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A STATEWIDE ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF OPIOID-RELATED DEATHS IN OLDER ADULTS
Title
A STATEWIDE ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF OPIOID-RELATED DEATHS IN OLDER ADULTS.
Creator
Suriaga, Armiel, Bryan, Valerie C., Florida Atlantic University, Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing, Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing
Abstract/Description
Background: Opioid-related deaths remain a significant public health problem in the United States. Opioids cause approximately 75% of all drug-related deaths. Since 1999, nearly half a million Americans have died from opioid overdoses. In 2018, 9,290 people > 55 years old died from opioid overdoses in the United States. In Florida, more than 1,000 older adults died from opioids (as a cause of death) from 2014-2018. However, there is a dearth of research about the manner of deaths of older...
Show moreBackground: Opioid-related deaths remain a significant public health problem in the United States. Opioids cause approximately 75% of all drug-related deaths. Since 1999, nearly half a million Americans have died from opioid overdoses. In 2018, 9,290 people > 55 years old died from opioid overdoses in the United States. In Florida, more than 1,000 older adults died from opioids (as a cause of death) from 2014-2018. However, there is a dearth of research about the manner of deaths of older adults who used, misused, or abused opioids. Methods: This secondary analysis utilized data from the Florida Drug and Law Enforcement (FDLE) agency between 2014 - 2018. A generalized linear model with a normal probability distribution was used to examine which social determinants or factors such as race, income, education level, percentage of people in poverty, and population density predicted opioid death rate in Florida. Chi-square statistics were used to determine the association between gender, race, and opioid-related deaths (ORD), and the relationship of the manner of death to the opioid drugs involved. The trend of opioid death rate was also analyzed by Florida county and through the data years 2014 to 2018.
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Date Issued
2021
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013683
Subject Headings
Opioids, Older people, Death
Format
Document (PDF)
EEG Topographic Changes in Opioid Use Disorder
Title
EEG Topographic Changes in Opioid Use Disorder.
Creator
Minnerly, Christopher, Tao, Rui, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine
Abstract/Description
The present study aimed at quantifying the topographic distribution of spectral power as measured with electroencephalogram (EEG) in patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) across five broad band frequencies (δ, θ, α, β, and γ). Through comparative groups of healthy controls, patients with methamphetamine use disorder, and patients with alcohol use disorder, it was determined that OUD EEG spectral power was globally increased in the δ frequency, and more region-specific in others (frontal...
Show moreThe present study aimed at quantifying the topographic distribution of spectral power as measured with electroencephalogram (EEG) in patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) across five broad band frequencies (δ, θ, α, β, and γ). Through comparative groups of healthy controls, patients with methamphetamine use disorder, and patients with alcohol use disorder, it was determined that OUD EEG spectral power was globally increased in the δ frequency, and more region-specific in others (frontal lobes in θ and β frequencies). α frequency was reduced in occipital lobes in OUD. The observed changes are discussed in terms of the microcircuit-level changes in the cortex. Based on these findings, EEG may prove to be a valuable tool for diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of OUD.
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Date Issued
2020
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00013488
Subject Headings
Opioid-Related Disorders, Electroencephalography, Brain Mapping
Format
Document (PDF)
The Impact of Lived Experience Representative Bureaucracy on the Perceived Humanness and Deservingness of Clients: Analyzing First Responders’ Attitudes Toward People with Opioid Use Disorder
Title
The Impact of Lived Experience Representative Bureaucracy on the Perceived Humanness and Deservingness of Clients: Analyzing First Responders’ Attitudes Toward People with Opioid Use Disorder.
Creator
Lofaro, Ryan J., Sapat, Alka K., Florida Atlantic University, School of Public Administration, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters
Abstract/Description
Representative bureaucracy theory has mainly been used to understand how identities related to race, ethnicity, and gender influence how bureaucrats administer public services. Although representation through lived experience has expanded the scope of the theory, this theoretical thread has mostly focused on the perspectives of management. In addition, the literature has generally analyzed the values, beliefs, and actions of minoritized bureaucrats rather than those of the racial and ethnic...
