Current Search: Rats as laboratory animals (x)
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- Title
- The effect of choline supplementation on maze running ability in hypothyroid rats.
- Creator
- Ramer, Jessica, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Psychology
- Abstract/Description
-
The effects of perinatal hypothyroidism and perinatal choline supplementation on radial arm maze performance were assessed. Animals were made hypothyroid by the administration of propylthiouracil (PTU) to the mash of dams from prenatal day 15 until postnatal day 15. Choline chloride was administered prenatally in drinking water and postnatally through injections to the pups until day 24. Hypothyroid animals made significantly more reference and working memory errors than did euthyroid animals...
Show moreThe effects of perinatal hypothyroidism and perinatal choline supplementation on radial arm maze performance were assessed. Animals were made hypothyroid by the administration of propylthiouracil (PTU) to the mash of dams from prenatal day 15 until postnatal day 15. Choline chloride was administered prenatally in drinking water and postnatally through injections to the pups until day 24. Hypothyroid animals made significantly more reference and working memory errors than did euthyroid animals. Perinatal choline supplementation reduced the number of working memory errors, but not reference memory errors, in both euthyroid and hypothyroid animals.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1998
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15582
- Subject Headings
- Rats as laboratory animals, Hypothyroidism
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- A PHA-L analysis of projections from the nucleus reticularis pontis oralis, the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus and the median raphe nucleus in the rat: Implications for the modulation of the hippocampal EEG.
- Creator
- Fortin, William J., Florida Atlantic University, Vertes, Robert P.
- Abstract/Description
-
Projections of the nucleus reticularis pontis oralis (RPO), the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPT) and the median raphe nucleus (MR) were examined using the anterograde tracer Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (PHA-L). The RPO projected strongly throughout the reticular core, to the PPT and to the intralaminar thalamic nuclei. Light projections were observed in the posterior hypothalamus but not the supramammillary nucleus. The pattern of labeling suggests that the RPO is arranged...
Show moreProjections of the nucleus reticularis pontis oralis (RPO), the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPT) and the median raphe nucleus (MR) were examined using the anterograde tracer Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (PHA-L). The RPO projected strongly throughout the reticular core, to the PPT and to the intralaminar thalamic nuclei. Light projections were observed in the posterior hypothalamus but not the supramammillary nucleus. The pattern of labeling suggests that the RPO is arranged topographically in longitudinal columns. The PPT projected to the RPO, MR, medial thalamic and intralaminar nuclei, the supramammillary nucleus and septum. The MR was found to project heavily to the supramammillary nucleus, intralaminar thalamic nuclei, the septum, the hippocampus and several cortical areas. The results are discussed in terms of the modulation of hippocampal EEG and a model is introduced emphasizing interactions among ascending hippocampal EEG synchronizing and desynchronizing systems.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1995
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15185
- Subject Headings
- Hippocampus (Brain), Electroencephalography, Rats as laboratory animals
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Effects of daily cocaine on milk intake and motor activity in cannula-fed and bottle-fed rats.
- Creator
- Hertz, Jacqueline Moore, Florida Atlantic University, Wolgin, David L.
- Abstract/Description
-
The purpose of this experiment was to determine if tolerance to cocaine-induced hypophagia involves learning to suppress stereotyped movements that interfere with feeding. Milk intake and motor activity were measured in rats fed via bottles or intraoral cannulas. On dose-response 1, the bottle group was more hypophagic than the cannula group at the 8, 16, and 32 mg/kg doses. After 60d of chronic cocaine (16 mg/kg), only the bottle-fed group showed tolerance, indicated by a shift to the right...
