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Chitin Microparticles (CMPs) Induce M1 Macrophage Activation via Intracellular TLR2 Signaling Mechanism
Title
Chitin Microparticles (CMPs) Induce M1 Macrophage Activation via Intracellular TLR2 Signaling Mechanism.
Creator
Davis, Spring, Shibata, Yoshimi, Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
Chitin Microparticles (CMPs, 1-10um), a special form of the ubiquitous and nontoxic polysaccharide Chitin (GlcNAc), is capable of inducing a switch in macrophages from the wound-healing M2 phenotype to the classically activated pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype; which has therapeutic implications in allergy and cancer. We hypothesized that TLR2 forms a complex with CMPs and Chitin-Binding Proteins (CBPs) at the surface of peritoneal macrophages and remains with that complex after internalization...
Show moreChitin Microparticles (CMPs, 1-10um), a special form of the ubiquitous and nontoxic polysaccharide Chitin (GlcNAc), is capable of inducing a switch in macrophages from the wound-healing M2 phenotype to the classically activated pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype; which has therapeutic implications in allergy and cancer. We hypothesized that TLR2 forms a complex with CMPs and Chitin-Binding Proteins (CBPs) at the surface of peritoneal macrophages and remains with that complex after internalization to initiate downstream signaling events, leading to the production of the M1 cytokine, TNFalpha. Our results from experiments performed in RAW 264.7 cells show that TLR2 and TLR1, but not TLR6, are associated with the CMP binding fraction, and that both TLR1 and TLR2 might be important for M1 activation as a result of CMP phagocytosis. This project sheds light on CMP as a potential therapeutic agent and provides more evidence for a phagocytosis-dependent TLR2 signaling pathway.
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Date Issued
2016
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004762, http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004762
Subject Headings
Biopharmaceutics., Macrophages., Cell receptors., Ligands (Biochemistry), High performance processors.
Format
Document (PDF)
Inhalation toxicity of Brevetoxin 3 in rats exposed for 5 days
Title
Inhalation toxicity of Brevetoxin 3 in rats exposed for 5 days.
Creator
Benson, Janet M., Hahn, Fletcher F., March, Thomas H., McDonald, Jacob D., Sopori, Mohan L., Seagrave, JeanClare, Gomez, Andrea P., Bourdelais, Andrea J., Naar, Jerome, Zaias, Julia, Bossart, Gregory D., Baden, Daniel G., Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Date Issued
2004
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/FCLA/DT/2796034
Subject Headings
Dinoflagellates --Cytology, Macrophages, Red tide, Neurotoxic agents --Analysis, Neurotoxic agents --Physiological effect
Format
Document (PDF)
A Study on Reversing the Immunosuppressive Phenotype of Tumor Associated Macrophages
Title
A Study on Reversing the Immunosuppressive Phenotype of Tumor Associated Macrophages.
Creator
Liddle, Genevieve M., Hartmann, James X., Florida Atlantic University, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Department of Biological Sciences
Abstract/Description
Extracellular stimuli may influence the M1/M2 phenotypic polarization of macrophages. We examined M1/M2 biomarkers, phagocytic activity, and tumoricidal activity in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. Macrophages were treated with conditioned media (CM) from 4T1 breast cancer cells, curcumin, 22-oxacalcitriol, LPS, or a combination of the previously listed. Arginase activity, a M2 phenotypic biomarker, was upregulated by the treatment of macrophages with conditioned media. Curcumin, 22-...
Show moreExtracellular stimuli may influence the M1/M2 phenotypic polarization of macrophages. We examined M1/M2 biomarkers, phagocytic activity, and tumoricidal activity in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. Macrophages were treated with conditioned media (CM) from 4T1 breast cancer cells, curcumin, 22-oxacalcitriol, LPS, or a combination of the previously listed. Arginase activity, a M2 phenotypic biomarker, was upregulated by the treatment of macrophages with conditioned media. Curcumin, 22- oxacalcitriol, and LPS partially inhibited RAW 264.7 arginase activity in the presence of 4T1 breast cancer media. 22-oxacalcitriol increased the phagocytic ability of RAW 264.7 macrophages in the presence of M2 polarizing substances produced by the 4T1 breast cancer cells. Also, LPS increased RAW 264.7 phagocytic ability in the presence of 4T1 breast cancer CM. This study looked at the potential substances that would possibly reverse the M2 tumor promoting macrophage phenotype seen in the breast cancer tumor environment.
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Date Issued
2017
PURL
http://purl.flvc.org/fau/fd/FA00004867
Subject Headings
Macrophages., Breast--Cancer--Treatment., Tumors--Immunological aspects., Cancer--Immunological aspects., Biological response modifiers., Cancer--Molecular aspects.
Format
Document (PDF)