Show moreRepresentative bureaucracy theory has mainly been used to understand how identities related to race, ethnicity, and gender influence how bureaucrats administer public services. Although representation through lived experience has expanded the scope of the theory, this theoretical thread has mostly focused on the perspectives of management. In addition, the literature has generally analyzed the values, beliefs, and actions of minoritized bureaucrats rather than those of the racial and ethnic majority. The purpose of this dissertation is to employ lived experience and traditional representative bureaucracy theories to understand the influence of first responders’ experiences with addiction on their viewpoints regarding the humanness and deservingness of clients with opioid use disorder; examine how white first responders perceive clients of different races; and analyze the effect of lived experience on sentiments regarding clients of color. In this dissertation, I surveyed county- and municipal-level EMS-providers and law enforcement workers in the United States, utilizing a survey experiment and mediation models for the analysis. Results show that indirect and direct lived experiences—respectively, having a family member or friend who has experienced an addiction and feeling addiction has had a direct impact on respondents’ lives—predicted increases in client deservingness, mediated by ascribed humanness and driven largely by EMS-providers. However, responding to opioid overdoses and administering naloxone— on-the-job lived experiences—were associated with reduced deservingness and ascribed humanness in both law enforcement and EMS organizations. Regarding the race of the client, white police personnel had more positive views of white clients with opioid use disorder relative to Black and unidentified clients, with effects amplified by on-the-job and indirect experiences but blunted by direct experiences.
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Date Issued
2023
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014282
Subject Headings
Public health administration, Bureaucracy, Opioid Crisis
Format
Document (PDF)
EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN 12-STEP KNOWLEDGE AND OPIOID USE DISORDER COUNSELING SELF-EFFICACY
Title
EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN 12-STEP KNOWLEDGE AND OPIOID USE DISORDER COUNSELING SELF-EFFICACY.
Creator
D’Urso, Matthew A., Canfield, Brian, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Counselor Education, College of Education
Abstract/Description
Research indicates that opioid use disorder (OUD) is the most fatal and rapidly growing substance use disorder (SUD) in the United States, affecting over three million Americans with nearly a million overdose deaths since 1999 (Azadfard et al., 2021; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2023). Despite the pervasiveness of this diagnosis, research fails to evaluate counselors’ efficacy beliefs regarding the clinical treatment of the OUD client population. Similarly, despite the...
Show moreResearch indicates that opioid use disorder (OUD) is the most fatal and rapidly growing substance use disorder (SUD) in the United States, affecting over three million Americans with nearly a million overdose deaths since 1999 (Azadfard et al., 2021; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2023). Despite the pervasiveness of this diagnosis, research fails to evaluate counselors’ efficacy beliefs regarding the clinical treatment of the OUD client population. Similarly, despite the support that exists for affiliation with 12-step recovery groups like Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous improving recovery outcomes for those diagnosed with OUD (Costello et al., 2019; Humphreys et al., 2020; Kelly et al., 2020), studies assessing counselors’ knowledge of 12-step recovery are scarce in the counseling literature. The present study targeted these two under-represented constructs by examining the relationship between counselors’ knowledge of 12-step recovery and their opioid use disorder counseling self-efficacy (OUDCSE). Counselors’ addiction beliefs and personal substance use experience (PSUE) were chosen as variables in this study, as both have a clinically significant influence on the counseling process and efficacy beliefs (Bawden, 2020; Cronin et al., 2014; Nielson, 2016). The researcher obtained approval from the university’s Institutional Review Board and used convenience and snowball sampling to recruit 161 licensed mental health counselors, marriage and family therapists, and certified clinical rehabilitation counselors for participation.
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Date Issued
2023
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00014303
Subject Headings
Opioid-Related Disorders, Drug abuse counseling, Mental health counselors
Format
Document (PDF)