Show moreThe purpose of this experiment was to determine if tolerance to cocaine-induced hypophagia involves learning to suppress stereotyped movements that interfere with feeding. Milk intake and motor activity were measured in rats fed via bottles or intraoral cannulas. On dose-response 1, the bottle group was more hypophagic than the cannula group at the 8, 16, and 32 mg/kg doses. After 60d of chronic cocaine (16 mg/kg), only the bottle-fed group showed tolerance, indicated by a shift to the right on dose-response 2. Tolerance was accompanied by a decrease in activity, while activity in the cannula-fed groups given 16 or 32 mg/kg showed sensitization. These results suggest that moderate doses of cocaine interfere with feeding primarily by producing incompatible behaviors. Tolerance involves learning to inhibit these behaviors in order to feed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1997
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15464
- Subject Headings
- Rats as laboratory animals, Conditioned response, Drug tolerance
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Do The Dynamics of Insulin Delivery Matter for Management of Diabetes Mellitus? Evidence From Molecular Measures in a Diabetic Rat Model.
- Creator
- Reis, Danielle, Tuller, Betty, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
The current study uses a diabetic rat model to measure the effects of pulsatile versus continuous insulin delivery on IRS-2 in the liver. The purpose is to determine if pulsatile, compared with continuous, insulin delivery leads to reduced insulin resistance in diabetic rats. Insulin signaling in the liver is mediated primarily through IRS-2 and tissue responsiveness to insulin may be detected by monitoring the lRS-2 signaling pathway. Western blots were performed to measure IRS-2 protein...
Show moreThe current study uses a diabetic rat model to measure the effects of pulsatile versus continuous insulin delivery on IRS-2 in the liver. The purpose is to determine if pulsatile, compared with continuous, insulin delivery leads to reduced insulin resistance in diabetic rats. Insulin signaling in the liver is mediated primarily through IRS-2 and tissue responsiveness to insulin may be detected by monitoring the lRS-2 signaling pathway. Western blots were performed to measure IRS-2 protein levels for each delivery condition and treatment day. Results revealed that overall, the pulsatile insulin delivery method showed a significant increase in IRS-2 levels over the continuous insulin delivery method by treatment day 5. These findings imply that the pulsatile delivery method, over a period of time, triggers more insulin receptor action. Conversely, the results of the continuous delivery system show a decrease in IRS-2 levels as the number of doses of insulin increased.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2007
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000818
- Subject Headings
- Diabetes--Treatment, Rats as laboratory animals, Insulin--Receptors
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The effects of prenatal and postnatal ethanol exposure on spatial learning in the rat.
- Creator
- Bannoura, Michelle Doreen., Florida Atlantic University, Johanson, Ingrid B.
- Abstract/Description
-
The effects of prenatal ethanol exposure, via a liquid diet containing 35% ethanol derived calories, on spatial learning were assessed in the radial arm maze and Morris water maze at 30 and 60 days of age. No significant affects of ethanol exposure were found on either task at either age. The effects of postnatal ethanol exposure, via self administration of a 15% ethanol solution, on spatial learning were assessed in the radial arm maze and Morris water maze. No significant effects of ethanol...
Show moreThe effects of prenatal ethanol exposure, via a liquid diet containing 35% ethanol derived calories, on spatial learning were assessed in the radial arm maze and Morris water maze at 30 and 60 days of age. No significant affects of ethanol exposure were found on either task at either age. The effects of postnatal ethanol exposure, via self administration of a 15% ethanol solution, on spatial learning were assessed in the radial arm maze and Morris water maze. No significant effects of ethanol exposure were found on either task at either 30 or 60 days of age. Subtle differences in performance in the radial arm maze were found at 30 days of age in both the prenatally and postnatally ethanol exposed groups. These differences suggest that the exposure to ethanol postnatally may be interfering with the rate of learning and the ability to learn.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1991
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14774
- Subject Headings
- Alcohol--Physiological effect, Rats as laboratory animals, Spatial behavior
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Neuropeptidergic and neuromorphological adaptations induced by behavioral sensitization to nicotine in a rodent model of vulnerability to nicotine relapse: abstinence-related negative effect.
- Creator
- Aydin, Cigdem., Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
- Abstract/Description
-
A rat model of novelty-seeking phenotype predicts vulnerability to nicotine relapse where locomotor reactivity to novelty is used to rank high (HR) versus low (LR) responders. This dissertation examines the neuropeptidergic and structural substrates of the expression of locomotor sensitization to a low dose nicotine challenge and associated social anxiety-like behavior following chronic intermittent nicotine exposure during adolescence in the LRHR phenotype. Data show the long-lasting nature...
