral reef ecology, Marine ecology, Nematocysts, Predation (Biology), Sea anemones
Format
Document (PDF)
The role of symbiotic dinoflagellates in the temperature-induced bleaching response of Aiptasia pallida
Title
The role of symbiotic dinoflagellates in the temperature-induced bleaching response of Aiptasia pallida.
Creator
Perez, Santiago F., Florida Atlantic University, Marsh, G. Alex, Cook, Clayton B., Brooks, W. Randy, Koch, Marguerite
Abstract/Description
Bleaching of reef corals and other cnidarians symbiotic with zooxanthellae can be attributed to the stress response of the host, algae or both. To determine if zooxanthellae are involved in the bleaching process, I infected a single strain of sea anemone, Aiptasia pallida with zooxanthellae from different hosts. I measured expulsion of the algae from the host during 24-hour incubations at 25, 32 and 34C, as well as photosynthetic rates at these temperatures. Photosynthesis and expulsion of...
Show moreBleaching of reef corals and other cnidarians symbiotic with zooxanthellae can be attributed to the stress response of the host, algae or both. To determine if zooxanthellae are involved in the bleaching process, I infected a single strain of sea anemone, Aiptasia pallida with zooxanthellae from different hosts. I measured expulsion of the algae from the host during 24-hour incubations at 25, 32 and 34C, as well as photosynthetic rates at these temperatures. Photosynthesis and expulsion of zooxanthellae were inversely and directly proportional to elevated temperatures, respectively. Photosynthesis and expulsion of zooxanthellae isolated from Condylactis gigantea showed the greatest sensitivity to elevated temperature when compared to other zooxanthellae tested. These results suggest that zooxanthellae have a function in the bleaching process and that this function may be related to their photosynthetic response. Thus, the differential tolerance of zooxanthellae to stress could partly explain the spatial variability characteristic of coral-bleaching episodes.
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Date Issued
1999
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15698
Subject Headings
Dinoflagellates, Sea anemones, Coral reef ecology, Seawater--Thermal properties
Format
Document (PDF)
Rapid arm movements in stalked crinoids
Title
Rapid arm movements in stalked crinoids.
Creator
Young, Craig M., Emson, Roland H., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Date Issued
1995
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/3174235
Subject Headings
Crinoidea, Sea anemones, Suspension feeders --Ecology --Congresses, Conditioned response, Stimulus compounding
Format
Document (PDF)
Snapping shrimp protect host anemones from predators
Title
Snapping shrimp protect host anemones from predators.
Creator
McCammon, Amber., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
The sea anemone Bartholomea annulata, is an ecologically important member of Caribbean coral reefs. This anemone serves as symbiotic host to crustacean associates, some of which may control parasite loads by "cleaning" reef fishes. Associates may gain protection from predation by dwelling with anemones. B. annulata was the most abundant anemone documented on three reefs, with 52% host to crustacean symbionts. Of those occupied by multi-species groups, 92% included Alpheus armatus shrimp. A....
Show moreThe sea anemone Bartholomea annulata, is an ecologically important member of Caribbean coral reefs. This anemone serves as symbiotic host to crustacean associates, some of which may control parasite loads by "cleaning" reef fishes. Associates may gain protection from predation by dwelling with anemones. B. annulata was the most abundant anemone documented on three reefs, with 52% host to crustacean symbionts. Of those occupied by multi-species groups, 92% included Alpheus armatus shrimp. A. armatus is an important anemone associate providing protection to the anemone from predators such as Hermodice carunculata, in laboratory and field trials. H. carunculata can completely devour or severely damage prey anemones. Here I show that anemones hosting symbiotic alpheid shrimp are extremely less likely to sustain damage by predators than solitary anemones. The role of protector may be reciprocally provided by anemone and decapod associates.
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Date Issued
2010
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/1930494
Subject Headings
Predation (Biology), Animal behavior, Coral reef ecology, Sea anemones, Marine ecology
Format
Document (PDF)
effect of water conditions on larval development of Nematostella vectensis
Title
The effect of water conditions on larval development of Nematostella vectensis.
Creator
Guidry, Alix Marie, Florida Atlantic University, Baldwin, John D.
Abstract/Description
This project tested the effects of water conditions on developmental rates of larvae of the estuarine sea anemone Nematostella vectensis . Egg masses were collected immediately following fertilization and placed in solutions with different salinities and maintained in a temperature-controlled water bath. Every twelve hours, embryonic development was checked for progression through different morphological stages of development. Comparison of regression analyses of larval development at each...
Show moreThis project tested the effects of water conditions on developmental rates of larvae of the estuarine sea anemone Nematostella vectensis . Egg masses were collected immediately following fertilization and placed in solutions with different salinities and maintained in a temperature-controlled water bath. Every twelve hours, embryonic development was checked for progression through different morphological stages of development. Comparison of regression analyses of larval development at each temperature increment indicated that both temperature and salinity affected the rate of development; development was slower in lower conditions and faster at higher salinities and temperatures, with extreme conditions inducing deleterious effects. The suggested ideal conditions for these larvae are a salinity range of 12.5--20% and a temperature range of 22--24C. These parameters provide a foundation from which a standardized testing method may be established, using N. vectensis larval development.
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Date Issued
2004
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13169
Subject Headings
Marine animals--Larvae--Effect of temperature on, Sea anemones--Larvae--Effect of temperature on, Marine ecology, Water temperature, Estuarine ecology
Format
Document (PDF)