Show moreA rat model of novelty-seeking phenotype predicts vulnerability to nicotine relapse where locomotor reactivity to novelty is used to rank high (HR) versus low (LR) responders. This dissertation examines the neuropeptidergic and structural substrates of the expression of locomotor sensitization to a low dose nicotine challenge and associated social anxiety-like behavior following chronic intermittent nicotine exposure during adolescence in the LRHR phenotype. Data show the long-lasting nature of behavioral sensitization to nicotine and abstinence-related social anxiety-like behavior in nicotine pre-trained HRs compared to saline pre-trained controls. Moreover, this behavior is accompanied by an imbalance between the brain antistress/antianxiety, i.e., neuropeptide Y (NPY), and stress, i.e., corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) systems in the amygdala. Moreover, a deficit in NPY signaling marked with decreased NPY and increased NPY Y2 receptor (Y2R) mRNA levels is observed in the hip pocampus, along with mossy fiber reorganization in nicotine pre-trained HRs. Furthermore, a Y2R antagonist administered 1 wk of abstinence reverses these behavioral, molecular and morphological effects in nicotine-exposed HRs. Additionally, the role of amygdalar synaptic plasticity in longlasting social withdrawal is also investigated by assessing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and spinophilin mRNA levels in HRs following a behaviorally-sensitizing nicotine regimen. A persistent increase in BDNF and spinophilin mRNA levels in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) is observed in nicotine pre-trained HRs even across a long (3-wk) abstinence spanning into young adulthood. This strongly suggests BDNFmediated long-lasting neuroplasticity within the BLA that may regulate abstinence-related negative affect in HRs., Moreover, a cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) antagonist, AM251 treatment during a short (1-wk) abstinence is ineffective in reversing social anxiety, nicotine-induced neuroplasticity and the neuropeptidergic changes in the amygdala, although it is effective in reversing the expression of locomotor sensitization to challenge nicotine even following a long (3-wks) abstinence. Furthermore, the identical AM251 treatment given during the late phase of a long (3-wk) abstinence further augments social withdrawal and associated BLA plasticity in nicotine pre-trained HRs. These findings implicate neuropeptidergic and neuroplastic changes in the hippocampus and the amygdala in vulnerability to the long-lasting behavioral effects of nicotine in the novelty-seeking phenotype.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2011
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3329828
- Subject Headings
- Rats as laboratory animals, Nicotine, Physiological effect, Habituation (Neuropsychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Chronic variable stress affects hippocampal neurotrophic factor gene expression in the novelty-seeking phenotype: epigenetic regulation.
- Creator
- Oztan, Ozge., Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine
- Abstract/Description
-
Experimentally naive rats exhibit varying degrees of novelty exploration. Some rats display high rates of locomotor reactivity to novelty (high responders; HR), and others display low rates (low responders; LR). The novelty-seeking phenotype (LRHR) is introduced as a model of stress responsiveness. In this thesis I examined effects of chronic variable physical and social stress or control handling on the levels of various neurotrophins in the hippocampus, and changes in mossy fibre terminal...
Show moreExperimentally naive rats exhibit varying degrees of novelty exploration. Some rats display high rates of locomotor reactivity to novelty (high responders; HR), and others display low rates (low responders; LR). The novelty-seeking phenotype (LRHR) is introduced as a model of stress responsiveness. In this thesis I examined effects of chronic variable physical and social stress or control handling on the levels of various neurotrophins in the hippocampus, and changes in mossy fibre terminal fields in LRHR rats. A positive correlation is seen between histone deacetylase 2 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels both of which are oppositely regulated in LRHR CA3 fields in response to chronic social stress. Increase in BDNF levels in CA3 field accompanied increase in supra-pyramidal mossy fibre terminal field size (SP-MF) in HRs, and decrease in BDNF levels accompanied decrease in SP-MF volume in LRs. Epigenetic regulation of neurotrophic support underlying these structural changes is discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2009
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/215290
- Subject Headings
- Rats as laboratory animals, Cellular signal transduction, Gene expression, Hippocampus (Brain), Physiology, Neural transmission, Genetic regulation
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Protective Mechanisms of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor Against Experimental Models of Stroke.
- Creator
- Menzie-Suderam, Janet, Wu, Jang-Yen, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biomedical Science
- Abstract/Description
-
Ischemic stroke has a multiplicity of pathophysiological mechanisms. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is an endogenous growth factor that exerts a diverse range of neuroprotection against ischemic stroke. Several lines of evidence demonstrated the contribution of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in apoptotic cell death involving ischemia. Cell culture of undifferentiated PC12 cells were subjected to 10mM glutamate and selected doses of G-CSF (25ng/ml, 50ng/ml, 100ng/ml and 250ng/ml)...
Show moreIschemic stroke has a multiplicity of pathophysiological mechanisms. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is an endogenous growth factor that exerts a diverse range of neuroprotection against ischemic stroke. Several lines of evidence demonstrated the contribution of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in apoptotic cell death involving ischemia. Cell culture of undifferentiated PC12 cells were subjected to 10mM glutamate and selected doses of G-CSF (25ng/ml, 50ng/ml, 100ng/ml and 250ng/ml) for 24 hours. Cell viability, expression of the G-CSF receptor and expression level of CHOP were assessed in vitro. Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Rats were subcutaneously injected with G-CSF (n= 15; 50ug/kg body weight) 24 hours post-MCAO for 4 days. Vehicle treated rats were administered 5% dextrose for 1 day (n=4) or 4 days (n=16). Sham-operated rats (n=9) were not subjected to MCAO. Neurological deficit and infarct volume were measured while expression levels of pAKT, Bcl2, Bax, Bak, cleaved caspase-3, GRP78, ATF4, ATF6, p-p38MAPK, pJNK, CHOP and HSP27 were analyzed by western blotting. In vitro G-CSF receptor was expressed on undifferentiated PC12 cell, and an optimal dose of 50 ng/ml G-CSF significantly protected these cells against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity (P < 0.05). G-CSF significantly down-regulated (P < 0.01) the ER stressinduced pro-apoptotic marker CHOP in vitro. In vivo, G-CSF reduced infarct volume to 50% while significantly improved neurological deficit compared to vehicle rats. G-CSF significantly (P < 0.05) up-regulated pro-survival proteins pAKT and Bcl2 while downregulating pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, Bak and cleaved caspase 3 in the ischemic brain. It also significantly (P < 0.05) downregulated the ER intraluminal stress sensor GRP78, proteins of ER stress induced intracellular pathway; ATF4, ATF6, p-p38MAPK, pJNK and the ER stress induced apoptotic marker CHOP, which suggests that ER stress is being ameliorated by G-CSF treatment. G-CSF also reduced the level of HSP27, providing additional evidence of cellular stress reduction. G-CSF treatment increased cell survival by attenuating both general pro-apoptotic proteins and specific effector proteins in the ER stress induced apoptotic pathways. Our data has provided new insight into the anti-apoptotic mechanism of G-CSF, especially as it relates to ER stress induced apoptosis in ischemia.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004795, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004795
- Subject Headings
- Cerebral ischemia--Protection., Apoptosis., Rats as laboratory animals., Cellular signal transduction., Oxidation-reduction reaction.
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Neural Activity Associated with Tolerance to Amphetamine Hypophagia.
- Creator
- Bachand, Kimberlee D., Wolgin, David L., Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
There is a growing body of literature indicating that drug effects are influenced by the context in which they are taken, and that neuroadaptations resulting from chronic drug use are similarly context dependent. Contingent tolerance to amphetamine-induced hypophagia is mediated by the learned suppression of stereotyped behaviors, and is an example of a drug-environment interaction. This form of behavioral tolerance depends upon instrumental learning, by which rats learn a strategy to...
Show moreThere is a growing body of literature indicating that drug effects are influenced by the context in which they are taken, and that neuroadaptations resulting from chronic drug use are similarly context dependent. Contingent tolerance to amphetamine-induced hypophagia is mediated by the learned suppression of stereotyped behaviors, and is an example of a drug-environment interaction. This form of behavioral tolerance depends upon instrumental learning, by which rats learn a strategy to suppress drug-induced stereotypies that interfere with feeding. Considerable progress has been made in understanding contingent tolerance at the behavioral level; little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying contingent tolerance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to delineate neural circuitry involved in contingent tolerance. The differential activation of neurons expressing the immediate early gene c-fos was analyzed throughout the brains of amphetamine-tolerant and non-tolerant rats, using the Before-After paradigm; the amphetamine tolerant group received injections of amphetamine (2.0 mg/kg) before access to milk, after-amphetamine and after-saline groups (i.e., nontolerant) received injections of amphetamine after access to milk, and the saline group received saline at both time points. The experimental design permitted us to identify structures uniquely involved in tolerance from those associated with drinking milk, having a history of amphetamine, or receiving an injection of amphetamine on the final test. The unique finding reported here is that when amphetamine is given in an environment containing food, patterns of c-fos are very different than when the drug is given in an environment without food. Results showed that amphetamine-tolerant animals had significant increases in c-fos in a set of interconnected structures throughout the brain, as compared with non-tolerant and saline rats. These data supported the hypothesis that structures associated with the dorsal striatum mediate the response selection of feeding and the inhibition of stereotypies, while the ventral striatum, via instrumental learning, reinforces the selection and inhibition of competing motor behaviors. Results also support the idea that the mechanisms of tolerance involve several neural subsystems that function to modulate motor, motivational, and reward-based learning. Specifically, the learned suppression of stereotypies involves the tolerance "Response Selection," "Reinforcement," and "Instrumental Learning" subsystems.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2006
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000847
- Subject Headings
- Amphetamines--Physiological effect, Drug tolerance, Drugs--Physiological effect, Rats as laboratory animals
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The effects of cocaine pre-exposure and maternal deprivation in the self-administration of cocaine and amphetamine in neonatal rats.
- Creator
- Ungaro, Giovanna Marisol., Florida Atlantic University, Terry, Leslie M., Johanson, Ingrid B.
- Abstract/Description
-
The effects of cocaine exposure and maternal deprivation on subsequent voluntary ingestion of cocaine and amphetamine was investigated in 7-day-old rat pups in order to further our understanding on the development of drug addiction. Maternally deprived and non-deprived pups were pre-exposed to a cocaine solution masked with 5% orange Tang solution. Four hours later, experimental pups were tested for subsequent cocaine self-administration (SA) (Exp. 1) or amphetamine SA, (Exp. 2), following a...
Show moreThe effects of cocaine exposure and maternal deprivation on subsequent voluntary ingestion of cocaine and amphetamine was investigated in 7-day-old rat pups in order to further our understanding on the development of drug addiction. Maternally deprived and non-deprived pups were pre-exposed to a cocaine solution masked with 5% orange Tang solution. Four hours later, experimental pups were tested for subsequent cocaine self-administration (SA) (Exp. 1) or amphetamine SA, (Exp. 2), following a second deprivation period. Control pups were not deprived during this interval. Pups in both experiments were assessed for dose self-administered and for general activity. Results indicate that cocaine pre-exposure increased cocaine and amphetamine SA, and activity significantly increased after pre-exposure and testing sessions. Lastly, sensitization of the motor effects of cocaine was observed in pups pre-exposed to cocaine. This study provides a potential drug SA animal model not yet investigated in developing animals.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1999
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15745
- Subject Headings
- Cocaine--Physiological effect, Amphetamines--Physiological effect, Rats as laboratory animals, Maternal deprivation
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Contingent suppression of amphetamine-induced stereotypy in cannula-fed rats.
- Creator
- Wade, John Vincent, Florida Atlantic University, Wolgin, David L.
- Abstract/Description
-
An experiment was conducted to examine whether cannula-fed rats could learn to suppress amphetamine-induced head movements when milk infusion was contingent upon suppression of these stereotyped movements. To test this hypothesis, rats in two cannula-fed conditions, Cannula/No Lick and Cannula/Lick, received injections of amphetamine (2.0 mg/kg) for 42 consecutive days. Pilot data had suggested that suppression of these movements was unlikely to occur unless some other stereotyped behavior (e...
Show moreAn experiment was conducted to examine whether cannula-fed rats could learn to suppress amphetamine-induced head movements when milk infusion was contingent upon suppression of these stereotyped movements. To test this hypothesis, rats in two cannula-fed conditions, Cannula/No Lick and Cannula/Lick, received injections of amphetamine (2.0 mg/kg) for 42 consecutive days. Pilot data had suggested that suppression of these movements was unlikely to occur unless some other stereotyped behavior (e.g., licking) could be made, hence the availability of a drinking tube in one of the conditions. Although neither group recovered to baseline intake levels, milk intakes measured over 6 consecutive weeks revealed that both groups had recovered from the initial hypophagic effect of amphetamine and had learned to suppress stereotyped head movements in order to receive milk infusion. There was no significant difference between the intakes of the two groups. These findings suggest that instrumental learning may be an appropriate model to describe the development of tolerance to amphetamine-induced stereotyped movements. They also imply that the channeling of one form of stereotyped head movement (e.g., head scanning) into another form (e.g., licking) is not necessary for tolerance to occur.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1993
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/14932
- Subject Headings
- Rats as laboratory animals, Stereotypes (Social psychology), Conditioned response, Reinforcement (Psychology)
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Comparison of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses to maternal deprivation and chronic variable stress in pre-weanling rats.
- Creator
- Blandino, Peter, Jr., Florida Atlantic University, Terry, Leslie M.
- Abstract/Description
-
This paradigm evaluated a novel chronic stressor paradigm that could be as effective as 24 hr of maternal deprivation (24-MD), yet be intrinsically capable of examination over numerous days in pre-weanling pups. It was hypothesized that a 19 hr chronic variable stressor paradigm (19-CVS) would be equally or more effective in eliciting a corticosterone (CORT) response than 24-MD and that 19-CVS would have elevated recovery CORT levels over 24-MD. The results indicated that (1) 19-CVS elicited...
Show moreThis paradigm evaluated a novel chronic stressor paradigm that could be as effective as 24 hr of maternal deprivation (24-MD), yet be intrinsically capable of examination over numerous days in pre-weanling pups. It was hypothesized that a 19 hr chronic variable stressor paradigm (19-CVS) would be equally or more effective in eliciting a corticosterone (CORT) response than 24-MD and that 19-CVS would have elevated recovery CORT levels over 24-MD. The results indicated that (1) 19-CVS elicited a significantly greater CORT response than 24-MD immediately after stressor exposure and (2) 19-CVS had significantly elevated recovery CORT in comparison to 24-MD. These results demonstrate that 19-CVS early in development is capable of robustly activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis immediately after exposure and may prove useful as an early life stressor. However, additional work is necessary to clarify how these two distinct stressors differ in termination of their respective HPA response.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2005
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13302
- Subject Headings
- Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, Rats as laboratory animals, Neuropharmacology, Maternal deprivation
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- The response of rat retinal ganglion cells to axotomy: Early changes in the regulation of fast transported proteins.
- Creator
- Wodarczyk, Linda, Florida Atlantic University, Perry, Gary W.
- Abstract/Description
-
Mammals, unlike lower vertebrates, cannot normally regenerate injured central nervous system neurons. Although rat retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), following optic nerve crush, will undergo an initial period of sprouting, axon outgrowth is limited and subsequently aborted. This study examined how extensive the changes in fast transported proteins (FTPs) were during the early response to RGC damage and whether these changes were comparable to those known to occur in lower vertebrate RGCs....
Show moreMammals, unlike lower vertebrates, cannot normally regenerate injured central nervous system neurons. Although rat retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), following optic nerve crush, will undergo an initial period of sprouting, axon outgrowth is limited and subsequently aborted. This study examined how extensive the changes in fast transported proteins (FTPs) were during the early response to RGC damage and whether these changes were comparable to those known to occur in lower vertebrate RGCs. Changes in mRNA for several known proteins were also analyzed. It was found that, within 2 days, axotomized rat RGCs initiated a program of cell growth, involving the differential synthesis and transport of a broad range of FTPs. This response is very similar to that of lower vertebrates and indicates that rat RGCs are capable of initiating the metabolic responses necessary for regeneration to begin. This response, however, was not sustained beyond 5 days axotomy.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1994
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15074
- Subject Headings
- Regeneration (Biology), Retinal ganglion cells, Rats as laboratory animals, Nerves--Growth
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Tolerance to amphetamine in cannula vs. bottle-fed animals.
- Creator
- Walls, Julie A., Florida Atlantic University, Wolgin, David L.
- Abstract/Description
-
The effects of amphetamine on the milk intake, body weight, and behavioral activity of bottle- and cannula-fed rats was investigated in a before/after paradigm. Dose response determinations were conducted before (DR 1) and after (DR 2) chronic treatment (45 days) with amphetamine (8.0 mg/kg) given either before or after milk tests, to determine whether tolerance developed to the anorexic effect of the drug. Control groups were given saline during the chronic phase. Both cannula- and bottle...
Show moreThe effects of amphetamine on the milk intake, body weight, and behavioral activity of bottle- and cannula-fed rats was investigated in a before/after paradigm. Dose response determinations were conducted before (DR 1) and after (DR 2) chronic treatment (45 days) with amphetamine (8.0 mg/kg) given either before or after milk tests, to determine whether tolerance developed to the anorexic effect of the drug. Control groups were given saline during the chronic phase. Both cannula- and bottle-fed animals lost a significant amount of weight. Cannula-fed animals drank significantly more than bottle-fed animals throughout the chronic phase. Statistical analysis revealed significant increases in intake from DR 1 to DR 2 for the after and saline cannula-fed groups, and the before, after, and saline bottle-fed groups. All groups showed an increase in intake from DR 1 to DR 2, though the increase of the before cannula-fed group failed to reach statistical significance.
Show less - Date Issued
- 1997
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/15488
- Subject Headings
- Rats as laboratory animals, Drug tolerance, Drugs--Physiological effect, Amphetamines--Physiological effect
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Afferent projections to rhomboid nucleus of thalamus.
- Creator
- Owens, Michelle Ann, Florida Atlantic University, Vertes, Robert P.
- Abstract/Description
-
The midline thalamus of rats is anatomically and functionally part of the "limbic" thalamus. The midline thalamic rhomboid nucleus (RH) has not been well characterized. The rhomboid nucleus is located just dorsal to the reuniens nucleus (RE), and just ventral to the central medial nucleus (CeM) of the thalamus. Using the retrograde tracer fluorogold (FG) and anti-FG antibody, we examined afferent projections to RH in the rat. Control injections were also made in CeM and the submedial nucleus...
Show moreThe midline thalamus of rats is anatomically and functionally part of the "limbic" thalamus. The midline thalamic rhomboid nucleus (RH) has not been well characterized. The rhomboid nucleus is located just dorsal to the reuniens nucleus (RE), and just ventral to the central medial nucleus (CeM) of the thalamus. Using the retrograde tracer fluorogold (FG) and anti-FG antibody, we examined afferent projections to RH in the rat. Control injections were also made in CeM and the submedial nucleus of thalamus (SMT). The main sources of input to RH were from the anterior cingulate, agranular insular, orbital, and somatosensory cortices; the claustrum; the reticular nucleus of the thalamus; the posterior hypothalamus; and various brainstem structures. Based on patterns of the afferent projections, the role of RH in arousal, attention, and mnemonic functions is discussed.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2005
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/13220
- Subject Headings
- Rats as laboratory animals, Rats--Nervous system, Thalamus--Research, Rats--Embryology, Afferent pathways, Perceptual-motor processes, Sensorimotor integration
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Behavioral sensitization to nicotine in the novelty-seeking phenotype and hippocampal mossy fiber morphology.
- Creator
- Bhatti, Amrinder S., lsgor, Ceylan, Florida Atlantic University
- Abstract/Description
-
In this thesis I studied propensity for behavioral sensitization to nicotine in the LRHR phenotype and associated plasticity in the hippocampal mossy fiber morphology. I also investigated therapeutic effects of bupropion and a cannabinoid receptor antagonist on behavioral and morphological indices in adolescence and adulthood. Male rats were classified into high responders (HR) and low responders (LR) based on their locomotor response to a novel environment. LRHR animals underwent behavioral...
Show moreIn this thesis I studied propensity for behavioral sensitization to nicotine in the LRHR phenotype and associated plasticity in the hippocampal mossy fiber morphology. I also investigated therapeutic effects of bupropion and a cannabinoid receptor antagonist on behavioral and morphological indices in adolescence and adulthood. Male rats were classified into high responders (HR) and low responders (LR) based on their locomotor response to a novel environment. LRHR animals underwent behavioral sensitization to nicotine and after one week of abstinence were challenged with a low dose of nicotine. HRs expressed behavioral sensitization to nicotine and showed an increase in hippocampal mossy fiber terminal field size. AM251 administration during abstinence reversed behavioral sensitization in HRs and bupropion only attenuated the locomotor response to na"ive nicotine exposure. Therapeutic agents had differential effects on mossy fiber morphology dependent on phenotype and age.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2008
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00000727
- Subject Headings
- Rats as laboratory animals, Risk-taking (Psychology), Habituation (Neuropsychology), Personality--Physiological aspects, Nicotine--Physiological effect
- Format
- Document (PDF)
- Title
- Effects of adolescent stress on depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors and hippocampal mossy fibre-CA3 remodeling in the novelty-seeking phenotype: implications for epigenetic regulation of the BDNF gene.
- Creator
- Oztan, Ozge., Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science
- Abstract/Description
-
Experimentally naive rats show variance in their locomotor reactivity to novelty, some displaying higher (HR) while others displaying lower (LR) reactivity, associated with vulnerability to stress. LRHR phenotype is proposed as an antecedent to the development of stress hyper responsiveness. Results presented here show emergence of antidepressive-like behavior following peripubertal-juvenile exposure to chronic variable physical (CVP) and chronic variable social stress (CVS) in HR rats, and...
Show moreExperimentally naive rats show variance in their locomotor reactivity to novelty, some displaying higher (HR) while others displaying lower (LR) reactivity, associated with vulnerability to stress. LRHR phenotype is proposed as an antecedent to the development of stress hyper responsiveness. Results presented here show emergence of antidepressive-like behavior following peripubertal-juvenile exposure to chronic variable physical (CVP) and chronic variable social stress (CVS) in HR rats, and depressive-like behavior following CVP in the LRs. The antidepressive-like behavior in HR rats was accompanied by increased levels of acetylated Histone3 (acH3) and acetylated Histone4 (acH4) at the hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) P2 and P4 promoters respectively. This effect may mediate increased mossy fibre (MF) terminal field size, particularly the suprapyramidal mossy fibre projection volume (SP-MF), in the HR animals following both stress regimens. These findings show that chronic variable stress during adolescence induces individual differences in molecular, neuromorphological and behavioral parameters between LRs and HRs, which provides further evidence that individual differences in stress responsiveness is an important factor in resistance or vulnerability to stress-induced depression and/or anxiety.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013
- PURL
- http://purl.flvc.org/fcla/dt/3360950
- Subject Headings
- Rats as laboratory animals, Anxiety in adolescence, Depression in adolescence, Stress (Psychology), Cellular signal transduction, Hippocampus (Brain), Physiology, Genetic regulation, Gene expression
- Format
- Document (PDF)